Item 5.
Interests of Named Experts and Counsel.
Not applicable.
Item 6.
Indemnification of Directors and Officers.
The following summary is qualified in its entirety
by reference to the complete Delaware General Corporation Law (“DGCL”) and the registrant’s certificate of incorporation
and bylaws.
Section 145 of the DGCL provides, generally, that
a corporation shall have the power to indemnify any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened,
pending or completed action, suit or proceeding (except actions by or in the right of the corporation) by reason of the fact that such
person is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of the corporation against all expenses, judgments, fines and amounts paid in
settlement actually and reasonably incurred by such person in connection with such action, suit or proceeding if such person acted in
good faith and in a manner such person reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the corporation and, with
respect to any criminal action or proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe his or her conduct was unlawful. A corporation may similarly
indemnify such person for expenses actually and reasonably incurred by such person in connection with the defense or settlement of any
action or suit by or in the right of the corporation, provided that such person acted in good faith and in a manner he or she reasonably
believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the corporation, and, in the case of claims, issues and matters as to which
such person shall have been adjudged liable to the corporation, provided that a court shall have determined, upon application,
that, despite the adjudication of liability but in view of all of the circumstances of the case, such person is fairly and reasonably
entitled to indemnity for such expenses which such court shall deem proper.
Section 102(b)(7) of the DGCL provides, generally,
that the registrant’s certificate of incorporation may contain a provision eliminating or limiting the personal liability of a director
or officer to the corporation or its stockholders for monetary damages for breach of fiduciary duty as a director or officer, provided
that such provision may not eliminate or limit the liability of (i) a director or officer for any breach of the director’s or officer’s
duty of loyalty to the corporation or its stockholders, (ii) a director or officer for acts or omissions not in good faith or which involve
intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of law, (iii) a director under section 174 of the DGCL, (iv) a director or officer for any
transaction from which the director or officer derived an improper personal benefit, or (v) an officer in any action by or in right of
the corporation. No such provision may eliminate or limit the liability of a director or officer for any act or omission occurring prior
to the date when such provision became effective. The registrant’s certificate of incorporation states that its directors shall
not be personally liable to the registrant or to its stockholders for monetary damages for any breach of a fiduciary duty as a director
to the fullest extent permitted by Section 102(b)(7) of the DGCL, notwithstanding any provision of law imposing such liability.
The registrant’s certificate of incorporation
provides that it will indemnify each person who was or is a party or threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed
action, suit or proceeding whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative (other than an action by or in the right of the registrant)
by reason of the fact that he or she is or was, or has agreed to become, the registrant’s director or officer, or was serving, or
has agreed to serve, at the registrant’s request as a director, officer, partner, employee or trustee of, or in a similar capacity
with, another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise (all such persons being referred to as an “Indemnitee”),
or by reason of any action alleged to have been taken or omitted in such capacity, against all expenses (including attorneys’ fees),
judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred in connection with such action, suit or proceeding and
any appeal therefrom, if such Indemnitee acted in good faith and in a manner he or she reasonably believed to be in, or not opposed to,
the registrant’s best interests, and, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, he or she had no reasonable cause to believe
his or her conduct was unlawful.
The registrant’s certificate of incorporation
also provides that the registrant will indemnify any Indemnitee who was or is a party to an action or suit by or in the right of the registrant
to procure a judgment in its favor by reason of the fact that the Indemnitee is or was, or has agreed to become, the registrant’s
director or officer, or is or was serving, or has agreed to serve, at the registrant’s request as a director, officer, partner,
employee or trustee or, or in a similar capacity with, another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, or
by reason of any action alleged to have been taken or omitted in such capacity, against all expenses (including attorneys’ fees)
and, to the extent permitted by law, amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred in connection with such action, suit
or proceeding, and any appeal therefrom, if the Indemnitee acted in good faith and in a manner he or she reasonably believed to be in,
or not opposed to, the registrant’s best interests, except that no indemnification shall be made with respect to any claim, issue
or matter as to which such person shall have been adjudged to be liable to the registrant, unless a court determines that, despite such
adjudication but in view of all of the circumstances, he or she is entitled to indemnification of such expenses. Notwithstanding the foregoing,
to the extent that any Indemnitee has been successful, on the merits or otherwise, he or she will be indemnified by the registrant against
all expenses (including attorneys’ fees) actually and reasonably incurred by him or her or on his or her behalf in connection therewith.
If the registrant does not assume the defense, expenses must be advanced to an Indemnitee under certain circumstances.
The registrant has entered into indemnification
agreements with its directors and executive officers. In general, these agreements provide that the registrant will indemnify the director
or executive officer to the fullest extent permitted by law for claims arising in his or her capacity as a director or officer of the
registrant or in connection with their service at the registrant’s request for another corporation or entity. The indemnification
agreements also provide for procedures that will apply in the event that a director or executive officer makes a claim for indemnification
and establish certain presumptions that are favorable to the director or executive officer.
The registrant maintains a general liability insurance
policy which covers certain liabilities of its directors and officers arising out of claims based on acts or omissions in their capacities
as directors or officers.
Item 9.
Undertakings.
1. The
undersigned registrant hereby undertakes:
(1) To file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made, a post-effective amendment to this registration statement:
(i)
To include any prospectus required by Section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act;
(ii)
To reflect in the prospectus any facts or events arising after the effective date of the registration statement (or the most recent
post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually or in the aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set forth
in the registration statement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any increase or decrease in volume of securities offered (if the total dollar
value of securities offered would not exceed that which was registered) and any deviation from the low or high end of the estimated maximum
offering range may be reflected in the form of prospectus filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) if, in the aggregate, the
changes in volume and price represent no more than 20% change in the maximum aggregate offering price set forth in the “Calculation
of Registration Fee” table in the effective registration statement.; and
(iii)
To include any material information with respect to the plan of distribution not previously disclosed in the registration statement
or any material change to such information in the registration statement;
provided, however, that paragraphs (1)(i) and (ii)
do not apply if the information required to be included in a post-effective amendment by those paragraphs is contained in reports filed
with or furnished to the Commission by the registrant pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act that are incorporated
by reference in the registration statement.
(2)
That, for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act, each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed
to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall
be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.
(3)
To remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any of the securities being registered which remain unsold at
the termination of the offering.
2.
The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes that, for purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act, each filing
of the registrant’s annual report pursuant to Section 13(a) or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act (and, where applicable, each filing
of an employee benefit plan’s annual report pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act) that is incorporated by reference in
the registration statement shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering
of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.
3.
Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling
persons of the registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the
Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is, therefore,
unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the registrant of expenses
incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding)
is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the registrant will, unless
in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the
question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and will be governed by the final
adjudication of such issue.