United States
Securities and Exchange Commission
Washington, DC 20549
FORM 10-KSB
[X] ANNUAL REPORT UNDER SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF
1934
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007
[ ] TRANSITION REPORT UNDER SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT
OF 1934
Commission File Number: 0-31483
TERRA SYSTEMS, INC.
(Exact name of small business issuer in its charter)
UTAH 87-0476073
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(State or other jurisdiction of (I.R.S. Employer
incorporation or organization) Identification No.)
7001 South 900 East, Ste 260, Midvale, Utah 84047
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(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
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Issuer's telephone number: (801) 208-1289
Securities registered under Section 12(b) of the Exchange Act: None.
Securities registered under Section 12(g) of the Exchange Act:
Common, $0.001 par value
(Title of Class)
Check whether the issuer is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13
or 15(d) of the Exchange Act [ ]
Check whether the issuer (1) filed all reports required to be filed by Section
13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act during the past 12 months (or for such shorter
period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been
subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes [X] No [ ]
Check if there is no disclosure of delinquent filers in response to Item 405 of
Regulation S-B contained in this form, and no disclosure will be contained, to
the best of registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information
statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-KSB or any
amendment to this Form 10-KSB. [ ]
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in
Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes [ ] No [X]
State issuer's revenue for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007: $149,994
As of April 14, 2008, when this report was prepared, the registrant had
53,246,806 shares of common stock outstanding. The aggregate market value of the
38,441,167 shares of voting stock held by non-affiliates as of that date was
approximately $4,612,940.
Documents incorporated by reference: None.
Transitional Small Business Disclosure Format (check one): Yes [ ] No [X]
Large accelerated filer |_| Accelerated filer |_|
Non-accelerated filer |_| Smaller reporting company |X|
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
PART I
Item 1. Description of Business 4
Item 2. Description of Property 12
Item 3. Legal Proceedings 12
Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders 12
PART II
Item 5. Market for Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and
Small Business Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities 12
Item 6. Management's Discussion and Analysis or Plan of Operation 14
Item 7. Financial Statements 15
Item 8. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting
and Financial Disclosure 16
Item 8A. Controls and Procedures 16
Item 8B. Other Information 17
PART III
Item 9. Directors, Executive Officers, Promoters Control Persons
and Corporate Governance; Compliance with Section 16(a)
of the Exchange Act 17
Item 10. Executive Compensation 19
Item 11. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management
and Related Stockholder Matters 22
Item 12. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director
Independence 23
Item 13. Exhibits 24
Item 14. Principal Accountant Fees and Services 24
Signatures 26
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PART I
Item 1. Description of Business
Historical Overview
Terra Systems, Inc. (the "Company" or "we") was formed as a Utah
corporation on February 17, 1996, under the name Terra Systems, Inc., and is a
development-stage company whose primary business purpose is the development and
commercialization of a pneumatic conveyance system to handle materials in a bulk
state.
On May 1, 1996, we merged with Xullux, Inc., a Utah corporation. In the
merger, our shareholders received 48,000,000 shares of Xullux common stock in
exchange for their shares of Terra Systems common stock. Following the
reorganization, Xullux changed its name to Terra Systems, Inc. In this report,
reference to the terms "Terra Systems," "we," "us," "our," and "the Company"
refer collectively to Terra Systems, Inc., and its predecessors, unless the
context clearly indicates otherwise.
Our common stock began trading in July 1996 and was quoted under the
ticker symbol "TSYI" on the OTC Bulletin Board in 2001. On November 15, 2001,
the stock ceased to trade on the OTC Bulletin Board, and began trading on the
Pink Sheets under the ticker symbol TSYI.PK. In September 2006, our stock began
trading again on the OTC Bulletin Board under the ticker symbol "TSYI".
Products
Our principal product is a low-pressure pneumatic conveyance system.
Low-pressure systems such as our system are used in connection with the
pulverization, moisture control, classification, transport, and processing of
bulk materials in a number of basic industries.
Our system relies on a slow moving, laminar flow gas bearing to allow
for the transportation of material through a carrying duct. A laminar flow gas
bearing is formed when the air in the center of a pipeline is surrounded by a
slow moving turbulent flow boundary air layer next to the inside wall of the
pipe. It is referred to as a boundary because it acts to insulate the pipe from
severe abrasive contact with the transported material. The amount of wear and
tear or erosion on the inside of a pipe caused by the flow of a given material
is referred to in the industry as the abrasion signature. Our process reduces
this abrasion signature because the material being transported is caught up and
carried by the faster moving gas in the center of the pipe. Unlike high-pressure
conveyance systems, low-pressure systems do not allow for the build-up or caking
of material inside the containment pipe. In pneumatic conveyance, caking
typically occurs when dust combines with moisture and starts to gradually build
up on the inside wall of the pipe.
Competing high-pressure pneumatic conveyance systems rely on the
compression of air for operation. When the air is compressed, the moisture
contained in the air collects inside the pipe. These pressurized systems have to
be enclosed and can only purge moisture at the end of their conveyance cycle.
The material they carry becomes exposed to this moisture, which may lead to
caking. On the other hand, a low-pressure system like ours operates in an open
environment. This allows the material being transported to breathe any moisture
out during the transportation process.
Many of our components are pre-fabricated with final assembly occurring
at the client's site. In most cases, we bill the client an hourly or daily rate
for constructing a system that will vary in cost based on the customization
involved for each client and their unique requirements. For example, some
applications may require only product drying before going to an existing milling
operation. Thus, our equipment could provide simply the product drying service
onsite.
The prospective markets for our industrial particle accelerator include
power generation, mining, agriculture, environmental, ceramics, construction,
and materials transportation. We believe that because of the nature and
flexibility of our process, many bulk materials used in basic industries can be
economically separated, classified, and otherwise processed.
In addition to our patented pneumatic conveyance system, we hold a
license for the patent pending "Clean Coke Technology" of Combustion Resources
LLC ("Combustion Resources"). The license agreement requires that we begin
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paying a $300,000 per year minimum royalty beginning in the year 2010. The
royalty is set as a fixed percentage of the net operating profit realized from
the licensed Clean Coke Technology, subject to a maximum amount of $3 million in
any one year. We believe that the Clean Coke Technology can be utilized to
produce coke that qualifies under IRC Section 45K for the tax credit from
alternative fuels provided a plant utilizing the Clean Coke Technology is built
and placed in service by December 31, 2009. The Section 45K credit is subject to
reduction as the Federal reference price of oil increases. We believe that there
will be opportunities to realize positive economic returns from the Clean Coke
Technology regardless of the incentive available from the Section 45K tax
credit.
Combustion Resources, the College of Eastern Utah's Western Energy
Training Center, and the Company were successful in obtaining a Federal Center
of Excellence grant to develop the process controls for the system at its pilot
plant (see below) in Price, Utah.
During 2007, we were contracted by Combustion Resources, and have
worked with them to build and operate a pilot briquetting plant in Price, Utah.
The pilot plant has a theoretical capacity of 1 ton per hour. The plant has been
used to agglomerate carbon black. Carbon black is a very fine-sized material
that is difficult to handle in its unagglomerated state. The plant has produced
162 tons of agglomerated carbon black to-date, all of which has been shipped to
a major industrial customer for testing at its production plant. The Company's
revenue for 2007 has been generated from this activity. Until the results of the
test are known, the pilot plant will be utilized to develop the Clean Coke
Technology process controls mentioned above.
Distribution, Marketing, and Customer Relations
Our marketing strategy is to promote, advertise and increase our
technology visibility and attract new customers through multiple channels,
including:
o Developing strategic alliances;
o Establishing our technology name; and
o Direct marketing to existing and potential customers.
We believe that the use of multiple marketing channels will reduce our
reliance on any one source for obtaining customers. This, in turn, will lower
costs and maximize technology awareness.
Strategic alliances
In the past we have tried to develop strategic alliances with better
capitalized companies that we thought would jointly develop our technology.
Though we did enter into various agreements with these companies, we were unable
to obtain licensing agreements or sales of our Pneumatic Accelerator System. We
have had difficulty delivering our technology in an acceptable state to these
partners because of our limited access to capital. We do not currently have any
strategic alliances. We do, however, believe that future joint venture
relationships will allow us to gain additional insight, expertise and
penetration into markets where joint venture partners already operate and may
serve to increase our revenue and income growth. We expect to review potential
strategic alliance candidates and to enter into agreements in the future should
we feel these alliances would be in the best interest of the company.
Establish our technology
We cannot guarantee that we will be able to successfully market and
distribute our services or technologies in either the United States or other
countries, and the failure to do so could have an adverse effect on our
operations. We believe that building awareness of the Terra Systems technologies
are important in establishing and expanding our customer base. We currently have
a web site (www.tsyi.com) and will use traditional media as our revenues permit,
to attract new customers. The information on our website should not be
considered part of this report on Form 10-KSB.
Direct marketing
Through the date of this report, our marketing activity has been
largely word-of-mouth referrals, on-site demonstrations, as well as contacts
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generated from our web site. We currently have two demonstrations that could
significantly impact our future results. The first is the application of our
pneumatic accelerator system to the coal recovery operations at the Hiawatha
mine site in Hiawatha, Utah. The second is the Western Energy Training Center
(WETC) pilot clean coke plant near Helper, Utah. Both projects are expected to
be in the early phases of operation during the second or third quarter of 2008.
We believe that our ability to establish and maintain long-term
relationships with our customers and encourage repeat business depends, in part,
on the strength of our customer support and service operations and staff. We
value frequent communication with and feedback from our customers to continually
improve our services. We focus on designing high quality applications and
engineered products that are designed to address specific customer needs. Our
operating results may fluctuate due to factors such as the addition or loss of
significant customers.
Industry Background and Competitive Conditions
Nearly all bulk materials used in basic industries can or must be
separated, pulverized, classified, or otherwise enhanced. Opportunities exist
for many applications in both organic and inorganic materials in an array of
large industries, including power generation, mining, agriculture,
environmental, ceramics, construction, and materials transportation. Our main
competition consists of companies providing or engaging in traditional methods
of pulverization and transport of bulk materials; these include manufacturers of
roller mills and ball mills. We believe that we compete on the basis of the
unique nature of our technology. Our competitors are generally larger, better
funded and possess greater name recognition and reputation in the market than
Terra Systems. There is no assurance that we will be able to compete
successfully against these larger players in the industry.
Raw Materials and Suppliers
We do not purchase or supply raw materials. Numerous raw materials are
used to conduct on-site demonstrations on the effectiveness of our process and
equipment; however, our prospective customers provide these materials. These
materials used in on-site demonstrations include rice, coal, coal ash,
limestone, gypsum, agricultural waste and other materials containing various
heavy minerals, such as gold, silver, and platinum.
The following is a partial list of major industries where our
technologies could be adopted or utilized, possible uses in the industries and
the potential benefits of the use of our technology:
o Coal
o Reduce moisture
o Reduce ash
o Increased Btu value
o Micropulverize (80% of coal throughput ground down to
325 mesh)
o Transport
o Reclaim from gob piles
o Electric Power Generation With Coal
o Reduce air pollution emissions, especially nitrogen
oxides ("NOX")
o See "Coal" above
o Contain fugitive dust
o Agriculture
o Rice, coarse grains, sugar
o Drying
o Soil conditioning
o Restore depleted trace minerals
o Environmental
o Extract/dry/remove waste from
o Food processing
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o Industry
o Radioactive materials
o Mining
o Precious metals
o Classify and concentrate desired ores
o Construction
o Cement and concrete
o Ceramics
o Micropulverize
o Transportation
o Waterways
o Dredging
o Loading/unloading/transloading
o Metallurgical Coke
o Custom coke blends
o Custom coke sizes
Patents
We have licensed technology for clean coke production from a third
party and we own one patent, U.S. Patent No. 6,170,768, covering our pneumatic
accelerator, which was granted January 9, 2001. We expect that we will upgrade
this patent or file additional applications as developments are made with our
technology. We rely upon a combination of patents, copyright protection, trade
secrets, know-how, continuing technological innovation and licensing
opportunities to develop and maintain our competitive position. Our future
prospects depend in part on our ability to obtain and maintain patent protection
for our technology. We also need to continue to preserve our copyrights,
trademarks and trade secrets and we must operate without infringing the
proprietary rights of third parties.
We cannot guarantee that any of our future patent applications will
result in issued patents, nor can we assure that we will develop more
proprietary technologies that are patentable. Patents issued may not provide a
basis for commercially viable products or may not provide any competitive
advantages. Third parties could challenge our patents. The patents of others
could limit our ability to use some of our processes or technologies. Any of
these situations could have a material adverse effect on our ability to do
business. We cannot prevent others from independently developing similar or
alternative technologies, duplicating any of our technologies, or, if patents
are issued to us, designing around our patented technologies. We could incur
substantial costs in litigation if we are required to defend ourselves in patent
suits brought by third parties or if we initiate these suits against possible
infringers of our patent rights.
Others may have filed and in the future are likely to file patent
applications that are similar or identical to ours. To determine the priority of
inventions, we may have to participate in interference proceedings declared by
the United States Patent and Trademark Office. Those proceedings could result in
substantial cost to us. We cannot ensure that any such third-party patent
application will not have priority over ours. Additionally, the laws of some
foreign countries may not protect our patent and other intellectual property
rights to the same extent as the laws of the United States.
Our future prospects also depend in part on our neither- infringing
patents or proprietary rights of third parties nor breaching any licenses that
may relate to our technologies and products. We cannot guarantee that we will
not infringe the patents, licenses or other proprietary rights of third parties.
We could in the future receive notices claiming infringement from third parties
as well as invitations to take licenses under third-party patents. Any legal
action against our strategic partners or us that claim damages and seek to
enjoin commercial activities relating to the affected products and processes
could subject us to potential liability for damages. Those legal actions could
also require our strategic partners or us to obtain a license in order to
continue to manufacture or market the affected products and processes. We cannot
ensure that our strategic partners or we would prevail in any action. We cannot
ensure that any license, including licenses proposed by third parties, required
7
under any patent would be available on terms that are commercially acceptable,
if at all. We have not conducted an exhaustive patent search, and we cannot
ensure that patents do not exist or could not be filed that would have a
material adverse effect on our ability to develop and market our products. If we
become involved in such litigation, it could consume a substantial portion of
our managerial and financial resources, which would have a material adverse
effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, and
relationships with corporate partners.
We attempt to control the disclosure and use of our proprietary
technology, know-how and trade secrets under agreements with the parties
involved. However, we cannot ensure that others will honor all confidentiality
agreements. We cannot prevent others from independently developing similar or
superior technology, nor can we prevent disputes that could arise concerning the
ownership of intellectual property.
Government Regulation
We are not currently subject to direct regulation by any domestic or
foreign governmental agency, other than regulations applicable to business
generally, export control laws, and laws or regulations directly applicable to
the industry. We are required to ensure the enforcement of the Occupational and
Health Administration (OSHA) regulations.
We believe that we have complied in all material respects with the laws
and regulations governing the industry and that compliance with such laws will
not have a material effect on our operations. However, various federal and state
agencies may propose new legislation that may adversely affect our business,
financial condition and results of operations. We are not aware of any probable
government regulations that may adversely affect our business.
Research and Development Activities
Our success and ability to compete will be dependent in part on the
protection of our existing and potential patents, trademarks, trade names,
service marks, and other proprietary rights. Thus, a majority of our research
and development efforts has been focused on product development, testing, and
patent application.
We seek to continue developing our products internally through research
and development or if appropriate, through strategic partnerships. We expect,
however, that if we can purchase or license products, services, or technologies
from third parties at a reasonable cost, we will do so in order to avoid the
time and expense involved in developing such products, services, or
technologies.
Employees
As of December 31, 2007, we had two full-time employees, one part-time
employee, and three consultants and advisors. There were no organized labor
agreements or union agreements between Terra Systems, Inc. and our employees. We
believe that relations with our employees have been and will continue to be
good.
RISK FACTORS
We have a history of losses and had an accumulated deficit of
approximately $24,023,323 as of December 31, 2007, and approximately $19,190,814
as of December 31, 2006. If we do not become profitable or maintain
profitability in the future, we may not be able to continue to operate.
We incurred net losses of approximately $24,023,323 for the period from
February 1996 through December 31, 2007. We expect to continue to incur
substantial net losses in the foreseeable future. If we do not become profitable
within the time frame expected by investors, the market price of our common
stock likely will decline. If we continue to incur net losses, we may not be
able to maintain or increase our number of employees or our investment in
capital equipment, sales, marketing, and research and development programs. We
do not know when or if we will become profitable. If we do achieve
profitability, we may not sustain or increase profitability in the future. As a
result, we may not be able to continue to operate.
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Our limited operating history makes it difficult to predict future
results.
Our business model is still emerging, and the revenue and income
potential of our business and market are unproven. We have a limited operating
history on which to base estimates for future performance. Our technology
represents a new approach to the challenges presented in our selected markets,
which to date have been dominated by established companies with longer operating
histories. Although we expect that ongoing negotiations with potential customers
may result in the finalization of feasibility study and licensing agreements
that would result in revenues and cash flows, there is no assurance that we will
be successful in those negotiations. Key markets within our industry may fail to
adopt our proprietary technologies and products, or we may not be able to
establish distribution channels. Any evaluation of our business and our
prospects must be considered in light of our limited operating history and the
risks and uncertainties often encountered by companies in their early stages of
development.
Technological and other developments in our markets may render our
technologies and products obsolete or limit our ability to penetrate our key
markets.
Technological change, continuing process development, and new product
introductions may affect the markets for our products. Our success will depend,
in part, upon our continued ability to manufacture products that meet changing
customer needs, successfully anticipate or respond to technological changes in
manufacturing processes on a cost-effective and timely basis and enhance and
expand our existing product offerings. Current competitors or new market
entrants may develop new products with features that could adversely affect the
competitive position of our products. We have invested and continue to invest
substantial resources in research and development in an effort to improve upon
our existing processes. However, there can be no assurance that our process
development efforts will be successful or that the emergence of new
technologies, industry standards, or customer requirements will not render our
technology, equipment, or processes obsolete or uncompetitive. Any failure or
delay in accomplishing these goals could have a material adverse effect on our
business, results of operations, and financial condition. In addition, to the
extent that we determine that new manufacturing equipment or processes are
required to remain competitive, the acquisition and implementation of the
technologies, equipment, and processes required are likely to require
significant capital investment.
Our reliance upon intellectual property licenses from third parties
limits the control we have over aspects of our business development and may
increase the expense of doing business, which would reduce profitability. In
addition, the possibility of our infringing upon the intellectual property
rights of third parties may result in litigation and divert the attention of our
management, adversely affecting our business.
We may rely on intellectual property licenses from third parties, and
may be required to license additional products or services in the future, for
use in the general operations of our business plan. We cannot assure that these
third party licenses will be available or will continue to be available to us on
acceptable terms, if at all. The inability to enter into and maintain any of
these licenses could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial
condition, or operating results. In addition, policing unauthorized use of our
proprietary and other intellectual property rights could be expensive if not
difficult or impossible.
Additionally, we cannot guarantee that third parties will not bring
claims of copyright or trademark infringement against us, or claim that aspects
of our processes or other features violate a patent they may hold. There can be
no assurance that third parties will not claim that we have misappropriated
their creative ideas or formats or otherwise infringed upon their proprietary
rights. Any claims of infringement, with or without merit, could be time
consuming to defend, result in costly litigation, divert management attention,
or require us to enter into costly royalty or licensing arrangements. These
potentialities could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial
condition, or operating results.
Our audited financial statements have been prepared on the assumption
that we will continue as a going concern. If we fail to continue in business,
you would lose your investment.
Our independent registered public accounting firm has issued its report
dated April 14, 2008, that includes an explanatory paragraph stating that our
deficit in working capital, negative cash flows from operations, shareholders
deficit and recurring net losses raise substantial doubt about our ability to
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continue as a going concern. If we are not successful in generating additional
sales, reducing expenses, or obtaining additional financing through this
offering or otherwise, we may be required to scale back or discontinue
operations, in which case our investors could lose all or substantially all of
their investment.
If we are to be competitive, we need to attract and retain key
personnel. Our financial resources are limited, and it may be difficult to
attract and retain personnel who are or would be instrumental to our success.
Our future success depends significantly on the continued service of
our senior management. The familiarity of these individuals with the industry
makes them especially critical to our success. The loss of the services of one
or more of our key employees could have a material adverse effect on our
business. We do not currently have key man insurance on any of our employees,
but we do anticipate obtaining that insurance in the future. Our future success
also depends on our ability to attract and retain highly qualified design,
technical, sales, marketing, customer service, and management personnel.
Competition for these personnel is intense, and we cannot guarantee that we will
be able to attract or retain a sufficient number of highly qualified employees
in the future. The lack of qualified management personnel could limit our
ability to grow our business and may limit our ability to effectively compete in
our markets.
We have been unable to pay our senior management on a current basis,
and have lost the services of a past officer because of our inability to keep
current. Additionally, we have had to rely on the financial support of our
officers and directors in the past, but cannot provide any assurance that this
will continue in the future. Without the continuance of such past cooperation
and support, we may be required to discontinue operations, in which case our
investors could lose all or substantially all of their investment.
Our inability to effectively manage growth may increase the cost of
doing business or result in inefficiencies that would reduce cash available for
growth and prevent us from becoming profitable.
To execute our business plan, we must grow significantly. This growth
will place a significant strain on our personnel, management systems, and
resources. We expect that the number of our employees, including
management-level employees, will continue to increase in the foreseeable future,
and that we may need additional office space and expanded technological
infrastructure. Failure to manage growth effectively will materially adversely
affect our business, results of operations, and financial condition.
We may not be able to obtain sufficient patent protection, which could
harm our competitive position and increase our expenses.
Our success and ability to compete depends to a significant degree upon
the protection of our proprietary technology. Currently, one of our patent
applications has been allowed. These legal protections afford only limited
protection for our technology, and the rights that may be granted under any
future patents that may be issued may not provide competitive advantages to us.
Patent protection in foreign countries may be limited or unavailable where we
need this protection. It is possible that:
o competitors may independently develop similar technologies or
design around our patents;
o patents issued to us may not be broad enough to protect our
proprietary rights; and
o any issued patent could be successfully challenged.
The occurrence of any of these factors could result in the diminution
or loss of our protected intellectual property, which could have a material
adverse impact on our business.
Our stock is considered a penny stock. Penny stocks are subject to
special regulations, which may make them more difficult to trade on the open
market.
As of the date of this Report, our common stock was traded on the OTC
Bulletin Board under the ticker symbol "TSYI." Securities on the Bulletin Board
market are generally more difficult to trade than those on the NASDAQ National
10
Market, the NASDAQ Small Cap Market or the major stock exchanges. In addition,
accurate price quotations are more difficult to obtain. Additionally, our common
stock is subject to special regulations governing the sale of penny stock.
A "penny stock," is defined by regulations of the Securities and
Exchange Commission as an equity security with a market price of less than $5.00
per share. However, an equity security with a market price under $5.00 will not
be considered a penny stock if it fits within any of the following exceptions,
which are not applicable to our securities:
o The equity security is listed on NASDAQ or a national
securities exchange;
o The issuer of the equity security has been in continuous
operation for less than three years, and either has (a) net
tangible assets of at least $5,000,000, or (b) average annual
revenue of at least $6,000,000; or
o The issuer of the equity security has been in continuous
operation for more than three years, and has net tangible
assets of at least $2,000,000.
If you buy or sell a penny stock, these regulations require that you
receive, prior to the transaction, a disclosure explaining the penny stock
market and associated risks. Furthermore, trading in our common stock would be
subject to Rule 15g-9 of the Exchange Act, which relates to non-NASDAQ and
non-exchange listed securities. Under this rule, broker-dealers who recommend
our securities to persons other than established customers and accredited
investors must make a special written suitability determination for the
purchaser and receive the purchaser's written agreement to a transaction prior
to sale.
Penny stock regulations will tend to reduce market liquidity of our
common stock, because they limit the broker-dealers' ability to trade, and a
purchaser's ability to sell the stock in the secondary market. The low price of
our common stock will have a negative effect on the amount and percentage of
transaction costs paid by individual shareholders. The low price of our common
stock may also limit our ability to raise additional capital by issuing
additional shares. There are several reasons for these effects. First, the
internal policies of many institutional investors prohibit the purchase of
low-priced stocks. Second, many brokerage houses do not permit low-priced stocks
to be used as collateral for margin accounts or to be purchased on margin.
Third, some brokerage house policies and practices tend to discourage individual
brokers from dealing in low-priced stocks. Finally, broker's commissions on
low-priced stocks usually represent a higher percentage of the stock price than
commissions on higher priced stocks. As a result, our shareholders will pay
transaction costs that are a higher percentage of their total share value than
if our share price were substantially higher.
SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
Some of the statements under "Risk Factors," "Management's Discussion
and Analysis or Plan of Operation," "Business," and elsewhere in this report
constitute forward-looking statements. These statements involve risks known to
us, significant uncertainties, and other factors which may cause our actual
results, levels of activity, performance, or achievements to be materially
different from any future results, levels of activity, performance, or
achievements expressed or implied by those forward-looking statements.
You can identify forward-looking statements by the use of the words
"may," "will," "should," "could," "expects," "plans," "anticipates," "believes,"
"estimates," "predicts," "intends," "potential," "proposed," or "continue" or
the negative of those terms. Additionally, statements relating to our business
plans, financial projections, capital needs, business development, capital
raising and business strategies may also consist of or contain forward-looking
statements. Such forward-looking statements are only predictions. In evaluating
these statements, you should specifically consider various factors, including
the risks outlined above. These factors may cause our actual results to differ
materially from any forward-looking statement.
Although we believe that the expectations reflected in the
forward-looking statements are reasonable, we cannot guarantee future results,
levels of activity, performance or achievements. We expressly disclaim any
obligation or intention to update any forward-looking statement.
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Item 2. Description of Property
Terra Systems, Inc., occupies office space located at 7001 South 900
East, Ste 260. Terra Systems, Inc., is renting approximately 2300 square feet of
space. The Company, through its joint venture, Mountain Island Energy Holdings,
LLC, shares in the ownership of 423 acres of land near Soda Springs, Idaho. The
land is strategically located near existing industrial facilities and key
infrastructure. We believe that these properties and facilities will be
sufficient for our needs for the foreseeable future.
Item 3. Legal Proceedings
None
Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders
None.
PART II
Item 5. Market for Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Small
Business Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
MARKET FOR COMMON EQUITY AND RELATED SHAREHOLDER MATTERS
Market for Common Stock continued on the OTC Bulletin Board under the
symbol TSYI
High Low
2007
1st Quarter $0.40 $0.28
2nd Quarter $0.32 $0.21
3rd Quarter $0.29 $0.12
4th Quarter $0.23 $0.14
2006
1st Quarter $0.80 $0.64
2nd Quarter $0.80 $0.45
3rd Quarter(1) $0.65 $0.35
4th Quarter $0.50 $0.34
2005
1st Quarter $2.05 $0.30
2d Quarter $1.01 $0.65
3d Quarter $1.02 $0.81
4th Quarter $0.99 $0.60
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(1)In September 2006, our stock began trading on the OTC bulletin Board under
the ticker symbol "TSYI".
The source of these high and low prices was the Pink Sheets and OTC
Bulletin Board. These quotations reflect inter-dealer prices, without retail
mark-up, mark-down or commission and may not represent actual transactions. The
high and low prices listed have been rounded up to the next highest two decimal
places.
The market price of the common stock is subject to significant
fluctuations in response to variations in the our quarterly operating results,
general trends in the market for our technologies, and other factors, over many
of which we have little or no control. In addition, broad market fluctuations,
as well as general economic, business and political conditions, may adversely
affect the market for our common stock, regardless of our actual or projected
performance. On December 31, 2007, the closing bid price of the common stock as
reported by the OTC Bulletin Board was $0.15 per share.
12
Holders
As of December 31, 2007, there were approximately 291 shareholders of
record of our common stock.
Dividend Policy
We have not paid cash dividends on our common stock and do not intend
to pay any cash dividends in the foreseeable future.
Sales of Unregistered Securities
The following sets forth certain information for all securities we sold
during the past three years without registration under the Securities Act.
2005
During the twelve months ending December 31, 2005, the Company issued
2,350,000 shares of common stock at $0.10 per share for proceeds of $235,000;
600,000 shares of common stock at a price of $0.08 per share for proceeds of
$50,000; 700,000 shares of common stock at a price of $0.07 per share for
proceeds of $50,000; 125,000 shares of common stock at a price of $0.20 per
share for proceeds of $25,000; 700,000 shares of common stock at a price of
$0.25 per share for proceeds of $175,000; 60,000 shares of common stock at a
price of $0.50 per share for proceeds of $30,000; 350,000 shares of common stock
at a price of $0.30 per share or $105,000 for satisfaction of debt; 100,000
shares of common stock at a price of $0.85 per share or $85,000 for satisfaction
of debt; 543,091 shares of common stock at a price of $0.75 per share or
$407,318 for financing fees; 508,936 shares of common stock at a price of $0.75
per share or $381,702 for settlement of debt; 1,302,743 shares of common stock
at a price of $0.80 per share or $1,042,194 for settlement of debt; 90,000
shares of common stock at a price of $0.81 per share or $72,900 for services
rendered; 1,270,000 shares of common stock at a price of $0.95 per share or
$1,206,500 for services rendered; 2,697,257 shares of common stock at a price of
$0.80 per share or $2,157,806 for services rendered; 25,000 shares of common
stock as a price of $0.86 per share or $21,500 for services rendered; 52,941
share of common stock at a price of $0.81 per share or $42,882 for services
rendered; 50,001 shares of common stock at a price of $0.84 per share or $41,999
for services rendered; 200,000 shares of common stock at a price of $0.75 per
share or $150,000 for services rendered; 878,048 shares of common stock at a
price of $0.93 per share or $816,585 in connection with an acquisition; 255,812
shares of common stock at a price of $0.86 per share or $220,000 in connection
with an acquisition.
2006
During the twelve months ending December 31, 2006, the Company issued
342,401 shares of common stock at $0.30 per share for proceeds of $102,720;
500,000 shares of common stock at a price of $0.50 per share for proceeds of
$250,000; 28,572 shares of common stock at a price of $0.35 per share for
proceeds of $10,000; 312,500 shares of common stock at $0.20 per share for
proceeds of $62,500; 65,000 shares of common stock at a price of $0.65 per share
for financing fees and interest valued at $42,250; 70,311 shares of common stock
valued at $0.65 per share or $45,702 for satisfaction of debt; 64,284 shares of
common stock at a price of $0.75 per share or $48,213 for services rendered.
2007
During 2007, the Company issued 1,000,000 shares of common stock at a
price of $0.20 per share for proceeds of $200,000; 250,000 shares of common
stock at a price of $0.15 per share for proceeds of $37,500; 1,200,000 shares of
common stock at a price of $0.10 per share for proceeds of $120,000; 500,000
shares of common stock for proceeds of $50,000 to an individual who exercised
his options to purchase common stock at an exercise price of $0.10 per share;
3,000,000 shares of common stock to employees for services rendered with a value
of $901,500 at a price of $0.30 per share; 40,000 shares of common stock for
financing fees of $14,000 at a price of $0.35 per share; 90,000 shares of common
stock for satisfaction of accounts payable of $30,000 at a price of $0.33 per
share; 1,587,700 shares of common stock, at a price of $0.41 per share, for the
satisfaction of accounts payable of $28,500, related party payable of $92,203,
accrued wages of $255,000, accrued interest of $162,645 and note payable to
13
stockholders of $115,874; 550,000 shares of common stock for satisfaction of a
note payable to stock holder of $50,000 and interest expense of $43,500 at a
price of $0.17 per share. Additionally, the Company issued 2,218,750 shares of
common stock in satisfaction of certain stock purchase rights.
The sales of shares to the buyers were made in privately negotiated
transactions relying on Section 4(2) of the 1933 Act, and rules and regulations
promulgated thereunder, as transactions not involving any public offering. No
advertising or general solicitation was employed in the issuance of the
securities.
The Company did not purchase any shares of its securities during 2007.
Item 6. Management's Discussion and Analysis or Plan of Operation
You should read the following description of our financial condition
and results of operations in conjunction with the audited financial statements
and the notes thereto included elsewhere in this report. This discussion
contains forward-looking statements based upon current expectations that involve
risks and uncertainties. Any statements contained herein that are not statements
of historical fact may be deemed to be forward-looking statements. Our actual
results and the timing of business events may differ significantly from the
results discussed in the forward-looking statements. Factors that might cause a
discrepancy include, but are not limited to, those discussed in "Risk Factors,"
"Business," and elsewhere in this report.
General
Terra Systems was incorporated in Utah on February 17, 1996, and is a
development-stage company. Our primary business is the development and
commercialization of our patented pneumatic accelerator. This device is a gas
linear particle accelerator that conveys and processes bulk materials at high
velocity in a particle isolate state, using air as the medium of movement. The
traditional and more costly medium for processing bulk materials is water. Our
technology operates efficiently at ambient temperatures and at low pressures and
does not use water. We believe that most if not all, organic and inorganic bulk
materials used in basic industries (such as coal, gypsum, black sands, corn,
rice, and wheat) can be more economically separated and classified by our
dry-process technology. This capability facilitates a number of associated
procedures, including: drying, micropulverizing, mixing, forming, conveying, and
loading. In addition, bulk materials can be beneficiated in important ways
including moisture reduction, ash reduction, Btu enhancement, and
electro-customization. We believe our system can perform multiple tasks, needs
less maintenance, requires no chemical additives, and can improve the
surrounding environmental quality.
Our success and ability to compete will be dependent in part on the
protection of our existing and potential patents, trademarks, trade names,
service marks, and other proprietary rights. Thus, a majority of our research
and development efforts have been focused on product development, testing, and
patent application.
We seek to continue developing our products internally through research
and development, or if appropriate, through strategic alliances. We expect,
however, that if we can purchase or license products, services, or technologies
from third parties at a reasonable cost, we will do so in order to avoid the
time and expense involved in developing these products, services, or
technologies.
Results of Operations
Twelve months ended December 31, 2007 compared to twelve months ended December
31, 2006
From inception through December 31, 2007, we have incurred losses
totaling $24,023,323 and generated revenues of $768,136 from operations. During
the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, we had $ 149,994 and $45,897 sales
revenues respectively. This factor, among others, raises substantial doubt
concerning our ability to continue as a going concern. We intend to use capital
and debt financing as needed to supplement the cash flows that we expect will be
provided by licensing agreements. Our primary source of capital historically has
been through the sale of our securities.
Realization of licensing of our technology and sales of our products
and services is vital to operations. We may not be able to continue as a going
concern without realizing additional sales or raising additional capital. We
14
cannot guarantee that we will be able to compete successfully or that the
competitive pressures we may face will not have a material adverse effect on our
business, results of operations and financial condition. Additionally, superior
competitive products could force us out of business.
Our net loss for the year ended December 31, 2007 was approximately
$4,832,509, compared to a net loss for the year ended December 31, 2006, of
approximately $1,412,231. The net loss was attributable to lower than expected
revenues from sales of our products and services. Our expenses for the year
ending December 31, 2007, were approximately $4,881,042 of which approximately
97% were general and administrative expenses. The increase in general and
administrative expenses in 2007 was due to the issuance of 5,218,750 shares of
common stock valued at $1,895,775 for services and financing fees. Also, during
2007 the Company recognized $2,257,161 in expense relating to stock options and
warrants granted during the year. Our expenses for the year ended December 31,
2006, were approximately $1,424,476, of which approximately 91% were general and
administrative. For the year ended December 31, 2007, depreciation and
amortization expense was $8,531 compared to depreciation and amortization
expense of $8,532 for the year ended December 31, 2006.
Future Business
We see opportunities for our technology and business in an array of
large industries, including power generation, agriculture, mining,
environmental, construction, ceramics, and materials transportation. We
anticipate that we will generate revenues through the sale of our proprietary
equipment, fees, royalties, and profit sharing from licensing of our technology.
We are continuing discussions with PacifiCorp regarding pulverized coal
processing for the utility industry. We have been working with management and
engineering personnel in the preliminary product design and development stages.
A major objective of the proposed strategic business alliance with PacifiCorp
will be to design a system that has the ability to produce low ash, low
moisture, and ultra fine coal, that enhances the combustion process and reduce
unburned carbon and nitrogen oxide ("NOx") emissions.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Given our current negative cash flows, it will be difficult for Terra
Systems to continue as a going concern. It will be necessary to raise additional
funds. Funds could be generated through the issuance of additional stock or
through the sale of existing plant and office equipment. We have available to us
a $500,000 line of credit that is guaranteed by two members of our board of
directors, but the use of such funds are limited to the development of the
Hiawatha coal recovery project, and the continuing availability of this line is
contingent on achieving acceptable progress on that project, including its use
as a feedstock for the clean coke pilot plant.
As mentioned in our audited financial statements included with our Form
10-KSB, our audited consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the
assumption that we will continue as a going concern. Our product line is limited
and it has been necessary to rely upon financing from the sale of our equity
securities to sustain operations. Additional financing will be required if we
are to continue as a going concern. If additional financing cannot be obtained,
we may be required to scale back or discontinue operations. Even if additional
financing is available there can be no assurance that it will be on terms
favorable to us. In any event, this additional financing will result in
immediate and possible substantial dilution to existing shareholders.
Item 7. Financial Statements
Audited financial statements for the twelve-month period ending
December 31, 2007, are attached.
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm F-1
Consolidated Balance Sheets- December 31, 2007 and 2006 F-2
15
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Years Ended
December 31, 2007 and 2006 and for the Cumulative Period
February 17, 1996 (Date of Inception), through December
31, 2007 F-3
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Stockholders' Deficit
for the Period February 17, 1996(Date of Inception),
through December 31, 2007 F-4
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Years Ended
December 31, 2007 and 2006, and for the Cumulative Period
February 17, 1996 (Date of Inception), through December
31, 2007 F-7
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements F-8
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Item 8. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and
Financial Disclosure
None.
Item 8A.Controls and Procedures
Management's Report On Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate
internal control over financial reporting as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the
Exchange Act. This rule defines internal control over financial reporting as a
process designed by, or under the supervision of, the Company's Chief Executive
Officer and a consultant performing services for the Company commonly performed
by a chief financial officer, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the
reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements
for external purposes in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Our internal control over
financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that:
o Pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable
detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and
dispositions of the assets of the Company;
o Provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as
necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in
accordance with U.S. GAAP, and that receipts and expenditures
of the Company are being made only in accordance with
authorizations of management and directors of the Company; and
o Provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely
detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of
the Company's assets that could have a material effect on the
financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial
reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. In addition, projections of
any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that
controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the
degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
With the participation of the Chief Executive Officer and the
consultant performing services for the Company commonly performed by a chief
financial officer, our management conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness
of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2007. In
making its assessment, management used the criteria established in Internal
Control--Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring
Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Based on this evaluation, our
management has concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was
not effective as of December 31, 2007, as the result of a material weakness. The
material weakness consisted primarily of inadequate staffing and supervision, as
discussed above.
As a result of these factors, the Company's Chief Executive Officer
and the consultant performing services for the Company commonly performed by a
chief financial officer have concluded that the Company's internal controls and
procedures are not effective as of the period covered by this report.
16
Remediation of Material Weakness
As noted above, the size of the Company prevents it from being able to
employ sufficient resources to enable the Company to have adequate segregation
of duties within its internal control system. Management is required to apply
its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls
and procedures. In order to address the deficiency, management has implemented
tighter cash flow controls and set-up a centralized computer system to maintain
the accounting records. Management will continue to work to address and remedy
the material weakness as the position of the Company permits.
Limitations on the Effectiveness of Internal Controls
Our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and the
consultant performing services for the Company commonly performed by a chief
financial officer, does not expect that our disclosure controls and procedures
or our internal control over financial reporting are or will be capable of
preventing or detecting all errors or all fraud. Any control system, no matter
how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute,
assurance that the control system's objectives will be met. The design of a
control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and
the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Further,
because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of
controls can provide absolute assurance that misstatements, due to error or
fraud will not occur or that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any,
within the company have been detected. These inherent limitations include the
realities that judgments in decision-making can be faulty and that breakdowns
may occur because of simple error or mistake. Controls can also be circumvented
by the individual acts of some persons, by collusion of two or more people, or
by management override of controls. The design of any system of controls is
based in part on certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and
there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated
goals under all potential future conditions. Projections of any evaluation of
controls effectiveness to future periods are subject to risk.
Item 8B. Other Information
None.
PART III
Item 9. Directors, Executive Officers,Promoters, Control Persons, and Corporate
Governance; Compliance with Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act
MANAGEMENT
The following table sets forth information about our board of directors
and management team as of December 31, 2007.
Name Age Position
------------------------ --- ------------------------------------
Clayton D. Timothy 61 Chief Executive Officer and Director
George W. Ford 62 President and Director
L. Kent Harmon 53 Vice President and Director
Mitchell Hart 50 Vice President and Director
Reynold Roeder 49 Director and Chairman of the Board
Frederick W Buckman, Sr. 62 Director
J.R. Key 62 Director
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17
Clayton D Timothy, Director and Chief Executive Officer- Mr. Timothy
has an Associates Degree in Mine Maintenance from the College of Eastern Utah.
His career has evolved around coal mining, initially as a miner, subsequently as
a foreman and in more recent years as entrepreneur and executive in the
development and implementation of technological innovations in the field. In
this span of experiences, he has considerable experience in handling industrial
bulk materials. From 1990-1994, he was Executive Vice President of Environmental
Technologies Group, Inc. (ETGP) of Lehi, Utah, which pioneered and implemented a
patented technology, which agglomerated coal fines. The process became patented
and qualified as a synthetic fuel, entitling it to Section 29 Investment Tax
Credit status. ETGP was eventually renamed Covol Technologies, Inc., and more
than two dozen plants were built to utilize the coal fines technology. From 1994
to 1996, he was Vice President of Industrial Management and Engineering, also in
Lehi, UT. He was the founder of TSYI in 1996.
George W. Ford, Director and President of Terra Systems, Inc. - Mr.
Ford served as Principal Scientist/Vice President of Science and Technology for
Headwaters, Inc., a publicly traded company (NYSE: HW), from June 1998 until
joining Terra Systems, Inc., in May, 2005. He also served as Vice President of
Research and Development of Headwaters from August 1993 through June 1998. Mr.
Ford served as a director of Headwaters from August 1993 until resigning from
the Board in February 1997 in favor of establishing an outside Board. From 1982
to 1993, Mr. Ford was employed at Ballard Medical Products, Inc., in research
and development, principally in the biomedical field. He holds 27 national and
international patents covering a wide variety of technologies. He has functioned
as an independent consultant working on projects in computer programming,
medical product device design and process polymer chemistry design for the
energy industry. Mr. Ford is a member of the American Association for the
Advancement of Science, and the Iron and Steel Society.
L. Kent Harmon, Director and Vice President, Technical Development--Mr.
Harmon has a broad background in the theory and practice of materials science.
Immediately prior to joining TSYI, he was President of Metredyne Imaging
Services, Buena Park, CA, a private company. Metredyne created and marketed
diagnostic systems that quantified the extent of physical impairment caused by
work-related injuries. Mr. Harmon was a founder of TSYI in 1996.
Mitchell J. Hart, P.E., Director, Vice President, Operations of Terra
Systems, Inc and President of Mountain Island Energy, LLC- Mr. Hart served as
Senior Specialist/Project Manager for Monsanto Company from June, 1986 until
joining Terra Systems, Inc., in June 2005. During that time, he managed large
capital projects, directed permitting teams, and provided raw material technical
support to Monsanto's plants in Soda Springs, Idaho, and Rock Springs, Wyoming.
Prior to joining Monsanto, Mr. Hart worked as a Senior Mining Engineer for Shell
Oil Company, developing new mining projects along the Gulf Coast, the hills of
eastern Ohio and the Powder River Basin of Wyoming. He also worked underground
coal in central Illinois for Turris Coal Company. He is a registered
Professional Engineer and holds Professional Miner designation. Mr. Hart was
granted certification as a Glass Production Technologist, a Refractories
Manufacturing Technologist, and a Ceramic Manufacturing Technologist from the
American Ceramic Society. Mr. Hart is the President of the Association of Idaho
Cities (which represents 176 member cities in Idaho), serves as
Secretary/Treasurer of the Southeast Idaho Council of Governments, and is in his
third term as a member of the Soda Springs City Council. He previously served as
a member of the Board of Trustees of Joint School District #150 in Soda Springs.
He is a member of the Society of Mining Engineers, of AIME, and the National
Mining Association.
Frederick W. Buckman, Sr., Director - Mr. Buckman has extensive
experience in leadership. Buckman was a co-founder and former Chairman and CEO
of Trans-Elect, Inc., the first independent owner and developer of electrical
transmission systems in the U.S. From 1994 to 1998, Buckman served as President
and Chief Executive Officer of PacifiCorp. Prior to joining PacifiCorp, Buckman
was President and Chief Executive Officer of Consumers Power Co., the utility
subsidiary of CMS Energy. Buckman serves as a member of the board and Lead
Director of StanCorp Financial Group (NYSE:SFG). He also serves as a member of
the board of InfraSource Services, Inc. (NYSE:IFS) and MMC Energy (OTC BB:MMCN).
A graduate of the University of Michigan with a bachelor's degree in science
engineering, Buckman received his doctorate in nuclear engineering from the
Massachusetts Institute of Technology and attended the advanced management
program at Harvard Business School.
18
Reynold Roeder, Director and Chairman of the Board - Mr. Roeder brings
over 25 years experience in operations, accounting, finance, investment banking
and strategic planning with Portland Family of Funds, United Fund Advisors,
LECTRIX LLC, PacifiCorp, and Deloitte & Touche. Mr. Roeder's management
experience includes building several organizations from the ground up,
structuring and negotiating large scale transactions and helping create industry
standards in IRC Section 29 tax credits for synthetic fuels produced from coal.
Mr. Roeder serves on the Board of Directors of Raser Technologies (NYSE Arca:RZ)
and is the CEO of LECTRIX LLC, a developer of merchant electrical transmission
lines, and CEO of United Fund Advisors, an investment banking firm specializing
in tax credit transactions. During his career, Mr. Roeder has held CPA licenses
in the states of New York, California and Oregon. Mr. Roeder graduated with
honors in Business Administration from Portland State University.
J.R. Key, Director - Mr. Key has served in various senior positions
during his career. He served as superintendent for Bankhead Mining Co.,
Jefferson Coal Co. and Cobb Coal Company in Alabama. He was General Manager of
P.V. Mining Co. in Indiana. He later served as Vice President and General
Manager of Bridger Coal Co. in Wyoming. From 1994 to 1997 he held the position
of Director of Technical Services at InterWest Mining Company (a division of
PacifiCorp) in Salt Lake City. Mr. Key became involved in the Section 29
projects with PacifiCorp in 1996. He presently oversees operations of the four
synfuels plants for Synfuel Management, LLC. Mr. Key has over 35 years of coal
industry experience.
Compliance with Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act
None of the Company's executive officers or directors filed Forms 5 for
the year ended December 31, 2007. During the twelve months ending December 31,
2007 executive officers or directors sold no securities.
Code of Ethics
The Company is in the process of adopting a code of ethics for our
principal executive and financial officers. In the meantime, our management
intends to promote honest and ethical conduct, full and fair disclosure in our
reports to the SEC, and compliance with applicable governmental laws and
regulations.
There have been no changes to the procedures by which security holders
may recommend nominees to the Company's board of directors. As of the date of
this Report, the Company did not have a nominating committee of the board of
directors, and the board of directors performed that role.
As of the date of this Report, the Company had both an audit committee
and a compensation committee of the board of directors. The Audit Committee is
comprised of Frederick Buckman Sr., Reynold Roeder, and Jerry Robert Key. Mr.
Roeder chairs the audit committee and serves as its designated financial expert.
The Compensation Committee is comprised of Frederick Buckman Sr., Reynold
Roeder, and Jerry Robert Key. Mr. Buckman serves as Chairman of the compensation
committee. Messrs. Buckman, Roeder, and Key are independent directors within the
meaning of that term under applicable Securities and Exchange Commission rules.
As of the date of this report the audit committee is in the process of adopting
a charter.
Item 10. Executive Compensation
EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
The Company's compensation program is designed to encompass several
factors in determining the compensation of the Company's names executive
officers. The following are the main objectives of the compensation program for
the Company's named executive officers:
o Retain qualified officers
o Provide overall corporate direction for the officers and also
to provide direction that is specific to officer's respective
areas of authority. The level of compensation amongst the
officer group, in relation to one another, is also considered
in order to maintain a high level of satisfaction within the
leadership group. We consider the relationship that the
19
officers maintain to be one of the most important elements of
the leadership group.
o Provide a performance incentive for the officers.
The Company's compensation program is designed to reward the officers
in the following areas:
o achievement of specific goals;
o professional education and development;
o creativity in the form of innovative ideas and analysis for
new programs and projects;
o new program implementation;
o attainment of company goals, budgets, and objectives;
o results oriented determination and organization;
o positive and supportive direction for company personnel; and
o community involvement.
As of the date of this Report, there were three principal elements of
named executive officer compensation. The Board of Directors determines the
portion of compensation allocated to each element for each individual named
executive officer. The discussions of compensation practices and policies are of
historical practices and policies. Our Board of Directors is expected to
continue these policies and practices, but will reevaluate the practices and
policies as it considers advisable.
The elements of the compensation program include:
o Base salary;
o Stock options and stock awards
o Employee benefits in the form of:
o Health and dental insurance
o Life insurance
o Other de minimis benefits
Base salary
Base salary is intended to provide competitive compensation for job
performance and to attract and retain qualified named executive officers. The
base salary level is determined by considering several factors inherent in the
market place such as: the size of the company; the prevailing salary levels for
the particular office or position; prevailing salary levels in a given
geographic locale; and the qualifications and experience of the named executive
officer. Due to limited working capital, our executives have allowed the Company
to defer a substantial portion of their base salary, but are not under any
obligation to continue to do so.
Stock options and stock awards
Stock ownership is provided to enable named executive officers and
directors to participate in the success of the Company. The direct or potential
ownership of stock will also provide the incentive to expand the involvement of
the named executive officer to include, and therefore be mindful of, the
perspective of stockholders of the Company.
Employee benefits
Several of the employee benefits for the named executive officers are
selected to provide security for the named executive officers. Most notably,
insurance coverage for health, life, and liability are intended to provide a
level of protection to that will enable the named executive officers to function
without having the distraction of having to manage undue risk. The health
insurance also provides access to preventative medical care which will help the
named executive officers function at a high energy level, to manage job related
stress, and contribute to the overall well being of the named executive
officers, all of which contribute to an enhanced job performance.
Other de minimis benefits
Other de minimis employee benefits such as cell phones, parking, and
auto usage reimbursements are directly related to job functions but contain a
20
personal use element, which is considered to be a goodwill gesture that
contributes to enhanced job performance.
As discussed above, the Board of Directors determines the portion of
compensation allocated to each element for each individual named executive
officer. As a general rule, salary is competitively based while giving
consideration to employee retention, qualifications, performance, and general
market conditions. Typically, stock options are based on the current market
value of the option and how that will contribute to the overall compensation of
the named executive officer. Consideration is also given to the fact that the
option has the potential for an appreciated future value. As such, the future
value may be the most significant factor of the option, but it is also more
difficult to quantify as a benefit to the named executive officer.
Accordingly, in determining the compensation program for the Company,
as well as setting the compensation for each named executive officer, the Board
of Directors attempts to attract the interest of the named executive officer
within in the constraints of a compensation package that is fair and equitable
to all parties involved.
This table provides summary information concerning compensation earned
by or paid to each named executive officer for services rendered in all
capacities to us during fiscal year 2007.
SUMMARY COMPENSATION TABLE
Non-Equity Change in
Incentive Pesion Value and
Salary Stock Option Plan Deferred Compensation All Other
Name and (1)(2) Bonus Awards Grants Compensation Earnings Compensation Total
Position Year $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Clayton Timothy, 2006 120,000 - - - - - - 120,000
Chief Exective Officer 2007 120,000 - - - - - - 120,000
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
George W. Ford. 2006 120,000 - - - - - - 120,000
President 2007 120,000 - 450,000 - - - - 570,000
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Mitchell J. Hart, 2006 120,000 - - - - - - 120,000
Vice President 2007 110,000 - 450,000 - - - - 560,000
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
(1)During 2006 actual compensation paid to each named officer was $110,000 with
$10,000 each being accrued as a liability.
(2) During 2007 actual compensation paid to each named officer was $45,000 each
with $75,000 being accrued as a liability. Mr. Hart ceased employment with the
Company on November 30,2007 accordlingly $65,000 was accrued for him
The following table provides summary information concerning outstanding
equity awards for named executive officers as of December 31, 2007.
OUTSTANDING EQUITY AWARDS AT FISCAL 2007 YEAR-END
Option Awards
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Equity Incentive
Number of Number of Plan Awards:
Securities Securities Number of
Underlying Underlying Securities
Unxercised Unxercised Underlying Option Option
Options (#) Options (#) Unexercised Exercise Expiration
Name and Position Exercisable Unexercisable Unearned Options Price Date
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Clayton Timothy, Chief
Executive Officer 300,000 - - 0.10 17-May-08
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
George W. Ford. President 228,572 571,428 - 0.38 30-Nov-25
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Mitchell J. Hart, Vice
President 228,572 571,428 - 0.38 30-Nov-25
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
Stock Awards
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Equity Incentive
Equity Incentive Plan Awards:
Number of Market value Plan Awards: Market or payout value
Shares or Units of Shares or Number of Unearned of unearned Shares,
of Stock that Units of Stock Shares, Units or other Units or other
Have not that have not rights that have not rights that have not
vested vested vested vested
Name and Position (#) ($) (#) ($)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Clayton Timothy, Chief
Executive Officer - - - -
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
George W. Ford. President - - - -
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Mitchell J. Hart, Vice
President - - - -
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
21
Stock Options Granted In 2007
During 2007, the Company granted options to purchase an aggregate of
10,000,000 shares of common stock to four individuals, three of whom are
directors of the Company, discussed below, and one of whom was a consultant. The
options have an exercise price of $0.28 to $0.33 per share, and an expiration
date through June 2014.
Reynold Roeder, Frederick Buckman Sr., and Jerry Robert Key, each, as a
Director, received 3,000,000 of the options described in the preceding
paragraph.
Compensation of Directors
Directors who also serve as executive officers do not receive any
additional compensation for their services as directors. Non-employee directors
are not paid an annual fee for services as board members.
Item 11. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and
Related Stockholder Matters
SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT
The following table provides information regarding beneficial ownership
of our common stock as of December 31, 2007, by:
o Each person or entity known to us to own beneficially more
than 5% of our common stock;
o Each of the named executive officers;
o Each of our directors; and
o All executive officers and directors as a group.
The following table assumes the applicable percentage ownership is
based on 53,111,806 shares of common stock outstanding as of December 31, 2007;
4,690,478 shares of common stock options that are exercisable and 531,514
warrants to purchase shares of common stock.
Beneficial ownership is determined based on the rules and regulations
of the Securities and Exchange Commission. In computing the number of shares
beneficially owned by a person and the percentage ownership of that person,
shares of common stock subject to options held by that person that are
exercisable or exercisable within 60 days of the date of this Report are counted
as outstanding. These shares, however, are not counted as outstanding for the
purposes of computing the percentage ownership of any other person. Except as
indicated in the footnotes to this table and pursuant to applicable community
property laws, each shareholder named in the table has sole voting and
investment power with respect to the shares set forth opposite that
shareholder's name. Unless otherwise noted, the address of each beneficial owner
listed below is c/o Terra Systems, 7001 South 900 East, Ste 260, Midvale, Utah
84047.
Shareholder Shares Beneficially Percentage of
Owned Ownership
Clayton Timothy
Chief Executive Officer, Director 4,076,465(1) 7.63%
George W. Ford
President, Director 2,487,037(2) 4.66%
L. Kent Harmon
Vice President, Director 2,850,000(1) 5.34%
|
22
Mitchell Hart
Vice President, Director 2,012,037(2) 3.77%
Frederick Buckman Sr.
Director 2,265,757(3) 4.09%
Jerry Robert Key
Director 2,000,000(4) 3.63%
Reynold Roeder, Director and Chairman of
the Board 5,047,007(5) 9.11%
All Executive Officers and Directors as
A group (7 individuals) 20,738,303(6) 34.16%
(1) Shares beneficially owned include options to purchase up to 300,000
shares.
(2) Shares beneficially owned include options to purchase up to 228,572
shares.
|
(3) Shares beneficially owned include options to purchase up to 2,000,000
shares and a warrant to purchase 265,757 shares.
(4) Shares beneficially owned include options to purchase up to 2,000,000
shares.
(5) Shares beneficially owned includes 2,781,250 shares, options to
purchase up to an additional 2,000,000 shares and a warrant to purchase
265,757 shares. Mr. Roeder owns the securities jointly with Wendy
Roeder.
(6) Shares beneficially owned include options to purchase up to 7,057,144
shares and warrants to purchase 531,514 shares.
Securities Authorized Under Equity Compensation Plans
As of December 31, 2007, the Company had no equity compensation plans
or option plans.
Item 12. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director
Independence
As of the date of this Report, the Company's common stock traded on the
OTC Bulletin Board (the "Bulletin Board"). The Bulletin Board does not impose on
the Company standards relating to director independence or the makeup of
committees with independent directors, or provide definitions of independence.
Nevertheless, the Company has undertaken to appoint three individuals to its
Board of Directors, Messrs. Buckman, Key, and Roeder, who are independent under
the NASDAQ Marketplace Rules and those standards applicable to companies trading
on NASDAQ.
Specifically, none of Mr. Buckman, Mr. Key, or Mr. Roeder:
- has been any time during the past three years employed by the
Company or by any parent or subsidiary of the Company;
- has accepted or has a family member who accepted any
compensation from the Company in excess of $60,000 during any
period of twelve consecutive months within the three years
preceding the determination of independence, other than
compensation for board or board committee service;
- is a family member of an individual who is, or at any time
during the past three years was, employed by the Company as an
executive officer;
- is, or has a Family Member who is, a partner in, or a
controlling shareholder or an executive officer of, any
organization to which the Company made, or from which the
company received, payments for property or services in the
current or any of the past three fiscal years that exceed 5%
of the recipient's consolidated gross revenues for that year,
or $200,000, whichever is more:
23
- is, or has a family member who is, employed as an executive
officer of another entity where at any time during the past
three years any of the executive officers of the Company serve
on the compensation committee of such other entity; or
- is, or has a family member who is, a current partner of the
Company's outside auditor, or was a partner or employee of the
Company's outside auditor who worked on the Company's audit at
any time during any of the past three years.
Item 13. Exhibits
Exhibit No. Title of Document
----------- -----------------
2 Articles of Merger of Terra Systems, Inc., with and into Terra
Merger Subsidiary, Inc., incorporated by reference from the
Company's Form 10-SB, filed with the Commission on September 6,
2000.
3.1 Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation of Terra Systems,
Inc., formerly known as Xullux, Inc., incorporated by reference
from the Company's Form 10-SB, filed with the Commission on
September 6, 2000.
3.2 Articles of Incorporation of Terra Merger Subsidiary, Inc.,
incorporated by reference from the Company's Form 10-SB, filed
with the Commission on September 6, 2000.
3.4 Revised Bylaws of Terra Systems, Inc. (formerly known as Xullux,
Inc.), incorporated by reference from the Company's Form 10-SB,
filed with the Commission on September 6, 2000.
10.1 Agreement Between Terra Systems, Inc., and XCEL Associates, Inc.,
dated March 29, 2000, incorporated by reference from Amendment
No. 1 to the Company's Form 10-SB, filed with the Commission on
December 1, 2000.
10.2 Memorandum of Affiliation between the Company and Clayton
Timothy, dated May 12, 2005 (filed as an exhibit to the Company's
Annual Report on Form 10-KSB filed April 17, 2006)
10.3 Memorandum of Affiliation between the Company and George W. Ford
Jr., dated May 12, 2005 (filed as an exhibit to the Company's
Annual Report on Form 10-KSB filed April 17, 2006)
10.4 Memorandum of Affiliation between the Company and Mitchell J.
Hart, dated May 12, 2005 (filed as an exhibit to the Company's
Annual Report on Form 10-KSB filed April 17, 2006)
31.1 Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification
31.2 Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification
32.1 Section 1350 Certification
32.2 Section 1350 Certification
99.1 Stock Issuance with A Call Option Vesting Schedule & Stock Issued
for Services - Non Employees, incorporated by reference from
Amendment No. 1 to the Company's Form 10-SB, filed with the
Commission on December 1, 2000.
|
Item 14. Principal Accountant Fees and Services
Audit Fees
Audit fees billed during 2007 and 2006 were $33,994 and $52,000,
respectively.
Audit-related Fees
Not applicable.
24
Tax Fees
Not applicable.
All Other Fees
Not applicable.
Audit Committee Policies and Procedures
As of the date of this report the audit committee is in the process of
adopting a charter.
25
SIGNATURES
In accordance with Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934,
the registrant caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned,
thereunto duly authorized.
Date: April 14, 2008
TERRA SYSTEMS, INC.
By: /s/ Clayton Timothy
-----------------------------------------------
Clayton Timothy
CEO
(Principal Executive Officer)
By: /s/ Mark Faerber
-----------------------------------------------
Mark Faerber
Consultant performing services for the Company
commonly performed by a chief financial officer
|
In accordance with the Exchange Act this report has been signed below by the
following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the
dates indicated.
Date: April 14, 2008
/s/ George W. Ford
------------------------------------
Name: George W. Ford
Director
/s/ Mitchell Hart
------------------------------------
Name: Mitchell Hart
Director
/s/ L. Kent Harmon
------------------------------------
Name: L. Kent Harmon
Director
/s/ Reynold Roeder
------------------------------------
Name: Reynold Roeder
Director
/s/ Frederick Buckman Sr.
------------------------------------
Name: Frederick Buckman Sr.
Director
/s/ Jerry Robert Key
------------------------------------
Name: Jerry Robert Key
Director
|
26
TERRA SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
(A Development Stage Company)
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
AND
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December 31, 2007 and 2006
TERRA SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
(A Development Stage Company)
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm F-1
Consolidated Balance Sheets - December 31, 2007 and 2006 F-2
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Years Ended
December 31, 2007 and 2006, and for the Cumulative Period
February 17, 1996 (Date of Inception), through December 31, 2007 F-3
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Stockholders' Deficit
for the Period February 17, 1996 (Date of Inception), through
December 31, 2007 F-4
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Years Ended December 31,
2007 and 2006, and for the Cumulative Period
February 17, 1996 (Date of Inception), through December 31, 2007 F-7
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements F-8
|
HANSEN, BARNETT & MAXWELL, P.C.
A Professional Corporation
CERTIFIED PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS Registered with the Public Company
5 Triad Center, Suite 750 Accounting Oversight Board
Salt Lake City, UT 84180-1128
Phone: (801) 532-2200
Fax: (801) 532-7944
www.hbmcpas.com
|
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Board of Directors and Shareholders
Terra Systems, Inc. and Subsidiaries
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Terra Systems,
Inc. and Subsidiaries (a development stage company) as of December 31, 2007 and
2006, and the related consolidated statements of operations, stockholders'
deficit, and cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006 and for
the cumulative period from February 17, 1996 (date of inception) through
December 31, 2007. These financial statements are the responsibility of the
Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these
financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company
Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan
and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the
financial statements are free of material misstatement. The company is not
required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal
control over financial reporting. Our audit included consideration of internal
control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that
are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an
opinion on the effectiveness of the company's internal control over financial
reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit includes examining,
on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the
financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles
used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the
overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a
reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present
fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Terra Systems, Inc.
and Subsidiaries as of December 31, 2007 and 2006, and the results of its
operations and its cash flows for the years then ended and for the period from
February 17, 1996 through December 31, 2007, in conformity with accounting
principles generally accepted in the United States.
The accompanying financial statements have been prepared assuming that the
Company will continue as a going concern. The Company has incurred losses and
negative cash flows from operations during each of the two years in the period
ended December 31, 2007 and from inception through December 31, 2007. As of
December 31, 2007, the Company had an accumulated deficit of $24,023,323 and
negative working capital of $1,870,217. These matters raise substantial doubt
about the Company's ability to continue as a going concern. Management's plans
concerning these matters are also described in Note 1. The financial statements
do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this
uncertainty.
As explained in Note 1 and Note 6 to the consolidated financial statements,
effective January 1, 2006, the Company adopted Statement of Financial Accounting
Standards123(R) "Share-Based Payment".
HANSEN, BARNETT & MAXWELL, P.C.
Salt Lake City, Utah
April 14, 2008
F-1
TERRA SYSTEMS, INC AND SUBSIDIARY
(A Development Stage Company)
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
December 31, December 31,
2007 2006
------------ ------------
ASSETS
Current Assets
Cash $ 30,692 $ 52,091
Other current assets 13,894 5,391
------------ ------------
Total Current Assets 44,586 57,482
------------ ------------
Property and Equipment
Furniture and equipment 582,407 582,407
Software 10,380 10,380
Less: Accumulated depreciation (482,659) (474,128)
------------ ------------
Net Property and Equipment 110,128 118,659
------------ ------------
Investment in joint venture 392,251 392,251
------------ ------------
Total Assets $ 546,965 $ 568,392
============ ============
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' DEFICIT
Current Liabilities
Accounts payable $ 431,857 $ 531,087
Bank line of credit 43,805 -
Accounts payable to related parties 105,242 197,445
Accrued liabilities 285,263 331,935
Accrued interest to related parties 243,956 326,133
Notes payable to stockholders 804,680 970,554
------------ ------------
Total Current Liabilities 1,914,803 2,357,154
------------ ------------
Stockholders' Deficit
Common stock - $0.001 par value;
100,000,000 shares authorized;
53,111,806 and 42,675,356 issued
and outstanding, respectively 53,109 42,672
Additional paid-in capital 22,602,376 17,359,380
Deficit accumulated during development stage (24,023,323) (19,190,814)
------------ ------------
Total Stockholders' Deficit (1,367,838) (1,788,762)
------------ ------------
Total Liabilities and Stockholders' Deficit $ 546,965 $ 568,392
============ ============
|
See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
F-2
TERRA SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
(A Development Stage Company)
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
From Inception
of the
Development
Stage on
February 17,
For the Year Ended 1996
December 31, Through
---------------------------- December 31,
2007 2006 2007
------------ ------------ ------------
Revenues $ 149,994 $ 45,897 $ 768,136
Cost of Revenues 114,659 44,968 564,904
------------ ------------ ------------
Gross Profit 35,335 929 203,232
------------ ------------ ------------
Operating Expenses
Research and development - - 2,063,996
General and administrative 4,731,644 1,296,669 19,747,486
Depreciation and amortization 8,531 8,532 803,632
------------ ------------ ------------
Total Operating Expenses 4,740,175 1,305,201 22,615,114
------------ ------------ ------------
Loss from Operations (4,704,840) (1,304,272) (22,411,882)
------------ ------------ ------------
Nonoperating Income/(Expenses)
Other income 13,198 12,245 87,446
Interest expense (140,867) (120,204) (1,531,880)
Interest income - - 1,709
Gain from settlement of debt - - 64,284
Loss on sale of securities - - (99,000)
Gain (loss) on sale of assets - - (134,000)
------------ ------------ ------------
Net Nonoperating Expenses (127,669) (107,959) (1,611,441)
------------ ------------ ------------
Net Loss $ (4,832,509) $ (1,412,231) $(24,023,323)
============ ============ ============
Basic and Diluted Loss
Per Share $ (0.10) $ (0.03)
============ ============
Weighted Average Shares
Outstanding 48,060,906 42,072,927
============ ============
|
See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
F-3
TERRA SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
(A Development Stage Company)
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS' DEFICIT
Deficit
Common Accumulated
Common Stock Additional Stock Subscrip- Deferred During the Total
--------------------- Paid-In Subscrip- tion Compen- Development Stockholders'
Shares Amount Capital tions Receivable sation Stage Deficit
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balance - February 17,
1996 (Inception) - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ -
Shares issued to
founders
March 1996 -
$0.00 per share 48,000,000 48,000 (47,520) - - - - 480
Shares issued to
acquire Xullux
May 1996 - $0.00
per share 2,955,100 2,955 (2,955) - - - - -
Common stock
subscriptions July
1996 through
September 1996 - - - 196,000 - - - 196,000
Shares issued for
marketable
securities
September 1996 -
$0.80 per share 19,000 19 15,181 174,800 - - - 190,000
Shares issued for cash
September 1996 -
$0.80 to $1.00
per share 706,500 707 667,793 10,000 - - - 678,500
October 1996 -
$0.80 per share 350,000 350 279,650 - - - - 280,000
November 1996 -
$1.75 per share 12,000 12 20,988 - - - - 21,000
December 1996 -
$1.75 to $2.00
per share 57,500 58 103,692 - - - - 103,750
January 1997 -
$1.00 to $1.75
per share 126,000 126 145,374 - - - - 145,500
February 1997 -
$1.00 per share 100,000 100 99,900 - - - - 100,000
March 1997 - $1.75
per share 25,413 25 44,448 - - - - 44,473
April 1997 - $2.00
per share 7,500 8 14,992 - - - - 15,000
May 1997 - $1.00
per share 100,000 100 99,900 - - - - 100,000
June 1997 - $1.00
per share 90,000 90 89,910 - - - - 90,000
August 1997 - $0.50
to $1.00 per share 70,000 70 44,930 - - - - 45,000
October 1997 -
$1.00 per share 25,000 25 24,975 - - - - 25,000
November 1997 -
$0.72 to $0.80 per
share 172,399 173 128,243 - - - - 128,416
December 1997 -
$0.80 per share 84,375 84 67,416 - - - - 67,500
April 1998 - $0.50
to $0.73 per share 239,502 240 146,671 - - - - 146,911
May 1998 - $0.75 to
$0.80 per share 38,333 38 29,962 - - - - 30,000
June 1998 - $0.75
per share 30,146 30 22,579 - - - - 22,609
July 1998 - $0.36
to $0.73 per share 236,846 237 119,368 - - - - 119,605
August 1998 - $0.50
per share 20,000 20 9,980 - - - - 10,000
November 1998 -
$0.30 to $0.33 per
share 78,000 78 24,772 - - - - 24,850
December 1998 -
$0.32 to $0.33 per
share 72,900 73 23,664 - - - - 23,737
January 1999 -
$0.50 per share 100,000 100 49,900 - - - - 50,000
April 1999 - $0.25
per share 20,000 20 4,980 - - - - 5,000
May 1999 - $0.50
per share 20,000 20 9,980 - - - - 10,000
June 1999 - $0.50
per share 100,000 100 49,900 - - - - 50,000
July 1999 - $0.25
per share 200,000 200 50,260 - - - - 50,460
September 1999 -
$0.40 and $0.50
per share 145,000 145 59,855 - - - - 60,000
October 1999 -
$0.50 per share 60,000 60 29,940 - - - - 30,000
December 1999 -
$0.50 per share 60,000 60 29,940 - - - - 30,000
January 2000 -
$0.25 per share 12,000 12 2,988 - - - - 3,000
February 2000 -
$0.25 per share 40,000 40 9,960 - - - - 10,000
March 2000 -
$0.25 per share 139,340 140 34,696 - - - - 34,836
April 2000 -
$0.30 per share 33,333 33 9,967 - - - - 10,000
July 2000 -
$0.25 per share 32,000 32 7,968 - - - - 8,000
August 2000 -
$0.25 per share 120,000 120 29,880 - - - - 30,000
January 2001 -
$0.20 per share 100,000 100 19,900 - - - - 20,000
May 2001 - $0.20 to
$0.25 per share 150,000 150 30,350 - - - - 30,500
June 2001 - $0.25
per share 10,000 10 2,490 - - - - 2,500
July 2001 - $0.19
per share 32,000 32 6,014 - - - - 6,046
August 2001 - $0.10
per share 500,000 500 49,500 - - - - 50,000
November 2001 -
$0.20 to $0.23 per
share 680,434 680 139,320 - (100,000) - - 40,000
March 2002 - $0.15
per share 75,000 75 11,175 - - - - 11,250
July 2003 - $0.10
per share 175,000 175 17,325 - - - - 17,500
November 2003 -
$0.20 per share 125,000 125 24,875 - - - - 25,000
April 2004 - $0.14
per share 84,500 85 11,915 - - - - 12,000
June 2004 - $0.14
per share 35,500 36 4,964 - - - - 5,000
June 2004 - $0.19
per share 84,210 84 15,916 - - - - 16,000
December 2004 -
$0.33 per share 30,000 30 9,970 - - - - 10,000
February 2005 -
$0.10 per share 100,000 100 9,900 - - - - 10,000
March 2005 - $0.10
per share 2,250,000 2,250 222,750 - - - - 225,000
March 2005 - $0.20
per share 125,000 125 24,875 - - - - 25,000
March 2005 - $0.08
per share 600,000 600 49,400 - - - - 50,000
March 2005 - $0.07
per share 700,000 700 49,300 - - - - 50,000
July 2005 - $0.25
per share 400,000 400 99,600 - - - - 100,000
December 2005 -
$0.25 per share 300,000 300 74,700 - - - - 75,000
December 2005 -
$0.50 per share 60,000 60 29,940 - - - - 30,000
Shares issued in
satisfaction of
subscription
agreements
October - December
1996 $0.80 to
$1.00 per share 246,000 245 205,755 (206,000) - - - -
December 1996 -
$0.76 per share 231,000 231 174,569 (174,800) - - - -
Shares issued for
current and future
services
May 1997 - $1.00
per share 75,000 75 74,850 - - (74,925) - -
March 1998 -
$1.13 per share 350,000 350 393,400 - - (393,750) - -
March 1999 -
$0.50 per share 106,286 106 53,083 - - - - 53,189
June 1999 - $0.50
per share 60,000 60 29,940 - - - - 30,000
September 1999 -
$0.70 to $0.97 per
share 63,000 63 49,257 - - (19,320) - 30,000
December 1999 -
$0.60 per share 50,000 50 29,950 - - - - 30,000
See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
F-4
|
TERRA SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
(A Development Stage Company)
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS' DEFICIT
(CONTINUED)
Deficit
Common Accumulated
Common Stock Additional Stock Subscrip- Deferred During the Total
--------------------- Paid-In Subscrip- tion Compen- Development Stockholders'
Shares Amount Capital tions Receivable sation Stage Deficit
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
March 2000 - $0.50
per share 60,000 60 29,940 - - - - 30,000
May 2000 - $0.48
per share 62,920 63 29,937 - - - - 30,000
July 2000 - $1.00
per share 15,000 15 14,985 - - - - 15,000
September 2000 -
$0.25 per share 122,400 122 29,878 - - - - 30,000
October 2000 -
$0.25 per share 75,000 75 18,675 - - - - 18,750
December 2000 -
$0.39 per share 99,338 99 38,901 - - - - 39,000
January 2001 -
$0.50 per share 12,500 13 6,238 - - - - 6,251
March 2001 -
$0.50 per share 60,000 60 29,940 - - - - 30,000
June 2001 -
$0.40 per share 97,500 98 38,902 - - - - 39,000
September 2001 -
$0.20 per share 500,000 500 99,500 - - - - 100,000
October 2001 -
$0.20 per share 530,000 530 105,470 - - - - 106,000
November 2001 -
$0.15 per share 180,000 180 26,820 - - - - 27,000
July 2002- $0.18
to $0.19 per share 504,529 505 92,195 - - - - 92,700
November 2002 -
$0.16 to $0.17 per
share 501,766 501 82,799 - - - - 83,300
March 2003 - $0.14
per share 314,287 314 43,686 - - - - 44,000
May 2003- $0.15 per
share 10,000 10 1,490 - - - - 1,500
October 2003- $0.19
to $0.28 per share 982,141 982 265,476 - - - - 266,458
April 2004 - $0.28
per share 375,000 375 107,625 - - - - 108,000
August 2004 - $0.22
per share 204,546 204 61,161 - - - - 61,365
April 2005 - $0.81
per share 90,000 90 72,810 - - - - 72,900
May 2005 - $0.95
per share 1,270,000 1,270 1,205,230 - - - - 1,206,500
May 2005 - $0.80
per share 2,697,257 2,697 2,155,109 - - - - 2,157,806
July 2005 - $0.86
per share 25,000 25 21,475 - - - - 21,500
July 2005 - $0.81
per share 52,941 53 42,829 - - - - 42,882
October 2005 -
$0.84 per share 50,001 50 41,949 - - - - 41,999
December 2005 -
$0.75 per share 200,000 200 149,800 - - - - 150,000
Shares issued for
financing fees
March 2003 - $0.17
to $0.20 per share 43,000 43 8,047 - - - - 8,090
July 2003 - $0.18
per share 31,500 32 5,639 - - - - 5,671
August 2003 - $0.18
per share 7,000 7 1,253 - - - - 1,260
September 2003 -
$0.18 per share 10,000 10 1,790 - - - - 1,800
October 2003 -
$0.18 per share 25,000 25 4,475 - - - - 4,500
May 2004 - $0.30
per share 2,713 3 811 - - - - 814
December 2005 -
$0.75 per share 543,091 543 406,775 - - - - 407,318
Shares issued for
settlement of
liabilities
January 1999 -
$0.25 per share 200,000 200 49,800 - - - - 50,000
February 2002-
$0.51 per share 49,020 49 24,951 - - - - 25,000
June 2003 - $0.18
per share 200,000 200 34,800 - - - - 35,000
December 2003 -
$0.36 per share 1,326,216 1,326 476,112 - - - - 477,438
November 2003 -
$0.25 per share 40,000 40 9,960 - - - - 10,000
May 2004 - $0.25
per share 635,966 635 158,355 - - - - 158,990
December 2004 -
$0.30 per share 900,000 900 269,100 - - - 270,000
February 2005 -
$0.30 per share 350,000 350 104,650 - - - - 105,000
April 2005 - $0.85
per share 100,000 100 84,900 - - - - 85,000
May 2005 - $0.80
per share 1,302,743 1,303 1,040,891 - - - - 1,042,194
December 2005 -
$0.75 per share 508,936 509 381,193 - - - - 381,702
Exercise of share
rights
May 2000 - $0.25
per share (cash) 400,000 400 99,600 - - - - 100,000
October 2000 -
$0.25 per share
(cash) 300,000 300 59,700 - - - - 60,000
November 2000 -
$0.20 per share
(services) 225,000 225 44,775 - - - - 45,000
December 2000 -
$0.20 per share
(cash) 75,000 75 14,925 - - - - 15,000
Exercise of stock
options
April 2000 - $0.20
per share
(conversion of
debt) 500,000 500 99,500 - - - - 100,000
December 2000 -
$0.20 per share
(cash) 25,000 25 4,975 - - - - 5,000
January 2001 -
$0.20-$0.25 per
share 825,000 825 166,675 - - - - 167,500
Share redemptions
September 1996 - no
consideration (3,000,000) (3,000) 3,000 - - - - -
December 1996 -
$0.001 per share (36,775,000) (36,775) - - - - - (36,775)
December 1999 -
$1.13 per share (100,000) (100) (112,300) - - 112,400 - -
March 2000 - $1.13
per share (50,000) (50) (56,150) - - 56,200 - -
Shares issued as part
of land acquisition
August 2005 -
$0.93 per share 878,048 878 815,707 - - - - 816,585
August 2005 - $0.86
per share 255,812 256 219,744 - - - - 220,000
Payment on
subscription
receivable - - - - 51,250 - - 51,250
Return of shares in
satisfaction of
subscription
receivable (130,000) (130) (25,870) - 26,000 - - -
Write off subscription
receivable balance - - - - 22,750 - - 22,750
Compensation from
grant of stock
rights and options - - 1,106,626 - - - - 1,106,626
Consulting expense
from grant of share
right - - 818,500 - - - - 818,500
Amortization of
deferred
compensation - - - - - 319,395 - 319,395
Compensation relating
to intrinsic value
of stock options - - 728,331 - - - - 728,331
Net loss from February
17, 1996 through
December 31, 2005 - - - - - - (17,778,583) (17,778,583)
----------- -------- ----------- -------- -------- ---------- ------------- -------------
Balance December 31,
2005 41,292,288 41,292 16,333,170 - - - (17,778,583) (1,404,121)
See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
F-5
|
TERRA SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
(A Development Stage Company)
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS' DEFICIT
(CONTINUED)
Deficit
Common Accumulated
Common Stock Additional Stock Subscrip- Deferred During the Total
--------------------- Paid-In Subscrip- tion Compen- Development Stockholders'
Shares Amount Capital tions Receivable sation Stage Deficit
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Shares issued for
services
March 2006 - $0.75
per share 64,284 63 48,150 - - - - 48,213
Shares issued in
satisfaction of
liabilities and
interest
January 2006 -
$0.65 per share 70,311 70 45,632 - - - - 45,702
Shares issued for
financing fees
January 2006 -
$0.65 per share 65,000 65 42,185 - - - - 42,250
Shares issued for cash
March 2006 - $0.30
per share 242,400 242 72,478 - - - - 72,720
June 2006 - $0.30
per share 33,334 33 9,967 - - - - 10,000
June 2006 - $0.50
per share 500,000 500 249,500 - - - - 250,000
July 2006 - $0.35
per share 28,572 29 9,971 - - - - 10,000
July 2006 - $0.30
per share 66,667 66 19,934 - - - - 20,000
September 2006 -
$0.20 per share 312,500 312 62,188 - - - - 62,500
Compensation relating
to fair value of
stock options - - 466,205 - - - - 466,205
Net loss for period - - - - - - (1,412,231) (1,412,231)
----------- -------- ----------- -------- -------- ---------- ------------- -------------
Balance December 31,
2006 42,675,356 $ 42,672 $17,359,380 $ - $ - $ - $ (19,190,814) $ (1,788,762)
Shares issued for
services
March 2007 -
$0.20 per share 3,000,000 3,000 897,000 - - - - 900,000
Shares issued in
satisfaction of
liabilities and
interest
January 2007 -
$0.35 per share 1,677,700 1,678 684,044 - - - - 685,722
November 2007 -
$0.17 per share 550,000 550 92,950 - - - - 93,500
Shares issued for
financing fees
February 2007 -
$0.35 per share 40,000 40 13,960 - - - - 14,000
Shares issued for
cash
March 2007 -
$0.20 per share 500,000 500 99,501 - - - - 100,001
April 2007 -
$0.15 per share 250,000 250 37,250 - - - - 37,500
June 2007 -
$0.20 per share 500,000 500 99,500 - - - - 100,000
November 2007 -
$0.10 per share 450,000 450 44,550 - - - - 45,000
December 2007 -
$0.10 per share 750,000 750 74,250 - - - - 75,000
Exercise of stock
options
July 2007 -
$0.10 per share 500,000 500 49,500 - - - - 50,000
Shares issued for
compensation
November 2007 2,218,750 2,219 (2,219) -
Compensation relating
to amendment of
stock right 995,775 995,775
Compensation relating
to guarentee of
line of credit 94,774 94,774
Compensation relating
to fair value of
stock options - - 2,062,161 - - - - 2,062,161
Net loss for period - - - - - - (4,832,509) (4,832,509)
----------- -------- ----------- -------- -------- ---------- ------------- -------------
Balance December 31,
2007 53,111,806 $ 53,109 $22,602,376 $ - $ - $ - $ (24,023,323) $ (1,367,838)
=========== ======== =========== ======== ======== ========== ============= =============
See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
F-6
|
TERRA SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
(A Development Stage Company)
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
From Inception
of the
Development
Stage on
For the Year Ended February 17,
December 31, 1996 Through
------------------------- December 31,
2007 2006 2007
------------ ------------ ------------
Cash Flows from Operating Activities:
Net loss $ (4,832,509) $ (1,412,231) $(24,023,323)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss
to net cash used in operating
activities:
Depreciation and amortization 8,531 8,532 803,632
Gain from debt relief - - (64,284)
Loss on sale of investment
securities - - 99,000
(Gain) loss on disposal of assets - - 139,000
Stock compensation 4,054,210 515,120 13,445,679
Write off of stock subscription - - 22,750
Common stock issued for financing
fees 57,500 42,250 529,203
Changes in current assets and
liabilities:
Other current assets (8,503) 4 (13,894)
Accounts payable (40,730) 148,585 928,614
Accounts payable - related party - 75,000 608,330
Accrued liabilities 208,328 (3,931) 1,649,420
Accrued legal settlement expense - - 44,967
Accrued interest payable 80,468 57,888 787,577
------------ ------------ ------------
Net Cash Used in Operating
Activities (472,705) (568,783) (5,043,329)
------------ ------------ ------------
Cash Flows from Investing Activities:
Purchase of equipment - (109,276) (1,003,049)
Advances to related party - - (290,328)
Organization costs paid - - (4,755)
Proceeds from sale of assets - - 367,715
------------ ------------ ------------
Net Cash Used in Investing
Activities - (109,276) (930,417)
------------ ------------ ------------
Cash Flows from Financing Activities:
Proceeds from bank line of credit 43,805 - 43,805
Proceeds from borrowings -
stockholders - 250,000 1,690,111
Payments on borrowings -
stockholders - (130,000) (385,730)
Proceeds from stock issuance and
subscriptions 407,501 425,220 4,841,892
Payments on capital leases - - (185,640)
------------ ------------ ------------
Net Cash Provided by Financing
Activities 451,306 545,220 6,004,438
------------ ------------ ------------
Net Increase (Decrease) in Cash (21,399) (132,839) 30,692
Cash at Beginning of Year 52,091 184,930 -
------------ ------------ ------------
Cash at End of Year $ 30,692 $ 52,091 $ 30,692
============ ============ ============
Supplemental Cash Flow Information:
Cash paid for interest $ - $ 20,000
Non Cash Investing and Financing
Activities:
Conversion of liabilities to
common stock $ 734,222 $ 45,000
Transfer of land to investment in
joint venture $ - $ 392,251
|
See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
F-7
TERRA SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
(A Development Stage Company)
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
NOTE 1 - ORGANIZATION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING
POLICIES
Organization-- Terra Systems, Inc., was incorporated on February 17,
1996, pursuant to the laws of the State of Utah. It is a development-stage
company whose primary business purpose is the development and commercialization
of a pneumatic conveyance system to handle materials in a bulk state in
industrial research and processing.
Xullux, Inc., was incorporated under the laws of the State of Utah on
November 4, 1983, under the name of Bunker Research, Inc. It changed its name to
Diamond Resources, Inc. on May 15, 1984, and changed its name again to Xullux,
Inc., on August 6, 1988. On May 1, 1996, Xullux, Inc., entered into a merger
agreement with Terra Systems, Inc., whereby Terra Systems, Inc., was merged into
a newly-formed subsidiary of Xullux, Inc., called Terra Merger Subsidiary, Inc.
Following the reorganization, Xullux, Inc., changed its name to Terra Systems,
Inc.
In September 2005 the Company acquired the assets of Mountain Island
Energy, LLC., an Idaho-based company (MIE). At the time of the asset
acquisition, MIE was not considered a business and consisted solely of land. The
prior owners of MIE were all shareholders and officers of the Company.
Therefore, the land was valued at the original owners' basis. See Note 8 for
details.
Principles of Consolidation-- The consolidated financial statements
include the accounts of Terra Systems, Inc., and its wholly owned subsidiaries,
Terra Merger Subsidiary, Inc. and Mountain Island Energy, LLC. All inter-company
transactions have been eliminated. The consolidated entities are collectively
referred to herein as the "Company" or "Terra Systems."
Use of Estimates-- The preparation of financial statements in
conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to
make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and
liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of
revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ
from those estimates.
Basis of Presentation-- The accompanying consolidated financial
statements have been prepared on a going concern basis, which contemplates the
realization of assets and the satisfaction of liabilities in the normal course
of business. As shown in the consolidated financial statements for the years
ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, the Company received $149,994 and $45,897 in
revenue, respectively and incurred net losses of $4,832,509 and $1,412,231,
respectively. As of December 31, 2007, the Company had a working capital deficit
of $1,870,217. These factors raise substantial doubt about the Company's ability
to continue as a going concern for a reasonable period of time. The consolidated
financial statements do not include any adjustments relating to the
recoverability and classification of recorded assets or the amount and
classification of liabilities that might be necessary should the Company be
unable to continue as a going concern. The Company's continuation as a going
concern is dependent upon its ability to generate sufficient cash flows to meet
its obligations on a timely basis, to obtain additional financing as may be
required, and ultimately to attain successful operations.
The Company's management is in the process of negotiating various
agreements to perform research on and the development of pneumatic conveyance
systems to handle materials in a bulk state in industrial research and
processing. Management also intends to use capital and debt financing as needed
to supplement the cash flows that potentially could be generated through the
successful negotiation of agreements.
F-8
TERRA SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
(A Development Stage Company)
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Cash and Cash Equivalents-- For purposes of the statement of cash
flows, the Company considers all highly liquid debt instruments maturing in
three months or less to be cash equivalents.
Property and Equipment -- Property and equipment are recorded at cost
and are depreciated using the straight-line method based on the expected useful
lives of the assets that range from five to fifteen years. Depreciation expense
for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, was $8,531 and $8,532,
respectively.
Long-Lived Assets -- The carrying value of long-lived assets is
evaluated periodically when events or circumstances indicate a possible
inability to recover the carrying amounts. An impairment loss is recognized for
the excess of the carrying amount over the fair value of the assets. Fair value
is determined based on estimated discounted net future cash flows or other
valuation techniques available in the circumstances. This analysis involves
significant management judgment to evaluate the capacity of an asset to perform
within projections. Based upon these analyses, no impairment losses were
recognized in the accompanying financial statements.
Financial Instruments -- The estimated fair value of financial
instruments is not presented because, in management's opinion, there is no
material difference between carrying amounts and estimated fair values of the
financial instruments as presented in the accompanying balance sheets. The
carrying amounts reported for notes payable approximate fair value because the
underlying instruments are at interest rates which approximate market rates.
Revenue Recognition -- Revenue is recognized when products are shipped
or when services are performed. The Company's revenues, during 2007, primarily
have come from a consulting agreement with another corporation.
Basic and Diluted Loss Per Share -- Basic loss per common share is
computed by dividing net loss by the weighted-average number of common shares
outstanding during the period. Diluted loss per share is calculated to give
effect to potentially issuable common shares except during loss periods when
those potentially issuable common shares would decrease the loss per share. As
of December 31, 2007 and 2006, there were 15,444,381 and 4,812,867 potentially
issuable common shares, respectively, which were excluded from the calculation
of diluted loss per common share as their effect would have been anti-dilutive,
thereby decreasing the net loss per common share.
Stock Based Compensation -- Effective January 1, 2006, the Company
adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123 (revised 2004) (SFAS
123R), using the modified prospective method. SFAS 123R requires the recognition
of the cost of employee services received in exchange for an award of equity
instruments in the financial statements and is measured based on the grant date
fair value of the award. SFAS 123R also requires the stock option compensation
expense to be recognized over the period during which an employee is required to
provide service in exchange for the award (the vesting period). See Note 7 for
details.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements -- In September 2006, the Financial
Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued SFAS No. 157, Fair Value Measurements,
which defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value in
generally accepted accounting principles and expands disclosures about fair
value measurements. SFAS No. 157 is effective for fiscal years beginning after
November 15, 2007, and interim periods within those fiscal years. In February
2008, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position No 157-2 which extended the effective
date for certain nonfinancial assets and nonfinancial liabilities to fiscal
years beginning after November 15, 2008. The Company does not expect the
F-9
TERRA SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
(A Development Stage Company)
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
adoption of SFAS No. 157 to have a material impact on our consolidated financial
statements. In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, The Fair Value
Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities. SFAS No. 159 permits
companies to choose to measure many financial instruments and certain other
items at fair value. SFAS No. 159 is effective for financial statements issued
for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007. The Company does not expect
the adoption of SFAS No. 159 to have a material impact on our consolidated
financial statements.
In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141 (R), Business
Combinations, and SFAS No. 160, Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated
Financial Statements. SFAS No. 141 (R) requires an acquirer to measure the
identifiable assets acquired, the liabilities assumed and any non-controlling
interest in the acquire at their fair values on the acquisition date, with
goodwill being the excess value over the net identifiable assets acquired. SFAS
No. 160 clarifies that a non-controlling interest in a subsidiary should be
reported as equity in the consolidated financial statements, consolidated net
income shall be adjusted to include the net income attributed to the
non-controlling interest and consolidated comprehensive income shall be adjusted
to include the comprehensive income attributed to the non-controlling interest.
The calculation of earnings per share will continue to be based on income
amounts attributable to the parent. SFAS No. 141 (R) and SFAS No. 160 are
effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after
December 15, 2008. Early adoption is prohibited. The Company has not yet
determined the effect on our consolidated financial statements, if any, upon
adoption of SFAS No. 141 (R) or SFAS No. 160.
NOTE 2 - RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
Certain officers and shareholders of the Company have from time to time
advanced operating capital and settled operating expenses on behalf of the
Company. As of December 31, 2007 and 2006, the Company received advances of zero
and $115,000, respectively, and made payments in satisfaction of its obligations
worth $92,203 and $40,000, respectively, resulting in payables to related
parties of $105,242 and $197,445, respectively. All amounts are due on demand
and bear no interest.
As further discussed in Note 5, the Company has notes payable to
shareholders and officers. The Company did not receive proceeds from these
individuals during 2007. During the year ended December 31, 2007 and 2006 the
Company made payments of $165,874 and $130,000, respectively. As of December 31,
2007 and 2006, the amounts due were $804,680 and $970,554, respectively.
During the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, the Company accrued
interest on the notes of $80,468, and $77,888, respectively. During the year
ended December 31, 2007, the Company made interest payments totaling $162,645
through the issuance of common stock. During the year ended December 31, 2006,
the Company made a cash payment of $20,000 related to this accrued interest. As
of December 31, 2007 and 2006, the accrued interest due was $243,956 and
$326,133, respectively.
NOTE 3 - OPERATING LEASE OBLIGATION
In September 2005, the Company entered into a lease agreement to rent
2,328 square feet of office space for a period of three years. During the years
ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, the Company incurred rent expense of $32,685
and $32,131 respectively. Minimum payments for the remaining term of the lease
are $22,208 for 2008.
F-10
TERRA SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
(A Development Stage Company)
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
NOTE 4 - LINE OF CREDIT
The Company entered into a $500,000 line of credit with US Bank N.A. (the
"Bank") on November 1, 2007. The line of credit is guaranteed by two directors
(the "Guarantors"). As consideration for guaranteeing the line of credit, the
Company issued 531,514 warrants to the Guarantors. The warrants vest immediately
and expire in November 2017. The fair value of the warrants was $94,774 and
charged to general and administrative expense. The fair value was computed using
the Black-Scholes pricing model using the following assumptions: estimated
volatility of 160%, estimated risk-free rate of 4.23%, an estimated yield of 0%
and an estimated life of 10 years. The Guarantors are also indemnified by each
of the other Directors and officers of the Company serving on the Board of
Directors.
Draws under the line of credit must be approved by Mr. Roeder, one of the
guarantors, before being eligible for funding by the Bank. The line of credit
bears interest at Bank prime plus 50 basis points and expires on April 30, 2009.
The credit agreement includes a limitation on other indebtedness and guaranties.
As of December 31, 2007, the Company had drawn $43,805 on the line of credit.
NOTE 5 - NOTES PAYABLE TO STOCKHOLDERS
Notes payable to stockholders are as follows:
December 31,
2007 2006
Notes payable to stockholders, interest
rate at 10% per annum payable monthly,
notes are currently due $253,135 $369,009
Notes payable to stockholders, no
stated interest; settled November
2007 through the issuance of stock - 50,000
Note payable to stockholder, interest
rate at 10% per annum payable monthly,
amounts are due on demand 300,000 300,000
Note payable to stockholder; interest
rate at 10% per annum payable monthly,
100,000 shares of common stock valued
at $93,000 are accrued and to be issued
as additional interest,note is due on
demand 250,000 250,000
Notes payable to stockholders for
redemption of stock interest is 10% per
annum payable monthly, due on demand 1,545 1,545
-------- --------
Notes Payable to Stockholders $804,680 $970,554
======== ========
|
NOTE 6 - STOCKHOLDERS' DEFICIT
Common Stock Issued for Cash -- During 2007, the Company issued
1,575,000 shares of common stock and 1,900,000 warrants to purchase common stock
with exercise prices ranging from $0.50 to $1.00 per share for proceeds of
$195,000. 100,000 warrants vested immediately and expire in July 2008; 1,200,000
warrants vest in May 2008 and expire in November 2008; 600,000 warrants vest in
November 2008 and expire in November 2009. The proceeds were allocated $152,191
to common stock and $42,809 to the warrants, based on their relative fair values
F-11
TERRA SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
(A Development Stage Company)
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
on the date of issuance. The fair value of the warrants was determined by the
Black-Scholes option pricing model using the following assumptions: estimated
volatility of 115%, estimated risk-free interest rate of 3.23%, estimated yield
of 0% and an estimated life of 1.31 years.
During 2007, the Company also issued 875,000 shares of common stock for
proceeds of $162,501 or at prices ranging from $0.15 to $0.20 per share and
500,000 shares of common stock for proceeds of $50,000 to an individual who
exercised options to purchase common stock, at an exercise price of $0.10 per
share.
During 2006, the Company issued 775,734 shares of common stock and
812,867 warrants to purchase common stock with exercise prices ranging from
$0.30 to $1.25 per share for proceeds of $332,720. The warrants vest immediately
with 137,867 warrants expiring in March 2008 and 675,000 warrants expiring in
May 2009. The proceeds were allocated $160,817 to common stock and $171,903, to
the warrants, based on their relative fair values on the date of issuance. The
fair value of the warrants was $356,924 determined by the Black-Scholes option
pricing model using the following assumptions: estimated volatility of 110.80%
estimated risk-free interest rate of 5.17% estimated yield of 0% and life of
2.83 years. During the year ended December 31, 2006 the Company also issued
312,500 shares of common stock at a price of $0.20 per share for proceeds of
$62,500.
Also during 2006, the Company issued 95,239 shares of common stock for
proceeds of $30,000 or at prices ranging from $0.30 to $0.35 per share.
Common Stock Issued for Services -- During the years ended December 31,
2007 and 2006, the Company issued 3,000,000 and 64,284 shares, respectively, of
common stock for consulting services. The common stock was valued at prices
ranging from $0.30 to $0.95 per share. For the years ended December 31, 2007 and
2006, the Company charged $901,500 and $48,213 of consulting expense to
operations, respectively. The shares were valued based on the fair value of the
Company's common stock on the date of issuance.
Common Stock Issued for Satisfaction of Debt -- During the year ended
December 31, 2007 the Company issued 90,000 shares of common stock at a price of
$0.33 per share for satisfaction of accounts payable of $30,000; 1,587,700
shares of common stock, at a price of $0.41 per share, for satisfaction of
accounts payable of $28,500, related party payable of $92,203, accrued wages of
$255,000, accrued interest of $162,645 and a note payable to stockholder of
$115,874; 550,000 shares of common stock, at a price of $0.17 per share, for
satisfaction of a note payable to stock holder of $50,000 and interest expense
of $43,500. During the year ending December 31, 2006 the Company issued 70,311
of common stock for satisfaction of its obligations. The common stock was valued
at prices ranging from $0.30 to $0.85 per share. For the year ended December 31,
2006, the Company settled accounts payable of $45,702.
Common Stock Issued for Financing Fees -- During the years ended
December 31, 2007 and 2006, the Company issued 40,000 and 65,000 shares,
respectively, of common stock for financing fees incurred during the period. The
common stock was valued at prices ranging from $0.35 to $0.75 per share. For the
years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, the Company charged the $14,000 and
$42,250 of finance fee to interest expense.
Common Stock Issued for Settlement of Stock Purchase Rights -- On
September 11, 2006, the Company executed a stock purchase agreement with an
individual. The original agreement gave the individual the right to purchase up
to five million shares of common stock at a price of $0.20 per share anytime
during the twelve-month period ending September 11, 2007. For an additional six
F-12
TERRA SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
(A Development Stage Company)
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
months the purchase price would be 50% of the closing market price averaged over
the five trading days prior to such purchase. From September 2006 through March
2007, under the agreement, 562,500 shares were purchased for cash proceeds of
$112,500 and are included in the discussion of shares issued for cash above. In
March 2007 the stock purchase agreement was amended allowing the purchase price
could be paid either in cash or under a cashless exercise feature. The company
determined that the amendment triggered a compensatory event and the remaining
4,437,500 rights should be valued at their then fair value and considered
compensation. The fair value of the remaining rights was $995,775 determined
using the Black-Scholes option pricing model using the following assumptions:
estimated volatility of 116.74%, estimated risk-free interest rate of 4.9%,
estimated yield of 0% and an expected life of 1 year.
In November 21, 2007 the individual submitted a net issue election notice and
the Company issued the individual 2,218,750 shares of common stock for the
exercise of the remaining 4,437,500 stock rights under the cashless exercise
feature.
NOTE 7 - STOCK OPTIONS AND STOCK WARRANTS
STOCK OPTIONS
Effective January 1, 2006, the Company adopted Statement of Financial
Accounting Standards No. 123 (revised 2004) (SFAS 123R), using the modified
prospective method. SFAS 123R requires the recognition of the cost of employee
services received in exchange for an award of equity instruments in the
financial statements and is measured based on the grant date fair value of the
award. SFAS 123R also requires the stock option compensation expense to be
recognized over the period during which an employee is required to provide
service in exchange for the award (the vesting period). Prior to adopting SFAS
123R, the Company accounted for stock-based compensation plans under Accounting
Principles Board Opinion ("APB") No. 25, "Accounting for Stock Issued to
Employees" ("APB 25"). Under APB 25, generally no compensation expense is
recorded when the terms of the award are fixed and the exercise price of the
employee stock option equals or exceeds the fair value of the underlying stock
on the date of grant. The Company had adopted the disclosure-only provision of
SFAS No. 123, "Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation" ("SFAS 123").
For the year ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, the Company calculated
compensation expense of $3,152,710 and $453,605 related to stock options which
will be recognized over the vesting period. The overall effect of adopting SFAS
123R was an increase of net loss by $176,500 or $0.00 per share and $218,954 or
$0.01 per share, during 2007 and 2006 respectively.
For options granted subsequent to the adoption date of SFAS 123R on
January 1, 2006, the fair value of each stock option grant will be estimated on
the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. During the year
ended December 31, 2007, the Company granted 10,000,000 stock options. The
weighted average fair value of stock options at the date of grant during the
year ended December 31, 2007, was $0.27 per share. The Company had no stock
option grants during the year ended December 31, 2006.
F-13
TERRA SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
(A Development Stage Company)
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
A summary of stock option activity for the year ended December 31, 2007, is
presented below:
Weighted
Weighted Average
Shares Average Remaining Aggregate
Under Exercise Contractual Intrinsic
Option Price Life Value
---------- -------- ----------- ---------
Outstanding at
December 31, 2005 4,500,000 $ 0.20
Granted -
Exercised -
Forfeited -
Expired (500,000) $ 0.10
----------
Outstanding at
December 31, 2006 4,000,000 $ 0.21
Granted 10,000,000 0.31
Exercised (500,000) 0.10
Forfeited -
Expired (1,000,000) $ 0.10
----------
Outstanding at
December 31, 2007 12,500,000 $ 0.30 7.4 years $ 45,000
==========
Exercisable at
December 31, 2007 4,690,478 $ 0.26 6.3 years $ 45,000
==========
Exercisable at
December 31, 2006 2,628,572 $ 0.12
==========
|
The expected life of stock options represents the period of time that
the stock options granted are expected to be outstanding based on historical
exercise trends. The expected volatility is based on the historical price
volatility of our common stock. The risk-free interest rate represents the U.S.
Treasury bill rate for the expected life of the related stock options. The
dividend yield represents our anticipated cash dividend over the expected life
of the stock options.
The following are the weighted-average assumptions used for options
granted during the year ended December 31, 2007 and 2006:
2007 2006
---------------- ---------------
Risk free interest rate 4.57% N/A
Expected life 7 years N/A
Dividend yield - N/A
Volatility 157.13% N/A
|
As of December 31, 2007, there was approximately $1,314,914 of
unrecognized compensation cost related to stock options that will be recognized
over a weighted average period of 1.62 years.
In May 2006, the Company changed the expiration date on 1,500,000
options from July 2006 to July 2007. Using the Black-Scholes option pricing
model and a risk free interest rate of 4.99%, volatility of 114.74% and an
expected life of 1 year, it was determined that an additional expense of $12,600
was incurred.
F-14
TERRA SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
(A Development Stage Company)
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Stock Warrants
A summary of stock warrants at December 31, 2007 is presented below;
Weighted
Weighted Average
Shares Average Remaining
Under Exercise Contractual
Warrants Price Life
---------- -------- -----------
Outstanding at
December 31, 2005 - $ -
Granted 812,867 $ 0.78
Exercised -
Expired -
----------
Outstanding at
December 31, 2006 812,867 $ 0.78
Granted 2,431,541 0.56
Exercised -
Expired -
----------
Outstanding at
December 31, 2007 3,244,381 $ 0.61 2.63 years
==========
Exercisable at
December 31, 2007 1,444,381 $ 0.54 4.35 years
==========
Exercisable at
December 31, 2006 812,867 $ 0.78
==========
|
NOTE 8 - INVESTMENT IN JOINT VENTURES
On June 29, 2006 the Company entered into a joint venture agreement
with United Fund Advisors, L.L.C. (UFA) of Portland Oregon, an entity in which
Reynold Roeder, a director of the Company has a 25% interest and serves as its
CEO. Under the agreement, a new entity, Mountain Island Energy Holdings, L.L.C.
(MIEH) was formed. MIEH was formed for the purpose of applying to the US
Department of the Treasury and US Department of Energy for an award of federal
advanced clean coal project tax credits under Section 48A of the Internal
Revenue Code. UFA and the Company each own 50% of MIEH. Under the agreement,
Reynold Roeder of UFA and Mitchell J. Hart of the Company serve as managing
directors of MIEH. Under the MIEH operating agreement, UFA was required to make
capital cash contributions to MIEH totaling $1,000 along with agreed upon
services. During the year ended December 31, 2006, UFA contributed $31,000 in
cash, and services valued at $170,000. The Company, in accordance with the
operating agreement, contributed land and certain professional service work
related to the development of the land. During the year ended December 31, 2006,
the Company contributed land and development costs valued at $392,251. MIEH had
no substantial operations for the year ended December 31, 2007. The Company
accounts for this joint venture interest under the equity method of accounting.
MIEH was unsuccessful in obtaining a Section 48A of the Internal Revenue Code
award, but has been pursuing opportunities to develop or liquidate the land.
MIEH and UFA also formed Sage Island Energy, LLC, a Delaware limited
liability company. Sage Island Energy was formed to respond to the Wyoming
Infrastructure Authority Request for Proposal, which sought to establish a
public-private partnership to develop a "clean coal" demonstration project (or
F-15
TERRA SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
(A Development Stage Company)
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
projects). Sage Island Energy was not selected for the project. Sage Island
Energy had no substantial operations for the year ended December 31, 2007
NOTE 9 - INCOME TAXES
There was no benefit or provision for income taxes during 2007 and
2006. The Company also did not pay any income taxes during the years ended
December 31, 2007 and 2006. The following presents the components of the net
deferred tax asset as of December 31, 2007 and 2006:
December 31,
-----------------------------
2007 2006
----------- -----------
Tax loss carry forward $ 6,184,645 $ 5,551,762
Stock based compensation 1,210,049 445,562
Asset bases differences 386,646 386,646
Accrued and deferred compensation 105,625 116,815
Other accruals 24,785 15,444
----------- -----------
Total Deferred Tax Assets 7,911,750 6,516,229
) Less: valuation allowance (7,911,750) (6,516,229)
----------- -----------
Net Deferred Tax Asset $ - $ -
=========== ===========
|
The Company has net operating loss carry forward of approximately $16,600,000
which expire from 2011 through 2027.
The following is a reconciliation of the amount of tax that would be
result from applying the federal rate to pretax income with provision for income
taxes for the years ending December 31, 2007 and 2006:
For the Years Ended
December 31,
---------------------------
2007 2006
----------- -----------
Benefit at US federal statutory rate (34%) $(1,643,053) $ (480,159)
Non deductible items 407,274 -
Deferred tax asset valuation change 1,395,521 526,762
State benefit, net of federal effect (159,742) (46,603)
----------- -----------
Benefit from Income Taxes $ - $ -
=========== ===========
|
NOTE 10 - SIGNIFICANT FOURTH QUARTER ADJUSTMENT
As mentioned in Note 6, the Company amended a stock right agreement for the
issuance of 4,437,500 common shares in March 2007 to include a cashless feature.
The Company initially accounted for the amendment as a financing transaction and
reported no accounting effect. As part of the year end procedures, it was
F-16
TERRA SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
(A Development Stage Company)
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
concluded that this amendment was not a financing transaction and was, in
effect, an issuance of a compensation based stock warrant. The fair value of the
warrant, using March 2007 assumptions, was $995,775 determined by the
Black-Scholes option pricing model using the following assumptions; estimated
volatility 116.74% estimated risk-free interest rate of 4.9% estimated yield of
0% and a life of 1 year. The restatement adjustments to the Company's
consolidated balance sheets (there was no effect to assets or liabilities) and
statements of operations for the interim periods ended March 31, 2007, June 30,
2007 and September 30, 2007 are summarized below. Restated statements of cash
flows for the interim periods have not been presented. The restatement
adjustment had no effect on previously reported total cash flows from operating,
investing and financing activities:
Three Months Ended March 31, 2007
(Unaudited)
As Previously Restatement
Reported Adjustment As Restated
------------ ------------ ------------
Balance Sheet -
Stockholders' Deficit
Additional paid-in
capital $ 19,130,386 $ 995,775 $ 20,126,161
Deficit accumulated
during the
development stage (20,233,155) (995,775) (21,228,930)
Total stockholders'
deficit $ (1,054,839) $ - $ (1,054,839)
Statement of Operations
General and
administrative $ 1,022,261 $ 995,775 $ 2,018,036
Operating expenses 1,024,394 995,775 2,020,169
Loss from operations (1,008,184) (995,775) (2,003,959)
Net loss (1,042,301) (995,775) (2,038,076)
Basic and diluted
loss per share $ (0.02) $ (0.02) $ (0.04)
Six Months Ended June 30, 2007
(Unaudited)
As Previously Restatement
Reported Adjustment As Restated
------------ ------------ ------------
Stockholders' Deficit
Additional paid-in
capital $ 20,469,743 $ 995,775 $ 21,465,518
Deficit accumulated
during the
development stage (21,709,887) (995,775) (22,705,662)
Total stockholders'
deficit $ (1,191,504) $ - $ (1,191,504)
Statement of Operations
General and
administrative $ 2,507,071 995,775 $ 3,502,846
Operating expenses 2,511,337 995,775 3,507,112
Loss from operations (2,464,489) (995,775) (3,460,264)
Net loss (2,519,073) (995,775) (3,514,848)
Basic and diluted
loss per share $ (0.05) $ (0.02) $ (0.07)
|
F-17
TERRA SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
(A Development Stage Company)
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2007
(Unaudited)
As Previously Restatement
Reported Adjustment As Restated
------------ ------------ ------------
Stockholders' Deficit
Additional paid-in
capital $ 20,910,769 $ 995,775 $ 21,906,544
Deficit accumulated
during the
development stage (22,308,443) (995,775) (23,304,218)
Total stockholders'
deficit $ (1,348,534) $ - $ (1,348,534)
Statement of Operations
General and
administrative $ 3,082,426 995,775 $ 4,078,201
Operating expenses 3,088,824 995,775 4,084,599
Loss from operations (3,044,197) (995,775) (4,039,972)
Net loss (3,117,629) (995,775) (4,113,404)
Basic and diluted
loss per share $ (0.07) $ (0.02) $ (0.09)
|
NOTE 11 - SUBSEQUENT EVENTS (UNAUDITED)
On February 28, 2008, the Company issued 125,000 shares of common stock
for proceeds of $12,500 or $0.10 per share. The shares were issued in privately
negotiated transactions.
F-18
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