During 2015, a further 3 applicants were accepted and left employment with Aer Lingus. The related severance cost, including provisions, for these programme participants of EUR0.2 million in the six months ended June 2015 (June 2014: EUR0.5 million) represent a termination cost under IAS19R and are recognised within the termination charges above. Liabilities for unpaid termination benefits at the period end are included within business repositioning provisions (see Note 20).

In total, 142 employees participated in the 2013 VS Programme.

2015 Voluntary severance scheme

On 2 February 2015, Aer Lingus launched a new voluntary severance programme for applicants who satisfied certain selection criteria. As at 30 June 2015, 33 applicants had been accepted and had left employment with Aer Lingus. A further 26 applicants had formally agreed to participate in the programme and leave employment with Aer Lingus during 2015. The related severance cost, including provisions, for these programme participants of EUR7.3 million in the six months ended June 2015 represent a termination cost under IAS19R and are recognised within the termination charges above. Liabilities for unpaid termination benefits at the period end are included within business repositioning provisions (see Note 20).

Restructuring costs

The 2015 debit of EUR0.4 million reflects the cost of eliminating specific functions. The 2014 restructuring net debit of EUR0.1 million included a credit of approximately EUR0.4 million arising from a remeasurement of the provision (which was created for downsizing of Shannon line maintenance) following operational decisions made in 2014 which impacted the original estimates and assumptions in respect of maintenance of Boeing 757 aircraft as well as the costs of eliminating specific functions and roles (EUR0.5 million).

   (b)   Professional and legal fees 

The amount in 2015 relates to advice received in relation to the pension issues (see Note 19) and in relation to the IAG proposal to acquire Aer Lingus. The comparative amount in 2014 relates to advice received in respect of the pension issues (see Note 19).

(c) Post retirement income streaming

The Group previously recognised a liability in regards to an income streaming arrangement in respect of certain current and former employees who have an elective post-retirement entitlement. As this liability is calculated by reference to those benefits that would otherwise be payable on retirement under the IASS, the liability reduces further and potentially to nil as correctly executed waivers referred to in Note 19 are received. 63.4% of waivers (78.9% for active members and 50.8% for deferred members) were signed during the six month period to June 2015, which reduced the liability by EUR11.3 million. See Note 19 'Defined contribution pension schemes' and Note 27 'Events after the reporting period' for a further update on the % of waivers received in the period subsequent to year end and to 24 July 2015.

(d) Profit on disposal of Investment

This gain of EUR1.3 million in 2015 relates to the profit on disposal of an investment.

   10      Finance income and expense 
 
                                                         Six months ended 30 June 
                                                          2015            2014 
Finance income                                         EUR'000         EUR'000 
Interest on cash, cash equivalents 
 and deposits                                            3,474           3,534 
Interest income on loans and receivables                    84             943 
Amortisation of available-for-sale 
 reserve                                                     7              84 
Unwinding of discounting on non-current 
 prepayments                                               511             592 
----------------------------------------------  --------------  -------------- 
                                                         4,076           5,153 
----------------------------------------------  --------------  -------------- 
 
Finance expense 
Interest expense on finance lease obligations          (5,420)         (6,453) 
Net interest expense on post employment 
 benefit obligations                                     (138)           (564) 
Interest on pensions escrow                              (131)               - 
Unwinding of discounting of provisions                    (52)           (197) 
----------------------------------------------  --------------  -------------- 
                                                       (5,741)         (7,214) 
----------------------------------------------  --------------  -------------- 
 
 
   11      Property, plant and equipment and Intangible assets 

During the six-month period ended 30 June 2015, the Group capitalised intangible assets and acquired flight equipment, property and ground equipment with a cost of EUR38.2 million (six-month period ended 30 June 2014: EUR26.6 million).

   12      Investment in joint venture 

During 2012, the Group acquired a 33.33% equity interest in the share capital of Propius Holdings Limited (the "Joint Venture"), the parent company of an aircraft leasing group. The Joint Venture acquired six ATR 72-600 series aircraft in 2013, and two additional aircraft in 2014, one in April and one in July. These aircraft are leased onward to Stobart Air. During 2013, the Joint Venture purchased the entire share capital of Propius Leasing Limited (formerly Arann Aircraft Leasing Limited). Propius Leasing Limited subsequently acquired two ATR 72-500s from Comhfhorbairt (Gaillimh), a company in the Aer Arann Group, which were then leased back to Comhfhorbairt (Gaillimh).

The Group's share of the results of its Joint Venture in the six months to 30 June 2015 was a profit (after tax) of EUR0.34 million (2014: EUR0.25 million).

At 30 June 2015, there are no contingent liabilities relating to the Group's interest in the Joint Venture.

   13      Derivative financial instruments 

Derivative financial instruments represent the fair value of open foreign exchange forward contracts and fuel price swaps to which the Group is a party at the reporting date. The fair value of these open positions is calculated by reference to the forward foreign exchange rates and forward fuel prices at the reporting date.

The gains and losses arising from cash flow hedging position are recognised in reserves until they are realised. The position in reserves is recognised net of deferred tax.

The statement of comprehensive income shows fair value gains to 30 June 2015 of EUR20.4 million (2014: fair value losses of EUR2.4 million). These represent the mark to market losses on the Group's portfolio of fuel hedges, offset by the gain inherent in the Group's portfolio of foreign exchange hedges.

Fair value estimation

The Group's activities expose it to a variety of financial risks: market risk (including currency risk, fair value interest rate risk, cash flow interest rate risk and price risk), credit risk and liquidity risk. The condensed consolidated interim financial statements do not include all financial risk management information and disclosures required in the annual financial statements; they should be read in conjunction with the Group's annual financial statements as at 31 December 2014. There have been no significant changes in the Group's approach to risk management or in any risk management policies since the year end.

The table below analyses financial instruments carried at fair value, by valuation method. The different levels have been defined as follows:

   --      Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets of liabilities (Level 1) 

-- Inputs other than quoted prices included within level 1 that are observable for the asset and liability, either directly (that is, as prices) or indirectly (that is, derived from prices) (Level 2)

-- Inputs for the asset or liability that are not based on observable market data (that is, unobservable inputs) (Level 3)

The fair value of financial instruments that are not traded in an active market (for example, over-the-counter derivatives) is determined by using valuation techniques. These valuation techniques maximise the use of observable market data where it is available and rely as little as possible on entity specific estimates. If all significant inputs required to fair value an instrument are observable, the instrument is included in Level 2.

Specific valuation techniques used to value financial instruments include:

-- The fair value of interest rate swaps is calculated as the present value of the estimated future cash flows based on observable yield curves.

-- The fair value of forward foreign exchange contracts is determined using forward exchange rates at the statement of financial position date, with the resulting value discounted back to present value.

-- The fair value of fuel price swaps is determined using forward fuel prices at the reporting date, with the resulting value discounted back to present value.

The following table presents the Group's assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value at 30 June 2015:

 
                       Level 1  Level 2  Level 3    Total 
---------------------  -------  -------  -------  ------- 
                       EUR'000  EUR'000  EUR'000  EUR'000 
---------------------  -------  -------  -------  ------- 
Assets 
Derivative financial 
 instruments                 -   22,390        -   22,390 
 
Liabilities 
Derivative financial 
 instruments                 -   77,383        -   77,383 
 
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