CHGI China Carbon Graphite Group Inc (CE)

Item 1. Financial Statements.

China Carbon Graphite Group, Inc. and subsidiaries

Consolidated Balance Sheets

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited consolidated financial statements.

China Carbon Graphite Group, Inc and subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss

(Unaudited)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited consolidated financial statements.

China Carbon Graphite Group, Inc and subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(Unaudited)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited consolidated financial statements.

China Carbon Graphite Group, Inc. and subsidiaries

Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Unaudited Financial Statements

September 30, 2018

(1) Organization and Business

China Carbon Graphite Group, Inc. (the “Company”), through its subsidiaries, is engaged in the research and development, production and sales of graphene and graphene oxide and graphite bipolar plates in the People’s Republic of China (“China” or the “PRC”). The Company has developed its own graphene prototype and produces the products by orders only. The Company outsource the production of large orders to third parties as it has not commercialized its product prototype. We also operate a business-to-business and business-to-consumers Internet portal (www.roycarbon.com) for graphite related products. Vendors can sell raw materials, industrial commodities and consumer (household) commodities to both business and consumers through the website by paying a fee for each transaction conducted through the website. 

The Company was incorporated on February 13, 2003 in Nevada under the name Achievers Magazine Inc. In connection with the reverse merger transaction described below, the Company’s corporate name was changed to China Carbon Graphite Group, Inc. on January 30, 2008.

On December 17, 2007, the Company completed a share exchange pursuant to a share exchange agreement with Sincere Investment (PTC), Ltd. (“Sincere”), a British Virgin Islands corporation. Sincere was the sole stockholder of Talent International Investment Limited (“Talent”), a British Virgin Islands corporation, which is the sole stockholder of XingheYongle Carbon Co., Ltd. (“Yongle”), a company organized under the laws of the PRC. Pursuant to the share exchange agreement, the Company issued 9,388,172 shares of common stock to Sincere in exchange for all of the outstanding on stock of Talent, and Talent became a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company. Upon completion of the reverse merger, the Company’s business became the business of Talent, its subsidiaries and its affiliated variable interest entities.

On June 10, 2014, the Company entered into an asset purchase agreement (the “Agreement”) by and among the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiary, Yongle (together with the Company, the “Sellers”), and Dengyong Jin and Benhua Du (collectively “Purchasers”). Pursuant to the Agreement, the Purchasers purchased all of the rights and obligations of Yongle with relating to Xingyong under the Contractual Arrangements. The Purchasers collectively hold 100% of the outstanding equity interests of Xingyong. The purchase price under the Agreement was $1,543,734 (RMB 10 million), including $575,813 (RMB 3.73 million) in cash and the cancellation of the registrant’s repayment obligations of $967,921 (RMB 6.27 million) previously advanced by Dengyong Jin to the Company.  The Purchasers agreed to return all shares held individually and under Sincere Investment (PTC) Limited totaling 10,388,172 shares. The disposal of Xingyong became effective on June 30, 2014 after approved by majority of shareholders at a special meeting of shareholders held on such date. In connection with this transaction and as of December 31, 2016,  Company has not received the $1,543,734 of the total purchase price and adjusted the note receivable as a bad debt expense. As of March 10, 2017, 9,388,172 shares of common stock previously held by Sincere were cancelled.

Talent owns 100% of the stock of Yongle, which is a wholly foreign-owned enterprise organized under the laws of the PRC.

Acquisition in December 2013

On December 23, 2013, the Company acquired Golden Ivy Limited, a British Virgin Island company (“BVI Co.,”). Pursuant to the terms of the acquisition, we issued an aggregate of 5,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.001 per share, to the former shareholders of BVI Co. in exchange for 100% of the issued and outstanding equity of BVI Co. The shares were issued on January 16, 2014. BVI Co. then became a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company.

BVI Co. currently has one business operation as follows (the “Business”):

The Business and the facilities related thereto are all located in the People’s Republic of China (“China”). The Business is conducted by Royal Elite New Energy Science and Technology (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. (“Royal Shanghai”), a wholly foreign owned enterprise under laws of China. Royal Shanghai is wholly owned by Royal Elite International Limited, a Hong Kong company, (“Royal HK”), which is wholly owned by BVI Co.

Royal Shanghai was set up in Shanghai on June 9, 2010. Royal HK was set up in Hong Kong on January 8, 2010.

The consolidated financial statements presented herein consolidate the financial statements of China Carbon Graphite, Inc. with the financial statements of its subsidiaries in the following structure chart.

Organizational Structure Chart

The following chart sets forth our organizational structure:

Liquidity and Working Capital Deficit

As of September 30, 2018 and as of December 31, 2017, the Company managed to operate its business with a negative working capital.

The Company Law of the PRC applicable to Chinese companies provides that net after tax income should be allocated by the following rules:

Therefore, the Company is required to maintain a statutory reserve in China that limits any equity distributions to its shareholders. The maximum amount of the shareholders has not been reached. The Company has never distributed earnings to shareholders and has no intentions to do so.

(2) Going Concern

The Company’s consolidated financial statements are prepared using generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America applicable to a going concern, which contemplates the realization of assets and the satisfaction of liabilities in the normal course of business. As of and for the period ended September 30, 2018, the Company has incurred operating losses and working capital deficit. The ability of the Company to continue as a going concern is dependent on the Company obtaining adequate capital to fund operating losses until it becomes profitable. If the Company is unable to obtain adequate capital, it could be forced to cease operations. The accompanying consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that might be necessary if the Company is unable to continue as a going concern.

Management’s Plan to Continue as a Going Concern

In order to continue as a going concern, the Company will need, among other things, additional capital resources. Management’s plans to obtain such resources for the Company include (1) obtaining capital from the sale of its equity securities, (2) sales of its products, and (3) short-term or long-term borrowings from banks, stockholders or other party(ies) when needed. However, management cannot provide any assurance that the Company will be successful in accomplishing any of its plans. The Company plans to look for opportunities to merge with other companies in the graphite industry.

The ability of the Company to continue as a going concern is dependent upon its ability to successfully accomplish the plans described in the preceding paragraph and eventually to secure other sources of financing and attain profitable operations.

(3) Basis for Preparation of the Consolidated Financial Statements

Management acknowledges its responsibility for the preparation of the accompanying interim consolidated financial statements which reflect all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring adjustments, considered necessary in its opinion for a fair statement of its consolidated financial position and the results of its operations for the interim period presented. These consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the summary of significant accounting policies and notes to consolidated financial statements included in the Company’s Form 10-K annual report for the year ended December 31, 2017. The consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2017 has been derived from the audited financial statements. The results of the nine months ended September 30, 2018 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full fiscal year ending December 31, 2018.

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements for China Carbon Graphite Group, Inc. and its subsidiaries and variable interest entity, have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X.

The Company maintains its books and accounting records in Renminbi (“RMB”), but its reporting currency is U.S. dollars.

The financial statements have been prepared in order to present the financial position and results of operations of the Company and its subsidiaries whose financial condition consolidated with the Company pursuant to ASC Topic 810-10, Consolidation, in accordance with U.S. GAAP. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated.

(4) Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements reflect the application of certain significant accounting policies as described in this note and elsewhere in the accompanying consolidated financial statements and notes.

Use of estimates

The preparation of these financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that may affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the dates of the financial statements and the reported amounts of net sales and expenses during the reporting period. Some of the significant estimates include values and lives assigned to acquired property and equipment, reserves for customer returns and allowances, uncollectible accounts receivable, slow moving, obsolete and/or damaged inventory. Actual results may differ from these estimates.

Cash and cash equivalents

The Company considers all highly liquid debt instruments purchased with maturity periods of six months or less to be cash equivalents. The carrying amounts reported in the accompanying balance sheet for cash and cash equivalents approximate their fair value. Substantially all of the Company’s cash is held in bank accounts in the PRC and is not protected by FDIC insurance or any other similar insurance. The Company’s bank account in the United States is protected by FDIC insurance.

Accounts receivable

Trade receivables are recognized and carried at the original invoice amount less allowance for any uncollectible amounts. An allowance for doubtful accounts is made when collection of the full amount is no longer probable. Bad debts are written off as incurred. Accounts receivable are recorded at the invoiced amount and do not bear interest. Management reviews the adequacy of the allowance for doubtful accounts on an ongoing basis, using historical collection trends and aging of receivables. Management also periodically evaluates individual customer’s financial condition, credit history, and the current economic conditions to make adjustments in the allowance when it is considered necessary.

Inventory

Inventory is stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value.  The cost of inventories comprises all costs of purchases, and other costs incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition. Cost is determined using the weighted average method. Net realizable value represents the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business less the estimated costs necessary to complete the sale. The Company periodically reviews historical sales activity to determine excess, slow moving items and potentially obsolete items and also evaluates the impact of any anticipated changes in future demand. The Company provides inventory allowances based on excess and obsolete inventories determined principally by customer demand. Impairment of inventories is recorded in cost of goods sold.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, the Company has not made provision for inventory in regards to slow moving or obsolete items.

Property and equipment

Property and equipment is stated at the historical cost, less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation on property and equipment is provided using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets for both financial and income tax reporting purposes as follows:

Expenditures for renewals and betterments are capitalized while repairs and maintenance costs are normally charged to the statement of operations in the year in which they are incurred. In situations where it can be clearly demonstrated that the expenditure has resulted in an increase in the future economic benefits expected to be obtained from the use of the asset, the expenditure is capitalized as an additional cost of the asset.

Upon sale or disposal of an asset, the historical cost and related accumulated depreciation or amortization of such asset were removed from their respective accounts and any gain or loss is recorded in the statements of income.

The Company reviews the carrying value of property, plant, and equipment for impairment whenever events and circumstances indicate that the carrying value of an asset may not be recoverable from the estimated future cash flows expected to result from its use and eventual disposition. In cases where undiscounted expected future cash flows are less than the carrying value, an impairment loss is recognized equal to an amount by which the carrying value exceeds the fair value of assets. The factors considered by management in performing this assessment include current operating results, trends and prospects, the manner in which the property is used, and the effects of obsolescence, demand, competition and other economic factors. Based on this assessment, no impairment expenses for property, plant, and equipment was recorded in operating expenses during the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017.

Stock-based compensation

Stock-based compensation includes (i) common stock awards granted to employees and directors for services which are accounted for under FASB ASC 718, Compensation–Stock Compensation” and (ii) common stock awards granted to consultants which are accounted for under FASB ASC 505-50, Equity–Equity-Based Payments to Non-Employees.

All grants of common stock awards and stock options to employees and directors are recognized in the financial statements based on their grant date fair values. The Company has elected to recognize compensation expense using the straight-line method for all common stock awards and stock options granted with service conditions that have a graded vesting schedule, with a corresponding charge to additional paid-in capital.

Common stock awards are granted to directors for services provided. The vested portions of common stock awards granted but not yet issued are recorded in common stock to be issued.

Common stock awards issued to consultants represent common stock granted to non-employees in exchange for services at fair value. The measurement dates for such awards are set at the dates that the contracts are entered into as the awards are non-forfeitable and vest immediately. The measurement date fair value is then recognized over the service period as if the Company has paid cash for such service.

The Company estimates fair value of common stock awards based on the number of shares granted and the quoted price of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant.

Foreign currency translation

The reporting currency of the Company is U.S. dollars. The Company uses RMB as its functional currency. The results of operations and cash flows are translated at average exchange rates during the period, and assets and liabilities are translated at the unified exchange rates at the balance sheet dates, and equity is translated at the historical exchange rates. As a result, amounts related to assets and liabilities reported on the statements of cash flows will not necessarily agree with changes in the corresponding accounts on the balance sheets. Translation adjustments resulting from this process are included in accumulated other comprehensive income in the statements of stockholders’ equity. Translation adjustments for the three months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 were $11,121 and $(4,567), respectively. Translation adjustments for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 were $17,406 and $(8,793), respectively. The cumulative translation adjustment and effect of exchange rate changes on cash for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 were $(3,978) and $1,365, respectively. Transaction gains and losses that arise from exchange rate fluctuations on transactions denominated in a currency other than the functional currency are included in the results of operations as incurred.

Assets and liabilities were translated at 6.87 RMB and 6.51 RMB to $1.00 at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively. The equity accounts were stated at their historical rates. The average translation rates applied to income statements for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 were 6.51 RMB and 6.80 RMB to $1.00, respectively. Cash flows are also translated at average translation rates for the period; therefore, amounts reported on the statement of cash flows will not necessarily agree with changes in the corresponding balances on the balance sheet.

Revenue recognition

The Company derives revenues from distribution of graphite-based products. We recognize revenue in accordance with ASC 606, Revenue is recognized upon transfer of control of promised products to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration we expect to receive in exchange for those products. We enter into contracts that can include products, which are generally capable of being distinct and accounted for as separate performance obligations. Revenue is recognized net of allowances for returns and any taxes collected from customers, which are subsequently remitted to governmental authorities. Sales represent the invoiced value of goods, net of value added tax (“VAT”), if any, and are recognized upon delivery of goods and passage of title according to shipping terms. 

The Company is subject to VAT, which is levied on a majority of the products, at a rate ranging from 13% to 17% on the invoiced value of sales. Output VAT is borne by customers in addition to the invoiced value of sales and input VAT is borne by the Company in addition to the invoiced value of purchases to the extent not refunded for export sales.

The Company recognizes revenue upon transfer of control of promised products to customers according to shipping terms. The Company does not provide chargeback or price protection rights to the customers. The customer only places purchase orders with the Company once it has confirmed the sale with a third party because this is a specialized business, which dictates that the Company will not sell the products until the purchase order is received. The Company allows its customers to return products only if its products are later determined by the Company to be defective. Based on the Company’s historical experience, product returns have been insignificant throughout all of its product lines. Therefore, the Company does not record an allowance for sales returns. If sales returns occur, they are taken against revenue when products are returned from customers. Sales are presented net of any discounts given to customers. Interest income is recognized when earned. The Company experienced no returns for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017. 

In May 2014, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2014-09,  Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) , amending revenue recognition guidance and requiring more detailed disclosures to enable users of financial statements to understand the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from contracts with customers. We adopted this ASU on January 1, 2018 for all revenue contracts with our customers using the modified retrospective approach. 

There is no impact of applying this ASU.

Cost of goods sold

Cost of goods sold consists primarily of the purchase costs of products.

Shipping and handling costs

The Company follows ASC 606, as amended and clarified by ASU 2016-10, to record shipping and handling cost. The Company classifies shipping and handling costs paid on behalf of its customers in selling expenses. For the three months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, shipping and handling costs were $4,398 and $3,214, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, shipping and handling costs were $11,459 and $8,922, respectively.

Taxation

Taxation on profits earned in the PRC has been calculated based on the estimated assessable profits for the year at the rates of taxation prevailing in the PRC after taking into account the benefits from any special tax credits or “tax holidays” allowed in the county of operations.

The Company does not accrue U.S. income tax since it has no operations in the United States. Its operating subsidiaries are organized and located in the PRC and do not conduct any business in the United States.

In 2006, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASC, 740 Income Tax, formerly known as FIN 48, which clarifies the application of SFAS 109 by defining a criterion that an individual income tax position must meet for any part of the benefit of that position to be recognized in an enterprise’s financial statements and provides guidance on measurement, recognition, classification, accounting for interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosure and transition. In accordance with the transition provisions, the Company adopted FIN 48 effective January 1, 2007.

The Company recognizes that virtually all tax positions in the PRC are not free from some degree of uncertainty due to tax law and policy changes by the state. The Company cannot reasonably quantify political risk factors and thus must depend on guidance issued by current government officials.

Based on all known facts and circumstances and current tax law, the Company believes that the total amount of unrecognized tax benefits as of September 30, 2018 is not material to its results of operations, financial condition or cash flows. The Company also believes that the total amount of unrecognized tax benefits as of September 30, 2018, if recognized, would not have a material effect on its effective tax rate. The Company further believes that there are no tax positions for which it is reasonably possible, based on current Chinese tax law and policy, that the unrecognized tax benefits will significantly increase or decrease over the next twelve months producing, individually or in the aggregate, a material effect on the Company’s results of operations, financial condition or cash flows.

Enterprise income tax

The enterprise income tax is calculated on the basis of the statutory profit as defined in the PRC tax laws. This statutory profit is computed differently than the Company’s net income under U.S. GAAP.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax basis. Deferred tax assets, including tax loss and credit carry forwards, and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect of deferred tax assets and liabilities from a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. Deferred income tax expense represents the change during the period in the deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities. The components of the deferred tax assets and liabilities are individually classified as current and non-current based on their characteristics. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance when, in the opinion of management, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized.

Value added tax

The Provisional Regulations of the PRC Concerning Value Added Tax promulgated by the State Council came into effect on January 1, 1994. Under these regulations and the Implementing Rules of the Provisional Regulations of the PRC Concerning Value Added Tax, value added tax (“VAT”) is imposed on goods sold in or imported into the PRC and on processing, repair and replacement services provided within the PRC.

VAT payable in the PRC is charged on an aggregated basis at a rate of 13% or 17% (depending on the type of goods involved) on the full price collected for the goods sold or, in the case of taxable services provided, at a rate of 17% on the charges for the taxable services provided, but excluding, in respect of both goods and services, any amount paid in respect of VAT included in the price or charges, and less any deductible value added tax already paid by the taxpayer on purchases of goods and services in the same financial year.

Contingent liabilities and contingent assets

A contingent liability is a possible obligation that arises from past events and whose existence will only be confirmed by the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events not wholly within the control of the Company. It can also be a present obligation arising from past events that is not recognized because it is not probable that the Company will incur a liability or obligations as a result. A contingent liability, which might occur but is not probable, is not recorded but is disclosed in the notes to the financial statements. The Company will recognize a liability or obligation when it is probable that the Company will incur such liability or obligation.

A contingent asset is an asset, which could possibly arise from past events and whose existence will be confirmed only by the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more uncertain events not wholly within the control of the Company. Contingent assets are not recorded but are disclosed in the notes to the financial statements when it is likely that the Company will recognize an economic benefit. When the benefit is virtually certain, the asset is recognized.

Retirement benefit costs

According to PRC regulations on pensions, the Company contributes to a defined contribution retirement program organized by the municipal government in the province in which the Company is registered and all qualified employees are eligible to participate in the program. Contributions to the program are calculated at 23.5% of the employees’ salaries above a fixed threshold amount and the employees contribute 2% to 8% while the Company contributes the remaining 15.5% to 21.5%. The Company has no other material obligation for the payment of retirement benefits beyond the annual contributions under this program.

Fair value of financial instruments

The Company has adopted ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurement and Disclosure, which defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value in U.S. GAAP, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. It does not require any new fair value measurements, but provides guidance on how to measure fair value by providing a fair value hierarchy used to classify the source of the information. It establishes a three-level valuation hierarchy of valuation techniques based on observable and unobservable inputs, which may be used to measure fair value and include the following:

The carrying amount of other receivables, advance to vendors, advances from customers, other payables, accrued liabilities are reasonable estimates of their fair value because of the short-term nature of these items.

loss per share

Basic loss per share is computed by dividing net income available to common shareholders by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted loss per share is computed by dividing net income available to common shareholders by the weighted average number of shares of common stock, common stock equivalents and potentially dilutive securities outstanding during each period. Potentially dilutive shares of common stock consist of the common stock issuable upon the conversion of convertible debt, preferred stock and warrants. The Company uses if-converted method to calculate the dilutive preferred stock and treasury stock method to calculate the dilutive shares issuable upon exercise of warrants.

The following table sets forth the computation of the number of net loss per share for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017:

The following table sets forth the computation of the number of net loss per share for the three months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017:

Accumulated other comprehensive income

The Company follows ASC 220, Comprehensive Income, formerly known as SFAS No. 130, Reporting Comprehensive Income, to recognize the elements of comprehensive income. Comprehensive income is comprised of net income and all changes to the statements of stockholders’ equity, except those due to investments by stockholders, changes in paid-in capital and distributions to stockholders. For the Company, comprehensive income for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 included net income and foreign currency translation adjustments.

Related parties

Parties are considered to be related to the Company if the parties that, directly or indirectly, through one or more intermediaries, control, are controlled by, or are under common control with the Company. Related parties also include principal owners of the Company, its management, members of the immediate families of principal owners of the Company and its management and other parties with which the Company may deal if one party controls or can significantly influence the management or operating policies of the other to an extent that one of the transacting parties might be prevented from fully pursuing its own separate interests. Transactions with related parties are disclosed in the financial statements.

Recent accounting pronouncements

The Company has reviewed all recently issued, but not yet effective, accounting pronouncements and does not believe the future adoption of any such pronouncements will have a material impact on its financial condition or the results of its operations.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, “Leases (Topic 842)”, to increase the transparency and comparability about leases among entities. The new guidance requires lessees to recognize a lease liability and a corresponding lease asset for virtually all lease contracts. It also requires additional disclosures about leasing arrangements. ASU 2016-02 is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018, and requires a modified retrospective approach to adoption. Early adoption is permitted. The Company does not expect that the adoption of this guidance will have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

In October 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-16, “Income Taxes (Topic 740): Intra-Entity Transfer of Assets Other than Inventory”, which requires the recognition of the income tax consequences of an intra-entity transfer of an asset, other than inventory, when the transfer occurs. ASU 2016-06 will be effective for the Company in its first quarter of 2019. The Company does not expect that the adoption of this guidance will have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-01, “Business Combinations (Topic 805): Clarifying the Definition of a Business”. The amendments in this ASU clarify the definition of a business with the objective of adding guidance to assist entities with evaluating whether transactions should be accounted for as acquisitions (or disposals) of assets or businesses. Basically these amendments provide a screen to determine when a set is not a business. If the screen is not met, the amendments in this ASU first, require that to be considered a business, a set must include, at a minimum, an input and a substantive process that together significantly contribute to the ability to create output and second, remove the evaluation of whether a market participant could replace missing elements. These amendments take effect for public businesses for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017 and interim periods within those periods, and all other entities should apply these amendments for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within annual periods beginning after December 15, 2019. The Company does not expect that the adoption of this guidance will have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

Management does not believe that any recently issued, but not yet effective accounting pronouncements, when adopted, will have a material effect on the accompanying financial statements.

(5) Concentration of Business and Credit Risk

Most of the Company’s bank accounts are in banks located in the PRC and are not covered by any type of protection similar to that provided by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) on funds held in U.S. banks. The Company’s bank account in the United States is covered by FDIC insurance.

Because the Company’s operations are located in the PRC, this may give rise to significant foreign currency risks due to fluctuations in and the volatility of foreign exchange rates between U.S. dollars and RMB.

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentration of credit risk consist principally of cash, trade accounts receivables and inventories, the balances of which are stated on the balance sheet. The Company places its cash in banks located in China. Concentration of credit risk with respect to trade accounts receivables is limited due to the diversity of the Company’s customers who are located in different regions of China. The Company does not require collateral or other security to support financial instruments subject to credit risk.

Sales to certain customers generated over 10% of the Company’s total net sales. Sales to one Company for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 were approximately 95% of the Company’s net sales.

Sales to certain customers generated over 10% of the Company’s total net sales. Sales to one Company for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 were approximately 55% of the Company’s net sales. Sales to another Company for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 were approximately 29% of the Company’s net sales. Sales to a third Company for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 were approximately 12% of the Company’s net sales.  

For the nine months ended September 30, 2018, one supplier accounted for approximately 96% of total purchases.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2017, three suppliers accounted for approximately 88% of total purchases.

(6) Accounts Receivable  

The Company establishes an individualized credit and collection policy based on each individual customer’s credit history. The Company does not have a uniform policy that applies equally to all customers. The collection period usually ranges from three months to twelve months. The Company grants extended payment terms only when the Company believes that the payment will be collectible at the end of the term. The Company grants extended payment terms to customers if based on the following factors: (a) whether or not the Company views a real need, from the customer’s perspective, for the extension and (b) how critical the Company’s relationship with the customer and is the customer the Company’s long-term business. The Company grants extended payment terms only when the Company believes that the payment will be collectible at the end of the term. This meets the criteria of revenue recognition under U.S. GAAP, which requires that collection of the resulting receivable be reasonably assured.

As of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, accounts receivable consisted of the following:

(7) Advances to Suppliers

As of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, advances to suppliers are advances for finished goods and amounted to $0 and $169,459, respectively.

Advances to suppliers represent interest-free cash paid in advance to suppliers for purchases of inventory.

(8) Inventories

As of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, inventories consisted of the following:

For the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, the Company has not made provision for inventory in regards to slow moving or obsolete items. As of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the Company did not record any provision for inventory in regards to slow moving or obsolete items.

(9) Other Receivables

Other receivables amounted $19,559 and $17,383 as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively. Other receivables are mainly export tax rebates.

(10) Property and Equipment, net

As of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, property, plant and equipment consisted of the following:

For the three months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, depreciation expenses amounted to $3,626 and $2,484, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, depreciation expenses amounted to $11,297 and $6,627, respectively.

The Company purchased approximately $9,479 and $13,128 property and equipment during the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

The Company reviews the carrying value of property and equipment for impairment whenever events and circumstances indicate that the carrying value of an asset may not be recoverable from the estimated future cash flows expected to result from its use and eventual disposition. In cases where undiscounted expected future cash flows are less than the carrying value, an impairment loss is recognized equal to an amount by which the carrying value exceeds the fair value of assets. The factors considered by management in performing this assessment include current operating results, trends and prospects, the manner in which the property is used, and the effects of obsolescence, demand, competition and other economic factors. Based on this assessment, no impairment expenses for property, plant, and equipment was recorded in operating expenses during the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017.

(11) Stockholders’ deficit

Restated Articles of Incorporation

On January 22, 2008, the Company changed its authorized capital stock to 120,000,000 shares of capital stock, of which 20,000,000 shares are shares of preferred stock, par value $0.001 per share, and 100,000,000 shares are shares of common stock, par value $0.001 per share. The restated articles of incorporation authorizes the board of directors of the Company to issue one or more series of preferred stock and to designate the rights, preferences, privileges and limitation of the holders of such preferred stock. The board of directors has authorized the issuance of two series of preferred stock, Series A Convertible Preferred Stock (“Series A Preferred Stock”) and Series B Convertible Preferred Stock (“Series B Preferred Stock”).

Issuance of Common Stock

As of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, no shares of Series A and Series B Preferred Stock are issued or outstanding.

On December 19, 2016, the Company issued 3,200,000 shares for cash at $0.10 per share to unrelated parties.

On February 13, 2018, the Company issued an aggregate of 200,000 shares of common stock to four directors as compensation for services provided in 2017. The issuance of these shares was recorded at grant date fair market value at $0.06 per share.

On February 13, 2018, the Company issued 40,000 shares of common stock to the CFO and issued 12,000 shares of common stock to the VP of Finance. The issuance of these shares was recorded at grant date fair market value of $0.06.

In a private placement that closed on December 22, 2009 and January 13, 2010, the Company sold an aggregate of 2,480,500 shares of Series B Preferred Stock and five-year warrants to purchase 992,000 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $1.30 per share, for an aggregate purchase price of $2,976,600. The Company also paid the private placement agent an aggregate of $298,000 and issued five-year warrants to purchase 124,025 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $1.32 per share. In connection with the private placement and pursuant to the transaction agreements, the Company deposited into escrow an aggregate of 1,240,250 shares of common stock, which are to be held in escrow to be returned to the Company or delivered to the investors, depending on whether the Company meets certain financial performance targets for the years ending December 31, 2010 and 2011.

The Company did not meet the financial targets. The number of Escrow Shares payable to each Investor shall be equal to a fraction of the total number of Escrow Shares potentially issuable pursuant to the terms hereof, the numerator of which shall be the amount by which (i) the number of Conversion Shares issued or issuable upon Preferred Shares which was initially issued to the Investor exceeds (ii) the sum of (x) the number of Conversion Shares sold or otherwise transferred by the Investor plus (y) the number of shares of Conversion Shares issued or issuable sold or otherwise transferred by the Investor, and the denominator of which is the number of Conversion Shares issued or issuable by the Company in the Offering. Any Escrow Shares for either Fiscal Year 2011 or Fiscal Year 2010 which are not transferred to the Investors pursuant to this paragraph shall be returned to the Company for cancellation. As of March 31, 2018, no Escrow Shares have been transferred to investors or returned to the Company.

Dividend Distribution for Series B Preferred Stock

Pursuant to the terms of a private placement that closed on December 22, 2009 and January 13, 2010, the Series B Preferred Stock offers a 6% dividend. The preferred stock dividend is payable quarterly commencing April 1, 2010 until December 31, 2011.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, no payment was made for dividends declared.

(12) Related Parties

As of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, $58,645 and $146,439 are due to Mr. Donghai Yu, who is CEO of the Company. These amounts are advances made to the Company by unrelated parties through Mr. Donghai Yu for business operating purposes. The advances are interest free.  

As of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, $593,198 and $578,123 are the salary owed to Mr. Donghai Yu, who is CEO of the Company. As of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, $45,000 and $45,000 are the salary owed to Mr. Grace King, who is VP finance of the Company.

( 13) Other Payable

Other payable amounted $1,369,674 and $1,089,573 as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively. Other payables are mainly money borrowed from unrelated parties for operating purpose. These payable are without collateral, interest free, and due on demand.

(14) Lease Commitment

Our principal executive office is located in US. The Company leased its corporate address month to month for a monthly fee of $365. The lease is month to month.

Royal Shanghai leases an office in Shanghai China. The lease term of the office space is from March 16, 2017 to March 15, 2019. The current monthly rent including monthly management fee is approximately $1,038 (RMB 7,063).

Royal Shanghai leases another office in Shanghai China. The lease term of the office space is from April 1, 2017 to August 27, 2018. The current monthly rent including monthly management fee is approximately $2,081 (RMB 14,158).

Future minimum lease payments under non-cancelable operating leases are as follows: