Note 1. Nature of Operations and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Patriot National Bancorp, Inc. (the "Company" or "PNBK"), a Connecticut corporation, is a bank holding company that was organized in 1999. Patriot Bank, N.A. (the "Bank") (collectively, “Patriot”) is a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company. The Bank is a nationally chartered commercial bank whose deposits are insured under the Bank Insurance Fund, which is administered by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. The Bank provides a full range of banking services to commercial and consumer customers through its main office in Stamford, Connecticut, eight branch offices in Connecticut and one branch office in New York. The Bank's customers are concentrated in Fairfield and New Haven Counties in Connecticut and Westchester County in New York.
On March 11, 2003, the Company formed Patriot National Statutory Trust I (the “Trust”) for the purpose of issuing trust preferred securities and investing the proceeds in subordinated debentures issued by the Company, and on March 26, 2003, the first series of trust preferred securities were issued. In accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“US GAAP”), the Trust is not included in the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
On May 10, 2018, the Bank completed its acquisition of Prime Bank, a Connecticut bank headquartered in Orange, CT (“Prime Bank”). The closing of the transaction added a new Patriot branch located in the Town of Orange, New Haven County, Connecticut. The results of Prime Bank’s operations are included in the Company’s consolidated financial statements from the date of acquisition.
The preparation of consolidated financial statements in accordance with US GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and to disclose contingent assets and liabilities. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Management has identified accounting for the allowance for loan and lease losses, the analysis and valuation of its investment securities, the valuation of deferred tax assets, the impairment of goodwill, the valuation of derivatives, and the valuation of servicing assets as certain of Patriot’s more significant accounting policies and estimates, in that they are critical to the presentation of Patriot’s financial condition and results of operations. As they concern matters that are inherently uncertain, these estimates require management to make subjective and complex judgments in the preparation of Patriot’s consolidated financial statements.
Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to current year presentation.
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies:
Principles of consolidation and basis of financial statement presentation
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Patriot, and the Bank's wholly owned subsidiaries, PinPat Acquisition Corporation and have been prepared in conformity with US GAAP. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated.
Cash and cash equivalents
Patriot considers all short-term, highly liquid investments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents. Cash and due from banks, federal funds sold, and short-term investments are recognized as cash equivalents in the consolidated balance sheets.
Patriot maintains amounts due from banks which, at times, may exceed federally insured limits. Patriot has not experienced any losses from such concentrations.
Federal Reserve Bank and Federal Home Loan Bank stock
The Bank is required to maintain an investment in capital stock of the Federal Home Loan Bank of Boston (“FHLB-B”), as collateral, in an amount equal to a percentage of its outstanding mortgage loans and loans secured by residential properties, including mortgage-backed securities. Additionally, the Bank is required to maintain an investment in the capital stock of the Federal Reserve Bank (“FRB”), as collateral, in an amount equal to one percent of six percent of the Bank’s total equity capital as per its latest Report of Condition (“Call Report”) filed with the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. The FRB
PATRIOT NATIONAL BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to consolidated financial statements
requires that one-half of the investment in its stock be funded currently, with the remaining amount subject to call when deemed necessary by the FRB Board of Governors.
Shares in the FHLB-B and FRB are purchased and redeemed based upon their $100 par value. The stocks are non-marketable equity securities, and as such, are considered restricted securities that are carried at cost, and evaluated for impairment in accordance with relevant accounting guidance. In accordance with this guidance, the stocks’ values are determined by the ultimate recoverability of the par value rather than by recognizing temporary declines. The determination of whether the par value will ultimately be recovered is influenced by criteria such as: (a) the significance of any decline in net assets of the FHLB-B or FRB, as applicable, compared to its capital stock amount, and the length of time this situation has persisted; (b) commitments by either the FHLB-B or FRB to make payments required by law or regulation and the level of such payments in relation to their operating performance; (c) the potential impact of any legislative or regulatory changes; and (d) the regulatory capital ratios and liquidity position of the FHLB-B or FRB, as applicable.
Included in the Bank’s investment portfolio are shares in the FHLB-B and FRB of $6.5 million and $7.0 million as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Management has evaluated its investment in the capital stock of the FHLB-B and FRB for impairment, based on the aforementioned criteria, and has determined that as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 there is no impairment of its investment in either the FHLB-B or FRB.
Investment Securities
Management determines the appropriate classification of securities at the date individual investment securities are acquired, and the appropriateness of such classification is reassessed at each balance sheet date.
Debt securities, if any, that management has the positive intent and ability to hold to maturity are classified as “held to maturity” and are recorded at amortized cost. “Trading” securities, if any, are carried at fair value with unrealized gains and losses recognized in earnings. Securities classified as “available-for-sale” are recorded at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses excluded from earnings and reported in other comprehensive income (loss), net of taxes. Purchase premiums and discounts are recognized in interest income using the interest method of accounting, in order to achieve a constant effective yield over the contractual term of the securities.
Patriot conducts a quarterly review and evaluation of the securities portfolio to determine if a decline in the fair value of any security below its cost basis is an other-than-temporary impairment (“OTTI”). Our evaluation of OTTI considers the duration and severity of the impairment, our intent to hold the securities, whether or not we will be required to sell the securities, and our assessments of the reason for the decline in value and the likelihood of a near-term recovery. If such decline is deemed to be an OTTI, the security is written down to its fair value, which becomes its new cost basis, and the resulting loss is charged to earnings as a component of non-interest income. Other than the credit loss portion, OTTI on a debt security that we have the intent and ability to hold until recovery of its amortized cost is recognized in other comprehensive income/loss, net of applicable taxes. The credit loss portion of OTTI (i.e., any losses resulting from an inability to collect on the instrument) is charged against earnings.
Securities transactions are recorded on the trade date. Realized gains and losses on the sale of securities are determined using the specific identification method, recorded on the trade date, and reported in non-interest income for the period.
At December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Bank’s investment portfolio includes a $4.5 million investment in the Solomon Hess SBA Loan Fund (“SBA Fund”). The Bank uses this investment to satisfy its Community Reinvestment Act lending requirements. At December 31, 2022 and 2021, the investment in the SBA Fund is reported in the consolidated balance sheets at cost, which management believes approximates fair value.
Loans receivable
Loans that Patriot has the intent and ability to hold until maturity or for the foreseeable future generally are reported at their outstanding unpaid principal balances adjusted for deferred costs, an allowance for loan and lease losses, if any, and any unamortized discount, premium and deferred fees.
Interest income is accrued based on unpaid principal balances. Loan application fees are reported as non-interest income, while other certain direct origination costs, or for purchased loans, any discounts or premiums are deferred and amortized to interest income as a level yield adjustment over the respective term of the loan.
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Notes to consolidated financial statements
Loans are placed on non-accrual status or charged off when collection of principal or interest is considered doubtful. The accrual of interest on loans is discontinued no later than when the loan is 90 days past due for payment, unless the loan is well secured and in process of collection. Consumer installment loans are typically charged off no later than when they become 180 days past due. Past due status is based on the contractual terms of the loan.
Accrued uncollected interest income on loans that are placed on non-accrual status or have been charged off is reversed against interest income. Interest income on such non-performing loans is accounted for on the cash-basis of accounting until qualifying for return to accrual status. Any cash received on non-accrual or charged off loans is first applied against unpaid and past-due principal and then to interest, unless the loan is in a cure period. If in a cure period, and management believes there will be a loss, cash receipts are applied to principal until the balance at risk and collateral value, if any, is equal to the amount management believes will ultimately be collected. Loans are returned to accrual status when all principal and interest amounts contractually due are brought current and future payments are reasonably assured. The interest on these loans is accounted for on the cash-basis method until qualifying for return to accrual status.
Patriot’s real estate loans are collateralized by real estate located principally in Fairfield and New Haven Counties in Connecticut, and Westchester County and New York City in New York. Accordingly, the ultimate collectability of a substantial portion of Patriot’s loan portfolio is susceptible to regional real estate market conditions.
A loan is considered impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that Patriot will be unable to collect the scheduled payments of principal or interest when due, according to the loan’s contractual terms. Factors considered by management in determining impairment include payment status and the probability of collecting scheduled principal and interest payments when due. Loans that experience insignificant payment delays and shortfalls generally are not classified as impaired. Management determines the significance of payment delays and shortfalls on a case-by-case basis, taking into consideration the circumstances contributing to the borrower’s loan performance issues, including the length of the delay, the reasons for the delay, the borrower’s prior payment history, and the amount of the shortfall in relation to the principal and interest owed. For commercial and real estate loans, impairment is measured for each individual loan based on the present value of the expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate, the loan’s obtainable market price, or, for collateral dependent loans, the fair value of the collateral less applicable selling costs.
Impaired loans also include loans modified in troubled debt restructurings (“TDR”), where concessions have been granted to borrowers experiencing financial difficulties. These concessions could include a reduction in the interest rate on the loan, payment or maturity date extensions, forgiveness of principal, forbearance or other actions intended to maximize collection. TDRs are generally placed on non-accrual status until the loan qualifies for return to accrual status. Loans qualify for return to accrual status once they have demonstrated compliance with the restructured terms of the loan agreement and have performed for a minimum of six months.
Lower balance lending arrangements, such as consumer installment loans, are evaluated for impairment by pooling the loans into homogenous groupings. Accordingly, Patriot does not separately identify individual consumer installment loans for impairment, unless such loans are individually evaluated for impairment due to financial difficulties of the borrower.
Acquired Loans
Acquired loans are initially recorded at their acquisition date fair values. The carryover of allowance for loan and lease losses is prohibited as any credit losses in the acquired loans are included in the determination of the fair value of the loans at the acquisition date. Fair values for acquired loans are based on a discounted cash flow methodology that involves assumptions and judgments as to credit risk, prepayment risk, liquidity risk, default rates, loss severity, payment speeds, collateral values and discount rate.
Acquired Impaired Loans- Purchase Credit Impaired “PCI” Loans
Acquired loans that exhibit evidence of deterioration in credit quality since origination and for which it is probable, at acquisition, that the Company will be unable to collect all contractually required payments are accounted for as PCI loans under Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 310-30. The excess of undiscounted cash flows expected at acquisition over the estimated fair value is referred to as the accretable discount and is accreted into interest income over the remaining life of the loans using the interest method. The difference between contractually required payments at acquisition and the undiscounted cash flows expected to be collected at acquisition is referred to as the non-accretable discount. The non-accretable discount represents estimated future credit losses and other contractually required payments that the Company
PATRIOT NATIONAL BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to consolidated financial statements
does not expect to collect. Subsequent decreases in expected cash flows are recognized as impairments through a charge to the provision for loan losses resulting in an increase in the allowance for loan and lease losses. Subsequent improvements in expected cash flows result in a recovery of previously recorded allowance for loan and lease losses or a reversal of a corresponding amount of the non-accretable discount, which the Company then reclassifies as an accretable discount that is accreted into interest income over the remaining life of the loans using the interest method.
PCI loans are initially measured at fair value, which includes estimated future credit losses expected to be incurred over the life of the loan. Accordingly, the associated allowance for credit losses related to these loans is not carried over at the acquisition date.
Acquired loans that met the criteria for non-accrual of interest prior to acquisition were not considered performing upon acquisition. When the customers resume payments, to make the nonaccrual loans current, the loans may return to accrual status, including the impact of any accretable discounts, if the Company can reasonably estimate the timing and amount of the expected cash flows on such loans and if the Company expects to fully collect the new carrying value of the loans.
Acquired Non-impaired Loans
Acquired loans that do not meet the requirements under ASC 310-30 are considered acquired non-impaired loans. The difference between the acquisition date fair value and the outstanding balance represents the fair value adjustment for a loan and includes both credit and interest rate considerations. Fair value adjustments may be discounts (or premiums) to a loan’s cost basis and are accreted (or amortized) to net interest income (or expense) over the loan’s remaining life in accordance with ASC 310-20. Fair value adjustments for revolving loans are accreted (or amortized) using a straight-line method. Term loans are accreted (or amortized) using the constant effective yield method.
Subsequent to the purchase date, the methods used to estimate the allowance for loan and lease losses for the acquired non-impaired loans are consistent with the policy for allowance for loan and lease losses described below.
Allowance for loan and lease losses
The allowance for loan and lease losses (“ALLL”) is regularly evaluated by management, based upon the nature and volume of the loan portfolio, periodic review of loan collectability using historical experience rates, adverse situations potentially affecting individual borrowers’ ability to repay, the estimated value of any underlying collateral, and prevailing economic conditions on overall segments of the loan portfolio. This evaluation is inherently subjective as it requires estimates that are susceptible to significant revision as more information becomes available.
The non-specific ALLL by loan segment is calculated using a systematic methodology, consisting of a quantitative and qualitative analytical component, applied on a quarterly basis to homogeneous loans. The model is comprised of six distinct loan portfolio segments: Commercial Real Estate, Residential Real Estate, Commercial and Industrial, Consumer and Other, Construction, and Construction to Permanent – Commercial Real Estate (“Construction to permanent – CRE”). Management monitors a distinct set of risk characteristics for each loan segment. Additionally, management assesses and monitors risk and performance on a disaggregated basis, including an internal risk rating system for loans included in the Commercial loan segment and analyzing the type of collateral, lien position, and loan-to-value (i.e., LTV) ratio for loans included in the Consumer loan segment.
Management’s ALLL process first applies historical loss rates to pools of loans with homogeneous risk characteristics. Loss rates are calculated by historical charge-off rates that have occurred within each pool of homogenous loans over its loss emergence period (“LEP”). The LEP is an estimate of the average amount of time from the point at which a loan loss is incurred to the point in time at which the loan loss is confirmed. In general, the LEP will be shorter in an economic slowdown or recession and longer during times of economic stability or growth, when adverse conditions are not generally applicable across a class of borrowers and individual customers are better able to manage deteriorating conditions.
Another key assumption is the look-back period (“LBP”), which represents the historical data period utilized to calculate loss rates. A three-year LBP is used for each loan segment, in order to capture relevant historical data believed to reflect losses inherent in the loan segment portfolios.
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Notes to consolidated financial statements
After considering the historic loss calculations, management applies additional qualitative adjustments to the ALLL to reflect the inherent risk of loss that exists in the loan portfolio at the balance sheet date. Qualitative adjustments are made based upon changes in economic conditions, loan portfolio and asset quality data, and credit process changes, such as credit policies or underwriting standards. Evaluation of the ALLL requires considerable judgment, to adequately estimate and provide for the risk of loss inherent in the loan portfolio segments.
Qualitative adjustments are aggregated into nine categories described in the Interagency Policy Statement (“Interagency Statement”) issued by the bank regulators. Within the statement, the following qualitative factors are considered:
•Changes in lending policies and procedures, including underwriting standards, collection, charge-off, and recovery practices not considered elsewhere in estimating credit losses;
•Changes in international, national, regional, and local economic and business conditions and developments that affect the collectability of the loan portfolio, including the condition of various market segments;
•Changes in the nature and volume of the loan portfolio and terms of loans;
•Changes in the experience, ability and depth of lending management and staff;
•Changes in the volume and loss severity of past due loans, the volume of non-accrual loans, and the volume and loss severity of adversely classified or graded loans;
•Changes in the quality of the loan review system;
•Changes in the value of the underlying collateral for collateral-dependent loans;
•The existence and effect of any concentrations of credit and changes in the level of such concentrations;
•The effect of other external factors such as competition and legal and regulatory requirements on the level of estimated credit losses in our current loan portfolio.
Patriot provides for loan losses by consistently applying the documented ALLL methodology. Loan losses are charged to the allowance as incurred and recoveries are credited to the ALLL. Additions to the ALLL are charged against income, based on various factors which, in management’s judgment, deserve current recognition in estimating probable losses. Loan losses are charged-off in the period the loans, or portions thereof, are deemed uncollectible. Generally, Patriot will record a loan charge-off (including a partial charge-off) to reduce a loan to the estimated fair value of the underlying collateral, less costs to sell, for collateral dependent loans. Subsequent recoveries, if any, are credited to the ALLL. Patriot regularly reviews the loan portfolio and makes adjustments for loan losses, in order to maintain the allowance for loan and lease losses in accordance with US GAAP.
The allowance for loan and lease losses consists primarily of the following three components:
(1)Allowances are established for impaired loans (generally defined by Patriot as non-accrual loans, troubled debt restructured loans, and loans that were previously classified as troubled debt restructurings but have been upgraded). The amount of impairment provided as an allowance is represented by the deficiency, if any, between the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s original effective interest rate or the underlying collateral value, less estimated costs to sell, if the loan is collateral dependent, and the carrying value of the loan. Impaired loans that have no discounted cash flow or collateral deficiency, if applicable, are not considered for general valuation allowances described below.
(2)General allowances are established for loan losses on a portfolio basis for loans that do not meet the definition of impaired. The portfolio is grouped into homogeneous risk characteristics, primarily loan type. Management applies an estimated loss rate to each pool of homogeneous loans. The loss rates applied are based on Patriot’s three-year loss LBP adjusted, as appropriate, for the factors discussed above. The evaluation is inherently subjective, as it requires material estimates that may be susceptible to significant revision based on changes in economic and real estate market conditions. Actual loan losses may be more or less than the ALLL management established which could have an effect on Patriot’s financial results.
In addition, a risk rating system is utilized to evaluate the general component of the ALLL. Under this system, management assigns risk ratings between one and eleven. Risk ratings are assigned based upon the recommendation of the credit analyst and the originating loan officer. The risk ratings are reviewed and confirmed by the management loan committee of the Board of Directors (the “Loan Committee”). Risk ratings are established at the initiation of transactions and are reviewed and changed, when necessary, during the life of the loan. Loans assigned a risk rating of six or above are monitored more closely by the credit administration officers and the Loan Committee.
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Notes to consolidated financial statements
(3)An unallocated component of the ALLL is considered when necessary to cover uncertainties that could affect management's estimate of probable losses. The unallocated component of the ALLL reflects the margin of imprecision inherent in the underlying assumptions used in the methodologies applied to estimating specific and general losses in the loan portfolio.
In underwriting a loan secured by real property, a property appraisal is required to be performed by an independent licensed appraiser that has been approved by Patriot’s Board of Directors. Appraisals are subject to review by independent third parties hired by Patriot. All appraisals are reviewed by qualified independent parties to the firm preparing the appraisals. Generally, management obtains updated appraisals when a loan is deemed impaired. These appraisals may be more limited than those prepared for the underwriting of a new loan. Additionally, the Bank hires an outside engineering consultant perform the inspection on properties and Management reviews and inspection reports before disbursing funds, during the term of a construction loan.
The Bank further segmented its loan pools by Pass, Special Mention, and Substandard risk ratings and assigned additional risk premiums to each group. The qualitative and economic factors for all of the pools and subsegments were also evaluated, with Pass loans receiving adjustments to reflect their credit profile relative to the non-impaired criticized assets. These adjustments generally flow through the qualitative factors addressing severity of past due loans and other similar conditions and the nature and volume of the portfolio and terms of the loans.
The Bank’s SBA loan portfolio consists of the unguaranteed portion of certain C&I and Owner-Occupied CRE loans. An additional risk premium was assigned to those loans due to their risk parameters and profile, including higher historical loss rates (based on historical SBA data) than the rest of the C&I and Owner-Occupied CRE portfolio.
Acquired loans are marked to fair value on the date of acquisition and are evaluated on a quarterly basis to ensure the necessary purchase accounting updates are made in parallel with the allowance for loan loss calculation. Acquired loans that have been renewed since acquisition are included in the allowance for loan loss calculation since these loans have been underwritten to the Bank’s guidelines. Acquired loans that have not been renewed since acquisition, or that have a PCI mark, are excluded from the allowance for loan loss calculation.
While Patriot uses the best information available to evaluate the ALLL, future adjustments to the ALLL may be necessary if conditions differ or substantially change from the information used in making the evaluation. In addition, as an integral part of its regulatory examination process, the OCC will periodically review the ALLL. The OCC may require Patriot to adjust the ALLL based on its analysis of information available at the time of its examination.
As discussed further in the section titled “Accounting Standards Issued but not yet adopted”, the current ALLL methodology will be replaced by the measurement of losses under a current expected cumulative loss (CECL) model beginning January 1, 2023 in accordance with new accounting standard ASU 2016-13.
Transfers of financial assets
Transfers of financial assets are accounted for as sales when control over the assets has been surrendered. Control over transferred assets is deemed to be surrendered when (1) the assets have been isolated from Patriot -- put presumptively beyond the reach of Patriot and its creditors, even in bankruptcy or other receivership, (2) the transferee obtains the right (free of conditions that constrain it from taking advantage of that right) to pledge or exchange the transferred assets and no condition both constrains the transferee from taking advantage of that right and provides more than a trivial benefit for Patriot, and (3) Patriot does not maintain effective control over the transferred assets through either (a) an agreement that both entitles and obligates it to repurchase or redeem the assets before maturity or (b) the ability to unilaterally cause the holder to return specific assets, other than through a cleanup call.
PATRIOT NATIONAL BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to consolidated financial statements
Loans Held for Sale
Loans held for sale represent the guaranteed portion of SBA loans and are reflected at the lower of aggregate cost or market value. Patriot originates loans to customers under the SBA program that historically has provided for SBA guarantees of 75% of the principal balance of each loan. As a result of the pandemic, in 2021, the SBA increased the guaranteed percentage to 90% during one of the rounds of stimulus. As of October 1, 2021, the guaranteed percentage reverted back to 75% of the loan. Patriot generally sells the guaranteed portion of its SBA loans to a third party and retains the servicing, holding the unguaranteed portion in its portfolio. The amount of loan origination fees is included in the carrying value of loans sold and in the calculation of the gain or loss on the sale. When sales of SBA loans do occur, the premium received on the sale and the present value of future cash flows of the servicing assets, less the discount of the retained portion of the loan are recognized in income. All criteria for sale accounting must be met in order for the loan sales to occur; see details under the “Transfers of Financial Assets” heading above.
Servicing Assets
Servicing assets represent the estimated fair value of retained servicing rights, net of servicing costs, at the time loans are sold. Servicing assets are amortized in proportion to, and over the period of, estimated net servicing revenues. Impairment is evaluated based on stratifying the underlying financial assets by date of origination and term. Fair value is determined using prices for similar assets with similar characteristics, when available, or based upon discounted cash flows using market-based assumptions. Any impairment, if temporary, would be reported as a valuation allowance.
Other real estate owned
Assets acquired through, loan foreclosure or in lieu of, are held for sale and are initially recorded at fair value less cost to sell at the date of foreclosure, establishing a new cost basis. In addition, when Patriot acquires other real estate owned (“OREO”), it obtains a current appraisal to substantiate the net carrying value of the asset. Subsequent to foreclosure, valuations are periodically performed by management and the assets are carried at the lower of carrying amount or fair value less cost to sell. Revenue and expenses from operations and changes in the valuation allowance are included in the results of operations. Costs relating to the development and improvement of the property are capitalized, subject to the limit of fair value of the collateral. Gains or losses are included in non-interest expenses upon disposal.
Write-downs of foreclosed properties that are required upon transfer to OREO are charged to the ALLL. Thereafter, an allowance for OREO losses is established for any further declines in the property’s value. These losses are included in non-interest expenses in the consolidated statements of operations.
Premises and equipment
Premises and equipment are stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization. Leasehold improvements are capitalized and amortized over the shorter of the terms of the related leases or the estimated economic lives of the improvements. Depreciation is charged to operations for buildings, furniture, equipment and software using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the related assets which range from three to forty years. Gains and losses on dispositions are recognized upon realization. Maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred and improvements are capitalized.
Impairment of long-lived assets
Long-lived assets, which are held and used, are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. If impairment is indicated by that review, the asset is written down to its estimated fair value through a charge to non-interest expense.
Intangible Assets
Intangible assets include core deposit intangibles (“CDI”) and goodwill arising from acquisitions. The initial and ongoing carrying value of intangible assets is based upon modeling techniques that require management to make estimates regarding the amount and timing of expected future cash flows. It also requires use of a discount rate that reflects the current return requirements of the market in relation to present risk-free interest rates, required equity market premiums, peer volatility indicators, and company-specific risk indicators.
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Notes to consolidated financial statements
CDI is amortized on straight-line basis over a 10-year period because that is managements’ estimate of the period Patriot will benefit from Prime Bank’s deposit base comprised of funds associated with long-term customer relationships. CDI is evaluated for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that its carrying amount may not be recoverable, with any changes in estimated useful life accounted for prospectively over the revised remaining life.
The Company evaluates goodwill for impairment on an annual basis, or more often if events or circumstances indicate there may be impairment. The annual impairment test is conducted annually as of October 31, or whenever certain triggering events occur or there are circumstances that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of the reporting unit below its carrying amount are identified. Management estimates the fair value of the reporting unit by considering multiple valuation techniques, which include subjective assumptions about the future cash flows of the Company, assumptions within the capitalization rate, valuation multiples, and market data used. The fair value of each reporting unit is compared to the carrying amount of such reporting unit in order to determine if impairment is indicated.
Derivatives
Derivatives are recognized at fair value and included in other assets and other liabilities in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. The value of exchange-traded contracts is based on quoted market prices while non-exchange traded contracts are valued based on dealer quotes, pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies, or similar techniques for which the determination of fair value may require management judgment or estimation, relating to future rates and credit activities. Cash flows from derivative financial instruments are included in net cash provided by operating activities in the accompanying consolidated statements of cash flows.
Derivatives Not Designated in Hedge Relationships: Patriot enters into interest rate swap agreements (“swaps”), to provide a facility to mitigate for the borrower the fluctuations in the variable rate on the respective loan. The customer swaps are simultaneously hedged by offsetting derivatives that Patriot entered into with an outside third party. The swaps are reported at fair value in other assets or other liabilities. These swaps qualify as derivatives, but are not designated as hedging instruments, thus any net gain or loss resulting from changes in the fair value is recognized in other non-interest income.
The credit risk associated with derivatives executed with customers is similar as that involved in extending loans and is subject to normal credit policies. Collateral is obtained based on management’s assessment of the customer. The positions of customer derivatives are recorded at fair value and changes in value are included in non-interest income on the consolidated statement of operations.
Derivatives Designated in Hedge Relationships: The Company uses derivatives to hedge exposures, or to modify interest rate characteristics, for certain balance sheet accounts under its interest rate risk management strategy. The Company designates derivatives in qualifying hedge relationships as cash flow hedges for accounting purposes. Derivative financial instruments receive hedge accounting treatment if they are qualified and properly designated as a hedge and remain highly effective in offsetting changes in the cash flows attributable to the risk being hedged both at hedge inception and on an ongoing basis throughout the life of the hedge. Quarterly prospective and retrospective assessments are performed to ensure hedging relationships continue to be highly effective. If a hedge relationship were no longer highly effective, hedge accounting would be discontinued. The gain or loss on a derivative designated and qualifying as a cash flow hedge is initially recorded as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income or loss, net of tax and subsequently reclassified to interest income as hedged interest payments are received or to interest expense as hedged interest payments are made in the same period during which the hedged transaction affects earnings.
Income taxes
Patriot recognizes income taxes under the asset and liability method. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the estimated tax consequences attributable to temporary differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases, and loss carry forwards. Deferred tax assets (“DTA”s) and liabilities (“DTL”s) are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on DTAs and DTLs of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date.
In certain circumstances DTAs are subject to reduction by a valuation allowance. A valuation allowance is subject to ongoing adjustment based on changes in circumstances that affect management’s judgment about the realizability of the deferred tax asset. Adjustments to increase or decrease the valuation allowance are charged or credited to the deferred tax component of the income tax provision or benefit.
PATRIOT NATIONAL BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to consolidated financial statements
Patriot evaluates its ability to realize its net deferred tax assets on a quarterly basis. In doing so, management considers all available evidence, both positive and negative, to determine whether it is more likely than not that the deferred tax assets will be realized. In addition, management assesses tax attributes including available tax planning strategies and net operating loss carry-forwards that do not begin to expire until the year 2030. As of December 31, 2022, no valuation allowance was recorded. See Note 14 for more information on the deferred tax valuation allowance.
Management will continue to evaluate its ability to realize the net deferred tax asset. Future evidence may indicate that it is more likely than not that a portion of the net deferred tax asset will not be realized at which point the valuation allowance may need to be increased.
Patriot had a net deferred tax asset of $15.5 million at December 31, 2022 as compared to a net deferred tax asset of $12.1 million at December 31, 2021.
On March 27, 2020, the CARES Act was signed into law. The CARES Act includes provisions relating to refundable payroll tax credits, deferment of the employer portion of certain payroll taxes, net operating loss carryback periods, and modifications to the net interest deduction limitations. The CARES Act did not have a material impact on the Company’s income taxes or related disclosures.
Unrecognized tax benefits
Patriot recognizes a benefit from its tax positions only if it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained on examination by taxing authorities, based on the technical merits of the position. The tax benefits recognized in the consolidated financial statements from such a position are measured based on the largest benefit that has a greater than 50% likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement with a taxing authority that has full knowledge of all relevant information.
Patriot’s returns for tax years 2019 through 2022 are subject to examination by the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) for U.S. Federal tax purposes and, for State tax purposes, by the Department of Revenue Services for the State of Connecticut and the State of New York Department of Taxation and Finance.
As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Bank did not record any uncertain tax position (“UTP”). Additionally, Patriot has no pending or on-going audits in any tax jurisdiction.
The Company’s policy is to recognize interest and penalties related to income tax matters in income tax expense.
Earnings per Share
Basic earnings per share represent earnings accruing to common shareholders and are computed by dividing net income by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding.
Diluted earnings per share reflects additional common shares that would have been outstanding if potentially dilutive securities had been converted to common stock, as well as any adjustments to earnings resulting from the assumed conversion, unless such effect is anti-dilutive. Potential common shares that may be issued by Patriot include any unvested restricted stock awards, stock options, and stock warrants and are determined using the treasury stock method.
Share-based compensation plan
Incentive and compensatory share-based compensation granted to employees is accounted for at the grant date fair value of the award and recognized in the results of operations as compensation expense with an off-setting entry to equity on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period, which is the vesting period. Non-employee members of the Board of Directors are treated as employees for any share-based compensation granted in exchange for their service on the Board of Directors.
Patriot does not currently have, nor has it had in the past, any grants of share-based compensation to non-employees. However, should such awards exist in the future, the value of the goods or services received shall be measured at the grant date fair value of the award or the goods or services to be received, if determined to be a more reliable measurement of fair value. A liability will be recognized for the award, which will periodically be adjusted to reflect the then current fair value, and compensation expense will be recognized over the requisite period during which the goods or services are received, so that the fair value at the date of settlement is the compensation expense recognized.
PATRIOT NATIONAL BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to consolidated financial statements
The Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors establishes terms and conditions applicable to the vesting of restricted stock awards and stock options. Restricted stock grants generally vest in quarterly or annual installments over a three-, four- or five-year period from the date of grant. All restricted stock awards are non- participating grants.
Comprehensive income
Accounting principles generally require that recognized revenues, expenses, gains and losses be included in net income. Although certain changes in assets and liabilities, such as unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale securities, are reported as a separate component of shareholders' equity in the consolidated balance sheets, such items, along with net income, are components of comprehensive income.
Segment reporting
Patriot’s only business segment is Community Banking. During the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, this segment represented all the revenues and income of Patriot.
Reserve for Unfunded Commitments
The reserve for unfunded commitments provides for probable losses inherent with funding the unused portion of legal commitments to lend. The unfunded reserve calculation includes factors that are consistent with the ALLL methodology for our loan portfolio as well as a draw down factor applied to the various commitments. The reserve for unfunded commitments is included within other liabilities in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets, and changes in the reserve are reported as a component of other expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. See Note 18: Financial Instruments with Off-Balance-Sheet Risk for further information.
Related Party Transactions
Directors and officers of the Company and their affiliates have been customers of and have had transactions with the Company, and it is expected that such people will continue to have such transactions in the future. Management believes that all deposit accounts, loans, services and commitments comprising such transactions were made in the ordinary course of business, on substantially the same terms, including interest rates and collateral, as those prevailing at the time for comparable transactions with other customers who are not directors or officers. In the opinion of management, the transactions with related parties did not involve more than normal risks of collectability, nor favored treatment or terms, nor present other unfavorable features. See Note 20: Related Party Transactions for further information.
Fair value
Patriot uses fair value measurements to record adjustments to the carrying amounts of certain assets and liabilities. Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Fair value is best determined based upon quoted market prices. However, in certain instances, there are no quoted market prices for certain assets or liabilities. In cases where quoted market prices are not available, fair values are based on estimates using present value or other valuation techniques. Those techniques are significantly affected by the assumptions used, including the discount rate and estimates of future cash flows. Accordingly, the fair value estimates may not be realized in an immediate sale or settlement of the asset or liability, respectively.
Provided in these notes to the consolidated financial statements is a detailed summary of Patriot’s application of fair value measurements and the effect on the assets and liabilities presented in the consolidated financial statements.
Advertising Costs
Patriot's policy is to expense advertising costs in the period in which they are incurred.
Project expenses
Project expenses represent non-recurring expenses, primarily legal and consulting not directly related to the core business of Community Banking. The project expenses consist of material non-recurring costs related to the previously planned merger with American Challenger in 2021 and 2022. However, the merger was terminated in July 2022. In 2020, the project expenses consist of an adjustment of goodwill after measurement period of the Prime acquisition in May 2018.
PATRIOT NATIONAL BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to consolidated financial statements
Employee Retention Credit
The CARES Act also provided for an employee retention credit (“Employee Retention Credit”), which is a refundable tax credit against certain employment taxes of up to $5,000 per employee for eligible employers for 2020. In 2021, the tax credit is up to $7,000 for each quarter, equal to 70% of qualified wages paid to employees during a quarter, capped at $10,000 of qualified wages per employee per quarter. The Company adopted a policy to recognize the employee retention credit when earned and to recognize the credit as a reduction to compensation and benefits expense on the Company’s consolidated statements of operations. Accordingly, the Company recorded an employee retention credit of $2.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2021, which was included as a reduction to salaries and benefits non-interest expense on the consolidated statements of operations. No employee retention credit was recorded for the year ended December 31, 2022.
Revenue Recognition
ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers ("ASC 606"), establishes principles for reporting information about the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from the entity's contracts to provide goods or services to customers. The core principle requires an entity to recognize revenue to depict the transfer of goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration that it expects to be entitled to receive in exchange for those goods or services recognized as performance obligations are satisfied.
The majority of our revenue-generating transactions are not subject to ASC 606, including revenue generated from financial instruments, such as our loans, letters of credit, derivatives and investment securities, as well as revenue related to our mortgage servicing activities, as these activities are subject to other GAAP discussed elsewhere within our disclosures. Descriptions of our revenue-generating activities that are within the scope of ASC 606, which are presented in our income statements as components of non-interest income are as follows:
•Service charges on deposit accounts - these represent general service fees for monthly account maintenance and activity- or transaction-based fees and consist of transaction-based revenue, time-based revenue (service period), item-based revenue or some other individual attribute-based revenue. Revenue is recognized when our performance obligation is completed, which is generally monthly for account maintenance services or when a transaction has been completed (such as a wire transfer). Payment for such performance obligations are generally received at the time the performance obligations are satisfied.
Recently Adopted and Issued Accounting Standards
Accounting Standards Adopted During 2022
There were no applicable material accounting pronouncements adopted by the Company during 2022.
PATRIOT NATIONAL BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to consolidated financial statements
Accounting Standards Issued But Not Yet Adopted
ASU 2016-13
In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses: Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. The ASU changes the methodology for measuring credit losses on financial instruments measured at amortized cost to a current expected loss (“CECL”) model. Under the CECL model, entities will estimate credit losses over the entire contractual term of a financial instrument from the date of initial recognition of the instrument. The ASU also changes the existing impairment model for available-for-sale debt securities. In cases where there is neither the intent nor a more-likely-than-not requirement to sell the debt security, an entity will record credit losses as an allowance rather than a direct write-down of the amortized cost basis. Additionally, ASU 2016-13 notes that credit losses related to available-for-sale debt securities and purchased credit impaired loans should be recorded through an allowance for credit losses. ASU 2016-13 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal years, with early adoption permitted for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018. In November 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-10, which amends the effective date of ASC 326 for smaller reporting companies, as defined by the SEC, and other non-SEC reporting entities, and delays the effective date to fiscal years beginning after December 31, 2022, including interim periods within those fiscal periods. As the Company is a small reporting company, the delay was applicable to the Company. Upon adoption on January 1, 2023, the Company will record a pre-tax adjustment in the range of $2.0 million to $4.0 million to the allowance for loan losses and a pre-tax adjustment in the range of $0.5 million to $1.0 million to reserve for unfunded commitments (which will be reflected in other liabilities on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets), and a cumulative-effect adjustment to increase the opening balance of accumulated deficit of $1.8 million to $3.7 million. These impacts will be reflected in the Company's first quarter 2023 financial statements.
ASU Update 2020-02
In January 2020, the FASB issued ASU No. 2020-02, “Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326) and Leases (Topic 842): Amendments to SEC Paragraphs Pursuant to SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 119 and Update to SEC Section on Effective Date Related to Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842).” This ASU adds and amends SEC paragraphs in the Accounting Standards Codification to reflect the issuance of SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 119, related to the new credit losses standard, and comments by the SEC staff related to the revised effective date of the new leases standard. This ASU is effective upon issuance. See the discussion regarding the adoption of ASU 2016-13 above.
ASU Update 2020-03
In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU No. 2020-3, “Codification Improvements to Financial Instruments.” This ASU clarifies various financial instruments topics, including the CECL standard issued in 2016. Amendments related to ASU 2016-13 for entities that have not yet adopted that guidance are effective upon adoption of the amendments in ASU 2016-13. Early adoption is not permitted before an entity’s adoption of ASU 2016-13. Other amendments are effective upon issuance of this ASU. See the discussion regarding the adoption of ASU 2016-13 above.
ASU 2022-02
In March 2022, the FASB issued ASU No. 2022-02, "Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Troubled Debt Restructurings and Vintage Disclosures". ASU 2022-02 updates guidance in Topic 326, to eliminate the accounting guidance for TDRs by creditors in Subtopic 310-40, Receivables—Troubled Debt Restructurings by Creditors, while enhancing disclosure requirements for certain loan refinancing and restructurings by creditors when a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty and to require entities to disclose current-period gross write-offs by year of origination for financing receivables and net investments in leases within the scope of Subtopic 326-20, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses—Measured at Amortized Cost. ASU 2022-02 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, with early adoption permitted. if an entity has adopted the amendments in Update 2016-03, including adoption in an interim period. The adoption of this guidance will not have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements. See the discussion regarding the adoption of ASU 2016-13 above.
PATRIOT NATIONAL BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to consolidated financial statements
ASU 2022-06
On December 21, 2022, the FASB issued ASU 2022-06, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848) “Deferral of the Sunset Date of Topic 848” This ASU defers the sunset date of the temporary, optional expedients related to the accounting for contract modifications and hedging transactions as a result of the anticipated transition away from the use of LIBOR and other interbank offered rates to alternative reference rates. In response to the United Kingdom’s Financial Conduct Authority's extension of the cessation date of LIBOR in the United States to June 30, 2023, the FASB has deferred the expiration date of these optional expedients to December 31, 2024. The ASU became effective upon issuance and affords the Company an extended period to utilize the currently available optional expedients related to the accounting for contract modifications and hedging transactions as a result of the anticipated transition away from the use of LIBOR and other inter-bank offered rates. The adoption of this guidance will not have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements.
Note 2. Restrictions on Cash and Due from Banks
Federal Reserve System regulations require depository institutions to maintain cash reserves against their transaction accounts, primarily interest-bearing and regular checking accounts. The required cash reserves can be in the form of vault cash and, if vault cash does not fully satisfy the required cash reserves, in the form of a balance maintained with Federal Reserve Banks. The Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System generally makes annual adjustments to the tiered cash reserve requirements. In March of 2020, the Federal Reserve Bank eliminated reserve requirements for all depository institution. Therefore, the Company was not required to have cash on hand or on deposit with the Federal Reserve Bank to meet regulatory reserve and clearing requirements as of December 31, 2022 and 2021.
Note 3. Available-for-sale securities
At December 31, 2022 and 2021, the amortized cost, gross unrealized gains, gross unrealized losses and approximate fair value of available-for-sale securities was as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| (In thousands) | Amortized
Cost | | Gross
Unrealized
Gains | | Gross
Unrealized
(Losses) | | Fair
Value |
| December 31, 2022: | | | | | | | |
| U. S. Government agency and mortgage-backed securities | $ | 73,480 | | | $ | — | | | $ | (14,434) | | | $ | 59,046 | |
| Corporate bonds | 19,773 | | | 7 | | | (5,125) | | | 14,655 | |
| Subordinated notes | 5,000 | | | — | | | (398) | | | 4,602 | |
| SBA loan pools | 6,791 | | | — | | | (1,073) | | | 5,718 | |
| Municipal bonds | 561 | | | — | | | (62) | | | 499 | |
| 105,605 | | | 7 | | | (21,092) | | | 84,520 | |
| | | | | | | |
| December 31, 2021: | | | | | | | |
| U. S. Government agency and mortgage-backed securities | $ | 67,850 | | | $ | 24 | | | $ | (1,245) | | | $ | 66,629 | |
| Corporate bonds | 17,754 | | | 118 | | | (951) | | | 16,921 | |
| Subordinated notes | 4,608 | | | 35 | | | (17) | | | 4,626 | |
| SBA loan pools | 5,772 | | | — | | | (169) | | | 5,603 | |
| Municipal bonds | 563 | | | 1 | | | (2) | | | 562 | |
| $ | 96,547 | | | $ | 178 | | | $ | (2,384) | | | $ | 94,341 | |
PATRIOT NATIONAL BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to consolidated financial statements
The following table presents available-for-sale securities’ gross unrealized losses and fair value, aggregated by the length of time the individual securities have been in a continuous loss position as of December 31, 2022 and 2021:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| (In thousands) | Less than 12 Months | | 12 Months or More | | Total |
| Fair
Value | | Unrealized
(Loss) | | Fair
Value | | Unrealized
(Loss) | | Fair
Value | | Unrealized
(Loss) |
| December 31, 2022: | | | | | | | | | | | |
| U. S. Government agency and mortgage-backed securities | $ | 11,126 | | | $ | (633) | | | $ | 47,920 | | | $ | (13,801) | | | $ | 59,046 | | | $ | (14,434) | |
| Corporate bonds | 1,959 | | | (64) | | | 10,934 | | | (5,061) | | | 12,893 | | | (5,125) | |
| Subordinated notes | 4,602 | | | (398) | | | — | | | — | | | 4,602 | | | (398) | |
| SBA loan pools | 1,437 | | | (12) | | | 4,280 | | | (1,061) | | | 5,717 | | | (1,073) | |
| Municipal bonds | — | | | — | | | 498 | | | (62) | | | 498 | | | (62) | |
| $ | 19,124 | | | $ | (1,107) | | | $ | 63,632 | | | $ | (19,985) | | | $ | 82,756 | | | $ | (21,092) | |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| December 31, 2021: | | | | | | | | | | | |
| U. S. Government agency and mortgage-backed securities | $ | 60,606 | | | $ | (1,196) | | | $ | 1,610 | | | $ | (49) | | | $ | 62,216 | | | $ | (1,245) | |
| Corporate bonds | 15,042 | | | (951) | | | — | | | — | | | 15,042 | | | (951) | |
| Subordinated notes | — | | | — | | | 1,092 | | | (17) | | | 1,092 | | | (17) | |
| SBA loan pools | 5,603 | | | (169) | | | — | | | — | | | 5,603 | | | (169) | |
| Municipal bonds | 406 | | | (2) | | | — | | | — | | | 406 | | | (2) | |
| $ | 81,657 | | | $ | (2,318) | | | $ | 2,702 | | | $ | (66) | | | $ | 84,359 | | | $ | (2,384) | |
At December 31, 2022 and 2021, forty-six of forty-seven and thirty-two of thirty-nine available-for-sale securities had unrealized losses with an aggregate depreciation of 20.3% and 2.7% from amortized cost, respectively.
Management believes that none of the losses on available-for-sale securities noted above constitute OTTI. The noted losses are considered temporary due to market fluctuations in available interest rates on U.S. Government agency debt, mortgage-backed securities issued by U.S. Government agencies, subordinated notes, corporate debt, and municipal bonds. Management considers the issuers of the securities to be financially sound, the corporate bonds are investment grade, and the collectability of all contractual principal and interest payments is reasonably expected. SBA government guaranteed loan pools securities were purchased at a premium and the impairment was attributable primarily to increased prepayment speeds. The timely payment of principal and interest on these securities is guaranteed by the U.S. Government agency. The contractual terms of the subordinated notes do not permit the issuer to settle the securities at a price less than the amortized cost bases of the investments. Since Patriot is not more-likely-than-not to be required to sell the investments before recovery of the amortized cost basis and does not intend to sell the securities at a loss, none of the available-for-sale securities noted are considered to be OTTI as of December 31, 2022.
As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, available-for-sale securities of $30.8 million and $36.6 million were pledged primarily to secure municipal deposits and FHLB borrowing, respectively. The securities were pledged to the FRB and FHLB.
PATRIOT NATIONAL BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to consolidated financial statements
The following summarizes, by class and contractual maturity, the amortized cost and estimated fair value of available-for-sale debt securities held at December 31, 2022 and 2021. The mortgages underlying the mortgage-backed securities are not due at a single maturity date. Additionally, these mortgages often are and generally may be pre-paid without penalty, creating a degree of uncertainty that such investments can be held until maturity. For convenience, mortgage-backed securities have been included in the summary as a separate line item.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| (In thousands) | Amortized Cost | | Fair Value |
| Due
Within
5 years | | Due After
5 years
through
10 years | | Due
After
10 years | | Total | | Due
Within
5 years | | Due After
5 years
through
10 years | | Due
After
10 years | | Total |
| December 31, 2022: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Corporate bonds | $ | 3,778 | | | $ | 15,995 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 19,773 | | | $ | 3,721 | | | $ | 10,934 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 14,655 | |
| Subordinated notes | 3,000 | | | 2,000 | | | — | | | 5,000 | | | 2,830 | | | 1,772 | | | — | | | 4,602 | |
| SBA loan pools | — | | | 1,449 | | | 5,342 | | | 6,791 | | | — | | | 1,438 | | | 4,280 | | | 5,718 | |
| Municipal bonds | 154 | | | 407 | | | — | | | 561 | | | 139 | | | 360 | | | — | | | 499 | |
| Available-for-sale securities with stated maturity dates | 6,932 | | | 19,851 | | | 5,342 | | | 32,125 | | | 6,690 | | | 14,504 | | | 4,280 | | | 25,474 | |
| U. S. Government agency and mortgage-backed securities | — | | | 5,276 | | | 68,204 | | | 73,480 | | | — | | | 4,129 | | | 54,917 | | | 59,046 | |
| $ | 6,932 | | | $ | 25,127 | | | $ | 73,546 | | | $ | 105,605 | | | $ | 6,690 | | | $ | 18,633 | | | $ | 59,197 | | | $ | 84,520 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| December 31, 2021: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Corporate bonds | $ | 17,754 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 17,754 | | | $ | 16,921 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 16,921 | |
| Subordinated notes | — | | | 4,608 | | | — | | | 4,608 | | | — | | | 4,626 | | | — | | | 4,626 | |
| SBA loan pools | — | | | — | | | 5,772 | | | 5,772 | | | — | | | — | | | 5,603 | | | 5,603 | |
| Municipal bonds | — | | | 563 | | | — | | | 563 | | | — | | | 562 | | | — | | | 562 | |
| Available-for-sale securities with stated maturity dates | 17,754 | | | 5,171 | | | 5,772 | | | 28,697 | | | 16,921 | | | 5,188 | | | 5,603 | | | 27,712 | |
| U. S. Government agency and mortgage-backed securities | 13,876 | | | — | | | 53,974 | | | 67,850 | | | 13,835 | | | — | | | 52,794 | | | 66,629 | |
| $ | 31,630 | | | $ | 5,171 | | | $ | 59,746 | | | $ | 96,547 | | | $ | 30,756 | | | $ | 5,188 | | | $ | 58,397 | | | $ | 94,341 | |
PATRIOT NATIONAL BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to consolidated financial statements
Note 4. Loans Receivables and Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses
As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, loans receivable, net, consisted of the following:
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| December 31, |
| (In thousands) | 2022 | | 2021 |
| Loan portfolio segment: | | | |
| Commercial Real Estate | $ | 437,443 | | | $ | 365,247 | |
| Residential Real Estate | 124,140 | | | 158,591 | |
| Commercial and Industrial | 138,787 | | | 122,810 | |
| Consumer and Other | 141,091 | | | 59,364 | |
| Construction | 4,922 | | | 21,781 | |
| Construction to Permanent - CRE | 1,933 | | | 11,695 | |
| Loans receivable, gross | 848,316 | | | 739,488 | |
| Allowance for loan and lease losses | (10,310) | | | (9,905) | |
| Loans receivable, net | $ | 838,006 | | | $ | 729,583 | |
Patriot's lending activities are conducted principally in Fairfield and New Haven Counties in Connecticut and Westchester County in New York, and the five Boroughs of New York City. Patriot originates commercial real estate loans, commercial business loans, a variety of consumer loans, and construction loans, and has purchased residential loans since 2016. All commercial and residential real estate loans are collateralized primarily by first or second mortgages on real estate. The ability and willingness of borrowers to satisfy their loan obligations is dependent to some degree on the status of the regional economy as well as upon the regional real estate market. Accordingly, the ultimate collectability of a substantial portion of the loan portfolio and the recovery of a substantial portion of any resulting real estate acquired is susceptible to changes in market conditions.
Patriot has established credit policies applicable to each type of lending activity in which it engages and evaluates the creditworthiness of each borrower. Unless extenuating circumstances exist, Patriot limits the extension of credit on commercial real estate loans to 75% of the market value of the underlying collateral. Patriot’s loan origination policy for multi-family residential real estate is limited to 80% of the market value of the underlying collateral. In the case of construction loans, the maximum loan-to-value is 75% of the “as completed” appraised value of the real estate project. Management monitors the appraised value of collateral on an on-going basis and additional collateral is requested when warranted. Real estate is the primary form of collateral, although other forms of collateral do exist and may include such assets as accounts receivable, inventory, marketable securities, time deposits, and other business assets.
In May 2018, loans were acquired in connection with the Prime Bank merger. A subset of these loans was determined to have evidence of credit deterioration at the acquisition date, which was accounted for in accordance with ASC 310-30. The purchased credit impaired (“PCI”) loans presently maintain a carrying value of zero as of December 31, 2022 and 2021. The loans were evaluated for impairment through the periodic reforecasting of expected cash flows.
Income is recognized on PCI loans pursuant to ASC Topic 310-30. A portion of the fair value discount has been ascribed as an accretable yield that is accreted into interest income over the estimated remaining life of the loans. The remaining non-accretable difference represents cash flows not expected to be collected.
There were no PCI loans transactions in 2022 and 2021. A summary of changes in the accretable discount for PCI loans for the year ended December 31, 2020 follows:
| | | | | |
| (In thousands) | Year Ended December 31, 2020 |
| |
| Accretable discount, beginning of period | $ | (47) | |
| Accretion | 2 | |
| Other changes, net | 45 | |
| Accretable discount, end of period | $ | — | |
PATRIOT NATIONAL BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to consolidated financial statements
The accretion of the accretable discount for PCI loans for the year end December 31, 2020 was $2,000. The other changes represent primarily loans that were either fully paid-off or totally charged off.
Risk characteristics of the Company’s portfolio classes include the following:
Commercial Real Estate Loans
In underwriting commercial real estate loans, Patriot evaluates both the prospective borrower’s ability to make timely payments on the loan and the value of the property securing the loans. Repayment of such loans may be negatively impacted should the borrower default, the value of the property collateralizing the loan substantially decline, or there are declines in general economic conditions. Where the owner occupies the property, Patriot also evaluates the business’ ability to repay the loan on a timely basis and may require personal guarantees, lease assignments, and/or the guarantee of the operating company.
During 2022, Patriot purchased $20.7 million of commercial real estate loans. There were no commercial real estate loans purchased during 2021.
Residential Real Estate Loans
In 2013, Patriot discontinued offering primary mortgages on personal residences. Repayment of residential real estate loans may be negatively impacted should the borrower have financial difficulties, should there be a significant decline in the value of the property securing the loan, or should there be declines in general economic conditions.
In 2022 and 2021, Patriot purchased $0 and $72.3 million of residential real estate loans, respectively.
Commercial and Industrial Loans
Patriot’s commercial and industrial loan portfolio consists primarily of commercial business loans and lines of credit to businesses and professionals. These loans are generally for the financing of accounts receivable, purchases of inventory, purchases of new or used equipment, or for other short- or long-term working capital purposes. These loans are generally secured by business assets but are also occasionally offered on an unsecured basis. In granting these types of loans, Patriot considers the borrower’s cash flow as the primary source of repayment, supported by the value of collateral, if any, and personal guarantees, as applicable. Repayment of commercial and industrial loans may be negatively impacted by adverse changes in economic conditions, ineffective management, claims on the borrower’s assets by others that are superior to Patriot’s claims, a loss of demand for the borrower’s products or services, or the death or disability of the borrower or other key management personnel.
Patriot’s syndicated and leveraged loan portfolios totaled $5.8 million and $19.6 million at December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The syndicated and leveraged loans are included in the commercial and industrial loan classification and are primarily comprised of loan transactions led by major financial institutions and regional banks, which are the Agent Bank or Lead Arranger, and are referred to as syndicated loans or "Shared National Credits (SNC)". SNC loans were determined to be complementary to the Bank’s existing commercial and industrial loan portfolio and product offerings. Further originations in this loan class are not expected.
Consumer and Other Loans
Patriot offers individual consumers various forms of credit including installment loans, credit cards, overdraft protection, auto loans, and reserve lines of credit. Repayments of such loans are generally dependent on the personal income of the borrower, which may be negatively impacted by adverse changes in economic conditions. The Company does not place a high emphasis on originating these types of loans.
The Company does not have any lending programs commonly referred to as subprime lending. Subprime lending generally targets borrowers with weakened credit histories that are typically characterized by payment delinquencies, previous charge-offs, judgments against the consumer, a history of bankruptcies, or borrowers with questionable repayment capacity as evidenced by low credit scores or high debt-burdened ratios.
PATRIOT NATIONAL BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to consolidated financial statements
During 2022 and 2021, Patriot purchased unsecured consumer loans of $90.1 million and $17.0 million, respectively. Total outstanding from this program totaled $78.9 million and $15.7 million as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. These loans carry higher rates of return than the Bank’s commercial portfolio, with an overall yield of 8.70% , and incurred net charge-offs of $1.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2022. No charge-off was recorded in 2021. Patriot purchased home equity line of credit loans (“HELOC”) of $30.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2022. No HELOC loan was purchases in 2021.
Construction Loans
Construction loans are of a short-term nature, generally of eighteen months or less, that are secured by land and improvements intended for commercial, residential, or mixed-use development. Loan proceeds may be used for the acquisition of or improvements to the land under development and funds are generally disbursed as phases of construction are completed.
Included in this category are loans to construct single family homes where no contract of sale exists, based upon the experience and financial strength of the builder, the type and location of the property, and other factors. Construction loans tend to be personally guaranteed by the principal(s). Repayment of such loans may be negatively impacted by an inability to complete construction, a downturn in the market for new construction, by a significant increase in interest rates, or by decline in general economic conditions.
Construction to Permanent - Commercial Real Estate (“CRE”)
Loans in this category represent a one-time close of a construction facility with simultaneous conversion to an amortizing mortgage loan. Construction to Permanent loans combine a short-term period similar to a construction loan, generally with a variable rate, and a longer term CRE loan typically 20-25 years, resetting every five years to the Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”) rate.
Close of the permanent facility typically occurs when events dictate, such as receipt of a certificate of occupancy and property stabilization, which is defined as cash flow sufficient to support a pre-defined minimum debt coverage ratio and other conditions and covenants particular to the loan. Construction facilities are typically variable rate instruments that, upon conversion to an amortizing mortgage loan, reset to a fixed rate instrument that is the greater of the in-force variable rate plus a predetermined spread over a reference rate (e.g., prime) or a minimum interest rate.
SBA Loans
Patriot originates SBA 7(a) loans, on which the SBA has historically provided guarantees of 75% of the principal balance. However, during the pandemic in 2021, the SBA temporarily increased the guarantees to 90% and reverted to 75% on October 1, 2021. The guaranteed portion of the Company’s SBA loans is generally sold in the secondary market with the unguaranteed portion held in the portfolio as a loan held for investment. SBA loans are for the purpose of providing working capital, financing the purchase of equipment, inventory or commercial real estate and for other business purposes. Loans are guaranteed by the businesses' major owners. SBA loans are made based primarily on the historical and projected cash flow of the business and secondarily on the underlying collateral provided. SBA loans held for investment are included in the commercial real estate loans and commercial and industrial loan classifications, which totaled $(0.8) million and $27.1 million at December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
Small Business Administration Paycheck Protection Program
The CARES Act created the SBA’s Paycheck Protection Program. Under the Paycheck Protection Program, $669 billion was authorized for small business loans to pay payroll and group health costs, salaries and commissions, mortgage and rent payments, utilities, and interest on other debt. The loans are provided through participating financial institutions that process loan applications and service the loans. The Bank participated in the SBA’s Paycheck Protection Program in 2021.
Paycheck Protection Program loans totaled $31,700,000 and $919,000 as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, which are included in the commercial and industrial loan classifications.
PATRIOT NATIONAL BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to consolidated financial statements
Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses
The following tables summarize the activity in the allowance for loan and lease losses, allocated to segments of the loan portfolio, for each year in the three-year period ended December 31, 2022:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| (In thousands) | Commercial
Real Estate | | Residential
Real Estate | | Commercial
and
Industrial | | Consumer
and
Other | | Construction | | Construction to
Permanent
- CRE | | Unallocated | | Total |
| As of and for the year ended December 31, 2022 |
| Allowance for loan and lease losses: |
| December 31, 2021 | $ | 5,063 | | | $ | 1,700 | | | $ | 2,532 | | | $ | 253 | | | $ | 78 | | | $ | 41 | | | $ | 238 | | | $ | 9,905 | |
| Charge-offs | — | | | — | | | (70) | | | (1,690) | | | (68) | | | — | | | — | | | (1,828) | |
| Recoveries | 154 | | | 4 | | | 69 | | | 121 | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 348 | |
| Provisions (credits) | 1,749 | | | (1,039) | | | (1,128) | | | 2,523 | | | 14 | | | (31) | | | (203) | | | 1,885 | |
| December 31, 2022 | $ | 6,966 | | | $ | 665 | | | $ | 1,403 | | | $ | 1,207 | | | $ | 24 | | | $ | 10 | | | $ | 35 | | | $ | 10,310 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| As of and for the year ended December 31, 2021 |
| Allowance for loan and lease losses: |
| December 31, 2020 | $ | 4,485 | | | $ | 1,379 | | | $ | 3,284 | | | $ | 295 | | | $ | 739 | | | $ | 162 | | | $ | 240 | | | $ | 10,584 | |
| Charge-offs | (51) | | | (3) | | | (212) | | | (23) | | | (69) | | | — | | | — | | | (358) | |
| Recoveries | — | | | 3 | | | 65 | | | 111 | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 179 | |
| Provisions (credits) | 629 | | | 321 | | | (605) | | | (130) | | | (592) | | | (121) | | | (2) | | | (500) | |
| December 31, 2021 | $ | 5,063 | | | $ | 1,700 | | | $ | 2,532 | | | $ | 253 | | | $ | 78 | | | $ | 41 | | | $ | 238 | | | $ | 9,905 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| As of and for the year ended December 31, 2020 |
| Allowance for loan and lease losses: |
| December 31, 2019 | $ | 3,789 | | | $ | 1,038 | | | $ | 4,340 | | | $ | 341 | | | $ | 477 | | | $ | 130 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 10,115 | |
| Charge-offs | (1,032) | | | (24) | | | (677) | | | (45) | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | (1,778) | |
| Recoveries | — | | | 1 | | | 70 | | | 6 | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 77 | |
| Provisions (credits) | 1,728 | | | 364 | | | (449) | | | (7) | | | 262 | | | 32 | | | 240 | | | 2,170 | |
| December 31, 2020 | $ | 4,485 | | | $ | 1,379 | | | $ | 3,284 | | | $ | 295 | | | $ | 739 | | | $ | 162 | | | $ | 240 | | | $ | 10,584 | |
PATRIOT NATIONAL BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to consolidated financial statements
The following tables summarize, by loan portfolio segment, the amount of loans receivable evaluated individually and collectively for impairment as of December 31, 2022 and 2021:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| (In thousands) | Commercial
Real Estate | | Residential
Real Estate | | Commercial
and
Industrial | | Consumer
and
Other | | Construction | | Construction to
Permanent
- CRE | | Unallocated | | Total |
| December 31, 2022 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Allowance for loan and lease losses: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Individually evaluated for impairment | $ | 5,430 | | | $ | 5 | | | $ | 608 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 6,043 | |
| Collectively evaluated for impairment | 1,536 | | | 660 | | | 795 | | | 1,207 | | | 24 | | | 10 | | | 35 | | | 4,267 | |
| Total allowance for loan and lease losses | $ | 6,966 | | | $ | 665 | | | $ | 1,403 | | | $ | 1,207 | | | $ | 24 | | | $ | 10 | | | $ | 35 | | | $ | 10,310 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Loans receivable, gross: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Individually evaluated for impairment | $ | 11,241 | | | $ | 2,508 | | | $ | 4,653 | | | $ | 514 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 18,916 | |
| Collectively evaluated for impairment | 426,202 | | | 121,632 | | | 134,134 | | | 140,577 | | | 4,922 | | | 1,933 | | | — | | | 829,400 | |
| Total loans receivable, gross | $ | 437,443 | | | $ | 124,140 | | | $ | 138,787 | | | $ | 141,091 | | | $ | 4,922 | | | $ | 1,933 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 848,316 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| (In thousands) | Commercial
Real Estate | | Residential
Real Estate | | Commercial
and
Industrial | | Consumer
and
Other | | Construction | | Construction to
Permanent
- CRE | | Unallocated | | Total |
| December 31, 2021 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Allowance for loan and lease losses: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Individually evaluated for impairment | $ | 1,567 | | | $ | 3 | | | $ | 722 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 2,292 | |
| Collectively evaluated for impairment | 3,496 | | | 1,697 | | | 1,810 | | | 253 | | | 78 | | | 41 | | | 238 | | | 7,613 | |
| Total allowance for loan losses | $ | 5,063 | | | $ | 1,700 | | | $ | 2,532 | | | $ | 253 | | | $ | 78 | | | $ | 41 | | | $ | 238 | | | $ | 9,905 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Loans receivable, gross: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Individually evaluated for impairment | $ | 15,704 | | | $ | 2,954 | | | $ | 4,031 | | | $ | 523 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 23,212 | |
| Collectively evaluated for impairment | 349,543 | | | 155,637 | | | 118,779 | | | 58,841 | | | 21,781 | | | 11,695 | | | — | | | 716,276 | |
| Total loans receivable, gross | $ | 365,247 | | | $ | 158,591 | | | $ | 122,810 | | | $ | 59,364 | | | $ | 21,781 | | | $ | 11,695 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 739,488 | |
Patriot monitors the credit quality of its loans receivable on an ongoing basis. Credit quality is monitored by reviewing certain indicators, including cash flow from business operations, loan to value ratios, debt service coverage ratios, and credit scores.
PATRIOT NATIONAL BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to consolidated financial statements
Patriot employs a risk rating system as part of the risk assessment of its loan portfolio. At origination, credit officers are required to assign a risk rating to each loan in their portfolio, which is ratified or modified by the Loan Committee to which the loan is submitted for approval. If financial developments occur on a loan in the credit officer’s portfolio of responsibility, the risk rating is reviewed and adjusted, as applicable. In carrying out its oversight responsibilities, the Loan Committee can adjust a risk rating based on available information. In addition, the risk ratings on all commercial loans over $250,000 are reviewed by the Credit Department either annually or biannually, depending upon the amount of the bank’s exposure.
Additionally, Patriot retains an independent third-party loan review expert to perform a quarterly analysis of the results of its risk rating process. The semi-annual review is based on a randomly selected sample of loans within established parameters (e.g., value, concentration), in order to assess and validate the risk ratings assigned to individual loans. Any changes to the assigned risk ratings, based on the semi-annual review, are required to be reported to the Board Audit Committee.
When assigning a risk rating to a loan, management utilizes the Bank’s internal eleven-point risk rating system. An asset is considered “special mention” when it has a potential weakness based on objective evidence, but does not currently expose the Company to sufficient risk to warrant classification in one of the following categories:
•Substandard: An asset is classified “substandard” if it is not adequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or the collateral pledged, if any. Substandard assets have well defined weaknesses based on objective evidence, and are characterized by the distinct possibility that the Company will sustain some loss, if noted deficiencies are not corrected.
•Doubtful: Assets classified as “doubtful” have all of the weaknesses inherent in those classified as “substandard”, with the added characteristic that the identified weaknesses make collection or liquidation-in-full improbable, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions, and values.
Charge-offs of loans to reduce the loan to its recoverable value that are solely collateral dependent, generally occur immediately upon confirmation of the partial loss amount. Loans that are cash flow dependent are modeled to reflect the expected cash flows through expected loan maturity, including any proceeds from refinancing or principal curtailment. A specific reserve is established for the amount by which the net investment in the loan exceeds the present value of discounted cash flows. Charge-offs on cash flow dependent loans also generally occur immediately upon confirmation of the partial loss amount.
If either type of loan is classified as “Loss”, meaning full loss on the loan is expected, the full balance of the loan receivable is charged off, regardless of the potential recovery from a sale of the underlying collateral. Any amount that may be recovered on the sale of collateral underlying a loan is recognized as a “recovery” in the period in which the collateral is sold. In accordance with Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council published policies establishing uniform criteria for the classification of retail credit based on delinquency status, “Open-end” and “Closed-end” credits are charged off when 180 days and 120 days delinquent, respectively. Loans receivable that are part of the unsecured loan purchase program are charged-off in full when the loan is 90 days past due.
The allowance for loan losses may increase to reflect the decline in the performance of the loan portfolio and the higher level of incurred losses.
PATRIOT NATIONAL BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to consolidated financial statements
Loan Portfolio Aging Analysis
The following tables summarize performing and non-performing (i.e., non-accruing) loans receivable by portfolio segment, by aging category, by delinquency status as of December 31, 2022.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| (In thousands) | Performing (Accruing) Loans | | | | |
| As of December 31, 2022: | 30 - 59
Days
Past Due | | 60 - 89
Days
Past Due | | 90 Days
or
Greater
Past Due | | Total
Past Due | | Current | | Total
Performing
Loans | | Non-
accruing
Loans | | Loans
Receivable
Gross |
| Loan portfolio segment: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Commercial Real Estate: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Pass | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 401,313 | | | $ | 401,313 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 401,313 | |
| Special mention | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 24,559 | | | 24,559 | | | — | | | 24,559 | |
| Substandard | 330 | | | — | | | — | | | 330 | | | — | | | 330 | | | 11,241 | | | 11,571 | |
| 330 | | | — | | | — | | | 330 | | | 425,872 | | | 426,202 | | | 11,241 | | | 437,443 | |
| Residential Real Estate: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Pass | 330 | | | — | | | — | | | 330 | | | 120,715 | | | 121,045 | | | — | | | 121,045 | |
| Special mention | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 625 | | | 625 | | | — | | | 625 | |
| Substandard | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 2,470 | | | 2,470 | |
| 330 | | | — | | | — | | | 330 | | | 121,340 | | | 121,670 | | | 2,470 | | | 124,140 | |
| Commercial and Industrial: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Pass | 2 | | | — | | | 230 | | | 232 | | | 131,092 | | | 131,324 | | | — | | | 131,324 | |
| Special mention | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 597 | | | 597 | | | — | | | 597 | |
| Substandard | 1,488 | | | 412 | | | — | | | 1,900 | | | 133 | | | 2,033 | | | 4,833 | | | 6,866 | |
| 1,490 | | | 412 | | | 230 | | | 2,132 | | | 131,822 | | | 133,954 | | | 4,833 | | | 138,787 | |
| Consumer and Other: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Pass | 929 | | | 3,175 | | | 925 | | | 5,029 | | | 135,990 | | | 141,019 | | | — | | | 141,019 | |
| Substandard | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 23 | | | 23 | | | 49 | | | 72 | |
| 929 | | | 3,175 | | | 925 | | | 5,029 | | | 136,013 | | | 141,042 | | | 49 | | | 141,091 | |
| Construction: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Pass | 895 | | | — | | | — | | | 895 | | | 3,503 | | | 4,398 | | | — | | | 4,398 | |
| Special mention | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 524 | | | 524 | | | — | | | 524 | |
| 895 | | — | | — | | — | | — | | — | | 895 | | — | | 4,027 | | — | | 4,922 | | | — | | | 4,922 | |
| Construction to Permanent -CRE: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Pass | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 1,933 | | | 1,933 | | | — | | | 1,933 | |
| — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 1,933 | | | 1,933 | | | — | | | 1,933 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Total | $ | 3,974 | | | $ | 3,587 | | | $ | 1,155 | | | $ | 8,716 | | | $ | 821,007 | | | $ | 829,723 | | | $ | 18,593 | | | $ | 848,316 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Loans receivable, gross: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Pass | 2,156 | | | 3,175 | | | 1,155 | | | 6,486 | | | 794,546 | | | 801,032 | | | — | | | 801,032 | |
| Special mention | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 26,305 | | | 26,305 | | | — | | | 26,305 | |
| Substandard | 1,818 | | | 412 | | | — | | | 2,230 | | | 156 | | | 2,386 | | | 18,593 | | | 20,979 | |
| Loans receivable, gross | $ | 3,974 | | | $ | 3,587 | | | $ | 1,155 | | | $ | 8,716 | | | $ | 821,007 | | | $ | 829,723 | | | $ | 18,593 | | | $ | 848,316 | |
PATRIOT NATIONAL BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to consolidated financial statements
The following tables summarize performing and non-performing (i.e., non-accruing) loans receivable by portfolio segment, by aging category, by delinquency status as of December 31, 2021.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| (In thousands) | Performing (Accruing) Loans | | | | |
| As of December 31, 2021: | 30 - 59 Days
Past Due | | 60 - 89 Days
Past Due | | 90 Days
or
Greater Past
Due | | Total
Past Due | | Current | | Total
Performing
Loans | | Non-accruing
Loans | | Loans
Receivable
Gross |
| Loan portfolio segment: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Commercial Real Estate: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Pass | $ | 696 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 696 | | | $ | 324,858 | | | $ | 325,554 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 325,554 | |
| Special mention | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 16,625 | | | 16,625 | | | — | | | 16,625 | |
| Substandard | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 7,364 | | | 7,364 | | | 15,704 | | | 23,068 | |
| 696 | | | — | | | — | | | 696 | | | 348,847 | | | 349,543 | | | 15,704 | | | 365,247 | |
| Residential Real Estate: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Pass | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 154,044 | | | 154,044 | | | — | | | 154,044 | |
| Special mention | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 1,399 | | | 1,399 | | | — | | | 1,399 | |
| Substandard | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 3,148 | | | 3,148 | |
| — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 155,443 | | | 155,443 | | | 3,148 | | | 158,591 | |
| Commercial and Industrial: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Pass | 243 | | | — | | | — | | | 243 | | | 114,306 | | | 114,549 | | | — | | | 114,549 | |
| Special mention | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 1,951 | | | 1,951 | | | — | | | 1,951 | |
| Substandard | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 2,209 | | | 2,209 | | | 4,101 | | | 6,310 | |
| 243 | | | — | | | — | | | 243 | | | 118,466 | | | 118,709 | | | 4,101 | | | 122,810 | |
| Consumer and Other: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Pass | — | | | 26 | | | 2 | | | 28 | | | 59,171 | | | 59,199 | | | — | | | 59,199 | |
| Substandard | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 23 | | | 23 | | | 142 | | | 165 | |
| — | | | 26 | | | 2 | | | 28 | | | 59,194 | | | 59,222 | | | 142 | | | 59,364 | |
| Construction: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Pass | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 21,781 | | | 21,781 | | | — | | | 21,781 | |
| — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 21,781 | | | 21,781 | | | — | | | 21,781 | |
| Construction to Permanent - CRE: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Pass | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 11,695 | | | 11,695 | | | — | | | 11,695 | |
| — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 11,695 | | | 11,695 | | | — | | | 11,695 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Total | $ | 939 | | | $ | 26 | | | $ | 2 | | | $ | 967 | | | $ | 715,426 | | | $ | 716,393 | | | $ | 23,095 | | | $ | 739,488 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Loans receivable, gross: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Pass | $ | 939 | | | $ | 26 | | | $ | 2 | | | $ | 967 | | | $ | 685,855 | | | $ | 686,822 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 686,822 | |
| Special mention | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 19,975 | | | 19,975 | | | — | | | 19,975 | |
| Substandard | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 9,596 | | | 9,596 | | | 23,095 | | | 32,691 | |
| Loans receivable, gross | $ | 939 | | | $ | 26 | | | $ | 2 | | | $ | 967 | | | $ | 715,426 | | | $ | 716,393 | | | $ | 23,095 | | | $ | 739,488 | |
PATRIOT NATIONAL BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to consolidated financial statements
The following tables summarize non-performing (i.e., non-accruing) loans by aging category and status, within the applicable loan portfolio segment as of December 31, 2022 and 2021:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| (In thousands) | Non-accruing Loans | | |
| 30 - 59
Days
Past Due | | 60 - 89
Days
Past Due | | 90 Days or
Greater Past
Due | | Total
Past Due | | Current | | Total
Non-accruing
Loans |
| As of December 31, 2022: | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Loan portfolio segment: | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Commercial Real Estate: | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Substandard | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 11,241 | | | $ | 11,241 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 11,241 | |
| Residential Real Estate: | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Substandard | 657 | | | — | | | 1,796 | | | 2,453 | | | 17 | | | 2,470 | |
| Commercial and Industrial: | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Substandard | 46 | | | 395 | | | 3,196 | | | 3,637 | | | 1,196 | | | 4,833 | |
| Consumer and Other: | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Substandard | — | | | — | | | 27 | | | 27 | | | 22 | | | 49 | |
| Total non-accruing loans | $ | 703 | | | $ | 395 | | | $ | 16,260 | | | $ | 17,358 | | | $ | 1,235 | | | $ | 18,593 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| As of December 31, 2021: | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Loan portfolio segment: | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Commercial Real Estate: | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Substandard | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 15,704 | | | $ | 15,704 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 15,704 | |
| Residential Real Estate: | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Substandard | — | | | — | | | 2,419 | | | 2,419 | | | 729 | | | 3,148 | |
| Commercial and Industrial: | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Substandard | — | | | 491 | | | 2,458 | | | 2,949 | | | 1,152 | | | 4,101 | |
| Consumer and Other: | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Substandard | — | | | 94 | | | 28 | | | 122 | | | 20 | | | 142 | |
| Total non-accruing loans | $ | — | | | $ | 585 | | | $ | 20,609 | | | $ | 21,194 | | | $ | 1,901 | | | $ | 23,095 | |
If non-accrual loans had been performing in accordance with the original contractual terms, additional interest income (net of cash collected) of approximately $372,000, $802,000, and $904,000 would have been recognized in income for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, respectively.
Interest income collected and recognized on non-accruing loans for the year ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 was $329,000, $377,000 and $156,000, respectively.
The accrual of interest on loans is discontinued at the time the loan is 90 days past due for payment unless the loan is well-secured and in process of collection. Consumer installment loans are typically charged off no later than 180 days past due. Past due status is based on contractual terms of the loan. In all cases, loans are placed on non-accrual status or charged-off, at an earlier date, if collection of principal or interest is considered doubtful.
PATRIOT NATIONAL BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to consolidated financial statements
All interest accrued, but not collected for loans that are placed on non-accrual status or charged off, is reversed against interest income. The interest on these loans is accounted for on the cash-basis method until qualifying for return to accrual status. Loans are returned to accrual status when all the principal and interest amounts contractually due are brought current, future payments are reasonably assured, after at least six months of timely payment history. Management considers all non-accrual loans and Trouble Debt Restructurings (“TDR”) for impaired loans. In most cases, loan payments that are past due less than 90 days, well-secured, and in the process of collection are not considered impaired. The Bank considers consumer installment loans to be pools of smaller homogeneous loan balances, which are collectively evaluated for impairment.
Troubled Debt Restructurings (“TDR”)
On a case-by-case basis, Patriot may agree to modify the contractual terms of a borrower’s loan to assist customers who may be experiencing financial difficulty. If the borrower is experiencing financial difficulties and a concession has been made, the loan is classified as a TDR.
Substantially all TDR loan modifications involve lowering the monthly payments on such loans through either a reduction in interest rate below market rate, an extension of the term of the loan, or a combination of adjusting these two contractual attributes. TDR loan modifications may also result in the forgiveness of principal or accrued interest. In addition, when modifying commercial loans, Patriot frequently obtains additional collateral or guarantor support. If the borrower has performed under the existing contractual terms of the loan and Patriot’s underwriters determine that the borrower has the capacity to continue to perform under the terms of the TDR, the loan continues accruing interest. Non-accruing TDRs may be returned to accrual status when there has been a sustained period of performance (generally six consecutive months of payments) and both principal and interest are reasonably assured of collection.
The following table summarizes the recorded investment in TDRs as of December 31, 2022 and 2021:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| (In thousands) | December 31, 2022 | | December 31, 2021 |
| Loan portfolio segment: | Number of
Loans | | Recorded
Investment | | Number of
Loans | | Recorded
Investment |
| Commercial Real Estate | 1 | | $ | 8,806 | | | 1 | | $ | 8,884 | |
| Residential Real Estate | 3 | | 814 | | | 3 | | 870 | |
| | | | | | | |
| Consumer and Other | 2 | | 537 | | | 3 | | 640 | |
| Total TDR Loans | 6 | | 10,157 | | | 7 | | 10,394 | |
| Less: | | | | | | | |
| TDRs included in non-accrual loans | 2 | | (9,464) | | | 3 | | (9,688) | |
| Total accrual TDR Loans | 4 | | $ | 693 | | | 4 | | $ | 706 | |
During the year ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, no loans were modified as TDRs, and there were no defaults of TDRs.
The following loans were modified as TDR during the year ended December 31, 2020.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | Outstanding Recorded Investment |
| (In thousands) | | | | | | | Pre-Modification | | | | Post-Modification |
| Year Ended December 31, | | | 2020 | | | | 2020 | | | | 2020 |
| Loan portfolio segment: | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Commercial Real Estate | | | 2 | | | | $ | 822 | | | | | $ | 819 | |
| Commercial and Industrial | | | 1 | | | | 4,000 | | | | | 4,000 | |
| Consumer and Other | | | 3 | | | | 413 | | | | | 414 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| Total TDR Loans | | | 6 | | | | $ | 5,235 | | | | | $ | 5,233 | |
PATRIOT NATIONAL BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to consolidated financial statements
The following table provides information on how loans were modified as TDRs during the year ended December 31, 2020.
| | | | | | | |
| (In thousands) | Year Ended December 31, | | |
| 2020 | | |
| Rate reduction | $ | 4,819 | | | |
| Extension of interest only period | 121 | | | |
| Payment deferral | 293 | | | |
| | | |
| Total | $ | 5,233 | | | |
The loans modified in a TDR often involve reducing the interest rate for the remaining term of the loan, extending the maturity date at an interest rate lower than the current market rate for new debt with similar risk, extending payment periods for the interest and /or principal, or substituting or adding a co-borrower or guarantor.
At December 31, 2022 and 2021, there were no commitments to advance additional funds under TDRs. The balances reflected here as TDR’s are also included in the non-accruing loan balance included in the prior table - Loan Portfolio Aging Analysis.
Impaired Loans
Impaired loans may consist of non-accrual loans and/or performing and non-performing TDRs. As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, based on the on-going monitoring and analysis of the loan portfolio, impaired loans of $19.3 million and $23.8 million, respectively, were identified, for which $6.0 million and $2.3 million specific reserves were established, respectively.
At December 31, 2022, exposure to the impaired loans was related to thirty-two borrowers. Twenty-one out of thirty-two impaired loans were individually evaluated for impairment, and the remaining eleven impaired loans with balances under $100,000, totaling $371,000, with a general reserve of $2,000 were collectively evaluated, and not individually evaluated for impairment.
At December 31, 2021, exposure to the impaired loans was related to thirty-four borrowers. Twenty-three out of thirty-four impaired loans were individually evaluated for impairment, and the remaining eleven impaired loans with balances under $100,000, totaling $590,000, with a general reserve of $7,000 were collectively evaluated, and not individually evaluated for impairment.
For collateral dependent loans, appraisal reports of the underlying collateral, have been obtained from independent licensed appraisal firms. For non-performing loans, the independently determined appraised values were first reduced by a 5.8% discount to reflect the Bank’s experience selling Other Real Estate Owned (OREO) properties, and were further reduced by 8% in selling costs, in order to estimate the potential loss, if any, that may eventually be realized. Performing loans are monitored to determine when, if at all, additional loan loss reserves may be required for a loss of underlying collateral value. For cash flow dependent loans, the Bank determined the reserve based on the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan's effective interest rate.
Loans not requiring specific reserves had fair values exceeding the total recorded investment, supporting the net investment in the loan which includes principal balance, unamortized fees and costs and accrued interest, if any. Once a borrower is in default, Patriot is under no obligation to advance additional funds on unused commitments.
PATRIOT NATIONAL BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to consolidated financial statements
The following table reflects information about the impaired loans by class as of December 31, 2022 and 2021:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| (In thousands) | December 31, 2022 | | December 31, 2021 |
| Recorded
Investment | | Principal
Outstanding | | Related
Allowance | | Recorded
Investment | | Principal
Outstanding | | Related
Allowance |
| With no related allowance recorded: | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Commercial Real Estate | $ | 2,435 | | | $ | 2,428 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 6,820 | | | $ | 7,776 | | | $ | — | |
| Residential Real Estate | 2,402 | | | 2,224 | | | — | | | 2,847 | | | 2,763 | | | — | |
| Commercial and Industrial | 1,939 | | | 2,424 | | | — | | | 630 | | | 758 | | | — | |
| Consumer and Other | 514 | | | 514 | | | — | | | 523 | | | 523 | | | — | |
| 7,290 | | | 7,590 | | | — | | | 10,820 | | | 11,820 | | | — | |
| With a related allowance recorded: | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Commercial Real Estate | $ | 8,806 | | | $ | 8,656 | | | $ | 5,430 | | | $ | 8,884 | | | $ | 8,811 | | | $ | 1,567 | |
| Residential Real Estate | 223 | | | 221 | | | 6 | | | 461 | | | 488 | | | 8 | |
| Commercial and Industrial | 2,895 | | | 3,052 | | | 609 | | | 3,471 | | | 3,916 | | | 723 | |
| Consumer and Other | 73 | | | 74 | | | — | | | 166 | | | 201 | | | 1 | |
| 11,997 | | | 12,003 | | | 6,045 | | | 12,982 | | | 13,416 | | | 2,299 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| Impaired Loans, Total: | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Commercial Real Estate | $ | 11,241 | | | $ | 11,084 | | | $ | 5,430 | | | $ | 15,704 | | | $ | 16,587 | | | $ | 1,567 | |
| Residential Real Estate | 2,625 | | | 2,445 | | | 6 | | | 3,308 | | | 3,251 | | | 8 | |
| Commercial and Industrial | 4,834 | | | 5,476 | | | 609 | | | 4,101 | | | 4,674 | | | 723 | |
| Consumer and Other | 587 | | | 588 | | | — | | | 689 | | | 724 | | | 1 | |
| Impaired Loans, Total | $ | 19,287 | | | $ | 19,593 | | | $ | 6,045 | | | $ | 23,802 | | | $ | 25,236 | | | $ | 2,299 | |
PATRIOT NATIONAL BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to consolidated financial statements
For each year in the three-year period ended December 31, 2022, the average recorded investment in and interest income recognized on impaired loans without and with a related allowance, by loan portfolio segment, was as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Year Ended December 31, |
| (In thousands) | 2022 | | 2021 | | 2020 |
| Average
Recorded
Investment | | Interest
Income
Recognized | | Average
Recorded
Investment | | Interest
Income
Recognized | | Average
Recorded
Investment | | Interest
Income
Recognized |
| With no related allowance recorded: | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Commercial Real Estate | $ | 6,621 | | | $ | 87 | | | $ | 7,636 | | | $ | 103 | | | $ | 5,859 | | | $ | 39 | |
| Residential Real Estate | 3,452 | | | 34 | | | 4,014 | | | 51 | | | 3,681 | | | 28 | |
| Commercial and Industrial | 565 | | | 63 | | | 2,548 | | | 12 | | | 2,111 | | | 79 | |
| Consumer and Other | 342 | | | 23 | | | 702 | | | 16 | | | 1,132 | | | 47 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| 10,980 | | | 207 | | | 14,900 | | | 182 | | | 12,783 | | | 193 | |
| With a related allowance recorded: | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Commercial Real Estate | $ | 7,096 | | | $ | 113 | | | $ | 8,869 | | | $ | 66 | | | $ | 8,861 | | | $ | 35 | |
| Residential Real Estate | 518 | | | 8 | | | 428 | | | 21 | | | 34 | | | 7 | |
| Commercial and Industrial | 3,365 | | | 29 | | | 2,239 | | | 126 | | | — | | | — | |
| Consumer and Other | 342 | | | 4 | | | 106 | | | 7 | | | 39 | | | — | |
| 11,321 | | | 154 | | | 11,642 | | | 220 | | | 8,934 | | | 42 | |
| Impaired Loans, Total: | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Commercial Real Estate | $ | 13,717 | | | $ | 200 | | | $ | 16,505 | | | $ | 169 | | | $ | 14,720 | | | $ | 74 | |
| Residential Real Estate | 3,970 | | | 42 | | | 4,442 | | | 72 | | | 3,715 | | | 35 | |
| Commercial and Industrial | 3,930 | | | 92 | | | 4,787 | | | 138 | | | 2,111 | | | 79 | |
| Consumer and Other | 684 | | | 27 | | | 808 | | | 23 | | | 1,171 | | | 47 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| Impaired Loans, Total | $ | 22,301 | | | $ | 361 | | | $ | 26,542 | | | $ | 402 | | | $ | 21,717 | | | $ | 235 | |
PATRIOT NATIONAL BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to consolidated financial statements
Note 5. Loans Held for Sale
SBA loans held for sale represent the guaranteed portion of SBA loans originated and are reflected at the lower of aggregate cost or market value. There were $5.2 million of SBA loans held for sale at December 31, 2022, consisting of $3.1 million SBA commercial and industrial loans and $2.1 million SBA commercial real estate loans. As of December 31, 2021, SBA loans held for sale totaled $3.1 million, consisting of $2.6 million of SBA commercial and industrial loans and $562,000 SBA commercial real estate loans. During 2022 and 2021, $274,000 and $281,000 SBA loans previously classified as held for sale were transferred to held for investment, respectively.
In September 2020, one commercial and industrial loan of $5.0 million was reclassified from loans held for investment to loans held for sale. The loan was sold in October 2020 which resulted in proceeds of $5.0 million. No held of investment loan was reclassified to held of sale during 2022 and 2021.
The Company generally sells the guaranteed portion of its SBA loans to a third party and retains the servicing, holding the unguaranteed portion in its portfolio. When sales of SBA loans do occur, the premium received on the sale and the present value of future cash flows of the servicing assets, less the discount of the retained portion of the loan are recognized in income.
Servicing assets represent the estimated fair value of retained servicing rights, net of servicing costs, at the time loans are sold. Servicing assets are amortized in proportion to, and over the period of, estimated net servicing revenues. Impairment will be evaluated based on stratifying the underlying financial assets by date of origination and term. Fair value is determined using prices for similar assets with similar characteristics, when available, or based upon discounted cash flows using market-based assumptions. Any impairment, if temporary, would be reported as a valuation allowance.
Serviced loans sold to others are not included in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. The total amount of such loans serviced, but owned by third party, amounted to approximately $47.3 million and $29.6 million at December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the servicing asset has a carrying value of $886,000 and $584,000, respectively, and fair value of $1.0 million and $617,000 respectively. Income and fees collected for loan servicing are credited to non-interest income when earned, net of amortization on the related servicing assets.
The following table presents an analysis of the activity in the SBA servicing assets for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| (In thousands) | Year Ended December 31, |
| 2022 | | 2021 | | 2020 |
| Beginning balance | $ | 584 | | | $ | 316 | | | $ | 201 | |
| Servicing rights capitalized | 400 | | | 335 | | | 137 | |
| Servicing rights amortized | (87) | | | (22) | | | (22) | |
| Servicing rights disposed | (11) | | | (45) | | | — | |
| Ending balance | $ | 886 | | | $ | 584 | | | $ | 316 | |
The servicing assets are included in the other assets on the consolidated balance sheet.
PATRIOT NATIONAL BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to consolidated financial statements
Note 6. Premises and Equipment
At December 31, 2022 and 2021, premises and equipment consisted of the following:
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| (In thousands) | December 31, |
| 2022 | | 2021 |
| Land | $ | 12,819 | | | $ | 12,819 | |
| Buildings | 19,046 | | | 19,046 | |
| Leasehold Improvements | 3,058 | | | 3,058 | |
| Furniture, equipment, and software | 12,674 | | | 12,264 | |
| Construction-in-progress | 69 | | | 65 | |
| Premises and equipment, gross | 47,666 | | | 47,252 | |
| Accumulated depreciation and amortization | (17,025) | | | (15,752) | |
| Premises and equipment, net | $ | 30,641 | | | $ | 31,500 | |
In 2021, the Bank sold a building located in the City New Haven, Connecticut for a cash proceed of $1.5 million, and recognized a gain of $550,000, which is included in other income of the consolidated statements of operations. No property was sold in 2022. For the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, depreciation and amortization expense related to premises and equipment totaled $1.3 million, $1.4 million, and $1.5 million, respectively.
Note 7. Other Real Estate Owned (“OREO”)
The OREO balance consists of foreclosed residential properties from loans receivable that were marketed for sale. As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, no OREO was recorded. The following table presents an analysis of the activity in OREO for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| (In thousands) | Year Ended December 31, |
| 2022 | | 2021 | | 2020 |
| Beginning balance | $ | — | | | $ | 1,906 | | | $ | 2,400 | |
| Additions | — | | | — | | | — | |
| Sold | — | | | (1,906) | | | (446) | |
| Write-downs | — | | | — | | | (48) | |
| Ending balance | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 1,906 | |
All OREO were sold prior to December 31, 2021. Patriot recognized a gain of $2,000 on the sale of OREO for the year ended December 31, 2021. For the year ended December 31, 2020, Patriot recorded losses on sales of OREO properties of $69,000. The recognized gain and losses are included in the other operating expenses on the consolidated statements of operations.
PATRIOT NATIONAL BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to consolidated financial statements
Note 8. Business Combination, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
Acquisition of Prime Bank
The Company’s acquisitions are accounted for under the acquisition method of accounting in accordance with ASC 805, Business Combinations. Both the purchased assets and liabilities assumed are recorded at their respective acquisition date fair values. Determining the fair value of assets and liabilities, especially the loan portfolio, is a complicated process involving significant judgment regarding methods and assumptions used to calculate estimated fair values. At date of acquisition fair values are generally preliminary and subject to refinement for up to one year after the closing date of the acquisition as additional information regarding fair values becomes available.
On May 10, 2018, the Company completed its acquisition of Prime Bank, a Connecticut bank headquartered in Orange, CT. The closing of the transaction added a new Patriot branch located in the Town of Orange, New Haven County, Connecticut.
Information on goodwill for the year ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 is as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Year Ended December 31, |
| (In thousands) | 2022 | | 2021 | | 2020 |
| Balance, beginning of period | $ | 1,107 | | | $ | 1,107 | | | $ | 1,107 | |
| | | | | |
| Balance, end of period | $ | 1,107 | | | $ | 1,107 | | | $ | 1,107 | |
Goodwill is evaluated for impairment annually or whenever we identify certain triggering events or circumstances that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of a reporting unit below its carrying amount. Events or circumstances that might indicate an interim evaluation is warranted include, among other things, unexpected adverse business conditions, macro and reporting unit specific economic factors, supply costs, unanticipated competitive activities, and acts by governments and courts.
Management estimates the fair value of the reporting unit by considering multiple valuation techniques, which include subjective assumptions about the future cash flows of the Company, assumptions within the capitalization rate, valuation multiples, and market data used. The fair value of each reporting unit is compared to the carrying amount of such reporting unit in order to determine if impairment is indicated.
The Company performed a quantitative assessment as of October 31, 2022, the Company’s annual goodwill impairment measurement date, and concluded that the goodwill was not impaired as of December 31, 2022.
CDI was recorded as part of the Prime Bank business combination in May 2018. The CDI is amortized over a 10-year period using the straight-line method. For the year ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 the amortization was $47,000, $47,000 and 74,000, respectively. The Company performed a quantitative assessment for CDI as of October 31, 2022, and concluded that the CDI was not impaired as of December 31, 2022. The amortization expense and impairment charge were included in the other operating expenses on the consolidated statements of operations.
The table below provides information regarding the carrying amounts and accumulated amortization of amortized intangible assets as of the dates set forth below.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| (In thousands) | As of December 31, |
| 2022 | | 2021 |
| Gross carrying amount | $ | 748 | | | $ | 748 | |
| Accumulated amortization | (293) | | | (246) | |
| Impairment | (206) | | | (206) | |
| Net carrying amount | $ | 249 | | | $ | 296 | |
PATRIOT NATIONAL BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to consolidated financial statements
Merger and acquisition with American Challenger
On November 15, 2021, the Company and American Challenger Development Corp., a Delaware corporation (“American Challenger”), entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger (the “Original Merger Agreement”), which was subsequently amended on January 26, 2022 and February 28, 2022 (the Original Merger Agreement, as amended, referred to as the “Merger Agreement”).
On July 18, 2022, Patriot and American Challenger entered into a Termination and Release Agreement pursuant to which the parties mutually agreed to terminate the Merger Agreement. The parties mutually determined that not all closing conditions of the Merger Agreement could be satisfied under the current structure and agreement. In connection with the merger, the Company has recognized expenses of $1.9 million for the full year ended December 31, 2021 and $112,000 for the year ended December 31, 2022.
Note 9. Deposits
The following table presents the balance of deposits held, by category, and the related weighted average stated interest rate as of December 31, 2022 and 2021.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| December 31, 2022 | | December 31, 2021 |
| (In thousands) | Balance | | Weighted Avg.
Stated Interest Rate | | Balance | | Weighted Avg.
Stated Interest Rate |
| Non-interest bearing | $ | 269,636 | | | — | | | $ | 226,713 | | | — | |
| | | | | | | |
| Interest bearing: | | | | | | | |
| Negotiable order of withdrawal accounts | 34,440 | | | 0.07 | % | | 34,741 | | | 0.07 | % |
| Savings | 71,002 | | | 0.61 | % | | 109,744 | | | 0.13 | % |
| Money market | 211,000 | | | 1.38 | % | | 164,518 | | | 0.23 | % |
| Certificates of deposit, less than $250,000 | 165,793 | | | 1.72 | % | | 142,246 | | | 0.35 | % |
| Certificates of deposit, $250,000 or greater | 59,877 | | | 1.72 | % | | 53,584 | | | 0.40 | % |
| Brokered deposits | 48,698 | | | 2.07 | % | | 17,016 | | | 1.05 | % |
| | | | | | | |
| Interest bearing, Total | 590,810 | | | 1.40 | % | | 521,849 | | | 0.27 | % |
| | | | | | | |
| Total Deposits | $ | 860,446 | | | 0.96 | % | | $ | 748,562 | | | 0.19 | % |
On July 22, 2020, the Company completed the purchase of prepaid debit card deposits of $50.0 million from a prominent national provider and processor of prepaid debit cards for corporate, consumer and government clients. The prepaid debit card deposits are included in the non-interest-bearing deposits and money market deposits, which totaled approximately $197.3 million and $150.4 million as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
PATRIOT NATIONAL BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to consolidated financial statements
The following table presents interest expense, by deposit category, and the related weighted average effective interest rate for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2022.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| (In thousands) | Year ended December 31, |
| 2022 | | 2021 | | 2020 |
| Interest
Expense | | Weighted
Avg. Effective
Interest Rate | | Interest
Expense | | Weighted
Avg. Effective
Interest Rate | | Interest
Expense | | Weighted
Avg. Effective
Interest Rate |
| Negotiable order of withdrawal accounts | $ | 23 | | | 0.07 | % | | $ | 24 | | | 0.07 | % | | $ | 23 | | | 0.07 | % |
| Savings | 1,028 | | | 1.02 | % | | 238 | | | 0.22 | % | | 426 | | | 0.54 | % |
| Money market | 1,973 | | | 1.09 | % | | 449 | | | 0.30 | % | | 1,451 | | | 1.05 | % |
| Certificates of deposit, less than $250,000 | 1,411 | | | 0.79 | % | | 899 | | | 0.61 | % | | 3,227 | | | 1.75 | % |
| Certificates of deposit, $250,000 or greater | 400 | | | 0.68 | % | | 270 | | | 0.49 | % | | 1,188 | | | 1.95 | % |
| Brokered deposits | 465 | | | 1.39 | % | | 363 | | | 1.83 | % | | 2,839 | | | 1.88 | % |
| $ | 5,300 | | | 0.93 | % | | $ | 2,243 | | | 0.43 | % | | $ | 9,154 | | | 1.43 | % |
As of December 31, 2022, contractual maturities of Certificates of Deposit (“CDs”) and brokered deposits are summarized as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| (In thousands) | CDs
less than
$250,000 | | CDs
$250,000
or greater | | Brokered
Deposits | | Total |
| | | | | | | |
| 1 year or less | $ | 119,299 | | | $ | 49,789 | | | $ | 43,589 | | | $ | 212,677 | |
| More than 1 year through 2 years | 22,200 | | | 7,581 | | | 4,609 | | | 34,390 | |
| More than 2 years through 3 years | 11,588 | | | 2,507 | | | 500 | | | 14,595 | |
| More than 3 years through 4 years | 1,051 | | | — | | | — | | | 1,051 | |
| More than 4 years through 5 years | 11,655 | | | — | | | — | | | 11,655 | |
| | | | | | | |
| $ | 165,793 | | | $ | 59,877 | | | $ | 48,698 | | | $ | 274,368 | |
PATRIOT NATIONAL BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to consolidated financial statements
Note 10. Borrowings
As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, total borrowings were $115.2 million and $120.7 million, respectively. Borrowings consist primarily of FHLB advances, senior notes, subordinated notes, junior subordinated debentures and a note payable.
The senior notes, subordinated notes, junior subordinated debentures contain affirmative covenants that require the Company to: maintain its and its subsidiaries’ legal entity and tax status, pay its income tax obligations on a timely basis, and comply with SEC and FDIC reporting requirements.
Federal Home Loan Bank borrowings
The Company is a member of the Federal Home Loan Bank of Boston ("FHLB-B"). Borrowings from the FHLB-B are limited to a percentage of the value of qualified collateral, as defined on the FHLB-B Statement of Products Policy. Qualified collateral, as defined, primarily consists of mortgage-backed securities and loans receivable that are required to be free and clear of liens and encumbrances, and may not be pledged for any other purposes. As of December 31, 2022, the Bank had $67.2 million of available borrowing capacity from the FHLB-B.
FHLB-B advances are structured to facilitate the Bank’s management of its balance sheet and liquidity requirements. At December 31, 2022 and 2021, outstanding advances from the FHLB-B aggregated $85.0 million and $90.0 million, respectively.
At December 31, 2022, FHLB-B advances of $85.0 million outstanding bore fixed rates of interest ranging from 2.40% to 4.37% with maturities ranging from 6 days to 1.71 years, and have a weighted average interest rate of 3.69%.
At December 31, 2022, collateral for FHLB-B borrowings consisted of a mixture of real estate loans and securities with book value of $233.5 million. Remaining borrowing capacity under this line totaled $67.2 million at December 31, 2022.
In addition, Patriot has a $2.0 million revolving line of credit with the FHLB-B. At December 31, 2022 and 2021, no funds had been borrowed under the line of credit.
Interest expense incurred for FHLB-B borrowing for the year ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 were $3.5 million, $3.0 million and $2.7 million, respectively.
Correspondent Bank - Lines of Credit
Patriot has entered into unsecured federal funds sweep and federal funds line of credit facility agreements with certain correspondent Banks. As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, borrowings available under the agreements totaled $24.5 million and $5 million, respectively. The purpose of the agreements is to provide a credit facility intended to satisfy overnight federal account balance requirements and to provide for daily settlement of FRB, ACH, and other clearinghouse transactions.
There was no outstanding balance under the agreements at December 31, 2022 and 2021. No interest expense incurred in 2022, 2021 and 2020.
Other Borrowing
In August 2020, Patriot was approved to pledge commercial and industrial loans and leases, commercial real estate, construction loans and one-to-four family first lien loans under the Federal Reserve Bank of New York’s (“FRBNY”) Borrower-in-Custody program. As of December 31, 2022, Patriot had pledged eligible loans with a book value of $19.9 million and a collateral value of $13.7 million as collateral to support borrowing capacity at the FRBNY. There was no outstanding balance under the agreements as of December 31, 2022.
Senior notes
On December 22, 2016, the Company issued $12 million of senior notes (“2016 Senior Notes”) bearing interest at 7% per annum. On November 17, 2021, the original maturity date of the Senior Notes were extended from December 22, 2021 to June 30, 2022.
PATRIOT NATIONAL BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to consolidated financial statements
On June 22, 2022, the Company amended and restated the Senior Notes. The maturity date of the Senior Notes were further extended to December 31, 2022, and the interest rate increases from (i) 7% to 7.25% from July 1, 2022 until September 30, 2022 and (ii) from 7.25% to 7.50% thereafter. The Senior Notes were repaid in December 2022.
On December 21, 2022, the Company completed an issuance and sale of $12 million in aggregate principal amount of 8.50% fixed rate Senior Notes due January 15, 2026 (“2022 Senior Notes”). In connection with the issuance of the Senior Notes, the Company incurred $360,000 of costs, which are being amortized over the term of the 2022 Senior Notes to recognize a constant rate of interest expense. As of December 31, 2022, unamortized debt issuance cost of $360,000 was deducted from the face amount of the Senior Notes included in the consolidated balance sheet.
The 2022 Senior Note Purchase Agreement contains certain customary representations, warranties, and covenants made by each of the Company and the Purchasers. The 2022 Senior Notes are not subject to any sinking fund and are not convertible into or exchangeable for any other securities or assets of the Company or any of its subsidiaries. The 2022 Senior Notes are not subject to redemption at the option of the holders. Principal and interest on the 2022 Senior Notes are subject to acceleration only in limited circumstances. The 2022 Senior Notes are an unsecured, unsubordinated obligation and ranks equally in right of payment to all of the Company’s existing and future unsecured indebtedness, liabilities and other obligations that are not subordinated in right of payment to the Senior Note, and will be effectively subordinated to any of the Company’s existing and future secured indebtedness, to the extent of the value of the collateral securing such indebtedness. The 2022 Senior Notes are the obligations of the Company only and are not obligations of, and are not guaranteed by, any of the Company’s affiliates.
For the year ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, the Company recognized interest expense of $866,000, $913,000 and $915,000, respectively, and the debt issuance cost amortization expense was $0, $73,000 and $75,000, respectively. As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, $28,000 and $23,000 of interest has been included in the consolidated balance sheet in accrued expenses and other liabilities, respectively.
Subordinated notes
On June 29, 2018, the Company entered into certain subordinated note purchase agreements with two institutional accredited investors and completed a private placement of $10 million of fixed-to-floating rate subordinated notes with the maturity date of September 30, 2028 (the “Subordinated Notes”) pursuant to Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Rule 506(b) of Regulation D promulgated thereunder.
The Subordinated Notes initially bear interest at 6.25% per annum, from and including June 29, 2018, to but excluding, June 30, 2023, payable semi-annually in arrears. From and including June 30, 2023, until but excluding June 30, 2028 or an early redemption date, the interest rate shall reset quarterly to an interest rate per annum equal to the then current three-month LIBOR (but not less than zero) plus 332.5 basis points, payable quarterly in arrears. The Company may, at its option, beginning on June 30, 2023 and on any scheduled interest payment date thereafter, redeem the Subordinated Notes. Interest on the Subordinated Notes is payable beginning on December 30, 2018.
In connection with the issuance of the Subordinated Notes, the Company incurred $291,000 of debt issuance costs, which are being amortized over the term of the Subordinated Notes to recognize a constant rate of interest expense. At December 31, 2022 and 2021, $160,000 and $189,000 of unamortized debt issuance costs have been deducted from the face amount of the Subordinated Notes included in the consolidated balance sheet, respectively. For the year ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, the Company recognized interest expense of $654,000, $654,000 and $654,000, respectively.
Junior subordinated debt owed to unconsolidated trust
In 2003, the Patriot National Statutory Trust I (“the Trust”), which has no independent assets and is wholly-owned by the Company, issued $8.0 million of trust preferred securities. The proceeds, net of a $240,000 placement fee, were invested in junior subordinated debentures issued by the Company, which invested the proceeds in the Bank. The Bank used the proceeds to fund its operations.
Trust preferred securities currently qualify for up to 25% of the Company’s Tier I Capital, with the excess qualifying as Tier 2 Capital.
PATRIOT NATIONAL BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to consolidated financial statements
The junior subordinated debentures are unsecured obligations of the Company. The debentures are subordinate and junior in right of payment to all present and future senior indebtedness of the Company. In addition to its obligations under the junior subordinated debentures and in conjunction with the Trust, the Company issued an unconditional guarantee of the trust preferred securities.
The junior subordinated debentures bear interest at three-month LIBOR plus 3.15% (7.79% at December 31, 2022) and mature on March 26, 2033, at which time the principal amount borrowed will be due. Beginning in the second quarter of 2009, the Company opted to defer payment of quarterly interest on the junior subordinated debentures for 20 consecutive quarters. In June of 2014, the Company brought the debt current by paying approximately $1.7 million of interest in arrears to the holders of the junior subordinated debentures. On bringing the debt current and, as permitted under the terms of the junior subordinated debentures, the Company again opted to defer payment of quarterly interest through September 2016, when a $0.7 million payment was made to bring the debt current.
The placement fee of $240,000 is amortized and included as a component of the periodic interest expense on the junior subordinated debentures, in order to produce a constant rate of interest expense. For the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, $9,000, $9,000 and $8,000 of debt placement fee amortization has been included in interest expense recognized of $412,000, $279,000 and $337,000, respectively. As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the unamortized placement fee deducted from the face amount of the junior subordinated debt owed to the unconsolidated trust amounted to $120,000 and $129,000, respectively, and accrued interest on the junior subordinated debentures was $9,000 and $4,000, respectively.
At its option, exercisable on a quarterly basis, the Company may redeem the junior subordinated debentures from the Trust, which would then redeem the trust preferred securities.
Note Payable
In September 2015, the Bank purchased the property in which its Fairfield, Connecticut branch is located for approximately $2.0 million, a property it had been leasing until that date. The purchase price was primarily satisfied by issuing the seller a $2.0 million, nine-year, promissory note bearing interest at a fixed rate of 1.75% per annum. As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the note had a balance outstanding of $585,000 and $791,000, respectively. The note matures in August 2024 and requires a balloon payment of approximately $234,000. The note is secured by a first Mortgage Deed and Security Agreement on the purchased property. Interest expenses incurred for the year ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 were $12,000, $15,000 and $19,000, respectively.
PATRIOT NATIONAL BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to consolidated financial statements
Maturity of borrowings
At December 31, 2022, the contractual maturities of the Company’s borrowings in future periods were as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| (In thousands) | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Year ending December 31, | | FHLB
Borrowings | | Senior
Notes | | Subordinated
Notes | | Junior
Subordinated
Debt | | Note
Payable | | Total |
| 2023 | | $ | 55,000 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 210 | | | $ | 55,210 | |
| 2024 | | 30,000 | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 375 | | | 30,375 | |
| 2025 | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
| 2026 | | — | | | 12,000 | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 12,000 | |
| 2027 | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
| Thereafter | | — | | | — | | | 10,000 | | | 8,248 | | | — | | | 18,248 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Total contractual maturities of borrowings | | 85,000 | | | 12,000 | | | 10,000 | | | 8,248 | | | 585 | | | 115,833 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Unamortized debt issuance costs | | — | | | (360) | | | (160) | | | (120) | | | — | | | (640) | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Balance of borrowings as of December 31, 2022 | | $ | 85,000 | | | $ | 11,640 | | | $ | 9,840 | | | $ | 8,128 | | | $ | 585 | | | $ | 115,193 | |
Note 11. Derivatives
Derivatives Not Designated in Hedge Relationships
Patriot is a party to interest rate swaps; derivatives that are not designated as hedging instruments. Under a program, Patriot will execute interest rate swaps with commercial lending customers to facilitate their respective risk management strategies. Patriot entered into total four interest rate swaps (“swaps”) in November 2018 and May 2019. Two swaps are with a loan customer to provide a facility to mitigate the fluctuations in the variable rate on the respective loan. The other two swaps are with an outside third party. The customer interest rate swaps are matched in offsetting terms to the third party interest rate swaps, such that Patriot minimizes its net risk exposure resulting from such transactions. Because the interest rate swaps associated with the program do not meet the strict hedge accounting requirements, changes in the fair value of both the customer swaps and the offsetting swaps are recognized directly in earnings. The changes in the fair value of the swaps offset each other, except for the credit risk of the counterparties, which is determined by taking into consideration the risk rating, probability of default and loss given default for all counterparties. The swaps are reported at fair value in other assets or other liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets.
As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, Patriot had cash pledged for collateral on its interest rate swaps of $0.0 million and $1.4 million, respectively. This collateral is included in other assets on the consolidated balance sheets. Patriot did not recognize any net gain or loss in other non-interest income on the consolidated statements of operations during the year ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020.
PATRIOT NATIONAL BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to consolidated financial statements
Derivatives Designated in Hedge Relationships
Interest rate swaps allow the Company to change the fixed or variable nature of an interest rate without the exchange of the underlying notional amount. In April 2021, Patriot entered into an interest rate swap, which was designated as a cash flow hedge that effectively converted variable-rate receivable into fixed-rate receivable. The Company’s objectives in using the cash flow hedge are to add stability to interest receivable and to manage its exposure to contractually specified interest rate movements. Under the term of the swap contract, the Company hedged the cash flows associated with a pool of 1-month LIBOR floating rate loans by converting a $50 million portion of that pool of loans into fixed rates with the swap. The Bank received fixed and paid floating rate based on 1 month LIBOR for a 7-year rolling period beginning April 29, 2021. A hedging instrument is expected at inception to be highly effective at offsetting changes in the hedged transactions attributable to the changes in the hedged risk. Changes in the fair value of derivatives designated and that qualify as cash flow hedges are recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income and are subsequently reclassified into earnings in the period that the hedged forecasted transaction affects earnings.
In August 2021, the cash flow hedge interest rate swap contract was terminated. During the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company recognized $149,000 of accumulated other comprehensive income that was reclassified into interest income. The swap interest income is included in interest and fees on loans on the consolidated statements of operations. In addition, a gain of $512,000 was recognized from the termination of the interest rate swap cash flow hedge for the year ended December 31, 2021, which was included in other income on the consolidated statements of operations. In 2022, no interest income was recognized.
The Company assesses the effectiveness of each hedging relationship by comparing the changes in cash flows of the derivative hedging instrument with the changes in cash flows of the designated hedged item or transaction. The Company does not offset derivative assets and derivative liabilities for financial statement presentation purposes.
Further discussion of the accounting policy of derivatives is set forth in Note 1, and information about the valuation methods used to measure the fair value of derivatives is provided in Note 21 to the consolidated financial statements.
The following table presents summary information regarding these derivatives for the periods presented (dollars in thousands):
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| (In thousands) | Notional
Amount | | Maturity
(Years) | | Fixed Rate | | Variable
Rate | | Fair Value |
| December 31, 2022 | | | | | | | | | |
| Classified in Other Assets: | | | | | | | | | |
| Customer interest rate swap | $ | 4,736 | | | 6.3 | | 5.25 | % | | 1 Mo. LIBOR + 1.96% | | $ | 106 | |
| Customer interest rate swap | 1,363 | | | 6.5 | | 4.38 | % | | 1 Mo. LIBOR + 2.00% | | 97 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| Classified in Other Liabilities: | | | | | | | | | |
| 3rd party interest rate swap | $ | 4,736 | | | 6.3 | | 5.25 | % | | 1 Mo. LIBOR + 1.96% | | $ | (106) | |
| 3rd party interest rate swap | 1,363 | | | 6.5 | | 4.38 | % | | 1 Mo. LIBOR + 2.00% | | (97) | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| December 31, 2021 | | | | | | | | | |
| Classified in Other Assets: | | | | | | | | | |
| Customer interest rate swap | $ | 4,843 | | | 7.3 | | 5.25 | % | | 1 Mo. LIBOR + 1.96% | | $ | 638 | |
| Customer interest rate swap | 1,398 | | | 7.5 | | 4.38 | % | | 1 Mo. LIBOR + 2.00% | | 100 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| Classified in Other Liabilities: | | | | | | | | | |
| 3rd party interest rate swap | $ | 4,843 | | | 7.3 | | 5.25 | % | | 1 Mo. LIBOR + 1.96% | | $ | (638) | |
| 3rd party interest rate swap | 1,398 | | | 7.5 | | 4.38 | % | | 1 Mo. LIBOR + 2.00% | | (100) | |
PATRIOT NATIONAL BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to consolidated financial statements
For the year ended December 31, 2021, changes in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income related to interest rate derivatives designated as hedges of cash flows were as follows:
| | | | | |
| (In thousands) | Year Ended
December 31, 2021 |
| Interest rate swap designated as cash flow hedge: | |
| Unrealized gain recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income before reclassifications | $ | 149 | |
| Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income | (149) | |
| Other comprehensive income | $ | — | |
The above unrealized gains and losses are reflective of market interest rates as of the respective balance sheet dates. Generally, lower long-term interest rates will result in a positive impact to comprehensive income whereas higher long-term interest rates will result in a negative impact to comprehensive income.
Note 12. Leases
A lease is defined as a contract, or part of a contract, that conveys the right to control the use of identified property, plant or equipment for a period of time in exchange for consideration. On January 1, 2019, the Company adopted ASU No. 2016-02 “Leases” (Topic 842) and all subsequent ASUs that modified Topic 842. For the Company, Topic 842 primarily affected the accounting treatment for operating lease agreements in which the Company is the lessee.
Patriot has eleven non-cancelable operating leases, including four Bank branch locations and four for administrative and operational space, two locations for an Interactive Teller Machine (“ITM”) and an automated teller machine (“ATM”), and one equipment lease. The leases expire on various dates through 2032 and some include renewal options. Most of the leases contain rent escalation provisions, as well as renewal options for one or more periods. The last potential year the leases can be extended through 2037. All of our leases are classified as operating leases, and therefore, were previously not recognized on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. With the adoption of Topic 842, operating lease agreements are required to be recognized on the consolidated balance sheets as a right-of-use (“ROU”) asset and a corresponding lease liability. Renew periods were included in the future cash flows for purposes of calculating the ROU and lease liability. The Company has no finance leases (previously referred to as a capital lease).
ROU lease assets represent the Company’s right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease obligations represent the Company’s obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Operating ROU lease assets and obligations are recognized at the commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. As most of the Company’s leases do not provide an implicit rate, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at the commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments. The Company’s lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that the Company will exercise that option.
As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company recognized ROU assets of $2.2 million and $2.6 million, respectively, and lease liabilities of $2.4 million and $2.8 million, respectively. ROU lease assets are included in other assets on the consolidated balance sheet. The lease liabilities are included in accrued expenses and other liabilities on the consolidated balance sheet.
Lease expense for lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Short-term leases are leases having a term of twelve months or less. The Company recognizes short-term leases on a straight-line basis and does not record a related lease asset or liability for such leases, as allowed as practical expedient of the standard. The Company elected to separate lease and non-lease components. The fixed lease costs are recognized as ROU lease assets and Lease liability. The variable lease cost primarily represents variable payments such as common area maintenance and utilities, which are included in the occupancy and equipment expenses on the consolidated statements of operations. For the year ended December 31, 2022, the fixed lease costs and variable lease costs for the non-cancelable operating leases were $582,000 and $39,000, respectively. For the year ended December 31, 2021, the fixed lease costs and variable lease costs for the non-cancelable operating leases were $571,000 and $38,000, respectively. For the year ended December 31, 2020, the fixed lease costs and variable lease costs for the non-cancelable operating leases were $565,000 and $38,000, respectively.
PATRIOT NATIONAL BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to consolidated financial statements
The following is a maturity analysis of the operating lease liabilities as of December 31, 2022:
| | | | | | | | |
| (in thousands) | | Operating lease
Obligation |
| Years ending December 31, | |
| 2023 | | $ | 583 | |
| 2024 | | 446 | |
| 2025 | | 329 | |
| 2026 | | 299 | |
| 2027 | | 252 | |
| Thereafter | | 830 | |
| Total undiscounted lease payments | | $ | 2,739 | |
| | |
| Less imputed interest | | (379) | |
| | |
| Present value of operating lease liabilities | | $ | 2,360 | |
| | |
| Operating lease right-of-use asset | | $ | 2,223 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Year Ended December 31, |
| 2022 | | 2021 | | 2020 |
| Lease cost | | | | | |
| Operating lease cost | $ | 582 | | | $ | 571 | | | $ | 565 | |
| Short-term lease cost | 12 | | | 12 | | | 18 | |
| Total lease cost | $ | 594 | | | $ | 583 | | | $ | 583 | |
| | | | | |
| Other information | | | | | |
| Operating cash flows from operating leases | $ | 582 | | | $ | 552 | | | $ | 543 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| December 31, |
| 2022 | | 2021 |
| Weighted -average remaining lease term - operating leases (in years) | 8 | | 8 |
| Weighted -average discount rate - operating leases | 3.35 | % | | 3.30 | % |
As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the undiscounted lease payments were $2.7 million and $3.2 million, respectively. The lease payments were not reduced by minimum sublease rentals of $964,000 and $812,000 due in the future under non-cancelable subleases, respectively.
Rent expense for operating leases is recognized in earnings on a straight-line basis over the base term of the respective lease and is included in the consolidated statement of operations as a component of Occupancy and Equipment expense. For the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, total rent expense for cancellable and non-cancellable operating leases was $594,000, $583,000, and $583,000, respectively.
For the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, Patriot recognized gross rental income of $566,000, $543,000, and $523,000 offset by rental costs of $5,000, $5,000, and $5,000, respectively.
PATRIOT NATIONAL BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to consolidated financial statements
Note 13. Commitments and Contingencies
Employment Agreements
The Company has a severance agreement for two Executive Vice Presidents that provides for severance equal to 12 months of current salary, if the Executive officer is terminated within 12 months of a change of control of Patriot.
Legal Matters
Patriot does not have any pending legal proceedings, other than ordinary routine litigation, incidental to its business, to which Patriot is a party or any of its property is subject. Management is of the opinion that the ultimate disposition of these routine legal matters will not have a material adverse effect on the consolidated financial condition, results of operations, or liquidity of Patriot.
Note 14. Income Taxes
Following is a summary of the components of the federal and state income tax expense (benefit) for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2022.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| (In thousands) | Year Ended December 31, |
| 2022 | | 2021 | | 2020 |
| Current: | | | | | |
| Federal | $ | 44 | | | $ | — | | | $ | (100) | |
| State | 62 | | | 180 | | | 86 | |
| 106 | | | 180 | | | (14) | |
| | | | | |
| Deferred: | | | | | |
| Federal | 1,117 | | | 1,860 | | | (2,448) | |
| State | 373 | | | (2,121) | | | 2,125 | |
| 1,490 | | | (261) | | | (323) | |
| | | | | |
| Income tax expense (benefit) | $ | 1,596 | | | $ | (81) | | | $ | (337) | |
For each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2022, the difference between the federal statutory income tax rate and Patriot’s effective income tax rate reconciles as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| (In thousands) | Year Ended December 31, |
| 2022 | | 2021 | | 2020 |
| | | | | |
| Income taxes at statutory Federal rate | $ | 1,629 | | | $ | 1,053 | | | $ | (873) | |
| State taxes, net of Federal benefit | 343 | | | 404 | | | (191) | |
| Project expenses for merger and acquisition | (383) | | | 383 | | | — | |
| Deferred tax valuation allowance | — | | | (1,938) | | | 1,938 | |
| Reversal UTP on Federal DTA | — | | | — | | | (1,132) | |
| Nondeductible expenses | (3) | | | (10) | | | 8 | |
| Other | 10 | | | 27 | | | (87) | |
| | | | | |
| Income tax expense (benefit) | $ | 1,596 | | | $ | (81) | | | $ | (337) | |
PATRIOT NATIONAL BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to consolidated financial statements
The effective tax rate for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 was 20.6%, (1.6)%, and 8.1%, respectively. The effective tax rate for 2022 was decreased by the reversal of project expenses. The decrease in the effective tax rate for 2021 was primarily due to the full reversal of $1.9 million deferred tax asset valuation allowance recorded at December 31, 2020. There were no significant changes to the effective tax rate in 2020.
Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities
The significant components of Patriot’s net deferred tax assets at December 31, 2022 and 2021 are presented below.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| (In thousands) | December 31, |
| 2022 | | 2021 |
| Deferred tax assets: | | | |
| Federal NOL carryforward benefit | $ | 3,321 | | | $ | 3,605 | |
| NOL write-off for Sec 382 Limit | (3,258) | | | (3,258) | |
| Capitalized cost temporary item | 3,023 | | | 3,325 | |
| State NOL carryforward benefit | 3,128 | | | 3,168 | |
| Allowance for loan loss | 2,793 | | | 3,017 | |
| Lease liabilities | 634 | | | 746 | |
| Non-accrual interest | 907 | | | 827 | |
| Merger and acquisition | 171 | | | 187 | |
| Accrued expenses | 80 | | | 421 | |
| Unrealized loss AFS securities | 5,440 | | | 569 | |
| Goodwill and intangible | 104 | | | 137 | |
| Depreciation of premises and equipment | 120 | | | 98 | |
| Share based compensation | — | | | 3 | |
| Other | 25 | | | 17 | |
| Gross deferred tax assets | 16,488 | | | 12,862 | |
| | | |
| Total deferred tax assets | $ | 16,488 | | | $ | 12,862 | |
| | | |
| | | |
| Deferred tax liabilities: | | | |
| Right-of-use assets | (597) | | | (709) | |
| Prepaid Expenses | (337) | | | — | |
| Other | (27) | | | (7) | |
| Gross deferred tax liabilities | (961) | | | (716) | |
| | | |
| Net deferred tax asset | $ | 15,527 | | | $ | 12,146 | |
As of December 31, 2022, Patriot had available approximately $15.8 million of Federal net operating loss carryforwards (“NOL”) that is offset by $15.5 million in §382 limitations imposed by the Internal Revenue Code. Of the NOL of $15.8 million, approximately $15.5 million will expire between 2030 and 2033 and $0.3 million do not expire.
Patriot has approximately $52.8 million of NOLs available for Connecticut tax purposes at December 31, 2022, which may be used to offset up to 50% of taxable income in any year. The NOLs will expire between 2030 and 2040.
Valuation Allowance against net Deferred Tax Assets
Patriot uses the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on temporary differences between the financial statement and tax basis of assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to reverse. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax laws is recognized in the consolidated statements of operations in the period that includes the enactment date.
PATRIOT NATIONAL BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to consolidated financial statements
Valuation allowances are established when necessary to reduce deferred tax assets to the amounts that are more likely than not expected to be realized based on the weighting of positive and negative evidence. Future realization of deferred tax assets ultimately depends on the existence of sufficient taxable income of the appropriate character (for example, ordinary income or capital gain) within the carryback or carryforward periods available under the applicable tax law. The Company regularly reviews the deferred tax assets for recoverability based on historical taxable income, projected future taxable income, the expected timing of the reversals of existing temporary differences and prudent and feasible tax planning strategies. The Company’s judgments regarding future profitability may change due to many factors, including future market conditions and the ability to successfully execute its business plans. Should there be a change in the ability to recover deferred tax assets, the tax provision would increase or decrease in the period in which the assessment is changed.
For the year ended December 31, 2022, Patriot was in a cumulative income position. Patriot reviewed its accumulated pre-tax income (loss) for the current and prior two- and there-year periods and adjusted for non-recurring items. After the adjustments, Patriot remained in a cumulative income position. Patriot used the average adjusted pre-tax income for the current and prior three years as the basis for objectively estimating future taxable income. Patriot will continue to evaluate the need for a valuation allowances.
Secondly, Patriot has a tax planning strategy available under ASC 740 that would be implemented to prevent a carry-forward state net operating losses from expiring. The strategy consists of capitalizing loan costs to increase income and avoid state net operating losses from expiring unused.
As of December 31, 2021, based on Patriot’s objective projection of future taxable income and tax planning, Patriot fully reversed the partial valuation allowance of $1.9 million recorded at December 31, 2020. As of December 31, 2022, no valuation allowance was recorded. Patriot will review the valuation allowance quarterly to determine if an adjustment, to either increase or decrease, the allowance is required.
Unrecognized tax benefits
Patriot recognizes a benefit from its tax positions only if it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained on examination by taxing authorities, based on the technical merits of the position. The tax benefits recognized in the consolidated financial statements from such a position are measured based on the largest benefit that has a greater than 50% likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement with a taxing authority that has full knowledge of all relevant information.
As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Bank did not record any uncertain tax position related to the utilization of certain federal net operating losses. At December 31, 2022 and 2021, Patriot no longer has a liability for unrecognized tax benefits. Additionally, Patriot has no pending or on-going audits in any tax jurisdiction.
A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of unrecognized tax benefits is as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| (In thousands) | Year Ended December 31, |
| 2022 | | 2021 | | 2020 |
| Balance, beginning of year | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 1,220 | |
| Increases due to tax positions related to a prior year | — | | | — | | | 65 | |
| Decreases to tax positions as a result of a lapse of statute | — | | | — | | | (1,285) | |
| Balance, end of year | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | |
The Company’s policy is to recognize interest and penalties related to income tax matters in income tax expense.
Patriot’s returns for tax years 2019 through 2022 are subject to examination by the IRS for U.S. Federal tax purposes and, for State tax purposes, by the Department of Revenue Services for the State of Connecticut and the State of New York Department of Taxation and Finance.
PATRIOT NATIONAL BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to consolidated financial statements
Note 15. Share-based Compensation
In 2011, the Company adopted the Patriot National Bancorp, Inc. 2012 Stock Plan (the “2012 Plan”). The 2012 Plan was amended in 2020 and renamed as the Patriot National Bancorp, Inc. 2020 Restricted Stock Award Plan (the “2020 Plan”). A copy of the 2020 Plan was filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Amendment No. 1 to Annual Report on Form 10-K/A for the year ended December 31, 2020 filed on April 30, 2021. The 2020 Plan provides an incentive to directors and employees of the Company by the grant of restricted stock awards (“RSA”).
On November 10, 2022, the Board of Directors approved the Amendment and Restatement of the 2020 Plan (the “Amended and Restated 2020 Plan”), which was approved and ratified by shareholders of the Company on December 14, 2022.
The 2020 Plan was amended primarily to (i) reduce the total number of shares authorized for issuance thereunder from 3,000,000 shares to 400,000 shares; and (ii) limit the maximum number of shares of Company’s Common Stock granted during a single fiscal year to any non-employee director, together with any cash fees paid to such director, to be no more than a total value of $300,000. As of December 31, 2022, 224,731 shares of stock are available for issuance under the Plan. In accordance with the terms of the Plan, the vesting of RSAs may be accelerated at the discretion of the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors. The Compensation Committee sets the terms and conditions applicable to the vesting of RSAs. RSAs granted to directors and employees generally vest in quarterly or annual installments over a three, four or five year period from the date of grant.
The following is a summary of the status of the Company’s restricted share awards as of and for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2022.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| Number of
Shares Awarded | | Weighted Average
Grant Date
Fair Value |
| Unvested at December 31, 2019 | 21,470 | | $ | 12.91 | |
| Granted | 12,484 | | $ | 6.12 | |
| Vested | (12,903) | | $ | 13.82 | |
| Forfeited | (2,553) | | $ | 15.86 | |
| Unvested at December 31, 2020 | 18,498 | | $ | 7.29 | |
| Granted | 20,476 | | $ | 10.48 | |
| Vested | (12,920) | | $ | 12.95 | |
| Forfeited | (4,586) | | $ | 9.39 | |
| Unvested at December 31, 2021 | 21,468 | | $ | 6.48 | |
| Granted | 9,886 | | $ | 11.94 | |
| Vested | (8,694) | | $ | 11.05 | |
| Unvested at December 31, 2022 | 22,660 | | $ | 7.11 | |
The Company recognizes compensation expense for all director and employee share-based compensation awards on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period, which is equal to the vesting schedule of each award, for each vesting portion of an award equal to its grant date fair value. For the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, the Company recognized share-based compensation expense of $86,000, $150,000, and $159,000, respectively.
For the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, share-based compensation attributable to employees of Patriot amounted to $32,000, $90,000, and $80,000, respectively.
The share-based compensation expense attributable to Patriot’s external Directors for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020 was $54,000, $60,000, and $79,000, respectively. For each of those years, the Directors received total compensation of $248,000, $325,000, and $429,000, respectively, which amounts are included in Other Operating Expenses in the consolidated statements of operations.
PATRIOT NATIONAL BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to consolidated financial statements
Unrecognized compensation expense attributable to the unvested restricted shares outstanding as of December 31, 2022 amounted to $236,000, which amount is expected to be recognized over the weighted average remaining life of the awards of 2.78 years.
Note 16. Shareholders’ Equity
Common Stock
On December 16, 2009, the Company entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Securities Purchase Agreement”) with PNBK Holdings, LLC, a limited liability company controlled by Michael Carrazza (“Holdings”). Pursuant to the Securities Purchase Agreement, on October 15, 2010, the Company issued 3,360,000 shares of common stock to Holdings at $15.00 per share, for an aggregate issuance value of $50.4 million. The shares issued to Holdings represented 87.6% of the Company’s then issued and outstanding common stock. In connection with the equity interest obtained by Holdings, Michael Carrazza became Patriot’s Chairman of the Board and nominees of Holdings replaced certain directors and officers who resigned. Additionally, the Company reduced the par value of its common stock from $2 to $0.01 per share, increased the number of its authorized common shares to 100,000,000.
Pursuant to its Operating Agreement, on March 31, 2021, Holdings completed a pro-rata in-kind distribution of shares of restricted common stock of Patriot. Following these distributions, Holdings no longer owns any shares of Patriot.
Dividends
The Company did not pay any dividends for the year ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, and has suspended dividend payments.
Earnings per Share
The Company is required to present basic earnings per share and diluted earnings per share in its consolidated statements of operations. Basic earnings per share amounts are computed by dividing net income by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding. Diluted earnings per share reflects additional common shares that would have been outstanding if potentially dilutive common shares had been issued, as well as any adjustment to income that would result from the assumed issuance. Potential common shares that may be issued by the Company relate to the outstanding unvested RSAs granted to directors and employees. The dilutive effect resulting from these potential shares is determined using the treasury stock method. The Company is also required to provide a reconciliation of the numerator and denominator used in the computation of both basic and diluted earnings per share.
PATRIOT NATIONAL BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to consolidated financial statements
The following is a summary of the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2022.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| (Net income in thousands) | Year ended December 31, | |
| 2022 | | 2021 | | 2020 | |
| Basic earnings (loss) per share: | | | | | | |
| Net income (loss) attributable to Common shareholders | $ | 6,161 | | | $ | 5,094 | | | $ | (3,819) | | |
| Divided by: | | | | | | |
| Weighted average shares outstanding | 3,957,097 | | 3,946,384 | | 3,934,886 | |
| | | | | | |
| Basic earnings (loss) per common share | $ | 1.56 | | | $ | 1.29 | | | $ | (0.97) | | |
| | | | | | |
| Diluted earnings (loss) per share: | | | | | | |
| Net income (loss) attributable to Common shareholders | $ | 6,161 | | | $ | 5,094 | | | $ | (3,819) | | |
| | | | | | |
| Weighted average shares outstanding | 3,957,097 | | 3,946,384 | | 3,934,886 | |
| | | | | | |
| Effect of potentially dilutive restricted common shares | 5,801 | | 6,270 | | — | (1) |
| | | | | | |
| Divided by: | | | | | | |
| Weighted average diluted shares outstanding | 3,962,898 | | 3,952,654 | | 3,934,886 | |
| | | | | | |
| Diluted earnings (loss) per common share | $ | 1.55 | | | $ | 1.29 | | | $ | (0.97) | | |
(1) The weighted average diluted shares outstanding does not include 3,039 anti-dilutive restricted common shares for the year ended December 31, 2020.
Note 17. 401(k) Savings Plan
Patriot offers employees participation in the Patriot Bank, N.A. 401(k) Savings Plan (the "401(k) Plan") under Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code, along with the ROTH feature to the Plan. The 401(k) Plan covers substantially all employees who have completed one month of service, are 21 years of age and who elect to participate. Under the terms of the 401(k) Plan, participants can contribute up to the maximum amount allowed, subject to Federal limitations. At its discretion, Patriot may match eligible participating employee contributions at the rate of 50% of the first 6% of the participants’ salary contributed to the 401(k) Plan. Eligibility for matching contributions is dependent on an employee’s completing 6 consecutive month(s) of service or 500 hours of employment. Participants immediately vest in Patriot’s matching contributions, if applicable. During the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, Patriot made matching contributions to the 401(k) Plan of $251,000, $215,000, and $253,000, respectively.
PATRIOT NATIONAL BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to consolidated financial statements
Note 18. Financial Instruments with Off-Balance-Sheet Risk
In the normal course of business, the Bank is a party to financial instruments with off-balance-sheet risk to meet the financing needs of its customers. These financial instruments include commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit, which involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit and interest rate risk in excess of the amounts recognized in the balance sheet. The contractual amounts of these instruments reflect the extent of involvement Patriot has in particular classes of financial instruments.
The contractual amounts of commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit represent the maximum amount of potential accounting loss should: the contract be fully drawn upon; the customer default; and the value of any existing collateral becomes worthless. Patriot applies its credit policies to entering commitments and conditional obligations and, as with its lending activities, evaluates each customer's creditworthiness on a case-by-case basis. Management believes that it effectively mitigates the credit risk of these financial instruments through its credit approval processes, establishing credit limits, monitoring the on-going creditworthiness of recipients and grantees, and the receipt of collateral as deemed necessary.
At December 31, 2022 and 2021, financial instruments with credit risk are as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| December 31, |
| (In thousands) | 2022 | | 2021 |
| Commitments to extend credit: | | | |
| Unused lines of credit | $ | 100,986 | | | $ | 68,341 | |
| Undisbursed construction loans | 12,000 | | | 18,594 | |
| Home equity lines of credit | 26,878 | | | 16,396 | |
| Future loan commitments | 14,365 | | | 23,486 | |
| Financial standby letters of credit | 78 | | | 164 | |
| $ | 154,307 | | | $ | 126,981 | |
Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to a customer as long as there is no violation of any condition established in the contract. Commitments to extend credit generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require payment of a fee by the borrower. Since these commitments could expire without being drawn upon, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements. The amount of collateral obtained, if deemed necessary upon extending credit, is based on management's credit evaluation of the customer. Collateral held varies, but may include commercial property, residential property, deposits, and securities. The Bank has established a reserve for credit loss of $8,000 and $8,000 as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
Standby letters of credit are written commitments issued by the Bank to guarantee the performance of a customer to a third party. The credit risk involved in issuing standby letters of credit is essentially the same as that involved in extending loan facilities to customers. Guarantees that are not derivative contracts are recorded at fair value and included in the consolidated balance sheet.
PATRIOT NATIONAL BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to consolidated financial statements
Note 19. Regulatory and Operational Matters
Federal and state regulatory authorities have adopted standards requiring financial institutions to maintain increased levels of capital. Effective January 1, 2015, federal banking agencies imposed four minimum capital requirements on a community bank’s risk-based capital ratios consisting of Total Capital, Tier 1 Capital, Common Equity Tier 1 (“CET1”) Capital, and a Tier 1 Leverage Capital ratio. The risk-based capital ratios measure the adequacy of a bank's capital against the riskiness of its on- and off-balance sheet assets and activities. Failure to maintain adequate capital is a basis for "prompt corrective action" or other regulatory enforcement action. In assessing a bank's capital adequacy, regulators also consider other factors such as interest rate risk exposure, liquidity, funding and market risks, quality and level of earnings, concentrations of credit, quality of loans and investments, nontraditional activity risk, policy effectiveness, and management's overall ability to monitor and control risk.
In September 2019, the community bank leverage ratio (CBLR) framework was jointly issued by the FDIC, OCC and FRB. The final rule gives qualifying community banks the option to use a simplified measure of capital adequacy instead of risk based capital, beginning with their March 31, 2020 Call Report. Under the final rule a community bank may qualify for the CBLR framework if it has a Tier 1 leverage ratio of greater than 9%, less than $10 billion in total consolidated assets, and limited amounts of off-balance sheet exposures and trading assets and liabilities. The CARES Act directed the federal banking agencies to issue an interim rule temporarily lowering the CBLR ratio to 8% which the agencies did with a transition back to 9% beginning January 1, 2022. Capital adequacy is one of the most important factors used to determine the safety and soundness of individual banks and the banking system. A community bank which meets the leverage ratio requirement, and other CBLR framework requirements will not be subject to other capital and leverage requirements and will be considered “well capitalized.”
In September 2021, the Bank elected to adopt the CBLR framework. The Bank’s Tier 1 leverage ratio as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 was 9.3% and 9.9%, respectively, which satisfied the “greater than 9 percent” leverage ratio requirement under the CBLR framework. Management continuously assesses the adequacy of the Bank’s capital in order to maintain its “well capitalized” status.
The Bank’s Community Bank Leverage Ratio regulatory capital amounts and ratios at December 31, 2022 and 2021 are summarized as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| (In thousands) | December 31, | |
| 2022 | | 2021 | |
| Patriot Bank, N.A. | Amount | | Ratio | | Amount | | Ratio | |
| Tier 1 Leverage Capital (to average assets): | | | | | | | | |
| Actual | $ | 100,267 | | | 9.27 | % | | $ | 93,923 | | | 9.86 | % | |
| To be Well Capitalized | 97,388 | | | 9.00 | % | (1) | $ | 85,773 | | | 9.00 | % | (1) |
(1)Leverage Capital Ratio greater than 9% is considered well-capitalized under the CBLR Framework.
Designation as "Well Capitalized" does not apply to bank holding companies - the Company. Such categorization of capital adequacy only applies to insured depository institutions - the Bank.
Note 20. Related Party Transactions
In the normal course of business, the Company grants loans to executive officers, directors and members of their immediate families, as defined, and to entities in which these individuals have more than a 10% equity ownership. No related party loans were outstanding as of December 31, 2022 and 2021.
As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, deposits from related parties aggregated $64,000 and $58,000, respectively.
PATRIOT NATIONAL BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to consolidated financial statements
Note 21. Fair Value and Interest Rate Risk
Patriot measures the carrying value of certain financial assets and liabilities at fair value, as required by its policies as a financial institution and by US GAAP. The carrying values of certain assets and liabilities are measured at fair value on a recurring basis, such as available-for-sale securities; while other assets and liabilities are measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis due to external factors requiring management’s judgment to estimate potential losses of value resulting in asset impairments or the establishment of valuation reserves. Measuring assets and liabilities at fair value may result in fluctuations to carrying value that have a significant impact on the results of operations or other comprehensive income for the period and period over period.
Following is a detailed summary of the guidance provided by US GAAP regarding the application of fair value measurements and Patriot’s application thereof. Additionally, the following information includes detailed summaries of the effects fair value measurements have on the carrying amounts of asset and liabilities presented in the consolidated financial statements.
The objective of fair value measurement is to value an asset that may be sold or a liability that may be transferred at the estimated value which might be obtained in a transaction between unrelated parties under current market conditions. US GAAP establishes a framework for measuring assets and liabilities at fair value, as well as certain financial instruments classified in equity. The framework provides a fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities and minimizes unobservable inputs, which are inputs for which market data are not available and that are developed by management using the best information available to develop assumptions about the value market participants might place on the asset to be sold or liability to be transferred.
The three levels of the fair value hierarchy consist of:
Level 1 Unadjusted quoted market prices for identical assets or liabilities in active markets that the entity has ability to access at the measurement date (such as active exchange-traded equity securities and certain U.S. and government agency debt securities).
Level 2 Observable inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1, such as:
-Quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets (such as U.S. agency and government sponsored mortgage-backed securities)
-Quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in less active markets (such as certain U.S. and government agency debt securities, and corporate and municipal debt securities that trade infrequently)
-Other inputs that are observable for substantially the full term of the asset or liability (i.e. interest rates, yield curves, prepayment speeds, default rates, etc.).
Level 3 Valuation techniques that require unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and are significant to the fair value measurement of the asset or liability (such as pricing and discounted cash flow models that typically reflect management’s estimates of the assumptions a market participant would use in pricing the asset or liability).
A description of the valuation methodologies used for assets and liabilities recorded at fair value, and for estimating fair value for financial and non-financial instruments not recorded at fair value, is set forth below.
Cash and due from banks and accrued interest receivable and payable
The carrying amount is a reasonable estimate of fair value and accordingly these are classified as Level 1. These financial instruments are not recorded at fair value on a recurring basis.
Available-for-sale securities
The fair value of securities available-for-sale (carried at fair value) are determined by obtaining quoted market prices on nationally recognized securities exchanges (Level 1), or matrix pricing (Level 2), which is a mathematical technique used widely in the industry to value debt securities without relying exclusively on quoted market prices for the specific securities, but rather by relying on the securities' relationship to other benchmark quoted prices, or using unobservable inputs employing various techniques and assumptions (Level 3).
PATRIOT NATIONAL BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to consolidated financial statements
Other Investments
The Bank’s investment portfolio includes the Solomon Hess SBA Loan Fund, which is utilized by the Bank to satisfy its Community Reinvestment Act (“CRA”) lending requirements. As this fund operates as a private fund, shares in the fund are not publicly traded but may be redeemed with 60 days’ notice at cost. For that reason, the carrying amount was considered comparable to fair value at both December 31, 2022 and 2021 due to its short-term nature.
Federal Reserve Bank Stock and Federal Home Loan Bank Stock
Shares in the FRB and FHLB are purchased and redeemed based upon their $100 par value. The stocks are non-marketable equity securities, and as such, are considered restricted securities that are carried at cost.
Loans
The fair value of loans are estimated by discounting the future cash flows using the rates at which similar loans would be made to borrowers with similar credit ratings and for the same remaining maturities. We estimate the fair value of our loan portfolio using an exit price notion. The exit price notion requires determination of the price at which willing market participants would transact at the measurement date under current market conditions depending on facts and circumstances, such as origination rates, credit risk, transaction costs, liquidity, national and regional market trends and other adjustments, utilizing publicly available rates and indices. The application of an exit price notion requires the use of significant judgment.
Loans Held for Sale
The fair value of loans held for sale is estimated by using a market approach that includes prices for loans sold awaiting settlement and other observable inputs. The Company has determined that the inputs used to value the loans held for sale fall within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.
SBA Servicing Asset
Servicing assets do not trade in an active, open market with readily observable prices. The Company estimates the fair value of servicing assets using discounted cash flow models incorporating numerous assumptions from the perspective of a market participant including market discount rates and prepayment speeds. Due to the significant unobservable input related to the servicing rights, the SBA servicing asset is classified within Level 3 of the valuation hierarchy.
Derivative asset (liability) - Interest Rate Swaps
The Company’s derivative assets and liabilities consist of transactions as part of management’s strategy to manage interest rate risk. The valuation of interest rate swap agreements does not contain any counterparty risk. The valuation of the Company’s interest rate swaps is obtained from a third-party pricing service and is determined using a discounted cash flow analysis on the expected cash flows of each derivative. The pricing analysis is based on observable inputs for the contractual terms of the derivatives, including the period to maturity and interest rate curves. The Company has determined that the inputs used to value its interest rate derivatives fall within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. See Notes 1 and 11 for additional disclosures on derivatives.
Deposits
The fair value of demand deposits, regular savings and certain money market deposits is the amount payable on demand at the reporting date.
The fair value of certificates of deposit and other time deposits is estimated using a discounted cash flow calculation that applies interest rates currently being offered for deposits of similar remaining maturities, estimated using local market data, to a schedule of aggregated expected maturities on such deposits. Patriot does not record deposits at fair value on a recurring basis.
PATRIOT NATIONAL BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to consolidated financial statements
Senior Notes, Subordinated Notes, Junior Subordinated Debt and Note Payable
Patriot does not record senior notes at fair value on a recurring basis. The fair value of the senior notes was estimated by discounting future cash flows at rates at which similar notes would be made. The carrying value is considered comparable to fair value.
Patriot does not record subordinated notes at fair value on a recurring basis. The fair value of the subordinated notes was estimated by discounting future cash flows at rates at which similar notes would be made. The carrying value is considered comparable to fair value.
Patriot does not record junior subordinated debt at fair value on a recurring basis. Junior subordinated debt reprices quarterly, as a result, the carrying amount is considered a reasonable estimate of fair value.
The Company considers its own credit worthiness in determining the fair value of its senior Notes, subordinated notes, notes payable and junior subordinated debt.
Federal Home Loan Bank Borrowings
The fair value of FHLB advances is estimated using a discounted cash flow calculation that applies current FHLB interest rates for advances of similar maturity to a schedule of maturities of such advances. Patriot does not record FHLB advances at fair value on a recurring basis.
Off-balance-sheet financial instruments
Off-balance-sheet financial instruments are based on interest rate changes and fees currently charged to enter into similar agreements, taking into account the remaining terms of the agreements and the counterparties’ credit standing. The off-balance-sheet financial instruments (i.e., commitments to extend credit) are insignificant and are not recorded on a recurring basis.
PATRIOT NATIONAL BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to consolidated financial statements
The following table provides a comparison of the carrying amounts and estimated fair values of Patriot’s financial assets and liabilities as of December 31, 2022 and 2021:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| (In thousands) | | | December 31, 2022 | | December 31, 2021 |
| Fair Value
Hierarchy | | Carrying
Amount | | Estimated
Fair Value | | Carrying
Amount | | Estimated
Fair Value |
| Financial Assets: | | | | | | | | | |
| Cash and noninterest bearing balances due from banks | Level 1 | | $ | 5,182 | | | $ | 5,182 | | | $ | 3,264 | | | $ | 3,264 | |
| Interest-bearing deposits due from banks | Level 1 | | 33,311 | | | 33,311 | | | 43,781 | | | 43,781 | |
| Available-for-sale securities | Level 2 | | 75,093 | | | 75,093 | | | 81,161 | | | 81,161 | |
| Available-for-sale securities | Level 3 | | 9,427 | | | 9,427 | | | 13,180 | | | 13,180 | |
| Other investments | Level 2 | | 4,450 | | | 4,450 | | | 4,450 | | | 4,450 | |
| Federal Reserve Bank stock | Level 2 | | 2,627 | | | 2,627 | | | 2,843 | | | 2,843 | |
| Federal Home Loan Bank stock | Level 2 | | 3,874 | | | 3,874 | | | 4,184 | | | 4,184 | |
| Loans receivable, net | Level 3 | | 838,006 | | | 818,960 | | | 729,583 | | | 727,733 | |
| Loans held for sale | Level 2 | | 5,211 | | | 5,534 | | | 3,129 | | | 3,506 | |
| SBA servicing assets | Level 3 | | 886 | | | 1,013 | | | 584 | | | 617 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| Accrued interest receivable | Level 2 | | 7,267 | | | 7,267 | | | 5,822 | | | 5,822 | |
| Interest rate swap receivable | Level 2 | | 203 | | | 203 | | | 738 | | | 738 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| Financial assets, total | | | $ | 985,537 | | | $ | 966,941 | | | $ | 892,719 | | | $ | 891,279 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| Financial Liabilities: | | | | | | | | | |
| Demand deposits | Level 2 | | $ | 269,636 | | | $ | 269,636 | | | $ | 226,713 | | | $ | 226,713 | |
| Savings deposits | Level 2 | | 71,002 | | | 71,002 | | | 109,744 | | | 109,744 | |
| Money market deposits | Level 2 | | 211,000 | | | 211,000 | | | 164,518 | | | 164,518 | |
| Negotiable order of withdrawal accounts | Level 2 | | 34,440 | | | 34,440 | | | 34,741 | | | 34,741 | |
| Time deposits | Level 2 | | 225,670 | | | 221,353 | | | 195,830 | | | 195,048 | |
| Brokered deposits | Level 1 | | 48,698 | | | 47,684 | | | 17,016 | | | 17,003 | |
| FHLB borrowings | Level 2 | | 85,000 | | | 83,853 | | | 90,000 | | | 93,643 | |
| Senior notes | Level 2 | | 11,640 | | | 11,103 | | | 12,000 | | | 12,045 | |
| Subordinated debt | Level 2 | | 9,840 | | | 9,680 | | | 9,811 | | | 9,947 | |
| Junior subordinated debt owed to unconsolidated trust | Level 2 | | 8,128 | | | 8,128 | | | 8,119 | | | 8,119 | |
| Note payable | Level 3 | | 585 | | | 544 | | | 791 | | | 775 | |
| Accrued interest payable | Level 2 | | 585 | | | 585 | | | 343 | | | 343 | |
| Interest rate swap liability | Level 2 | | 203 | | | 203 | | | 738 | | | 738 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| Financial liabilities, total | | | $ | 976,427 | | | $ | 969,211 | | | $ | 870,364 | | | $ | 873,377 | |
The carrying amount of cash and non-interest-bearing balances due from banks, interest-bearing deposits due from banks, and demand deposits approximates fair value, due to the short-term nature and high turnover of these balances. These amounts are included in the table above for informational purposes.
PATRIOT NATIONAL BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to consolidated financial statements
In the normal course of its operations, Patriot assumes interest rate risk (i.e., the risk that general interest rate levels will fluctuate). As a result, the fair value of Patriot’s financial assets and liabilities are affected when interest market rates change, which change may be either favorable or unfavorable. Management attempts to mitigate interest rate risk by matching the maturities of its financial assets and liabilities. However, borrowers with fixed rate obligations are less likely to prepay their obligations in a rising interest rate environment and more likely to prepay their obligations in a falling interest rate environment. Conversely, depositors receiving fixed rates are more likely to withdraw funds before maturity in a rising interest rate environment and less likely to do so in a falling interest rate environment. Management monitors market rates of interest and the maturities of its financial assets and financial liabilities, adjusting the terms of new loans and deposits in an attempt to minimize interest rate risk. Additionally, management mitigates its overall interest rate risk through its available funds investment strategy.
The following tables detail the financial assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis and the valuation techniques utilized relative to the fair value hierarchy, as of December 31, 2022 and 2021.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| (In thousands) | Quoted Prices in
Active Markets for
Identical Assets
(Level 1) | | Significant
Observable Inputs
(Level 2) | | Significant
Unobservable Inputs
(Level 3) | | Total |
| December 31, 2022: | | | | | | | |
| U. S. Government agency and mortgage-backed securities | $ | — | | | $ | 59,046 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 59,046 | |
| Corporate bonds | — | | | 5,228 | | | 9,427 | | | 14,655 | |
| Subordinated notes | — | | | 4,602 | | | — | | | 4,602 | |
| SBA loan pools | — | | | 5,718 | | | — | | | 5,718 | |
| Municipal bonds | — | | | 499 | | | — | | | 499 | |
| | | | | | | |
| Available-for-sale securities | $ | — | | | $ | 75,093 | | | $ | 9,427 | | | $ | 84,520 | |
| | | | | | | |
| Interest rate swap receivable | $ | — | | | $ | 203 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 203 | |
| | | | | | | |
| Interest rate swap liability | $ | — | | | $ | 203 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 203 | |
| | | | | | | |
| December 31, 2021: | | | | | | | |
| U. S. Government agency and mortgage-backed securities | $ | — | | | $ | 66,629 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 66,629 | |
| Corporate bonds | — | | | 3,741 | | | 13,180 | | | 16,921 | |
| Subordinated notes | — | | | 4,626 | | | — | | | 4,626 | |
| SBA loan pools | — | | | 5,603 | | | — | | | 5,603 | |
| Municipal bonds | — | | | 562 | | | — | | | 562 | |
| | | | | | | |
| Available-for-sale securities | $ | — | | | $ | 81,161 | | | $ | 13,180 | | | $ | 94,341 | |
| | | | | | | |
| Interest rate swap receivable | $ | — | | | $ | 738 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 738 | |
| | | | | | | |
| Interest rate swap liability | $ | — | | | $ | 738 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 738 | |
Patriot measures certain financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value on a non-recurring basis. When circumstances dictate (e.g., impairment of long-lived assets, other than temporary impairment of collateral value), the carrying values of such financial assets and financial liabilities are adjusted to fair value or fair value less costs to sell, as may be appropriate.
PATRIOT NATIONAL BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to consolidated financial statements
As of December 31, 2022, four corporate bonds purchased in 2021, were classified as Level 3 instruments. The fair values of these securities were determined using a present value approach. The discount rate assumed was determined based on unobservable inputs in a pricing model. During the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, the Company had no transfers into or out of Levels 1, 2 or 3.
The reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances for Level 3 available-for-sale securities for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 is as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| (In thousands) | Year Ended December 31, |
| 2022 | | 2021 |
| Level 3 fair value, beginning of year | $ | 13,180 | | | $ | — | |
| Purchases | — | | | 14,000 | |
| Realized gain (loss) | — | | | — | |
| Unrealized loss | (3,753) | | | (820) | |
| Transfers in and /or out of Level 3 | — | | | — | |
| Level 3 fair value, end of year | $ | 9,427 | | | $ | 13,180 | |
The table below presents the valuation methodology and unobservable inputs for level 3 assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis as of December 31, 2022 and 2021:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| (In thousands) | Fair Value | | Valuation
Methodology | | Unobservable Inputs | | Range of Inputs |
| December 31, 2022: | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| Impaired loans, net | $ | 12,873 | | | Real Estate Appraisals | | Discount for appraisal type | | 5.8% | - | 20% |
| | | | | | | | | |
| SBA servicing assets | 1,013 | | | Discounted Cash Flows | | Market discount rates | | 14.73% | - | 14.90% |
| | | | | | | | | |
| December 31, 2021: | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| Impaired loans, net | $ | 20,920 | | | Real Estate Appraisals | | Discount for appraisal type | | 5.8% | - | 20% |
| | | | | | | | | |
| SBA servicing assets | 617 | | | Discounted Cash Flows | | Market discount rates | | 14.73 | % | - | 14.90 | % |
| | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Patriot discloses fair value information about financial instruments, whether or not recognized in the consolidated balance sheet, for which it is practicable to estimate that value. Certain financial instruments are excluded from disclosure requirements and, accordingly, the aggregate fair value amounts presented do not necessarily represent the complete underlying value of financial instruments included in the consolidated financial statements.
The estimated fair value amounts have been measured as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 and have not been reevaluated or updated for purposes of these consolidated financial statements subsequent to those respective dates. As such, the estimated fair values of the financial instruments measured may be different than if they had been subsequently valued.
The information presented should not be interpreted as an estimate of the total fair value of Patriot’s assets and liabilities, since only a portion of Patriot’s assets and liabilities are required to be measured at fair value for financial reporting purposes. Due to the wide range of valuation techniques and the degree of subjectivity used in making the estimates, comparisons between Patriot’s fair value disclosures and those of other bank holding companies may not be meaningful.
PATRIOT NATIONAL BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to consolidated financial statements
Note 22. Parent Company-only Financial Statements
The following represent the condensed stand-alone financial statements of the Company, which is the sole owner and parent company of the Bank, its operating bank subsidiary.
CONDENSED BALANCE SHEETS
December 31, 2022 and 2021
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| (In thousands) | As of December 31, |
| 2022 | | 2021 |
| ASSETS | | | |
| Cash and due from banks | $ | 11 | | | $ | 377 | |
| Investment in subsidiary | 89,533 | | | 96,799 | |
| Other assets | 50 | | | 149 | |
| | | |
| Total assets | $ | 89,594 | | | $ | 97,325 | |
| | | |
| LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY | | | |
| Borrowings | $ | 29,608 | | | $ | 29,930 | |
| Accrued expenses and other liabilities | 403 | | | 51 | |
| Shareholders' equity | 59,583 | | | 67,344 | |
| Total liabilities and shareholders' equity | $ | 89,594 | | | $ | 97,325 | |
CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF INCOME AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
Years Ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| (In thousands) | Year ended December 31, |
| 2022 | | 2021 | | 2020 |
| Expenses: | | | | | |
| Interest on subordinated debt | $ | 1,078 | | | $ | 941 | | | $ | 1,001 | |
| Interest on senior debt | 866 | | | 913 | | | 915 | |
| Total interest expense | 1,944 | | | 1,854 | | | 1,916 | |
| Other expenses | 87 | | | 173 | | | 159 | |
| Loss before benefit for income taxes | 2,031 | | | 2,027 | | | 2,075 | |
| | | | | |
| Benefit for income taxes | (550) | | | (540) | | | (532) | |
| | | | | |
| Loss before equity in undistributed net income of subsidiary | 1,481 | | | 1,487 | | | 1,543 | |
| | | | | |
| Equity in undistributed net income (loss) of subsidiary | 7,642 | | | 6,581 | | | (2,276) | |
| | | | | |
| Net income (loss) | 6,161 | | | 5,094 | | | (3,819) | |
| Equity in subsidiary other comprehensive loss, net of subsidiary | (14,008) | | | (1,119) | | | (115) | |
| | | | | |
| Total comprehensive (loss) income | $ | (7,847) | | | $ | 3,975 | | | $ | (3,934) | |
PATRIOT NATIONAL BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to consolidated financial statements
CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
Years Ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| (In thousands) | Year ended December 31, |
| 2022 | | 2021 | | 2020 |
| Cash Flows from Operating Activities: | | | | | |
| Net income (loss) | $ | 6,161 | | | $ | 5,094 | | | $ | (3,819) | |
| Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash used in operating activities: | | | | | |
| Equity in undistributed net income (loss) of subsidiary | (7,642) | | | (6,581) | | | 2,276 | |
| Dividends received from Patriot Bank, N.A. | 900 | | | 500 | | | 2,000 | |
| Share-based compensation expense | 86 | | | 150 | | | 159 | |
| Amortization of debt issuance costs | 38 | | | 111 | | | 112 | |
| Change in assets and liabilities: | | | | | |
| Decrease (increase) in other assets | 99 | | | 955 | | | (540) | |
| Decrease in accrued expenses and other liabilities | (8) | | | (399) | | | (315) | |
| Net cash used in operating activities | (366) | | | (170) | | | (127) | |
| | | | | |
| Cash Flows from Investing Activities: | | | | | |
| Net (increase) decrease in investment in Patriot Bank N.A. | — | | | (1) | | | 8 | |
| Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities | — | | | (1) | | | 8 | |
| | | | | |
| Cash Flows from Financing Activities: | | | | | |
| Proceeds from issuance of senior notes | 12,000 | | | — | | — | | — | |
| Repayments of senior notes | (12,000) | | | — | | — | | — | |
| Net cash used in financing activities | — | | | — | | | — | |
| | | | | |
| Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents | (366) | | | (171) | | | (119) | |
| | | | | |
| Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year | $ | 377 | | | $ | 548 | | | $ | 667 | |
| | | | | |
| Cash and cash equivalents at end of year | $ | 11 | | | $ | 377 | | | $ | 548 | |
| | | | | |
| | | | | |
| Supplemental Disclosures of Cash Flow Information: | | | | | |
| Cash paid for interest | $ | 1,897 | | | $ | 1,570 | | | $ | 1,776 | |
| | | | | |
| | | | | |
| | | | | |
| | | | | |
| Supplemental Disclosure of Non-cash Activity: | | | | | |
| Deferred debt issuance costs | $ | 360 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | |
PATRIOT NATIONAL BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to consolidated financial statements
Note 23. Subsequent Event
On March 10, 2023, Silicon Valley Bank Santa Clara, CA was closed by the California Department of Financial Protection & Innovation which appointed the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) as Receiver. To protect depositors, on March 13, 2023, the FDIC transferred all the deposits, both insured and uninsured, of Silicon Valley Bank to Silicon Valley Bridge Bank, N.A. a full-service 'bridge bank' that will be operated by the FDIC as it markets the institution to potential bidders. The initial FDIC actions created concerns among depositors, investors, and other bank stakeholders that the banking system could be subject to an overall drain on liquidity. The Company has no current direct investment in or contractual relationships with Silicon Valley Bank or its holding company.