There are statements in this report that are not
historical facts. These “forward-looking statements” can be identified by use of terminology such as “believe,”
“hope,” “may,” “anticipate,” “should,” “intend,” “plan,” “will,”
“expect,” “estimate,” “project,” “positioned,” “strategy” and similar expressions.
You should be aware that these forward-looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainties that are beyond our control. For
a discussion of these risks, you should read this entire report carefully, especially the risks discussed under the section entitled “Risk
Factors.” Although management believes that the assumptions underlying the forward looking statements included in this report are
reasonable, they do not guarantee our future performance, and actual results could differ from those contemplated by these forward looking
statements. The assumptions used for purposes of the forward-looking statements specified in the following information represent estimates
of future events and are subject to uncertainty as to possible changes in economic, legislative, industry, and other circumstances. As
a result, the identification and interpretation of data and other information and their use in developing and selecting assumptions from
and among reasonable alternatives require the exercise of judgment. To the extent that the assumed events do not occur, the outcome may
vary substantially from anticipated or projected results, and, accordingly, no opinion is expressed on the achievability of those forward-looking
statements. In light of these risks and uncertainties, there can be no assurance that the results and events contemplated by
the forward-looking statements contained in this report will in fact transpire. You are cautioned to not place undue reliance on these
forward-looking statements, which speak only as of their dates. We do not undertake any obligation to update or revise any forward-looking
statements.
As used in this Annual Report, unless otherwise
noted, references to the “Company”, “we”, “our” or “us” means Tengjun Biotechnology Corp. unless
the context clearly requires otherwise.
ITEM. 1 BUSINESS
Corporate History and Structure
We were incorporated on June 28, 2010 in the State
of Nevada under the name “Island Radio, Inc.” and changed our name to “China Herb Group Holdings Corporation”
effective July 17, 2012. On December 9, 2019, the Company changed its corporate name to “Tengjun Biotechnology Corp.” As a
Nevada holding company, and not a Chinese operating company, Tengjun Biotechnology Corp. (“Tengjun”, the “Company”,
“we” or “us”) operates primarily through its PRC subsidiaries in China and this structure involves unique risks
to the investors. We conduct business primarily in mainland China and as a result are subject to mainland Chinese law. There are legal
and operational risks associated with having operations in mainland China. The Chinese regulatory authorities could disallow this direct
ownership structure, which would likely result in a material change in our operations and/or a material change in the value of the securities
we are registering for sale, including that it could cause the value of such securities to significantly decline or become worthless.
See “Risk Factors - Risks Relating to Doing Business in the PRC”.
On June 27, 2012, Eric R. Boyer and Nina Edstrom
(collectively, the “Sellers”), who were then the major shareholders of the Company, entered into a Share Purchase Agreement
with Chin Yung Kong, Qiuping Lu and Fumin Feng (collectively, the “Purchasers”), pursuant to which the Sellers sold to the
Purchasers an aggregate 4,000,000 shares of the common stock of the Company, which represented approximately 93% of the then total issued
and outstanding stock of the Company, for a total purchase price of $159,970 (the “Change in Control”). As result of this
share purchase transaction, Chin Yung Kong, Qiuping Lu and Fumin Feng became the controlling shareholders of the Company.
The Company’s original business plan was
to become a commercial FM radio broadcaster. Subsequently, following the Change in Control, the Company changed its business plan and
intended to become a medical and spa company with a focus on Asia. However, after consultation with its professional and business advisors
in the United States and the People’s Republic of China, the Company’s management decided during the third quarter of 2014
that this would no longer be its plan of operations. The Company’s plan of operations was to evaluate various industries as well
as geographic and market opportunities. This has taken the form of a Share Exchange Agreement (defined below).
Acquisitions/Business Combinations
On December 23, 2021, the Company entered into
a Share Purchase/Exchange Agreement (the “Share Exchange Agreement”) with Tengjunxiang Biotechnology Ltd. (the “Target”),
a Cayman Islands corporation, and the Target’s eleven shareholders (the “Selling Shareholders”): Min Xing Biotechnolgy
Ltd, Pastoral Technology Co., Ltd., Shu Zhilin Trading Co., Ltd., Teng Rui Xiang Bio-Tech Ltd., Aihua Trading Co., Ltd, Rock Climbing
Technology, Langtaosha Trading Co., Ltd., Min Cheng Biotechnology Ltd, Kangfan Technology Co., Ltd., Chaorong Technology Co., Ltd., and
Shengrui Biotechnology Co., Ltd. In accordance with the Share Exchange Agreement, on December 23, 2021, the Selling Shareholders collectively
sold and transferred 500,000,000 ordinary shares of the Target, constituting one hundred percent (100%) of the issued and outstanding
share capital of the Target, to the Company in exchange for 19,285,714 shares of Company’s common stock, par value $0.001 per share
(the “Tengjun Shares”), at an agreed price of $0.19 per share of the Company’s common stock (the “Common Stock”)
for a total valuation of $3,675,000 of the Target.
In connection with the acquisition of the Target
pursuant to the Share Exchange Agreement, the Company entered into the Chinese tea and water purifier business through its newly acquired
subsidiary, the Target Company, which owns four corporate entities: (i) Tengjunxiang Biotechnology HK Limited (“Tengjun HK”),
a company formed in Hong Kong and wholly owned by the Target, (ii) Shandong Minfu Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (“WFOE”), a wholly
foreign owned entity formed under the laws of China and wholly owned by Tengjun HK, (iii) Shandong Tengjunxiang Biotechnology Co., Ltd.
(“Shangdong Tengjunxiang” or “Tengjunxiang”), a company formed under the laws of China and 94.95% owned by WFOE,
and (iv) Jinxiang County Kanglong Water Purification Equipment Co. Ltd. (“Kanglong”), a company formed under the laws of China
and wholly-owned subsidiary of Shandong Tengjunxiang. The parties to this Agreement closed the transaction contemplated therein on December
23, 2021.
The Target was incorporated on July 19, 2021 under
the laws of the Cayman Islands. The authorized capital stock of the Target is 500,000,000 ordinary shares, all of which were issued and
outstanding prior to the closing of the Acquisition. Shangdong Tengjunxiang, our operating company, was formed on June 27, 2014, under
the laws of China. Promptly after the Closing, the Target shall update the shareholder registration of the Target to effect the Share
Exchange Agreement. The Share Exchange Agreement was signed and agreed by and among all of the shareholders and/or beneficial owners of
the Target, the Target and the Company.
As a result of the consummation of the Acquisition on December 23,
2021 as discussed above, the Target became a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company and the business of the Target became the business
of the Company. The diagram below illustrates our corporate structure following the Acquisition:
As of the date hereof, no dividends, distribution
of earnings or other transfers of funds have occurred among Tengjun, Tengjunxiang Biotechnology Ltd. (“Tengjunxiang Cayman”),
Tengjunxiang Biotechnology HK Ltd. (“Tengjunxiang HK”), Shandong Minfu Biotechnology Co. Ltd. (the “WFOE”) and
the PRC subsidiaries or the investors of Tengjun. For the foreseeable future, we intend to use earnings for research and development,
to develop new products and to expand our production capacity. As a result, we do not expect to pay any cash dividends or distribute any
earnings to our shareholders. To the extent that we may in the future seek to fund the business through distribution, dividends or transfer
of funds among Tengjun, Tengjunxiang Cayman, Tengjunxiang HK, the WFOE and the PRC subsidiaries, any such transfer of funds with PRC subsidiaries
is subject to the PRC governmental regulations. The structure of cash flows within Tengjun, Tengjunxiang Cayman, Tengjunxiang HK, the
WFOE and the PRC subsidiaries and a summary of the applicable regulations is as follows: Within the direct holding structure, the cross-border
transfer of funds within us and our PRC subsidiaries is legal and compliant with the laws and regulations of the PRC. The PRC subsidiaries’
ability to distribute dividends is based upon their distributable earnings. Current PRC regulations permit our PRC subsidiaries to pay
dividends to their respective shareholders only out of their accumulated profits, if any, determined in accordance with PRC accounting
standards and regulations. In addition, each of the PRC subsidiaries is required to set aside at least 10% of its after-tax profits each
year, if any, to fund a statutory reserve until such reserve reaches 50% of each of their registered capitals. These reserves are not
distributable as cash dividends.
Business Strategy
Compared with other teas,
dandelion teas enjoy the reputation of having health benefits in China. It is a household concept in China that drinking dandelion teas
may clean the consumers’ livers and purify their digestion system. We intend to leverage that deep-rooted concept to market its
products to the Chinese consumers.
As of December 31, 2022,
we through our operating subsidiaries produced only two types of teas, green dandelion tea and black dandelion tea with another line of
business of manufacturing and selling consumer water purifiers. Our tea products are focused on not only their taste but also their aesthetic
presentation and health benefits. We have started official marketing and distribution of our products, and offer our products in certain
flagship stores in China through regional representatives, online stores and WeChat marketing.
The Company has devoted
substantial resources to establish the entire dandelion production chain, from research and development, plant cultivation, tea leaves
selection, processing, to storing and distributing to the market. Shandong Tengjunxiang, our operating subsidiary in the PRC, was founded
in 2014 and has used the past 8 years to cultivate the dandelion farms, construct its tea manufacturing factory, research and development
center and office buildings. Shandong Tengjunxiang has a wholly-owned subsidiary, Kanglong, which is in the business of design and development
of consumer water purifiers, which are manufactured by our partners and sold by us.
Our goal is to become
a household brand of dandelion tea in each city where we plan to operate our stores, by selling the finest quality teas and related products,
and by providing customers with premium post-sales services.
Principal Products
The Company’s main tea products are Mincheng
Black Dandelion Tea and Mincheng Green Dandelion Tea, of various packages and sizes. Company’s subsidiary Kanglong focuses on designing
and developing consumer water purifiers which are manufactured by our partners. Sales of such water purifiers by us in the Shandong Province
and other provinces in China by our subsidiary Tengjunxiang made up a substantial portion of the revenue of the Company for the fiscal
year ended December 31, 2022.
In addition to the featured dandelion teas, we
also are trying to market and distribute Ejiao (donkey hide gelatin candies), other tea products (including “Puxichun” tea),
packed multigrain porridge, and other nutraceutical products in Shandong Province and other provinces in China.
Production Process
The Company has two operating campuses, Tengjunxiang
Campus I and Tengjunxiang Campus II, and one campus under construction. Tengjunxiang Campus I occupies approximately 52.5 acres of land
located in Jining City Food Industry Park. Inside Tengjunxiang Campus I, there is one tea factory of a total 16,000 square meters that
produces green dandelion tea and black dandelion tea. Our factory has received the “Quality Management System Certificate,”
“Food Safety Management System Certification” and “Environmental Management System Certificate” issued by Beijing
Shenghui Certification Service Co., Ltd. The Company’s factory is equipped with two modern tea production lines, three manual tea
selection lines, one smart packing line having the capacity of producing 6 tons of green dandelion tea and 3 tons of black dandelion tea
on a daily basis.
Our research center has developed modern processing
techniques to produce dandelion tea in a cost efficient manner. With respect to green dandelion tea production, the selected fresh tea
leaves will go through the following steps: cutting- spreading - transporting- finishing- cooling and transporting- air selecting- spreading
again- transporting- stir roasting- drying- and roasting again. We use a different method to produce dandelion black tea, which involves
cutting- lining and tuning - transporting- spreading and drying- kneading- cutting- transporting to the work station- fermenting- dehydration-
drying- and roasting. Our two tea production lines would require only nine workers in total to monitor and facilitate the production process,
which has saved us a lot of labor costs compared to the conventional labor-intensive tea production process. On the other hand, each of
our three tea selection lines would require approximately 120 workers to operate in its full capacity.
Competitive Strength
The Company believes
the following competitive strengths will contribute to the future sales growth:
| ● | Premium Tea Products -
We can produce high quality dandelion green and red teas on a large scale, which can satisfy customers’ need for freshness, healthiness,
and trendiness in all seasons. |
| ● | Focus on Dandelion- We
have shifted our production focus to dandelion teas with firm belief that the Chinese consumers have unmet demands on dandelion products
due to the Chinese herbal medicine concept that dandelion teas have certain health benefits. |
| ● | Cost Performance - Because
we can produce tea products on a massive scale from the tea factory, We offer high-quality teas for competitive prices in the Chinese
consumer market. |
| ● | Integrated streamline process-
We own and control the entire tea production line, from growing and farming dandelion leaves (from its own farm and local farms with
dandelion purchase arrangements), selecting dandelion leaves, processing dandelion leaves into dandelion teas, packing and storing finished
tea products. |
|
● |
Dedicated Marketing Team- We are building our experienced and skilled marketing and sales team to distribute our dandelion teas and water purifiers in China. |
| ● | High Quality Post-sales
Services- We have trained an experienced and knowledgeable customer service team devoted to consumer post-sales services. |
Sales and Marketing
We plan to open at least one franchise store in each city, with a goal
to reach 10,000 franchise dandelion tea stores in China. We intend to provide in-depth training to its sales force about its dandelion
tea products, including their health benefits and skills and tips of making dandelion tea. With respect to the supplies of tea products,
the Company intends to use the spoke-hub model whereby each regional hubs would transport and distribute the tea products to local stores
in that region and also collect the returned products. With respect to consumers in Shandong Province where our headquarters are, we have
formed a seven-person sales committee to research and analyze the customers’ feedback and needs for tea products and then continue
to change and improve the tea products. We expect to leverage the one trademark for the tea products, “Mincheng Dandelion”
to further market and sell our teas to provinces outside Shandong.
For future franchise stores outside Shandong Province,
Company plans to actively monitor and manage the performance of the stores and seek to incorporate information learned through the monitoring
process into its analytic process and future site selection and store retention decisions.
The Company intends to team up with China’s
leading online stores and food ordering and delivery platforms to allow consumers to order its dandelion teas through the Internet. Most
of our tea products are suitable for delivery because of their long shelf life. The black dandelion tea in theory will not expire for
years and the longer it is stored under proper conditions the better the black dandelion tea will taste.
Business Development
and Turnaround
In connection
with the acquisition of Tengjunxiang pursuant to the Share Exchange Agreement, the Company with its subsidiaries commenced its business
operations in processing, packaging, distribution and sale of dandelion teas, producing and sale of water purifiers in China through Tengjunxiang
and its subsidiaries in the People’s Republic of China.
The Company started its
dandelion teas business in 2017. Dandelion teas typically take two to three years to be fermented before drying and packaging for sale.
The Company also developed a new business segment involving the sale of water purifiers with features of energy conservation and environmental
protection. The Company’s water purifiers provide the customers with a home water solution system for drinking water, cooking water,
washing water, and sewer water by filtering tap water.
However, starting in late January 2020, the COVID-19
pandemic triggered a series of lockdowns, social distancing requirements and travel restrictions that had significantly and negatively
affected the business operations of the Company as well as its merchants, business partners and other participants in the Company’s
ecosystem. The Company’s subsidiaries in China had suspended its normal business operations from early 2020 to late 2021 and could
not make any sales until early 2022. Since January 2022, the Company has resumed its business operations and started to turn around to
generate revenues and be profitable. Especially, the Company’s water purifiers have been highly demanded by customers with increased
awareness of water pollution hazard. In response to the strong demand of the market, the Company has timely taken actions to expand its
sales agent team and further promoted the products through its sales network. As a result, during the year ended December 31, 2022, the
Company generated revenue of $150,136,738 and profit of $11,971,674, respectively, as disclosed in the Result of Operations below. The
Company expects that the sales growth momentum in both dandelion teas and water purifier segments will continue in the following years.
Employees
As of the date of this report, we had 27 full-time employees who work
primarily from Shandong, China. We have employment contracts with all of our full-time employees in accordance with the relevant PRC laws.
There are no collective bargaining contracts covering any of our full-time employees. We believe our relationship with our full-time employees
is satisfactory. In addition, from time to time, we hire part-time workers for our business operations.
We have made employee
benefit contributions in accordance with relevant Chinese regulations, including retirement insurance, unemployment insurance, medical
insurance, housing fund, work injury insurance and birth insurance. The Company records a contribution in the general administration expenses
when incurred.
Intellectual Property
We rely on a combination of patent, copyright,
trademark and trade secret laws and restrictions on disclosure to protect our intellectual property rights. Despite our efforts to protect
our proprietary rights, unauthorized parties may attempt to copy or otherwise obtain and use our technology and brand names. Monitoring
unauthorized use of our products and brands is difficult and costly, and we cannot be certain that the steps we have taken will prevent
misappropriation of our technology and brand names, particularly in foreign countries where the laws may not protect our proprietary rights
as fully as in the United States. From time to time, we may have to resort to litigation to enforce our intellectual property rights,
which could result in substantial costs and diversion of our resources.
In addition, third parties may initiate litigation
against us alleging infringement of their proprietary rights. In the event of a successful claim of infringement and our failure or inability
to develop non-infringing technology or license the infringed or similar technology on a timely basis, our business could be harmed. In
addition, even if we are able to license the infringed or similar technology, license fees could be substantial and may adversely affect
our results of operations. See also our discussion of protection of our intellectual property under the “Risk Factors.”
As of the date of this
report, the Company, including its subsidiaries, has 18 utility model patents registered in China regarding its water purifiers,
all of which are registered under its subsidiary Kanglong. In addition, the Company, through Shandong Tengjunxiang, owns the trademark
of “Mincheng Dandelion” (in Chinese) registered with China Intellectual Property Administration.
Insurance
As required by laws and
regulations in China, we participate in various employee social security plans that are organized by municipal and provincial governments,
including housing, pension, medical insurance and unemployment insurance programs. Shandong Tengjunxiang, one of our operating subsidiaries,
is required under Chinese law to make contributions to employee benefit plans at specified percentages of the salaries, bonuses and certain
allowances of its employees, up to a maximum amount specified by the local government from time to time. As of the date of this report,
all of the Company’s full-time employees, including the full-time employees of the Company’s subsidiaries, are fully covered
by those employee social security plans.
Seasonality
The sale of our dandelion
teas (including green and black dandelion teas) is not subject to seasonality in China. In addition, following the abatement of COVID-19,
our consumer water purifiers are not subject to major seasonality trends. We are focusing on marketing and sales of our dandelion teas
and water purifiers as the featured products for the entire company.
Research and Development
Producing Dandelion Teas- with our researchers
and skilled technical consultants, Company has developed and put into commercial production two modern tea production lines, one for green
dandelion tea and one for black dandelion tea, both of which have greatly enhanced the efficiency of making dandelion teas. Our research
and development center is dedicated to exploring more health benefits from dandelion plants and producing more commercially appealing
products.
Licenses, Permits and Regulations
PRC Legal System
The PRC legal system is based on the PRC Constitution
and is made up of written laws, regulations and directives. Decided court cases do not constitute binding precedents.
The National People’s Congress of the PRC
(“NPC”) and the Standing Committee of the NPC are empowered by the PRC Constitution to exercise the legislative power of the
state. The NPC has the power to amend the PRC Constitution and to enact and amend primary laws governing the state organs and civil and
criminal matters. The Standing Committee of the NPC is empowered to interpret, enact and amend laws other than those required to be enacted
by the NPC.
The State Council of the PRC is the highest organ
of state administration and has the power to enact administrative rules and regulations. Ministries and commissions under the State Council
of the PRC are also vested with the power to issue orders, directives and regulations within the jurisdiction of their respective departments.
Administrative rules, regulations, directives and orders promulgated by the State Council and its ministries and commissions must not
be in conflict with the PRC Constitution or the national laws and, in the event that any conflict arises, the Standing Committee of the
NPC has the power to annul such administrative rules, regulations, directives and orders.
At the regional level, the people’s congresses
of provinces and municipalities and their standing committees may enact local rules and regulations and the people’s government
may promulgate administrative rules and directives applicable to their own administrative area. These local laws and regulations may not
be in conflict with the PRC Constitution, any national laws or any administrative rules and regulations promulgated by the State Council.
Rules, regulations or directives may be enacted
or issued at the provincial or municipal level or by the State Council of the PRC or its ministries and commissions in the first instance
for experimental purposes. After sufficient experience has been gained, the State Council may submit legislative proposals to be considered
by the NPC or the Standing Committee of the NPC for enactment at the national level.
PRC Laws and Regulations Relating to Our
Business
Our business and operations in the PRC are subject to government rules
and regulations, including food safety, food manufacturing permit, environmental, working safety, and health regulations. Shandong Tengjunxiang,
the majority-owned subsidiary of the Company, holds food manufacturing permit (valid until April 28, 2024), value added telecommunication
license (valid until November 17, 2025), and auction transaction permit (valid until September 16, 2030). We also obtained the Business
License from the Market Supervision Administration of Jining City and Food Business License from the Food and Drug Administration of Jinxiang
County, for the consumer retail industry, producing, distributing and marketing featured dandelion teas and water purifiers in the PRC,
which is the main business we operate in the PRC. In addition, our factory has received the “Quality Management System Certificate,”
“Food Safety Management System Certification” and “Environmental Management System Certificate” issued by Beijing
Shenghui Certification Service Co., Ltd.
Regulation of Foreign Currency Exchange
Foreign currency exchange in the PRC is governed
by a series of regulations, including the Foreign Currency Administrative Rules (1996), as amended, and the Administrative Regulations
Regarding Settlement, Sale and Payment of Foreign Exchange (1996), as amended. Under these regulations, the Renminbi is freely convertible
for trade and service-related foreign exchange transactions, but not for direct investment, loans or investments in securities outside
the PRC without the prior approval of China’s State Administration of Foreign Exchange. Pursuant to the Administrative Regulations
Regarding Settlement, Sale and Payment of Foreign Exchange (1996), Foreign Investment Entities may purchase foreign exchange without the
approval of the State Administration of Foreign Exchange for trade and service-related foreign exchange transactions by providing commercial
documents evidencing these transactions. They may also retain foreign exchange, subject to a cap approved by the State Administration
of Foreign Exchange, to satisfy foreign exchange liabilities or to pay dividends. However, the relevant Chinese government authorities
may limit or eliminate the ability of foreign investment entities to purchase and retain foreign currencies in the future. In addition,
foreign exchange transactions for direct investment, loan and investment in securities outside the PRC are still subject to limitations
and require approvals from the State Administration of Foreign Exchange.
China has allowed for a more market-based exchange
rate to influence the valuation of the Renmenbi versus global currencies, and supported devaluation consistently over the seven months
prior to the date of this prospectus. To the extent any of our future revenues are denominated in Renmenbi or other currencies other than
the United States dollar, we would be subject to increased risks relating to foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations which could have
a material adverse effect on our financial condition and operating results since operating results are reported in United States dollars
and significant changes in the exchange rate could materially impact our reported earnings.
PRC Enterprise Income Tax Law and Individual
Income Tax Law
Under the Enterprise Income Tax Law or EIT Law,
enterprises are classified as resident enterprises and non-resident enterprises. PRC resident enterprises typically pay an enterprise
income tax at the rate of 25%. An enterprise established outside of the PRC with its “de facto management bodies” located
within the PRC is considered a “resident enterprise,” meaning that it can be treated in a manner similar to a PRC domestic
enterprise for enterprise income tax purposes. The implementation rules of the EIT Law define “de facto management body” as
a managing body that in practice exercises “substantial and overall management and control over the production and operations, personnel,
accounting, and properties” of the enterprise.
The SAT Circular 82 issued by the SAT in April
2009 provides certain specific criteria for determining whether the “de facto management body” of a PRC-controlled offshore
incorporated enterprise is located in China. Pursuant to the SAT Circular 82, a PRC-controlled offshore incorporated enterprise has its
“de facto management body” in China only if all of the following conditions are met: (a) the senior management and core management
departments in charge of its daily operations function have their presence mainly in the PRC; (b) its financial and human resources decisions
are subject to determination or approval by persons or bodies in the PRC; (c) its major assets, accounting books, company seals, and minutes
and files of its board and shareholders’ meetings are located or kept in the PRC; and (d) more than half of the enterprise’s
directors or senior management with voting rights habitually reside in the PRC. The SAT Bulletin 45, in effect from September 2011, provides
more guidance on the implementation of the SAT Circular 82 and provides for procedures and administration details on determining resident
status and administration on post-determination matters. Although the SAT Circular 82 and the SAT Bulletin 45 only apply to offshore enterprises
controlled by PRC enterprises or PRC enterprise groups, not those controlled by PRC individuals or foreign individuals, the determining
criteria set forth there may reflect the SAT’s general position on how the “de facto management body” test should be
applied in determining the tax resident status of offshore enterprises, regardless of whether they are controlled by PRC enterprises or
PRC enterprise groups or by PRC or foreign individuals.
Due to the lack of applicable legal precedents,
it remains unclear how the PRC tax authorities will determine the PRC tax resident treatment of a foreign company controlled by individuals
in the PRC. We may be classified as a PRC “resident enterprise” for PRC enterprise income tax purposes. Such classification
would likely result in unfavorable tax consequences to us and our non-PRC shareholders, and would have a material adverse effect on our
results of operations and the value of your investment.
PRC Value Added Tax
Pursuant to the Provisional Regulation of China
on Value Added Tax, all entities and individuals that are engaged in the businesses of sales of goods, provision of repair and placement
services and importation of goods into China are generally subject to a VAT at a rate of 17% (with the exception of certain goods which
are subject to a rate of 13%) of the gross sales proceeds received, less any VAT already paid or borne by the taxpayer on the goods or
services purchased by it and utilized in the production of goods or provisions of services that have generated the gross sales proceeds.
PRC Business Tax
Companies in China were generally subject to business
tax and related surcharges by various local tax authorities at rates ranging from 3% to 20% on revenue generated from providing services
and revenue generated from the transfer of intangibles. Beginning on May 1, 2016, value added tax replaced the existing business tax in
China, and there is no longer business tax imposed in China.
ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
You should carefully consider the risks described
below together with all of the other information included in this Form 10-K. The statements contained in or incorporated herein that
are not historic facts are forward-looking statements that are subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ
materially from those set forth in or implied by forward-looking statements. See “Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking
Statements.” If any of the following risks actually occurs, our business, financial condition or results of operations could be
harmed. In that case, you may lose all or part of your investment.
Risks Relating to Our Businesses
We may not be able to successfully implement
our growth strategy on a timely basis or at all, which could harm our results of operations.
We are at a nascent stage of our operations. Our ability to successfully
scale the tea and consumer water purification businesses depends on many factors, including:
| ● | Our ability to increase brand
awareness in the PRC and to increase tea consumption; |
| ● | our ability to educate the
consumers in general about the health benefits potentially associated with dandelion teas; |
| ● | the negotiation of acceptable
terms with our suppliers; |
| ● | the maintenance of adequate
distribution capacity, information systems and other operational system capabilities; |
| ● | buying, distribution and other
support operations; |
| ● | the hiring, training and retention
of management and other skilled personnel; |
| ● | expanding our store presence
and enhancing the internet traffic to our tea products; |
| ● | assimilating new store employees
into our corporate culture; |
| ● | the effective sourcing and
management of inventory to meet the needs on a timely basis; |
| ● | the availability of sufficient
levels of cash flow and financing to support our expansion; and |
| ● | the short-term and long-term
effects of COVID-19 on the food services industry in the PRC. |
Our limited operating experience and limited
brand recognition in other regions may limit our expansion strategy and cause our business and growth to suffer.
Our future growth depends, to a considerable extent,
on our expansion efforts into regions of the PRC outside Shandong Province. We have a limited number of customers and limited experience
in operating outside our current areas. We also have limited experience with market practices outside of our current areas and cannot
guarantee that we will be able to penetrate or successfully operate in any market outside of our current region, Shandong Province. We
may also encounter difficulty expanding in other regions’ markets because of limited brand recognition. In particular, we have no
assurance that our marketing efforts will prove successful outside of the narrow geographic regions in which they have been used. The
expansion into other regions may also present competitive, merchandising, forecasting and distribution challenges that are different from
or more severe than those we currently face. Failure to develop new markets outside our current areas or disappointing growth may harm
our business and results of operations.
We face significant competition from other
specialty tea and beverage retailers and retailers of grocery products, which could adversely affect us and our growth plans.
The Chinese tea market is highly fragmented. We
compete directly with a large number of relatively small independently owned tea retailers and a number of regional and national tea retailers,
as well as retailers of grocery products, including loose-leaf tea and tea bags and other beverages. We compete with these retailers on
the basis of taste, quality and price of products offered, store atmosphere, location, customer service and overall customer experience.
We must spend considerable resources to differentiate our customer experience. Some of our competitors may have greater financial, marketing
and operating resources than we do. Therefore, despite our efforts, our competitors may be more successful than us in attracting customers.
In addition, as we continue to drive growth in Shandong Province, our success, combined with relatively low barriers to entry, may encourage
new competitors to enter the market. As we continue to expand geographically, we expect to encounter additional regional and local competitors.
If we are unable to maintain sufficient
levels of cash flow, we may not meet our growth expectations.
We may be unable to obtain any necessary financing
on commercially reasonable terms to pursue or maintain our growth strategy. If we are unable to pursue or maintain our growth strategy,
the market price of our common stock could decline, and our results of operations and profitability could suffer.
Because our tea business is highly concentrated
on a single, discretionary product category, dandelion teas, we are vulnerable to changes in consumer preferences and in economic conditions
affecting disposable income that could harm our financial results.
Our tea business is not diversified and consists
primarily of developing, sourcing, producing, marketing and selling dandelion tea. Consumer preferences often change rapidly and without
warning, moving from one trend to another among many retail concepts. Therefore, our business is substantially dependent on our ability
to educate consumers on the many positive attributes of tea and anticipate shifts in consumer tastes. Any future shifts in consumer preferences
away from the consumption of tea beverages or dandelion tea would also have a material adverse effect on our results of operations. In
particular, there has been an increasing focus on health and wellness by consumers, which we believe has increased demand for products,
such as our teas, that are perceived to be healthier than other beverage alternatives. If such consumer preference trends change, or if
our dandelion teas are not perceived to be healthier than other beverage alternatives, our financial results could be adversely affected.
Consumer purchases of specialty retail products,
including our products, are historically affected by economic conditions such as changes in employment, salary and wage levels, the availability
of consumer credit, inflation, interest rates, tax rates, fuel prices and the level of consumer confidence in prevailing and future economic
conditions. Since the second half of 2019, the recent inflationary pressures in China have materially impacted our operations. We are
currently facing inflationary pressures caused by the increase of transportation cost due to the rising global crude oil prices and potential
decline in consumer discretionary spending on our products caused by the inflation-related pricing increases on non-discretionary consumer
items. Transportation is a key part of our business operations. We rely on gasoline-run vehicles to distribute our products, and thus
the cost of transportation directly impacts our operations. Due to the rising global crude oil prices, our transportation cost has increased
significantly. Consequently, the costs of shipping and distributing our products have increased significantly, which has imposed adverse
effects on our business. In addition, we are facing the risk that discretionary consumer purchases may decline during recessionary periods,
high inflation rate periods, or at other times when disposable income is relatively lower. Our financial performance may become susceptible
to economic and other conditions in regions or countries where we market and distribute our products. Our continued success will depend,
in part, on our ability to anticipate, identify and respond quickly to changing consumer preferences and economic conditions.
Our success depends, in part, on our ability
to source, develop and market new varieties of teas and tea blends, tea accessories and other tea-related merchandise that meet our high
standards and customer preferences.
We currently only offer black and green dandelion
teas under the brand name Mincheng Dandelion. Our success depends in part on our ability to continually innovate, develop, source and
market new varieties of tea beverages, tea accessories and other tea-related merchandise that both meet our standards for quality and
appeal to customers’ preferences. Failure to innovate, develop, source and market new varieties of tea beverages, tea accessories
and other tea-related merchandise that consumers want to buy could lead to a decrease in our sales and profitability.
We may experience negative effects to our
brand and reputation from real or perceived quality or safety issues with our tea products, which could have an adverse effect on our
operating results.
We believe our customers rely on us to provide
them with high-quality tea products. Concerns regarding the safety of our tea products or the safety and quality of our supply chain could
cause consumers to avoid purchasing certain products from us or to seek alternative sources of tea, even if the basis for the concern
has been addressed or is outside of our control. Adverse publicity about these concerns, whether or not ultimately based on fact, and
whether or not involving our tea products, could discourage consumers from buying our tea and have an adverse effect on our brand, reputation
and operating results.
Furthermore, the sale of our tea entails a risk
of product liability claims and the resulting negative publicity. For example, tea leaves supplied to us may contain contaminants that,
if not detected by us, could result in illness or death upon their consumption. We cannot assure you that product liability claims will
not be asserted against us or that we will not be obligated to perform product recalls in the future.
Any loss of confidence on the part of our customers
in the safety and quality of our tea products would be difficult and costly to overcome. Any such adverse effect could be exacerbated
by our position in the market as a purveyor of quality tea and could significantly reduce our brand value. Issues regarding the safety
of any teas sold by us, regardless of the cause, could have a substantial and adverse effect on our sales and operating results.
Use of social media may adversely impact
our reputation or subject us to fines or other penalties.
There has been a substantial increase in the use
of social media platforms and similar devices, including blogs, social media websites, and other forms of Internet-based communications,
which allow individuals access to a broad audience of consumers and other interested persons. As laws and regulations rapidly evolve to
govern the use of these platforms and devices, the failure by us, our employees or third parties acting at our direction to abide by applicable
laws and regulations in the use of these platforms and devices could adversely affect our reputation or subject us to fines or other penalties.
Consumers value readily available information
concerning retailers and their goods and services and often act on such information without further investigation and without regard to
its accuracy. Information concerning us may be posted on social media platforms and similar devices by unaffiliated third parties, whether
seeking to pass themselves off as us or not, at any time, which may be adverse to our reputation or business. The harm may be immediate
without affording us an opportunity for redress or correction.
A shortage in the supply, a decrease in
the quality or an increase in the price of tea or water purifiers as a result of weather conditions, labor shortage, shipping costs, regulatory
changes, crop disease, pests or other natural or manmade causes could impose significant costs and losses on our business segments, products,
lines of services and overall business operations.
Although we have our own dandelion farm, we also
purchase dandelion leaves from local farms which have contracts with us. The supply and price of tea are subject to fluctuation, depending
on demand and other factors outside of our control. In order to maintain our supply to meet consumer demand, we determined the volume
of dandelion tea production based on market orders and accordingly attempt to adjust our production volume based on the market demand.
However, although our line of dandelion business
has not experienced any of the following factors, the supply, quality and price of our teas can be affected by multiple factors in the
future, including:
| ● | labor shortages for dandelion farming and processing; |
| ● | cybersecurity attacks in our supply chain; |
| ● | adverse weather conditions, including floods, drought and
temperature extremes, earthquakes, tsunamis, and other natural disasters; |
| ● | surges or declines in consumer demand of our tea products
for which we are unable to adequately adjust the supply. |
To prevent adverse weather conditions from affecting
our dandelion harvests, we built a small meteorological observation station on our dandelion farm. Our meteorological observation station
can monitor and automatically adjust the amount of water supply to keep the soil moist and to increase yield and quality of our dandelion.
Dandelion tea may be vulnerable to crop disease and pests, which may vary in severity and effect. The costs to control disease and pest
damage vary depending on the severity of the damage and the extent of the plantings affected. Moreover, there can be no assurance that
available technologies to control such conditions will continue to be effective. These conditions can increase costs and decrease sales,
which may have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
With respect to the water purifiers, we were forced
to suspend our manufacture of the water purifiers in the fiscal years of 2020 and 2021 due to the broad COVID-19 related restrictions
on transportation in China in such periods. As such, our water purifier segment was adversely affected by such regulatory action. In 2022,
we have contracted a third party manufacturer to produce certain water purifiers that meet our specific requirements and demands and therefore
we have mitigated the impacts of the recent transportation restrictions on the water purifier business line.
In addition to our recent experience of temporary
production suspension in the water purifier segment due to regulatory changes, the supply, quality and price of our water purifiers can
be affected by multiple factors in the future, including:
| ● | suspension of the production, purchase, sale or maintenance of the water purifiers due to a lack of raw
materials, parts, or equipment; reduced headcounts of our manufacturer; or delayed projects; |
| ● | labor shortages of our third party suppliers; |
| ● | cybersecurity attacks in our supply chain; |
| ● | higher costs due to increases in oil and shipping costs; or |
| ● | surges or declines in consumer demand for the water purifiers for which we are unable to adequately adjust
our supply. |
We rely significantly on information technology
systems and any failure, inadequacy, interruption or security failure of those systems could harm our ability to operate our business
effectively.
We rely on our information technology systems
to effectively manage our business data, tea production lines, communications, point-of-sale, supply chain, order entry and fulfillment,
inventory and distribution centers and other business processes. The failure of our systems to perform as we anticipate could disrupt
our business and result in transaction errors, processing inefficiencies and the loss of sales, causing our business to suffer. Despite
any precautions we may take, our information technology systems may be vulnerable to damage or interruption from circumstances beyond
our control, including fire, natural disasters, systems failures, power outages, viruses, security breaches, cyber-attacks and terrorism,
including breaches of our transaction processing or other systems that could result in the compromise of confidential company, customer
or employee data. Any such damage or interruption could have a material adverse effect on our business, cause us to face significant fines,
customer notice obligations or costly litigation, harm our reputation with our customers, require us to expend significant time and expense
developing, maintaining or upgrading our information technology systems or prevent us from paying our vendors or employees, receiving
payments from our customers or performing other information technology, administrative or outsourcing services on a timely basis. Furthermore,
our ability to conduct our website operations may be affected by changes in foreign, state, provincial and federal privacy laws and we
could incur significant costs in complying with the multitude of foreign, state, provincial and federal laws regarding the unauthorized
disclosure of personal information. Although we carry business interruption insurance, our coverage may not be sufficient to compensate
us for potentially significant losses in connection with the risks described above.
Data security breaches and attempts thereof
could negatively affect our reputation, credibility and business.
We collect and store personal information relating
to our customers and employees, including their personally identifiable information, and rely on third parties for the operation of the
various social media tools and websites we use as part of our marketing strategy. Consumers are increasingly concerned over the security
of personal information transmitted over the Internet (or through other mechanisms), consumer identity theft and user privacy. Any perceived,
attempted or actual unauthorized disclosure of personally identifiable information regarding our employees or customers could harm our
reputation and credibility, reduce our ability to attract and retain customers and could result in litigation against us or the imposition
of significant fines or penalties. We cannot assure you that any of our third-party service providers with access to such personally identifiable
information will maintain policies and practices regarding data privacy and security in compliance with all applicable laws, or that they
will not experience data security breaches or attempts thereof which could have a corresponding adverse effect on our business.
Recently, data security breaches suffered by well-known
companies and institutions have attracted a substantial amount of media attention, prompting new foreign legislative proposals addressing
data privacy and security, as well as increased data protection obligations imposed on merchants by credit card issuers. As a result,
we may become subject to more extensive requirements in the future to protect the customer information that we process in connection with
the purchase of our products, resulting in increased compliance costs.
Our business, results of operations and
financial condition may be adversely affected by global public health epidemics, including the strain of coronavirus known as COVID-19.
In December 2019, a novel strain of coronavirus
causing respiratory illness, or COVID-19, has surfaced in Wuhan, China, spreading at a fast rate in January and February of 2020, and
confirmed cases were also reported in other parts of the world. In reaction to this outbreak, a number of countries imposed travel suspensions
to and from China following the World Health Organization’s “public health emergency of international concern” (PHEIC)
announcement on January 30, 2020. Since this outbreak, business activities in China and many other countries including U.S. have been
disrupted by a series of emergency quarantine measures taken by the government.
China has begun to relax its zero-COVID policy
at the end of 2022, which has prompted uncertainties about the economic and market outlook. A wide range of possible outcomes are possible,
some of which could be highly unfavorable to our business. There remains uncertainty as to the future impact of the virus, especially
in light of this change in domestic policy. The extent to which COVID-19 impacts our results of operations going forward will depend on
future developments which are highly uncertain and unpredictable, including the frequency, duration and extent of outbreaks of COVID-19,
the appearance of new variants with different characteristics, the success or failure of efforts to contain or treat cases, and future
actions we or regulators may take in response. China may experience lower domestic consumption, higher unemployment, severe disruptions
to exporting of goods to other countries and greater economic uncertainty, which may negatively affect our business and financial performance.
Although the COVID-19 pandemic has since abated,
the extent to which COVID-19 may continue to negatively impact our business is highly uncertain and cannot be accurately predicted. Our
intended marketing and sales efforts of our products have been delayed due to COVID-19. We believe that the coronavirus outbreak and the
measures taken to control it may continue to have a negative impact on not only our business, but economic activities globally. The magnitude
of this negative effect on the continuity of our business operation in China and U.S. remains uncertain. These uncertainties impede our
ability to conduct our daily operations and could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations,
and as a result affect our share price and create more volatility.
Litigation may adversely affect our business,
financial condition, results of operations or liquidity.
Our business is subject to the risk of litigation
by employees, consumers, vendors, competitors, intellectual property rights holders, shareholders, government agencies and others through
private actions, class actions, administrative proceedings, regulatory actions or other litigation. The outcome of litigation, particularly
class action lawsuits, regulatory actions and intellectual property claims, is inherently difficult to assess or quantify. Plaintiffs
in these types of lawsuits may seek recovery of very large or indeterminate amounts, and the magnitude of the potential loss relating
to these lawsuits may remain unknown for substantial periods of time. In addition, certain of these lawsuits, if decided adversely to
us or settled by us, may result in liability material to our financial statements as a whole or may negatively affect our operating results
if changes to our business operation are required. Regardless of the outcome or merit, the cost to defend future litigation may be significant
and result in the diversion of management and other company resources. There also may be adverse publicity associated with litigation
that could negatively affect customer perception of our business, regardless of whether the allegations are valid or whether we are ultimately
found liable. As a result, litigation may adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations or liquidity.
Our failure to comply with existing or new
regulations in the PRC, or an adverse action regarding product claims or advertising could have a material adverse effect on our results
of operations and financial condition.
Our business operations, including farming, food
processing, labeling, packaging, advertising, sourcing, distribution and sale of our products, are subject to the Food and Drug Safety
Law and Product Quality Law of the PRC and the applicable regulations. From time to time, we may be subject to challenges to our marketing,
advertising or product claims in litigation or governmental, administrative or other regulatory proceedings. Failure to comply with applicable
regulations or withstand such challenges could result in changes in our supply chain, product labeling, packaging or advertising, loss
of market acceptance of the product by consumers, additional recordkeeping requirements, injunctions, product withdrawals, recalls, product
seizures, fines, monetary settlements or criminal prosecution. Any of these actions could have a material adverse effect on our results
of operations and financial condition.
In addition, consumers who allege that they were
deceived by any statements that were made in advertising or labeling could bring a lawsuit against us under consumer protection laws.
If we were subject to any such claims, while we would defend ourselves against such claims, we may ultimately be unsuccessful in our defense.
Defending ourselves against such claims, regardless of their merit and ultimate outcome, would likely result in a significant distraction
for management, be lengthy and costly and could adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition. In addition, the negative
publicity surrounding any such claims could harm our reputation and brand image.
We may not be able to protect our intellectual
property adequately, which could harm the value of our brand and adversely affect our business.
We believe that our intellectual property, including
the trademark and patents, has substantial value and has contributed significantly to the success of our business. In particular, our
trademarks, and the unregistered names of a significant number of the varieties of tea beverages that we sell, are valuable assets that
reinforce the distinctiveness of our brand and our customers’ favorable perception of our stores.
We also strive to protect our intellectual property
rights by relying on PRC laws, as well as contractual restrictions with our employees, contractors (including those who develop, source,
manufacture, store and distribute our tea beverages, light meals, baked goods, tea accessories and other tea-related merchandise), vendors
and other third parties. However, we may not enter into confidentiality and/or invention assignment agreements with every employee, contractor
and service provider to protect our proprietary information and intellectual property ownership rights. Those agreements that we do execute
may be breached, resulting in the unauthorized use or disclosure of our proprietary information. Individuals not subject to invention
assignments agreements may make adverse ownership claims to our current and future intellectual property, and even the existence of executed
confidentiality agreements may not deter independent development of similar intellectual property by others. Unauthorized disclosure of
or claims to our intellectual property or confidential information may adversely affect our business.
From time to time, third parties may sell our
products using our name without our consent, and, we believe, may infringe or misappropriate our intellectual property rights. We will
respond to these actions on a case-by-case basis and where appropriate may commence litigation to protect our intellectual property rights.
However, we may not be able to detect unauthorized use of our intellectual property or to take appropriate steps to enforce, defend and
assert our intellectual property in all instances.
Effective trade secret, patent, copyright, trademark
and domain name protection is expensive to obtain, develop and maintain, both in terms of initial and ongoing registration or prosecution
requirements and expenses and the costs of defending our rights. Our trademark and patent rights and related registrations may be challenged
in the future and could be opposed, canceled or narrowed. Our failure to register or protect our trademarks could prevent us in the future
from using our trademarks or challenging third parties who use names and logos similar to our trademarks, which may in turn cause customer
confusion, impede our marketing efforts, negatively affect customers’ perception of our brand, stores and products, and adversely
affect our sales and profitability. Moreover, intellectual property proceedings and infringement claims brought by or against us could
result in substantial costs and a significant distraction for management and have a negative impact on our business. We cannot assure
you that we are not infringing or violating, and have not infringed or violated, any third-party intellectual property rights, or that
we will not be accused of doing so in the future.
In addition, although we have also taken steps
to protect our intellectual property rights in the PRC, other entities may have rights to trademarks that contain portions of our marks
or may have registered similar or competing marks in foreign countries. There may also be other prior registrations in other foreign countries
of which we are not aware. We may need to expend additional resources to defend our trademarks in these countries, and the inability to
defend such trademarks could impair our brand or adversely affect the growth of our business internationally.
Continued innovation and the successful
development and timely launch of new products are critical to our financial results and achievement of our growth strategy.
Achievement of our growth strategy is dependent,
among other things, on our ability to extend the product offerings of our brand and introduce innovative new products, including new tea
products. Although we devote significant time and resources to the development of new products, we may not be successful in developing
innovative new products or our new products may not be commercially successful. Additionally, our new product introductions are often
time sensitive, and thus failure to deliver innovations on schedule could be detrimental to our ability to successfully launch such new
products, in addition to potentially harming our reputation and customer loyalty. Our financial results and our ability to maintain or
improve our competitive position will depend on our ability to effectively gauge the direction of our key marketplaces and successfully
identify, develop, manufacture, market and sell new or improved products in these changing marketplaces.
Due to factors such as adverse weather
conditions, our operating results are subject to fluctuations.
The sales of our products are influenced to some
extent by weather conditions in the geographies in which we operate. Unusually cold weather during the winter months or unusually hot
weather during the summer months may have a temporary decrease on the demand for some of our products and contribute to lower sales, which
could have an adverse effect on our results of operations for such periods.
Changes in the beverage environment and
retail landscape could impact our financial results.
The beverage environment is rapidly evolving as
a result of, among other things, changes in consumer preferences; shifting consumer tastes and needs; changes in consumer lifestyles;
and competitive product and pricing pressures. In addition, the beverage retail landscape is dynamic and constantly evolving, not only
in emerging and developing marketplaces, where modern trade is growing at a faster pace than traditional trade outlets, but also in developed
marketplaces, where discounters and value stores, as well as the volume of transactions through e-commerce, are growing at a rapid pace.
If we are unable to successfully adapt to the rapidly changing environment and retail landscape, our share of sales, volume growth and
overall financial results could be negatively affected.
Price increases may not be sufficient to
offset cost increases and maintain profitability or may result in sales volume declines.
We may be able to pass some or all ingredient,
energy and other input cost increases to customers by increasing the selling prices of our products or decreasing the size of our products;
however, higher product prices or decreased product sizes may also result in a reduction in sales volume and/or consumption. If we are
not able to increase our selling prices or reduce product sizes sufficiently to offset increased raw material, energy or other input costs,
including packaging, direct labor, overhead and employee benefits, or if our sales volume decreases significantly, there could be a negative
impact on our results of operations and financial condition.
Our failure to accurately forecast customer
demand for our products, or to quickly adjust to forecast changes, could adversely affect our business and financial results.
There is inherent risk in forecasting demand due
to the uncertainties involved in assessing the current demand level of our tea products. We will be setting target levels for the production
of our beverages and foods in advance of customer orders based upon our forecasts of customer demand.
If our forecasts exceed demand, we could experience
excess inventory in the short-term, excess manufacturing capacity in the short and long-term, and/or price decreases, all of which could
impact our financial performance. In addition, we may be contractually bound to minimum purchase commitments over a period of time which
exceed customer demand. Alternatively, if the demand exceeds our forecasts significantly beyond our current production capacity, we may
not be able to satisfy customer demand, which could result in a loss of market share if our competitors are able to meet customer demand.
A failure to accurately predict the level of demand for our products could adversely affect our net revenues and net income.
Incidents involving tampering, adulteration,
contamination or mislabeling of our dandelion tea, whether or not accurate, as well as adverse public or medical opinions about the health
effects of consuming our dandelion products, could harm our business.
Instances or reports, whether true or not, of
unclean water supply or food-safety issues, such as food or beverage-borne illnesses, tampering, adulteration, contamination or mislabeling,
either during growing, manufacturing, packaging, storing or preparation, have in the past severely injured the reputations of companies
in the food and tea beverage processing, grocery and quick-service restaurant sectors. Any report linking us to such instances could severely
hurt our sales and could possibly lead to product liability claims, litigation (including class actions) and/or temporary store closures.
Clean environment, including farming, processing, packaging and storing environment, is critical to the preparation of dandelion tea,
and our ability to ensure a clean environment at each stage of production can be limited, particularly in some rural locations.
Additionally, we are evolving our product lineup
to include more local or smaller suppliers for some of our fresh tea leaves who may not have as rigorous quality and safety systems and
protocols as larger or more national suppliers. In addition, instances of beverage-safety issues, even those involving solely the restaurants
or stores of competitors or of suppliers or distributors (regardless of whether we use or have used those suppliers or distributors),
could, by resulting in negative publicity about us in general, adversely affect our sales on a regional or national basis. A decrease
in customer traffic as a result of safety concerns or negative publicity, or as a result of product recalls or litigation, could materially
harm our business and results of operations.
Risks Relating to Doing Business in the PRC
The Chinese regulatory authorities could
disallow our direct ownership structure, which would likely result in a material change in our operations and/or a material change in
the value of the securities we are registering for sale, including that it could cause the value of such securities to significantly decline
or become worthless.
As a Nevada holding company, and not a Chinese
operating company, the Company operates through its PRC subsidiaries in mainland China and this structure involves unique risks to the
investors. We conduct business primarily in mainland China and as a result are subject to mainland Chinese law. There are legal and operational
risks associated with having operations in mainland China. The Chinese regulatory authorities could disallow this direct ownership structure,
which would likely result in a material change in our operations and/or a material change in the value of the securities we are registering
for sale, including that it could cause the value of such securities to significantly decline or become worthless.
Changes in China’s economic, political,
or social conditions or government policies could have a material adverse effect on our business and operations.
Substantially all of our assets and operations
are currently located in China. Accordingly, our business, financial condition, results of operations, and prospects may be influenced,
to a significant degree, by political, economic, and social conditions in China generally. The Chinese economy differs from the economies
of most developed countries in many respects, including the level of government involvement, level of development, growth rate, control
of foreign exchange, and allocation of resources. Although the Chinese government has implemented measures emphasizing the utilization
of market forces for economic reform, including the reduction of state ownership of productive assets and the establishment of improved
corporate governance in business enterprises, a substantial portion of productive assets in China is still owned by the government. In
addition, the Chinese government continues to play a significant role in regulating industries by imposing regulatory guidance or policies.
The Chinese government also exercises significant control over China’s economic growth by allocating resources, controlling payment
of foreign currency-denominated obligations, setting monetary policies, and providing preferential treatment to particular industries
or companies.
While the Chinese economy has experienced significant
growth over the past decades, growth has been uneven, both geographically and among various sectors of the economy. Any adverse changes
in economic conditions in China, in the policies of the Chinese government, or in the laws and regulations in China could have a material
adverse effect on the overall economic growth of China. Such developments could adversely affect our business and operating results, reduce
demand for our services, and weaken our competitive position. The Chinese government has implemented various measures to encourage economic
growth and guided the allocation of various types of resources. Some of these measures may benefit the overall Chinese economy, but others
may have a negative effect on our operations. For example, our financial condition and results of operations may be adversely affected
by government control over capital investments or changes in tax regulations. In the past, the Chinese government has implemented certain
measures to control the pace of economic growth, such as interest rate adjustments. These measures may decrease the auto-mobile based
transportation activities in China, which may adversely affect the overall auto insurance demands and our business.
Furthermore, our China based operating entities,
Shangdong Tengjunxiang and Kanglong, as well as our investors, face uncertainty about future actions by the Chinese government that could
significantly affect our financial performance and operations in China. As of the date of this current report, there is no laws, regulations
or other rules require our China based operating entities to obtain permission or approvals from Chinese authorities to list its affiliate’s
securities on U.S. exchanges, and neither we nor our China based operating entities have received or were denied such permission. However,
there is no guarantee that we or Shandong Tengjunxiang will receive or not be denied permission from Chinese authorities to list on U.S.
exchanges in the future.
Changes in the policies of the PRC government
could have a significant impact upon our ability to operate profitably in the PRC.
Currently, we conduct all of our operations and
all of our revenue is generated in the PRC. Accordingly, economic, political and legal developments in the PRC will significantly affect
our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects. Policies of the PRC government can have significant effects on
economic conditions in the PRC and the ability of businesses to operate profitably. Our ability to operate profitably in the PRC may be
adversely affected by changes in policies by the PRC government, including changes in laws, regulations or their interpretation.
PRC laws and regulations governing our current
business operations are sometimes vague and uncertain and any changes in such laws and regulations may impair our ability to operate profitably.
Changes and uncertainty in PRC laws and interpretation may materially and adversely affect our business performance and impede our operations
in China.
There are substantial uncertainties regarding
the interpretation and enforcement of PRC laws and regulations including, but not limited to, the laws and regulations governing our tea
business. The laws and regulations over Chinese food safety are sometimes vague and may be subject to future changes, and their official
interpretation and enforcement may involve substantial uncertainty. The effectiveness and interpretation of newly enacted laws or regulations
and amendments to existing laws and regulations, may adversely affect our business operations. New laws and regulations may also have
retroactive effects on our operations in certain circumstances. We cannot predict what effect the new PRC laws and regulations and new
interpretation of existing PRC laws or regulations may have on our business.
On July 6, 2021, the General Office of the Communist
Party of China Central Committee and the General Office of the State Council jointly issued an announcement to crack down on illegal activities
in the securities market and promote the high-quality development of the capital market, which, among other things, requires the relevant
governmental authorities to strengthen cross-border oversight of law-enforcement and judicial cooperation, to enhance supervision over
China-based companies listed overseas, and to establish and improve the system of extraterritorial application of the PRC securities laws.
Since this announcement is relatively new, uncertainties still exist in relation to how soon legislative or administrative regulation
making bodies will respond and what existing or new laws or regulations or detailed implementations and interpretations will be modified
or promulgated, if any, and the potential impact such modified or new laws and regulations will have on companies like us.
On February 17, 2023, the China Securities Regulatory
Commission (“CSRC”) released a set of regulations, including the Trial Administrative Measures of Overseas Securities Offering
and Listing by Domestic Companies, or the Trial Measures, and certain supporting guidelines, collectively, the Filing Measures, effective
March 31, 2023. On February 24, 2023, the CSRC, the State Secrecy Bureau, the State Archives Administration and the Ministry of Finance
jointly promulgated the Provisions on Strengthening the Confidentiality and File Management Work Related to Overseas Issuance and Listing
of Securities by Domestic Enterprises, which came into force on March 31, 2023. The provisions aim to develop a gatekeeping mechanism
in the provision of information by domestic enterprises to the relevant securities companies, securities service institutions, overseas
regulatory authorities or other entity or individual, so as to prevent sensitive information from leakage and prescribe protective protocols
for any residual sensitive information that still has to be provided. The impact of such new measures remains to be seen and further regulatory
changes may have an adverse impact on our ability to operate our businesses in China.
Because our business is conducted in Chinese
dollars or RMB and the price of our common stock is quoted in United States dollars, changes in currency conversion rates may affect the
amount of proceeds we will receive after the currency exchange from U.S. dollars to RMB.
Our business is conducted in the PRC, our internal
books and records are recorded in renminbi or “RMB”, which is the legal currency of the PRC, and the audited consolidated
financial statements that we file with the SEC and provide to our shareholders are presented in United States dollars. Changes in the
exchange rate between the RMB and U.S. dollars would affect the value of our assets and the results of our operations denominated in United
States dollars. The value of the RMB against the United States dollars and other currencies may fluctuate and is affected by, among other
things, changes in the PRC’s political and economic conditions and perceived changes in the economy of the PRC and the United States.
Any significant revaluation of the RMB may materially and adversely affect our cash flows, revenue and financial condition presented in
U.S. dollars.
If we become subject to the scrutiny, criticism
and negative publicity involving U.S.-listed Chinese companies, we may have to expend significant resources to investigate and resolve
such matters, which could harm our business operations, stock price and reputation.
U.S. public companies that have substantially
all of their operations in China have been the subject of intense scrutiny, criticism and negative publicity by investors, financial commentators
and U.S. regulatory agencies. Much of the scrutiny, criticism and negative publicity has centered on financial and accounting irregularities,
lack of effective internal controls over financial accounting, inadequate corporate governance policies and, in many cases, allegations
of fraudulent activities. As a result of the scrutiny, criticism and negative publicity, the publicly traded stocks of many U.S. listed
Chinese companies have experienced and may experience in the future high volatility in trading prices and market value and, in some cases,
may be subject to the delisting procedures from the national stock exchanges. Some of these companies are now subject to shareholder lawsuits
and SEC enforcement actions and are conducting internal and external investigations into the allegations. It is not clear what effect
this sector-wide scrutiny, criticism and negative publicity will have on our business and stock prices when listed on a national stock
exchange. If we become the subject of any unfavorable allegations, whether such allegations are proven to be true or false, we will have
to expend significant capital and time to investigate such allegations and defend our company. If such allegations are proven to have
merits, we and our business operations could be severely affected and you could sustain a significant loss in your investment in our common
stock.
Increases in labor costs in the PRC may
adversely affect our business and our profitability.
China’s economy has experienced increases
in labor costs in recent years, which is expected to continue to grow. The average wage level for our employees has also increased in
recent years. We expect that our labor costs, including wages and employee benefits and additional personal protective equipment during
COVID-19, will continue to increase. Unless we are able to pass on these increased labor costs to our customers by increasing prices for
our services or insurance products, our profitability and results of operations may be materially and adversely affected.
In addition, we have been subject to stricter
regulatory requirements in terms of entering into labor contracts with our employees and paying various statutory employee benefits, including
pensions, housing fund, medical insurance, work-related injury insurance, unemployment insurance and childbearing insurance to designated
government agencies for the benefits of our employees. Pursuant to the PRC Labor Contract Law that became effective in January 2008 and
its rules and amendments promulgated thereunder, employers are subject to stricter requirements in terms of labor contracts, minimum wages,
payments of remuneration, terms of probation and unilateral termination of labor contracts. In the event that we decide to terminate some
of our employees or otherwise alter our employment or labor practices, the PRC Labor Contract Law and regulations may limit our ability
to effect those changes in a desirable or cost-effective manner, which could adversely affect our business and results of operations.
As the interpretation and implementation of the
PRC Labor Contract Laws and regulations continue evolving, we cannot assure you that our employment practice does not and will not violate
such rules and regulations in China, which may subject us to labor disputes or government investigations. If we are deemed to have violated
relevant labor laws and regulations, we could be required to provide additional compensation to our employees and our business, financial
condition and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected.
Failure to make adequate contributions to
various employee benefits plans as required by PRC regulations may subject us to penalties.
Companies operating in China are required to participate
in various government sponsored employee benefit plans, including certain social insurance, housing funds and other welfare payment obligations,
and contribute to the plans in such amounts in relation to their employees’ salaries, as specified by the local government where
the business operations are. Such requirement to contribute to employee benefit plans has not been implemented consistently by the local
governments in China given the different levels of economic development in different locations. If we fail to make contributions to certain
employee benefit plans or fail to comply with applicable PRC labor laws or regulations in the future, we may be subject to penalties and
fines and/or catch-up contributions to certain employee benefit plans. A large lump sum payment obligation due to certain labor law violations
will likely negatively affect our financial condition and results of operations.
Regulation and censorship of information
disseminated over the internet in China may adversely affect our business and reputation and subject us to liability for information displayed
on our website.
The PRC government has adopted regulations governing
internet access and the distribution of news and information over the internet. Under these regulations, internet content providers and
internet publishers are prohibited from posting or displaying over the internet content that, among other things, violates PRC laws and
regulations, impairs the national dignity of China, or is reactionary, obscene, superstitious, fraudulent or defamatory. Failure to comply
with these requirements may result in the revocation of licenses to provide internet content and other licenses, and the closure of the
concerned websites. The website operator may also be held liable for such censored information displayed on or linked to the websites.
If our website is found to be in violation of any such requirements, we may be penalized by relevant authorities, and our online insurance
operations or reputation could be adversely affected.
The Chinese government exerts substantial
influence over the manner in which we must conduct our business activities. We are currently not required to obtain approval from any
Chinese authority to quote our common shares on the OTC Markets. However, if we were required to obtain any type of securities listing
approval from the PRC government in the future and were denied such permission, we would not be able to continue being quoted on the OTC
Markets or offering securities to investors, and therefore our share price would significantly depreciate.
The Chinese government has exercised and continues
to exercise substantial control over virtually every sector of the Chinese economy through regulations and state ownership. Our ability
to operate in China may be harmed by changes in its laws and regulations, including those relating to taxation, insurance commissions,
property and other matters. The central or local governments of these jurisdictions may impose new and restrictive regulations or interpretations
of existing regulations that would require additional expenditures and efforts on our part to ensure our compliance with such regulations
or interpretations. Accordingly, government actions in the future, including any decision not to continue to support recent economic reforms
and to return to a more centrally planned economy or regional or local variations in the implementation of economic policies, could have
a significant effect on economic conditions in China, and result in a material change in our operations and/or the value of our common
stock.
For example, the Chinese cybersecurity regulator
announced on July 2, 2021, that it had begun an investigation of Didi Global Inc. (NYSE: DIDI) and two days later ordered that Didi Global
Inc.’s application be removed from all the smartphone application stores in China.
Given the example of Didi Global Inc. and recent
statements of by the Chinese government indicating an intent to exert more oversight and control overseas offerings and foreign investments
in Chinese companies, our dandelion tea production business may be subject to various government and regulatory interference once this
Acquisition is completed and such regulatory actions could significantly limit or completely hinder our ability to offer or continue to
offer securities to non-Chinese investors and directly cause the value and trading prices of our common shares to significantly decline
or become worthless.
Although we are currently not required to obtain
any permission from any PRC government to quote our shares of common stock on the OTC Markets, it will remain uncertain when and whether
we will be required to obtain any permission from the PRC government to do so in the future, and even when we obtain such permission in
accordance with the new rules and regulations, it will be unclear whether such permission will be rescinded or revoked at some point in
time.
In light of recent events indicating greater
oversight by the Cyberspace Administration of China (the “CAC”) over data security, we may be subject to a variety of PRC
laws and other obligations regarding cybersecurity and data protection, and any failure to comply with applicable laws and obligations
could have a material adverse effect on our business, our quotation on the OTC Markets, financial condition, results of operations, and
the offering.
The regulatory requirements with respect to cybersecurity
and data privacy are constantly evolving and can be subject to varying interpretations, and significant changes, resulting in uncertainties
about the scope of our responsibilities in that regard. Failure to comply with the cybersecurity and data privacy requirements in a timely
manner, or at all, may subject us to government enforcement actions and investigations, fines, penalties, suspension or disruption of
our operations, among other things. The Cybersecurity Law, which was adopted by the National People’s Congress on November 7, 2016
and came into force on June 1, 2017, and the Cybersecurity Review Measures, or the “Review Measures,” which were promulgated
on April 13, 2020, provide that personal information and important data collected and generated by a critical information infrastructure
operator in the course of its operations in China must be stored in China, and if a critical information infrastructure operator purchases
internet products and services that affect or may affect national security, it should be subject to cybersecurity review by the CAC. In
addition, a cybersecurity review is required where critical information infrastructure operators, or the “CIIOs,” purchase
network-related products and services, which products and services affect or may affect national security. Due to the lack of further
interpretations, the exact scope of what constitute a “CIIO” remains unclear. Further, the PRC government authorities may
have wide discretion in the interpretation and enforcement of these laws.
On June 10, 2021, the Standing Committee of the
National People’s Congress promulgated the Data Security Law, which took effect on September 1, 2021. The Data Security Law requires
that data shall not be collected by theft or other illegal means, and also provides for a data classification and hierarchical protection
system. The data classification and hierarchical protection system puts data into different groups according to its importance in economic
and social development, and the damages it may cause to national security, public interests, or the legitimate rights and interests of
individuals and organizations in case the data is falsified, damaged, disclosed, illegally obtained or illegally used. In addition, the
Office of the Central Cyberspace Affairs Commission and the Office of Cybersecurity Review under the CAC, published the Cybersecurity
Review Measures (Revised Draft for Comments), or the “Review Measures Draft,” on July 10, 2021, which provides that, aside
from CIIOs, data processing operators engaging in data processing activities that affect or may affect national security, must be subject
to the cybersecurity review by the Cybersecurity Review Office. According to the Review Measures Draft, a cybersecurity review is conducted
by the CAC, to assess potential national security risks that may be brought about by any procurement, data processing, or overseas listing.
The Review Measures Draft further, if effective, would require that critical information infrastructure operators and services and data
processing operators that possess personal data of at least one (1) million users must apply for a review by the Cybersecurity Review
Office of PRC, if they plan to conduct securities listings on foreign exchanges. While the Review Measures Draft has been released for
consultation purpose and has not become effective (as of September 23, 2021), there is uncertainty about its final content, its adoption
timeline or effective date, its final interpretation and implementation, and various other implications. It also remains uncertain whether
any future regulatory changes would impose additional restrictions on companies like us.
We are subject to PRC laws relating to the collection,
use, sharing, retention, security, and transfer of confidential and private information. We have not been subject to any penalties, fines,
suspensions, investigations from any competent authorities for violation of the regulations or policies that have been issued by the CAC
to date.
However, it remains uncertain as to how the Review
Measures Draft will be interpreted or implemented and whether the PRC regulatory agencies, including the CAC, may adopt new laws, regulations,
rules, or detailed implementation and interpretation related to the Review Measures Draft. If any such new laws, regulations, rules, or
implementation and interpretation come into effect, we expect to take all reasonable measures and actions to comply therewith. However,
we cannot assure you that PRC regulatory agencies, including the CAC, would take the same view as we do, and we will not be subject to
the cybersecurity review by the CAC or designated as a CIIO. We may experience disruptions to our operations should we be required to
have a cybersecurity review by the CAC. Any cybersecurity review could also result in uncertainty to our common stock being quoted on
the OTC Markets, negative impacts on our share trading prices and diversion of our managerial and financial resources.
The regulatory review and the development
of regulations across the U.S. and China, may subject us to uncertainties of whether we can meet such regulations and development of regulations.
Adverse regulatory developments in China may subject
us to additional regulatory review and expose us to government interference, and additional disclosure requirements and regulatory scrutiny
to be adopted by the SEC in response to risks related to recent regulatory developments in China may impose additional compliance requirements
for companies like us with significant China-based operations, all of which could increase our compliance costs, subject us to additional
disclosure requirements, and/or suspend or terminate our future securities offerings, making capital-raising more difficult.
The approval of the China Securities Regulatory
Commission (the “CSRC”) and other compliance procedures may be required in the future for us to continue being quoted on the
OTC Markets, and, if required, we cannot predict whether we will be able to obtain such approval.
Uncertainties with respect to the PRC legal system
could adversely affect us, the rules and regulations in China can change quickly with little advance notice, and such uncertainties materially
and adversely affect our business and impede our ability to continue our operations in China. If we become directly subject to the recent
scrutiny, criticism and negative publicity involving U.S.-listed Chinese companies, we may have to expend significant resources to investigate
and resolve the matter which could harm our business operations and our reputation and could result in a loss of your investment in our
securities, especially if such matter cannot be addressed and resolved favorably.
The newly enacted “Holding Foreign
Companies Accountable Act” and proposed “Accelerating Holding Foreign Companies Accountable Act” both call for additional
and more stringent criteria to be applied to restrictive market companies upon assessing the qualification of their auditors, especially
the non-U.S. auditors who are not inspected by the PCAOB. These developments could add uncertainties to our offering and if our auditors
fail to permit the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (“PCAOB”) to inspect the auditing firm, our class A ordinary
shares may be subject to delisting.
On April 21, 2020, the SEC and the PCAOB released
a joint statement highlighting the risks associated with investing in companies based in or having substantial operations in certain “restrictive
markets,” including China. The joint statement emphasized the risks associated with lack of access from the PCAOB to inspect auditors
and audit work papers in China and higher risks of fraud in the markets where the PCAOB has limited access to the local auditing firms
and their work.
On May 18, 2020, Nasdaq filed three proposals
with the SEC to (i) apply a minimum offering size requirement for companies primarily operating in a restrictive market, (ii) adopt a
new requirement relating to the qualification of management or the board of directors of companies in the restrictive markets, and (iii)
apply additional and more stringent criteria to an applicant or listed company based on the qualifications of the company’s auditor.
On December 18, 2020, the “Holding Foreign
Companies Accountable Act” (the “HFCAA”) was signed by President Donald Trump and became law. This legislation requires
certain issuers to establish that they are not owned or controlled by a foreign government. Specifically, an issuer must make this certification
if the PCAOB is unable to audit specified reports because the issuer has retained a foreign public accounting firm that is not subject
to inspection by the PCAOB. Furthermore, if the PCAOB is unable to inspect the issuer’s public accounting firm for three consecutive
years, the issuer’s securities are banned from trading on a national stock exchange.
On September 22, 2021, the PCAOB adopted a final
rule implementing the HFCAA, which became law in December 2020. Pursuant to the HFCAA, the PCAOB issued a Determination Report on December
16, 2021, which found that the PCAOB was unable to inspect or investigate completely certain named registered public accounting firms
headquartered in mainland China and Hong Kong. On December 29, 2022, the Accelerating Holding Foreign Companies Accountable Act (the “AHFCAA”)
was signed into law, amending the HFCAA and requiring the SEC to prohibit an issuer’s securities from trading on any U.S. stock
exchange if its auditor is not subject to PCAOB inspections for two consecutive years instead of three consecutive years.
The limited PCAOB inspection in China prevents
the PCAOB from fully evaluating audits and quality control procedures of the auditors in China. As a result, investors may be deprived
of the benefits of such PCAOB inspections and supervision. The inability of the PCAOB to conduct inspections of auditors in China makes
it more difficult to evaluate the effectiveness of these public accounting firms’ audit procedures or quality control procedures,
which could cause existing investors and potential investors in our Ordinary Shares to lose confidence in our audit procedures and audited
financial statements.
On August 26, 2022, the SEC issued a statement
announcing that the PCAOB signed a Statement of Protocol with the CSRC and the Ministry of Finance of the People’s Republic of China
governing inspections and investigations of audit firms based in China and Hong Kong, jointly agreeing on the need for a framework. On
December 15, 2022, the PCAOB announced that it has secured complete access to inspect and investigate registered public accounting firms
headquartered in mainland China and Hong Kong and voted to vacate the previous 2021 Determination Report to the contrary.
On March 23, 2023, we elected not to continue
the engagement of KCCW Accountancy Corp. serving as the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm and approved the
engagement of PWN LLP as the Company’s new independent registered public accounting firm. Our auditor PWN LLP is an independent
registered public accounting firm with the PCAOB and is subject to laws in the U.S. pursuant to which the PCAOB conducts regular inspections
to assess its compliance with the applicable professional standards. Our auditor has been inspected by the PCAOB on a regular basis. However,
the above recent developments may have added uncertainties to our securities trading on the OTC Markets, to which the OTC Markets may
apply additional and more stringent criteria with respect to our auditor’s audit and quality control procedures, adequacy of personnel
and training, sufficiency of resources, geographic reach, and experience as related to their audits. If our independent registered public
accounting firm fails to permit PCAOB to inspect its firm, our common stock may be prohibited from trading on the OTC Markets or subject
to delisting by the stock exchange where such common shares will be listed.
Risks Relating to Our Securities
You may experience dilution of your ownership
interests because of the future issuance of additional common stock of the Company.
In the future, we may issue additional authorized
but previously unissued equity securities, resulting in the dilution of the ownership interests of our current shareholders. We may also
issue additional shares of our securities that are convertible into or exercisable for shares of common stock, as the case may be, in
connection with hiring or retaining employees, future acquisitions, future financing, and other purposes. The future issuance of any such
additional shares may create downward pressure on the market price of our common stock. There can be no assurance that we will not be
required to issue additional shares, warrants or other convertible securities in the future in conjunction with any capital raising efforts
at a price (or exercise prices) below the price at which our shares may be valued or priced in a public market.
There is not an active liquid trading market
for the Company’s Common Stock.
There is no regular active trading market in the
Company’s Common Stock, and we cannot guarantee that an active trading market will develop. If an active market for the Company’s
Common Stock develops, there is a significant risk that the Company’s stock price may fluctuate dramatically in the future in response
to any of the following factors, some of which are beyond our control:
| ● | variations in our operating
results; |
| ● | announcements that our revenue
or income are below expectations; |
| ● | general economic slowdowns; |
| ● | sales of large blocks of the
Company’s Common Stock; and |
| ● | announcements by us or our
competitors of significant contracts, acquisitions, strategic partnerships, joint ventures or capital commitments. |