ITEM 3:
Key Information
B. |
Capitalization and Indebtedness |
Not applicable.
C. |
Reasons for the Offer and Use of Proceeds |
Not applicable.
Our business faces significant risks and uncertainties. You should carefully consider
all the information set forth in this annual report and in our other filings with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission
(the “SEC”). Our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially
and adversely affected by any of these risks. In that event, the trading price of our ordinary shares would likely decline, and you might
lose all or part of your investment. This report also contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Our results
could materially differ from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements, as a result of certain factors including the risks
described below and elsewhere in this report and our other SEC filings. See also “Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements
and Risk Factor Summary” on page iv of this annual report.
Risks Related to our Business
Economic and External
Risks
Adverse global conditions, including macroeconomic
slowdowns or even recessions and the geopolitical instability, may negatively impact our financial results.
Global conditions, dislocations in the financial markets, inflation and increasing
interest rates could adversely impact our business. The global macroeconomic environment has been and may continue to be negatively affected
by, among other things, instability in global economic markets, increased trade tariffs and trade disputes, instability in the global
credit markets, interest rates or even availability of credit, supply chain weaknesses, instability in the geopolitical environment as
a result of the Russian Ukraine conflict, the withdrawal of the United Kingdom from the European Union, and other political tensions,
and foreign governmental debt concerns. Such challenges have caused, and may continue to cause, uncertainty and instability in local economies
and in global financial markets, which may adversely affect our business. These economic condirions resulted, during 2022, in increased
material prices and shipping costs which negatvily impacted our business.
Additionally, economic downturns and geopolitical challenges in regions of the world
that are critical to our operations have in the past and could in the future cause supply chain and other disruptions that impact our
business. For example, Russia’s and Ukraine’s conflict, and the possibility of retaliatory measures taken by the U.S. and
NATO have created global security concerns that could have a lasting adverse impact on regional and global economies. Although we do not
have operations in Ukraine or Russia, we have in the past sold product to local distributers, an activity that may be halted for various
some of our suppliers, including an important raw material used in our Porcelain production is based in Ukraine and has ceased its operations.
Procuring alternatives and amending production may be costly and may not be possible in a timely fashion, which could disrupt our production
and have an adverse impact on our business’s results of operations, financial condition and profitability.
Downturns in the home renovation and remodeling
and new residential construction sectors or the economy generally and a lack of availability of consumer credit could materially and adversely
impact end-consumers and lower demand for our products, which could cause our revenues and net income to decrease.
Our products are primarily used as countertops in residential kitchens. As a result,
our sales depend significantly on home renovation and remodeling spending, as well as new residential construction spending, primarily
in the United States, Australia (unless stated otherwise, reference to Australia in this report includes Australia and New Zealand), Canada
and Israel. We estimate (supported also by the Freedonia Report), that approximately 60%-70% of our revenue in our main markets (U.S.,
Australia, Canada) is related to residential renovations and remodeling activities, while 30%-40% is related to new construction.
Recent period of economic downturn, high inflation and increase interest rates have
a major effect on the housing markets that may lead to oversupply of both new and resale home inventory, an increase in foreclosures,
and reduced levels of consumer demand for new homes and as a result reduced levels of construction. During such periods, consumer confidence
is eroded and people and business may choose to reduce their discretionary spending and, as a result, delay or cancel their home renovation
or remodeling projects.
As many of our customers are homebuyers or homeowners who depend on financing for
their home purchases, construction and renovation projects through loans or lenders that provide mortgage financing. Downturns in the
housing market and/or the economy generally could limit the availability of consumer credit. Recent interest hikes in the U.S. and around
the world, have and may further increased the cost of financing for consumers who in turn limit their renovation and remodeling expenditures
or home purchases. Current slowdown in the housing market impacted the demand for our product, and in combination with increases
in prices of raw materials these factors have eroded our margins. The Copmany reduced its workforce by approximately 9% during 2022
and increased prices as a response. Additionally we amended (reduced) its production, however lower utiniliztion increased cost per manufactured
unit due to the nature of our expenses which are partially fixed in nature . If this trends percisist it may materially and adversely
affect our ability to grow or sustain our business, our revenues and net income. See also “—The COVID-19 pandemic could further
impact end-consumers and the global economy in general, lower demand for our products, disrupt our operations and materially and adversely
affect our business and results of operations” and “—Disturbances to our operations or the operations of our suppliers,
distributors, customers, consumers or other third parties could materially adversely affect our business.”
We may need to raise funds to finance our current
and future capital needs, which may dilute the value of our outstanding ordinary shares, increase our financial expenses or limit our
business activities
While we currently have two short-term revolving credit lines of an aggregate $60 million, out of which
$21.2 million used as of December 31, 2022, we may need to raise additional funds to finance our existing and future capital needs, including
to fund ongoing working capital requirements. If we raise additional funds through the sale of equity securities, these transactions may
dilute the value of our outstanding ordinary shares. Any debt financing would increase our level of indebtedness and could negatively
affect our liquidity and restrict our operations and may also prove expensive in light of the increasing interest rates. We may be unable
to raise additional funds on terms favorable to us or at all. If financing is not available or is not available on acceptable terms, we
may be unable to fund our future needs. This may prevent us from increasing our market share, capitalizing on new business opportunities
or remaining competitive in our industry, which could materially and adversely affect our business, prospects, financial condition and
results of operations.
Our results of operations may be materially
and adversely affected by fluctuations in currency exchange rates, and we may not have adequately hedged against them
We conduct business in multiple countries, which exposes us to risks associated with
fluctuations in currency exchange rates between the U.S. dollar (our functional currency) and other currencies in which we conduct business.
In 2022, 52.4% of our revenues were denominated in U.S. dollars, 16.8% in Australian dollars, 13.5% in Canadian dollars, 5.7% in Euros
and 5.2% in NIS and a smaller portion in other currencies. In 2022, the majority of our expenses were denominated in U.S. dollars, NIS
and Euros, and a smaller proportion in Canadian and Australian dollars and other currencies. As a result, the weakening of the Australian
and Canadian dollars and strengthening of the NIS and, to a lesser extent, strengthening of the Euro against the U.S. dollar during fiscal
year 2022 has presented and may continue to present a significant risk to us and may materially impact our business. For example, the
NIS appreciated 6.4% and devaluated 3.8% against the U.S. dollar during 2021 and 2022, respectively, and resulted in finance expenses
of approximately $7.5 million and an income of approximately $13 million in such years. See “ITEM 11: Quantitative and Qualitative
Disclosures About Market Risk” for the impact of currencies fluctuation on our operating income. We translate sales and other results
denominated in foreign currency into U.S. dollars for our financial statements; therefore, during periods of a strengthening dollar, our
reported international sales and earnings could be reduced because foreign currencies may translate into fewer U.S. dollars.
In addition, we currently engage in derivatives transactions, such as forward and option contracts,
to hedge against the risks associated with our foreign currency exposure. Our strategy to hedge our cash flow exposures involves consistent
hedging of exchange rate risk in variable ratios up to 100% of the exposure over rolling 12 months. As of December 31, 2022, our average
hedging ratio was approximately 13% out of our expected currencies exposure for 2022. Moreover, our currency derivatives, except for our
U.S. dollar/NIS forward contracts, are currently designated as hedging accounting instruments under Accounting Standards Codification
(“ASC”) 815, Derivatives and Hedging. Hedging results are charged to finance expenses,
net, and therefore, do not offset the impact of currency fluctuations on our operating income. Our U.S. dollar/NIS forward contracts are
charged to operating expenses as designated hedge instruments, partially offsetting the impact of the U.S. dollar/NIS currency fluctuations
on our operating income (loss). While we may decide to enter into additional hedging transactions in the future, the availability and
effectiveness of these transactions may be limited and we may not be able to successfully hedge our exposure, which could adversely affect
our financial condition and results of operations. See “ITEM 11: Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.”
If we are unable to pass rising costs to our
customers, it could have a material adverse effect on our business.
The prices of our raw materials and energy related costs have in the past and may
in the future experience volatility that could materially impact our business and financial results. For example during fiscal year 2022,
overall inflation, and specifically energy prices have increased the cost of some of our raw materials and transportation, as we acquire
raw materials from suppliers that are located outside of the regions where we manufacture. Therefore our baseline shipping and import
costs are often higher than those of our competitors and are also dependent on shipping availability and cost. While we are attempting
to pass on such increases costs to our customers, our ability to do so depends on many factors including competition in our markets. If
we are unable to mitigate the increase in these costs, particularly raw material and shipping, our financial condition and results of
operations could be materially and adversely affected. Slowdown in our markets may result in decreased demand for the Company’s
products and limit our ability to raise prices.
The COVID-19 pandemic could further impact
end-consumers and the global economy in general, lower demand for our products, disrupt our operations and materially and adversely affect
our business and financial results.
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in a widespread public health crisis
and governmental authorities have implemented numerous measures attempting to contain and mitigate the effects of the virus. The COVID-19
pandemic has increased market uncertainty and volatility, led to travel and other restrictions, including individual quarantines, and
significantly affected consumer and businesses behaviors. These dramatic large-scale events continued to influence some of our operations,
primarily in China, ranging from our ability to efficiently source materials and products.
Future outbreaks of a pandemic leading to additional restrictions and regulations
may further challenge our ability to conduct our operations and, as a result, may materially and adversely affect our financial results.
For example, in Morbi, India, where our subsidiary Lioli is located, the prevalence of the COVID-19 disease and death rates were relatively
high during 2021 and caused some disruptions to our operations. Additionally, our ability to procure raw materials or products in
SEA, and effectively control various aspects of ther products, for example: their quality, remained inpaired during 2022.
If we are unable to compete with lower-priced
products and pass increase costs to our customers, our market share may decrease, and our financial results may be adversely and materially
impacted.
We have invested considerable resources to position our quartz surface products as premium branded products.
Due to our products’ high quality and positioning, we generally set our prices—especially for our differentiated products—at
a higher level than alternate surfaces and quartz surfaces provided by other manufacturers. Manufacturers located in the Asia-Pacific
region (predominantly China) and certain parts of Europe can produce quartz surface products at a lower cost, including quartz surface
products which imitate our products and designs. Many of these manufacturers are able to reduce their production costs by purchasing their
raw materials in the same or nearby regions where they produce their goods. Further penetration of these products into our market may
further reduce our market share, limit our ability to increase prices and have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and
results of operations.
Global trade is affected by governmental involvement
including through antidumping and countervailing duties and these may cause unforeseeable market changes that could adversely impact our
financial results
Antidumping and countervailing duty orders are designed to provide relief from imports
sold at unfairly low or subsidized prices by imposing special duties on such imports. Such orders normally benefit domestic suppliers
in the country in which the duty orders are in place and foreign suppliers not covered by the orders. During 2018 and 2019, antidumping
and countervailing duty (“AD/CVD”) petitions were filed with the U.S. Department of
Commerce (“DOC”) and the International Trade Commission (“ITC”).
The petitions, which were filed by a U.S. quartz manufacturer, alleged that Chinese, and subsequently Indian and Turkish manufacturers
injured the U.S. domestic quartz industry and therefore duties were required to offset such unfair trade practices. Ultimately, the DOC
and ITC imposed AD/CVD duties ranging approximately between 265% and 340% for Chinese, and between 3.81% and 80.79% for Indian and Turkish
manufacturers.
The imposition of AD/CVD orders have driven some of the affected manufacturers to
direct their products into other markets in which we operate (including markets in which we hold a higher market share than in the U.S.,
such as Australia) thereby adversely impacting our operations and financial results. Finally, any duties and tariffs imposed by
the U.S. or other regulators may not succeed in remediation of any impact caused by the relevant imports. Chinese, Indian and Turkish
exporters may shift their focus to other, competing materials, to circumvent the duties. As a result, our non-U.S. markets have faced
increased competitive pressures. Changes in the AD/CVD tariffs may increase uncertainty and our financial results may be adversely and
materially impacted.
On October 29, 2021 the European Ceramic Tile Manufacturers' Federation, filed a complaint
to the European Commission (“Commission”) in which it requested that the Commission
initiate an anti-dumping investigation concerning imports to the EU of ceramic tiles originating in India and Turkey between July 2020
and June 2021. On October 28, 2022 the Commission published its decision on the matter imposing varying tariffs rates on Indian and Turkish
producers; with a tariff of 7.9% applicable to the products we produce at our Indian facility.
The current antidumping and countervailing duty orders may not remain in effect the
products and countries currently covered by orders may no longer be covered, and duties may not continue to be assessed at the same rates.
For example, in the United States, rates of duty can change as a result of “administrative reviews” of antidumping and countervailing
duty orders. These orders can also be revoked as a result of periodic “sunset reviews,” which determine whether the orders
will continue to apply to imports from particular countries. Antidumping and countervailing duties in the European Union and Canada are
also subject to periodic reviews. In the European Union and in Canada, such reviews can include interim reviews, expiry reviews and other
types of proceedings that may result in changes in rates of duty or termination of the duties.
Operational Risks
Changes in the prices of our raw materials
have increased our costs and decreased our margins and net income in the past and may increase our costs and decrease our margins in the
future
The principal raw materials used for our products are polyester and quartz. In 2022, raw materials used
in manufacturing processes accounted for approximately 31.8% of our cost of goods sold. The cost of raw materials consists of the purchase
prices of such materials and costs related to the logistics of delivering the materials to our manufacturing facilities. The raw materials
we use for our products are subject to price volatility caused by weather, supply conditions, government regulations, economic and political
climate, labor costs, and other unpredictable factors. Our raw materials costs are also impacted by changes in foreign currency exchange
rates, mainly the Euro as it relates to polyester and other raw materials purchased from Europe. Any increase in raw material prices increases
our cost of sales and can decrease our margins and net income (loss). Furthermore, we may face market conditions that will make it impossible
to pass all or some of the increased costs to our customers. If we are unable to recover these costs it may have a material adverse effect
on our financial results. For cost of our raw materials in 2022 and prior years, see “ITEM 5.A: Operating Results and Financial
Review and Prospects—Operating Results—Cost of revenues and gross profit margin.”
Quartz, which includes quartz, quartzite and other dry minerals and
engineered materials containing high levels of silica (together referred to in this annual report as “quartz” unless otherwise
specifically stated), is the main raw material component used in our engineered quartz products. Quartz accounted for approximately 36.8%
of our raw materials cost in 2022. Our cost of sales and overall results of operations may be impacted significantly by fluctuations in
quartz prices. For example, if the cost of quartz at our plants had risen by 10% in 2022, we would have experienced a decrease of approximately
0.8% in our gross profit margin for our manufactured products in such year. In 2022, our average cost of quartz increased by 17.9%, following
an increase of 12% during 2021. Any future increases in quartz prices could also materially and adversely impact our margins and net income.
Polyester, which acts as a binding agent in our products, accounted for approximately
36.2% of our raw materials costs in 2022. Accordingly, our cost of sales and overall results of operations may be impacted significantly
by fluctuations in polyester prices. For example, if the cost of polyester had risen by 10% in 2022, we would have experienced a decrease
of approximately 0.8% in our gross profit margin of our manufactured products in such year. The cost of polyester we incur is a function
of, among other things, manufacturing capacity, demand and the price of crude oil and more specifically benzene. Our cost of polyester
fluctuated significantly over the years. In 2022, our average polyester cost increased by approximately 23%. We acquire polyester on an
annual framework basis, or a purchase order basis based on our projected needs for the subsequent one to three months. Going forward,
we may experience pressure from our polyester suppliers to increase prices even during a period covered by purchase orders.
Since 2020, we have been using a dynamic hedging strategy to reduce our exposure to changes in the polyester
prices. This strategy involves hedging certain components of our polyester formula in variable ratios of the exposure over rolling 12
months. Therefore, future fluctuations in polyester prices which we have not adequately hedged could materially and adversely affect our
profitability. Moreover, our polyester contract derivatives are currently not designated as hedging accounting instruments under Accounting
Standards Codification (“ASC”) 815, Derivatives and Hedging. Hedging results are charged
to finance expenses, net, and therefore, do not offset the impact of polyester prices on our operating income (loss).
Pigments are also used to manufacture our products. Although pigments account for a significantly lower
percentage of our raw material costs than polyester, we encountered in the past and may experience in the future fluctuations in pigment
prices. For example, the cost of titanium dioxide, our principal white pigmentation agent, increased by approximately 16.4% and 10.5%
in 2021 and 2022, respectively. Such prices fluctuations may also have a materially adverse impact on our margins and net income (loss).
As a result of recent global economic conditions (as discussed in the risk factor entitled “Adverse
global conditions, including macroeconomic and geopolitical uncertainty, may negatively impact our financial results”), the
prices of raw materials used for our products has been particularly volatile and increased during 2022, and hedging mechanisms and strategies
used to mitigate this price volatility have been limited. If we are unable to increase the price of our products to cover increased
costs, to offset operating cost increases or are not successful in our commodity hedging program, then commodity and raw material price
volatility or increases could materially and adversely affect our profitability, financial condition and results of operations. Moreover,
future decisions not to engage in hedging transactions or ineffective hedging transactions might result in increased cost volatility,
potentially adversely impacting our profitability, financial condition and results of operations. If we are unable to source raw materials,
that could limit our ability to utilize our manufacturing facilities, in addition, increases in the prices of these raw materials recover
these both may have a material adverse effect on our financial results.
For cost of our raw materials in 2022 and prior years, see “ITEM 5.A: Operating
Results and Financial Review and Prospects—Operating Results—Cost of revenues and gross profit margin.”
Constraints in the global supply of, prices
for and availability of transportation of the raw materials, finished goods and other products essential to our operations could cause
our results of operations and prospects to suffer.
We currently manufacture our products at our two facilities in Israel, one facility
in the United States and one facility in India. In addition, we source a portion of our supply chain from OEMs which are also subject
to similar risks. We actively manage our global supply chain and production facilities in Israel, U.S. and India, since 2021, we experienced
disruptions and volatility in our supply chain that we expect to continue through 2023. Supply chain issues have occurred on a global
scale fueled by COVID-19 pandemic and have caused delays in the arrival of or otherwise constrained our supply of raw materials, particularly
quartz and porcelain, which are essential and non-fungible components in the manufacture of our countertops and surface products. Other
supply chain risks include, but are not limited to: disruptions in shipping logistics, as ports and other channels of entry from where
we import, export and deliver our products have been closed or continue to operate at reduced capacity; shutdowns or reduced operations
at our suppliers’ facilities; changes in the market prices for quartz and the countertop materials upon which we rely; and shortages
of raw materials as a result of high levels of demand or reduced capacity of our suppliers. Difficulties or interruptions obtaining the
raw materials required for our manufacturing operations, including any difficulties in the short term or long term to obtain Ukraine clay,
bentonite due to the current situation in Ukraine, has and could continue to delay our output or supply of products and harm our relationships
with our customers, damage our brand and reputation and have a material adverse effect on our results of operations. There can be no assurance
that we will continue to effectively manage our global supply chain and manufacturing operations in the future and that the impacts of
the challenges in supply chain and material procurement, brought about by COVID-19 geopolitical events and market conditions will not
materially adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and growth prospects. If these conditions continue
to worsen, we cannot assure you that we will be able to successfully secure raw materials to our various manufacturing facilities in a
timely or profitable manner. In addition, price increases imposed by our OEMs and other suppliers for raw materials and transportation
providers used in our business, if we are unable to pass these costs increases to our customers, in whole or in part, it could have a
material adverse effect on our business and consolidated results of operations.
We face intense competitive pressures from
manufacturers of other surface materials, which could materially and adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition.
Our surface products compete with several surface materials such as granite, laminate,
marble, manufactured solid surface, concrete, stainless steel, wood, and other porcelain and quartz surfaces. We compete with manufacturers
of these surface materials with respect to a range of factors. These factors include, among other things, brand awareness and brand position,
product quality, product differentiation, design and breadth of product offerings, slab dimensions, new product development and time to
market, availability and supply time, technological innovation, popular home interior design trends, pricing, availability of inventory
on demand, distribution coverage, customer service and versatility in products portfolio.
Since we seek to position our products as a premium alternative to other surface materials,
the perception among end-consumers and other stakeholders of our products is a key competitive differentiator. If we are unable to anticipate
or react quickly to changes in consumer preference in these areas, we may lose market share and our results of operations may suffer.
If consumer preference shifts away from materials we are offering to other materials, or away from branded surfaces, our market share
may be reduced, and our financial results may be materially and adversely impacted.
Competition increases with increased global production capacity by new and existing
competitors. Should our competitors be able to produce products more efficiently at lower prices, adapt more quickly to changes in consumer
preferences and demands, have a diversified product offering, or acquire complementary businesses, we may lose market share and our financial
results may suffer.
Our ability to fully integrate acquisitions,
joint ventures and/or investments, including our previously announced acquisitions of Lioli, Omicron and Caesarstone Scandinavia, could
be more difficult, costly and time-consuming than we expect and therefore disrupt our business and adversely affect the value of our shares.
Our success will depend, in part, on our ability to expand our product offerings and grow our business
in response to customer demands, competitive pressures and industry trends in the home renovation and construction sectors. We pursue
our growth strategy by acquiring complementary businesses across the globe, including our previously announced acquisitions of Lioli,
an India-based porcelain countertop slab producer, in October 2020 (the “Lioli Acquisition”),
Omicron, a stone supplier based in Pompano Beach, Florida, in December 2020 (the “Omicron Acquisition”)
and Caesarstone Scandinavia (formerly named Magrab), a leading distributor in Sweden during July 2022 (the “Magrab
Acquisition”).
The combination of independent businesses is a complex, costly and time-consuming
process. While our management continues to make progress in integrating Lioli’s and Omicron’s businesses with ours, such efforts
are still underway and are expected to continue through 2023. During this time, we and our management have encountered, and are likely
to continue to encounter, ongoing challenges with respect to achieving anticipated synergies. For example, high turnover rates of key
employees at Lioli, which we attribute to challenges assimilating Lioli employees into our workplace culture and maintaining consistent
operational standards and processes. We seek to manage these transitions carefully, such as by establishing employee training and development
programs. However, any continued retention issues at our acquired companies will result in a loss of institutional knowledge about those
businesses. Failure to address these risks, such as by successfully retaining current employees or recruiting new professionals with relevant
industry knowledge, will likely result in operational delays and negatively impact our financial results.
In addition, we may be exposed to unforeseen or undisclosed claims and liabilities
arising from the operations of Lioli, Omicron and Magrab from periods prior to the dates we acquired them. For example, although we believe
that we have a good and marketable title to the Lioli manufacturing facility in Morbi, Gujarat, India, there are certain historic discrepancies
between records of different local and regional authorities in Gujarat, India, including records of titles to physically non-existing
plots, that might result in our ownership to the facility or its parts being challenged, including by title holders of existing and non-existing
adjacent plots. Our ability to seek indemnification from the former owners for these and any other claims or liabilities could be significant
and limited by various factors, including the specific limitations contained in the respective acquisition agreements and the financial
ability of the former owners. If we are unable to enforce any indemnification rights we may have, or if we do not have any right to indemnification,
we could be held liable for the costs or obligations associated with such claims or liabilities, which could adversely affect our operating
performance.
In addition, as a result of the Lioli, Omicron and Magrab Acquisitions we carried
a significant amount of intangible assets (including goodwill) on our balance sheet. As of December 31, 2021 and 2022, our goodwill and
other intangible assets (including Lioli and Omicron acquisitions), amounted to $55.4 million and $8.8 million, respectively.
Our goodwill or other Intangible assets or
other long lived assets may become further impaired, which could require us to record additional significant charges to earnings
in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles
As per the U.S. GAAP (ASC 350), we are required to test our goodwill for impairmenton an annual basis or
whenever indicators for potential impairment exist. We are operating as one reporting unit for goodwill testing purposes. Due to Company’s
market capitalization, higher interest rates and global slow down in our markets, we conducted a goodwill impairment testing for the period
ended December 31, 2022. As a result of this testing, we recorded an aggregate $44.8 million non-cash impairment charge related to goodwill
in the fiscal year 2022. As of December 31, 2022 our goodwill was fully impaired and the balance of the goodwill and other intangibles
was $8.8 million. Further deterioration of our share price may require us to test, and possibly subsequently impair additional assets.
See also Note 7 to the financial statements included elsewhere in this report.
In addition we tested our long lived assets due to the same reasons mentioned above and in addition to
our current lower utilization in our plants. Such impairment test was in accordance with U.S. GAAP rules (ASC 360) and resulted in an
impairment of $26.4 million. See also Note 6 to the financial statements included elsewhere in this report.
This testing involves estimates and significant judgments by management.
We believe our assumptions and estimates are reasonable and appropriate; however additional adverse changes in key assumptions, including
a failure to meet expected earnings or other financial plans, unanticipated events and circumstances such as changes in assumptions about
the duration and magnitude of increased supply chain and commodities costs and our planned efforts to mitigate such impacts, further disruptions
in the supply chain, increases in tax rates (including potential tax reform) or a significant change in industry or economic trends could
affect the accuracy or validity of such estimates and may result in an additional impairment. Any charge or charges could adversely affect
our results of operations. See “Critical Accounting Estimates” in Item 5 herein for more information regarding goodwill and
other long lived assets impairment testing. Therefore, although we have recorded said impairment charges this year, we cannot guarantee
that we will not experience goodwill, other intangible assets or long lived assets impairments in the future.
If we fail to effectively manage required changes
in our production and supply chain, we may be unable to serve the market or suffer additional inefficiencies.
Our production and supply chain processes are complex and rely on our estimates and
forecasts in terms of volume as well as product mix. These processes are characterized by an interdependent network of suppliers and material
needs, owned and leased manufacturing locations, external manufacturing partners, distribution networks, shared service delivery centers
and information systems, each of which supports our ability to provide our products to our customers consistently. The Lioli Acquisition
and Omicron Acquisition further expanded our production and supply chain, as well as product offerings, into new global markets. While
we continue integrating Lioli and the Omicron into our existing business, we must also effectively manage the increased complexity resulting
from manufacturing and sourcing products and materials on a vaster global scale. A failure to accurately forecast or manage our needed
inventories, as well as any disruptions in our production and supply chain processes, may hinder the availability of our products in the
market, result in loss of sales, increase shipping costs and harm our relationships with our customers, damage our brand and reputation
and have a materially adverse effect on our results of operations. In addition, if we are unsuccessful in adjusting our manufacturing
operations to such changes, or to changes in the demand for our products, we may be unable to grow our business and revenue, maintain
our competitive position or improve our profitability.
The ability of suppliers to deliver parts,
components and manufacturing equipment to our facilities, and our ability to manufacture without disruption, could affect the timely delivery
of our products and fulfillment of our contracts with distributors and customers.
We have purchased the majority of our manufacturing production lines from Breton S.p.A.
(“Breton”), a manufacturer of lines to produce engineered stone slabs. We depend on
Breton for certain spare parts for our production line equipment and for their support and know-how required to resolve specific technical
problems in their manufacturing equipment and anticipate we will continue to do so in the future. If Breton were to cease business, or
otherwise experienced an inability or delay in providing specialty machine components and spare parts, know-how or technical support to
us, we would be unable to obtain such components or expertise for an indeterminate amount of time. As a result, the output of our products
to our distributor sand customers could be prevented or delayed.
In addition, our operations are subject to disruption for a variety of reasons, including
COVID-19-related supply chain difficulties or slowdowns, work stoppages, labor relations, damage to our manufacturing facilities or products
caused by hazards, human error, negligence or other failures or circumstances beyond our control. There can be no assurance that we will
continue to effectively manage our global supply chain and manufacturing operations in the future and that the impacts of COVID-19 and
other global developments on our supply chain and manufacturing will not materially adversely affect our business, financial condition,
results of operations and growth prospects. See “—The COVID-19 pandemic could further impact end-consumers and the global
economy in general, lower demand for our products, disrupt our operations and materially and adversely affect our business and results
of operations” and “—Disturbances to our operations or the operations of our suppliers, distributors, customers, consumers
or other third parties could materially adversely affect our business.”
Our insurance policies have limited coverage in case of certain disruptions or significant
damage to our manufacturing facilities and may not fully compensate us for the cost of replacement and any loss from business interruptions.
Any damage to our facilities or interruption in manufacturing, whether due to limitations in manufacturing capacity or arising from factors
outside of our control, could result in delays or failure in meeting contractual obligations and could have a materially adverse effect
on our relationships with our distributors and customers, and on our financial results.
Problems inherent in the use of OEM suppliers,
such as a failure to effectively collaborate or diversify our relationships with various OEMs, could materially adversely affect our competitive
position or profitability.
In order to optimize our production capabilities, meet market demands also in
lower price ranges, since 2021 we have started to accelerated our strategy to acquire certain basic product models from third-party engineered
stone and Porcelain OEMs, primarily from China, Spain Italy and India. We continued to increase this activity during 2022 and anticipate
further growth during 2023.
The successful expansion of our supplier network through OEM relationships will depend
on several factors, including, for example:
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our ability to manage our relationships with OEMs; |
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the extent to which we experience delays in delivery of products from OEMs or the quality of products produced by these OEMs does
not meet our standards; |
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damage or disruption to the ability of our OEMs to develop, manufacture and transport our products as a result of factors within
or outside their control; |
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failure by such OEMs to comply with applicable laws and regulations or accepted industry standards including ESG expectations set
by us and our customers; and |
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our ability to agree on the commercial terms with such vendors, or effectively enforce the terms of any verbal or written agreements,
which could cause OEMs to cease manufacturing in the amounts required to meet the demand for our products, or at all. |
For example during 2022, we encountered quality challenges and our ability to develop
new products with OEM providers was diminished also due to Covid-19. If any of the above factors should materialize during 2023, we could
experience adverse impacts to our business, financial condition and results of operations. Moreover, our failure to effectively manage
our OEM supplier-partnerships could require us to locate alternative manufacturers or produce the products using our facilities, which
could cause substantial delays in manufacturing, increase our costs, negatively impact our brand, reputation, and the quality of our products
in case we rely on new vendors, and require us to adjust our products and our manufacturing processes. Even if we do effectively manage
such relationships, they may not help us to successfully optimize our operations and reduce costs. In addition, cooperation with OEMs
may require us to expose certain intellectual property relating to our products and designs, the confidentiality of which we may not be
able to further control or enforce loss of confidential know how or other intellectual property may lead to loss of various advantages
in our markets and adversely effect results of our operation. Finally, if we experience demand for our products that exceeds our
manufacturing capacity and we fail to acquire slab models from OEMs, we may not have sufficient inventory to meet our customers’
demands, which would negatively impact our revenues, reputation and potentially cause us to lose market share.
A key element of our strategy is to expand
our sales in certain markets, such as the United States. Failure to expand such sales would have a materially adverse effect on our future
growth and prospects
A key element of our strategy is to expand sales of our products in certain of our
key existing markets, as well as additional new markets that we believe have high growth potential. In line with our growth acceleration
plan, we are continuing to make strategic investments to increase our distribution network in the United States, including through the
expansion of our brand into the South, Southeast and Ohio Valley markets via the Omicron Acquisition, and by increasing the headcount
of our U.S. sales force in 2021 and 2022. We estimate we can continue to expand our brand and the sales of our engineered quartz and porcelain
products in the United States where, according to Freedonia, engineered quartz surfaces represented 21% of the total countertops by volume
installed in 2022.
We face several challenges in generating demand for our products in the United States
or other markets, including increasing consumers’ awareness of our brand for their kitchen countertops and other interior settings.
If the market for our products in these regions does not develop as we expect, our future growth, business, prospects, financial condition
and operating results will be adversely affected. In addition, changes to trade environments, including imposition of import tariffs or
withdrawal from or revisions to international trade policies or agreements, may affect our growth potential globally, and further impact
other markets in which we operate. See “—Competition from manufacturers of lower priced products may reduce our market share,
alter consumer preferences and materially and adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition”.
Even if we are able to increase our brand awareness and the demand for our products
in these and other regions we consider to be viable markets, we may face certain challenges in supplying materials to large retailers
in these regions. For more information, see “—A sizable proportion of our sales in North America is attributable to a limited
number of large retailers; any deterioration of our relationships with such retailers or deterioration in their business performance (in
fields relevant to the sale of our products) could adversely impact our results of operations.” Additionally, our reliance on third-party
suppliers to provide installation and fabrication services to large retailers could impair our relationship with our customers, which
could also materially harm our business and results of operations. Our success will depend, in large part, upon consumer acceptance and
adoption of our products and brand in these markets, on the level of our execution, our go-to market strategy and its implementation and
the timely availability of our products across regions, and if we do not effectively expand into these markets, there could be an adverse
impact on our sales and financial condition.
A sizable proportion of our sales in North
America is attributable to a limited number of large retailers; any deterioration of our relationships with such retailers or deterioration
in their business performance (in fields relevant to the sale of our products) could adversely impact our results of operations.
We supply our products to retailers in a manner that includes fabrication and installation
of countertops, primarily from our quartz surfaces, performed by third party contractors. While we expect that these retailers will continue
to purchase our products, there is no assurance that such current agreements will be renewed at all or on similar terms. In case these
collaborations are terminated or not renewed, our revenue could significantly decrease.
Our sales to retailers, may be affected, among other things, by their focus, sales
and promotional events, the timing, scope and other terms that are determined exclusively by such retailers and can impact our sales volume.
Accordingly, these sales have been, and may continue to be, volatile, and we may not be able to maintain or increase such sales or to
maintain its current profitability level. See also “—Disturbances to our operations or the operations of our suppliers, distributors,
customers, consumers or other third parties could materially adversely affect our business”.
In addition, we have entered into arrangements with third parties for the supply of
fabrication and installation services to and we may enter into such agreements with other third parties. The success of these third-party
relationships may impact our supply of countertops, inventory levels, quality and service level standards, ESG rating, and ability to
manage the installation and fabrication of countertops to meet the end consumers’ demands at reasonable prices. If we are unable
to successfully manage the installation and fabrication services performed for us by these third-party fabricators and installers, we
may experience relatively high waste of our products used by fabricators for such works, and complaints from end-consumers with respect
to supply time, quality and service level of the fabrication and installation, including defects and damages. Such risks could expose
us to warranty-related damages, which, if not covered back-to-back by the fabricators engaged by us, could have a materially adverse effect
on our financial results, reputation and brand position and lead to the termination of our agreements with retailers.
We rely on select suppliers in specific regions
for the raw materials used in the production of our products, and we may encounter significant manufacturing delays if we experience disruptions
in these supply arrangements and/or are required to change suppliers
Our principal raw materials for engineered quartz products are quartz, polyester and
pigments. We acquire quartz from quartz manufacturers from Turkey, India, Israel and several European countries. We typically transact
business with our quartz suppliers on an annual framework basis, under which we execute purchase orders from time to time. In 2022, approximately
69% of our quartz was imported from several suppliers in Turkey. We acquire polyester from several suppliers, mainly from Europe, on an
annual framework basis, or on a purchase order basis based on our projected needs for the subsequent one to three months. The supply of
pigments required for the production of our quartz products is also limited and we currently rely on a single supplier for the processing
of such pigments. Accordingly, if our contractual relationship with this single supplier ceased for any reason whatsoever, and we could
not immediately locate a replacement supplier, our business would be materially adversely affected. Other raw materials used in our engineered
quartz products are acquired from a limited number of suppliers on a purchase order basis, and our ability to preset prices in advance
is limited. Additionally, the principal raw materials used in our porcelain products are clay minerals, natural minerals (such as feldspar)
and chemical additives. We typically transact business with our suppliers of these raw materials on either a purchase order basis or an
annual framework basis, under which we execute purchase orders from time to time. Because nearly all of our supply arrangements are based
on our projected or anticipated needs, we cannot be certain that any of our current suppliers will continue to provide us with the quantities
of raw materials that we require or will be able to satisfy our anticipated specifications and quality requirements. We may also experience
a shortage of such materials if, for example, demand for our products increases.
In addition, we may lose our supply contracts or arrangements, or the ability to effectively
enforce our rights thereunder, if our supplier relationships are disrupted as a result of factors beyond our control, including, for example,
political tensions in the regions where our supplies are located. For instance, in previouse years, rising tensions between Turkey and
the State of Israel have increased the risk that our commercial arrangements with Turkish suppliers for quartz may be adversely and materially
impacted. If political tensions between Turkey and Israel worsen again, and our Turkish quartz suppliers fail to perform in accordance
with our arrangements, we may not be able to successfully enforce them.
We have in the past and may in the future experienced disagreements over prices with
with suppliers of our raw materials, and such may escalate to the point thatsuppliers cease supplying us. If our supply of raw materials
is adversely impacted to a material extent or if, for any other reason, any of our suppliers do not perform in accordance with our agreements
with them or cease supplying us with the relevant material for any reason, we would need to locate alternate suppliers. Securing replacement
suppliers could result in substantial delays in manufacturing, increase our costs, negatively impact the quality of our products, or require
us to adjust our products and our manufacturing processes. Any such delays in or disruptions to the manufacturing process could materially
and adversely impact our reputation, revenues and results of operations as well as other business aspects, such as our ability to serve
our customers and meet their order requests.
For more information with regards to suppliers of raw materials used in our products,
see “ITEM 4.B: Information on the Company—Business Overview—Raw materials and Service Provider Relationships.”
In addition to our traditional engineered quartz
offering, we manufacture porcelain products and sales of porcelain, natural stone and other materials, and may pursue a further expansion
of our product offering, including introducing new products and materials as well as new applications, which may be unsuccessful, and
may divert management’s attention and negatively affect our margins and results of operations.
Our competitive advantage is due, in part, to our ability to develop and introduce
innovative new and improved products and to strengthen our brand. To maintain such advantage, we may develop our own new products or acquire
manufacturers of products that are competing with, or complimentary to, ours. Such new products may include new surface materials and
complementary products. Introducing new products involves uncertainties, such as predicting changing consumer preferences, developing,
manufacturing, marketing and selling new technologies, products and materials, and entering new market segments.
For example, as a result of the Lioli Acquisition in 2020, we commenced manufacturing
and sales of porcelain slabs for different applications, including flooring and cladding, and we intend to extend our produced porcelain
countertops offering. Lioli faces adverse tariffs for sale into the EEU, and may face same in sales into the U.S. See also “—Global
trade is affected by governmental involvement including through antidumping and countervailing duties and these may cause unforeseeable
market changes that could adversely impact our financial results.” In addition, our acquired Omicron locations in the U.S. also
sell natural stone and ancillary products for kitchen installation and fabrication. Although we believe that the expansion into new products,
materials and, in some cases, applications represent an opportunity to leverage our existing business, no guarantee can be given as to
customer demand for the new products. Moreover, in the future we may decide to introduce additional new products and enter new markets,
whether through cooperation with third-party manufacturers or manufacturing at our own facilities.
Despite our intention to expand our manufacturing and sales of porcelain or other
additional products, we may not be successful in capturing the market share dominated by competitors in this area, offer innovative alternatives
ahead of the competition or maintain the strength of our brand. Such new initiatives may require increased time and resources from our
management, result in higher than expected expenses and have a material adverse effect on our margins and results of operation.
In addition, Porcelain products are often used in additional applications such as
floring and wall cladding. Addressing these markets entails additional risks and liabilities that should they materialize may have a material
adverse effect on our financial results.
Our revenues are subject to significant geographic
concentration and any disruption to sales within one of our key existing markets, or to sales to a major customer therein, could materially
and adversely impact our results of operations and prospects.
Our sales are subject to significant geographic concentration, with four largest markets
accounting for 85.2% of revenues. In 2022, sales in the United States, Australia (including New Zealand), Canada and Israel accounted
for 49.5%, 16.8%, 13.5% and 5.3% of our revenues, respectively. Our results of operations could be materially and adversely impacted by
a range of factors, including spending on home renovation and remodeling and new residential construction in the region (as discussed
above), local competitive changes, changes in consumers’ quartz surface or countertop preferences and regulatory changes that specifically
impact these markets (such as imposition of antidumping and countervailing duties in the United States as discussed above), as well as
by our performance in each of these markets. Sales in our main markets could be materially and adversely impacted by other general economic
conditions, including in a global or local recession, depression, excessive inflation or other sustained adverse market events and increases
in imports of cheaper quartz surfaces from low cost countries manufacturers into such markets, especially the United States, Australia
and Canada. Stronger local currencies could make lower-priced imported goods more competitive than our products. Although we face different
challenges and risks in each of the markets in which we operate, due to the existence of a high level of geographic concentration, should
an adverse event occur in any of these jurisdictions, our results of operations and prospects could be impacted disproportionately.
Our business is subject to disruptions and
quarterly fluctuations in revenues and net income as a result of seasonal factors, weather-related conditions, natural disasters, building
construction cycles and actions by third parties over which we have no control, which are hard to predict with certainty.
Our results of operations have in the past and may in the future be impacted by seasonal
factors, weather-related conditions, and construction and renovation cycles. The levels of manufacturing, fabrication, distribution, and
installation of our products generally follow activity in the construction and renovation industries. Severe weather conditions, such
as unusually prolonged cold conditions, hurricanes, severe storms, earthquakes, floods, fires, droughts, other natural disasters or similar
events could reduce, delay or halt the construction and renovation industries in the markets in which we operate, and our businesses may
be adversely affected. Markets in which we operate that are impacted by winter weather, such as snowstorms and extended periods of rain,
may experience a slowdown in construction activity during the beginning and the end of each calendar year, and this winter slowdown contributes
to lower sales in our first and fourth quarters. Natural disasters including tornados, hurricanes, floods and earthquakes may damage our
facilities, the launch facilities we use or those of our suppliers, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial
condition and results of operations. Traditionally, the second and third quarters of the year exhibit higher sales than first and fourth
quarters. Specifically for the fourth quarter of 2022, our sales were also impacted by the general economic slowdown. For more information,
see “ITEM 5.A: Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—Operating Results—Factors impacting our results of operations”
and “ITEM 5.A: Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—Operating Results—Quarterly results of operations and seasonality.”
Adverse weather in a particular quarter or a prolonged winter period can also impact our quarterly results. Our future results of operations
may experience substantial fluctuations from period to period as a consequence of such adverse weather. Increased or unexpected quarterly
fluctuations in our results of operations may increase the volatility of our share price and cause declines in our share price even if
they do not reflect a change in the overall performance of our business.
Furthermore, our ability, and that of our suppliers, OEM suppliers, distributors,
customers and other third parties, to develop, manufacture, transport, distribute, sell, install and use our products is critical to our
success. Damage or disruption to our or their operations could occur due to various factors, some of which cannot be foreseen, including,
among others, telecommunications failures; power, fuel or water shortages; strikes, labor disputes or lack of availability of qualified
personnel; or other reasons beyond our control or the control of such third parties. Failure to take adequate steps to mitigate the likelihood
or potential impact of such events, or to effectively manage such events if they occur, could continue to result in adverse effects on
our business, financial condition or results of operations.
Our distributors’ actions may have a
materially adverse effect on our business and results of operations. Our results of operations may be further impacted by the actions
of our re-sellers
Sales to third-party distributors accounted for approximately 10% of our revenues
in 2022. In our indirect markets, we depend on the success of the selling and marketing efforts of our third-party distributors, and any
disruption in our distribution network could materially impair our ability to sell our products or market our brand, which could materially
and adversely affect our business and results of operations. As we have limited control over these distributors, their actions could also
materially harm our brand and company reputation in the marketplace.
In the majority of our distribution arrangements, we operate based on an initial agreement
or general terms of sale or, in certain cases, without any agreement, in writing or at all. The lack of a written agreement with many
of our distributors may lead to ambiguities, costs and challenges in enforcing terms of such arrangements, including where we wish to
terminate early due to the distributor’s failure to meet annual sales targets. We have experienced difficulties, including litigation,
in connection with the termination of certain of our distributors due to disputes regarding their terms of engagement. See “ITEM
8.A: Financial Information—Consolidated Financial Statements and Other Financial Information—Legal proceedings.” Additionally,
we may be unable to distribute our products through another distributor within the territory during the period in which we must give prior
termination notice, or to identify and retain new distributors upon termination, which may materially and adversely impact our market
share, results of operations, relationships with our customers and end-consumers and brand reputation. Because some of our distributors
operate on nonexclusive terms, distributors may also distribute competitors’ countertop surfaces or other surface materials, which
may cause us to lose market share. If we opt to distribute our products directly upon termination of existing arrangements with our distributors,
ramping up our logistics and shipping capabilities could require significant time and financial commitments, which could materially and
adversely impact our market share and results of operations. We cannot assure you that we will be able to successfully transition to direct
distribution in a timely or profitable manner.
In the United States, we supply our products in part to sellers who in turn re-sell
them to fabricators, contractors, developers and builders. Certain actions by such third parties may also materially harm our brand and
reputation.
The termination of arrangements with distributors and re-sellers may lead to litigation,
resulting in significant legal fees for us and detracting our management’s effort, time and resources. In addition, our distributors
and re-sellers generally disclose to us sales volumes and other information on a monthly or quarterly basis. Inaccurate sales forecasts,
on which we have already relied on in our production planning or our failure to understand correctly the information in a sales report
could cause significant, unexpected volatility in our sales and may impact our ability to make plans regarding our supply chain. Any of
these events could materially and adversely affect or cause unexpected fluctuations in our results of operations.
Legal, Regulatory, Safety
and Security Risks
Results of Silicosis and other bodily injury
claims may have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results, and financial condition.
Silicosis is a potentially fatal progressive occupational lung disease and is characterized
by scarring of the lungs and damage to the breathing function. Inhalation of dust containing fine silica particles (respirable crystalline
silica, or RCS) may occur while performing certain tasks, including among others, processing materials that contain crystalline silica
(with quartz having a relatively high crystalline silica content) if safety measures are not implemented, which in turn can cause silicosis
and other health issues.
Since 2008, we have been named, either directly or as a third party
defendant, in numerous lawsuits alleging damages caused by exposure to RCS related to our products filed by individuals (including fabricators
and their employees, and our former employees), their successors, employers and the State of Israel, and in subrogation claims by the
Israeli National Insurance Institute (the “NII”), Workers’ compensation claims
in several states in Australia, and others. As of December 31, 2022, we were subject to pending lawsuits with respect to 163 injured persons
globally (of which 99 were in Israel, 56 in Australia and 8 in the United States) and had received pre-litigation demand letters with
respect to additional 9 persons, in each case relating to silicosis claims. One of the injured persons filed against us a lawsuit in the
Central District Court in Israel with a motion for its recognition as a class action; and subsequently we reached a settlement agreement
with the lead-plaintiff with respect to this claim, which was approved by the competent courts in 2021. According to the settlement agreement,
during 2022 we paid on a one-time basis, without any admission of liability, approximately $2.6 million to fund certain safety related
expenses of fabricators (such amount included plaintiff’s compensation and legal expenses). Most of the claims asserted against
us do not specify a total amount of damages sought and the plaintiffs’ future damages, if any, are intended to be determined at
trial or settlement discussions.
Although we intend to vigorously contest some of the pending claims, we cannot provide any assurance that
we will be successful. As of December 31, 2022, we estimated based on the current legal conditions that our total exposure with respect
to all then-pending lawsuits in Israel and Australia was approximately $36 million (which we made a provision for on our balance sheet),
however, the actual outcome of such lawsuits may vary from our estimate. We believe that we have $7.3 million of coverage under our product
liability insurance and, accordingly, our net exposure with respect to such pending claims is estimated to be $28.7 million. At this early
stage of litigation, we are unable to estimate the probability of the actual exposure in the claims filed against us in the U.S.
Any pending or future litigation is subject to significant uncertainty. Our estimated
total net exposure with respect to pending claims is subject to change for a variety of reasons, including an unpredictable adverse development
in the pending cases. We cannot estimate the number of potential claimants that may file claims against us, the jurisdictions in which
such claims may be filed, who the claimants are or the nature of the claims. Consistent with the experience of other companies involved
in silica-related litigation, there may be an increase in the number of asserted claims against us. In addition, punitive damages may
be awarded in certain jurisdictions, even though they are rare in Israel. We may be also subject to putative class action lawsuits in
the future in Israel and abroad and we cannot be certain whether such claims will succeed in being certified or on their merits. An actual
outcome which is higher than our estimate could have a material adverse effect on our financial results and cash flow.
Any uninsured damages to which we are subject in existing or future potential litigation,
the cost of defending any uninsured claims, compliance costs, and the loss of business from fabricators who no longer find it practical
to fabricate our products, may have a material adverse impact on our revenues and profits. Moreover, even if we are found only partially
liable to a plaintiff’s damages, in some jurisdictions the plaintiff may seek to collect all his damages from us, requiring us to
collect separately from our co-defendants their allocated portion of the damages and there can be no assurance that we will succeed in
such collection.
As of December 31, 2022, 23 of our employees, out of which 12 were employed in our plants in Israel as
of such date, were banned by occupational physicians from working in a workplace with dust due to a diagnosis or suspected diagnosis of
silicosis or other lung diseases, and any expenses not covered by the National Insurance Institute of Israel which we may incur in this
respect are not covered by our employer liability insurance. As of December 31, 2022 there were 4 outstanding lawsuits that had been filed
against us by former employees.
We currently have limited product liability insurance policies, which apply to us
and our subsidiaries and cover claims related to bodily injuries though in most cases these policies exclude damages caused by exposure
to hazardous dust. In recent years, we have been able to obtain such insurance only on less favorable terms than previously. If we are
unable to renew our product liability insurances at all or in part, if we cannot obtain insurance on as favorable terms as previously,
or if our insurance is terminated early, decreased, provides inadequate coverage or if we are subject to silicosis-related claims excluded
by our product liability insurance policy or by our employer liability insurance policy, we may incur significant legal expenses and become
liable for damages, in each case, that are not covered by insurance. For example, as of September 2020 our Australian product liability
insurance ceased coverage of newly diagnosed silicosis related claims. Such events might have a material adverse effect on our business
and results of operations. As of December 31, 2022, our insurance receivables for silicosis-related claims totaled $7.3 million. Although
we believe that it is probable that such receivables will be paid to us when such payments are due, if our insurers become insolvent in
the future or for other reason do not pay such amounts in full or on a timely basis, such failure could have a material adverse effect
on our financial results and cash flow.
In addition, media coverage regarding the hazards associated with exposure to RCS
in the engineered quartz surfaces, which intensified significantly primarily in Australia, may adversely affect consumer preferences toward
our products, damage our brand and reputation and lead to loss of sales and a material adverse effect to our revenues and financial results.
In Australia a major union is calling for greater governmental and regulatory action, which may increase our costs of compliance therewith,
lead to greater propensity for litigation against us, and are more specifically demanding a ban be placed on quartz-based products, and
high ranking officials have voiced their support of this proposition. Such a ban would require us to make costly adjustments to our operations
and may lead to a major loss of market share in the Australian market, which would have a material adverse effect on our financial results.
Any of the risks described above relating to claims regarding silicosis and other
bodily injury claims may have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results and financial condition. For more information,
see “ITEM 8.A: Financial Information—Legal Proceedings—Claims related to alleged silicosis and other injuries.”
See also Note 11 to the financial statements included elsewhere in this report.
Changes
in laws and regulations relating to hazards associated with engineered quartz surfaces or the content of RCS in stone and engineered
quartz surfaces may adversely and materially affect our business.
During recent years, after identifying exposure to silica in the engineered
quartz and stone countertop industry as a health hazard to workers involved in manufacturing, cutting, fabricating, finishing and installing
quartz and stone countertops, several local regulatory bodies have issued safety alerts and promoted new regulations. For example, in
2015, the Israeli Ministry of Economy and Industry (“IMEI”) proposed a new law aimed
at improving the health, protection and safety of persons engaged in fabrication of engineered quartz surfaces by imposing, among other
things, obligations to obtain permits for operating a fabrication business. While, that law did not pass, there is still a possibility
of regulatory involvement or renewed attempts for legislation that could adversely affect our market and so results of our operations.
In July 2019, the Australian federal government established a national dust disease taskforce (”the Taskforce”) in light of
the re-emergence of silicosis. The Taskforce presented its Final Report in June 2021. Among the Taskforce recommendations, it was noted
that a ban on the importation of some or all engineered stone be considered by July 2024 if There is no measurable and acceptable improvement
in regulatory compliance rates for the engineered stone sector; and Evidence indicates preventative measures are not effectively protecting
those working with engineered stone from silicosis and silica-associated diseases. Australian Governments’ response to the Taskforce
report, that was published in 2022, noted this recommendation and recognised that a comprehensive framework is required to evaluate the
effectiveness of compliance with health and safety duties and the effectiveness of measures to protect workers, including any further
measures implemented following Safe Work Australia’s regulatory impact analysis process. The response also noted that further time
may be required to make this assessment beyond the July 2024 proposed deadline. At the end of 2022, The Australian Construction, Forestry,
Maritime, Mining and Energy Union launched a campaign against engineered stone stating that if the federal government did not ban engineered
stone by July 2024, it would ban its members from handling it, and continued through 2022 and 2023 to promote a ban on engeneered stone
surfaces, and this approach is gaining support among Australias relevant ministers. In October 2019, Queensland State in Australia approved
a new code of practice on managing RCS exposure in the stone benchtop industry, that included, among others, prohibiting uncontrolled
dry cutting and periodic air monitoring requirements. In New-South Wales, Australia, a Legislative Council Committee was formed to review
the State’s response to silicosis in the manufactured stone industry. The Legislative Council Committee issued its final report
in March 2020 and recommended, among other things: providing all manufactured stone workers a low-dose high-resolution CT scan (instead
of X-ray); obliging all manufacturers and suppliers to provide safety data sheets and to affix standardized warning labels on all manufactured
stone products; further reducing the workplace exposure standard for RCS; and establishing a silicosis register. In 2021, Victoria State
in Australia, after already prohibiting uncontrolled dry cutting of engineered stone, amended its Occupational Health and Safety Regulations
by introducing a licensing scheme for employers working with engineered stone, duties on manufacturers and suppliers of engineered stone,
and additional regulatory oversight of high-risk crystalline silica work outside of engineered stone across a broad range of industries.
According to Victoria’s innovative licensing scheme, as of November 2022, employers working with engineered stone that contain more
than 40% silica, would be required to obtain and hold an engineered stone licence; and suppliers of engineered stone would be prohibited
from supplying engineered stone to a person who requires an engineered stone licence but does not have one. During 2021, Western Australia
State changed its exposure standard for RCS, in addition to launching a new health surveillance requirement for silica, according to which
employers will be required to provide a low-dose high-resolution CT scan instead of the previously required chest X-ray. In February 2020,
the U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration published a National Emphasis Program addressing the hazards of silica in various
industries. Contemplated and current regulatory initiatives in the U.S., Australia and Israel are necessary to improve health and safety,
however, these changes may also disrupt the market or impose burdens on fabricators and distributors potentially causing them to shift
towards using other materials, which could materially and adversely impact our business. Further regulatory changes regarding the ability
to use, process or sell stone countertops, particularly engineered quartz, and the safety measures required in such activities may materially
adversely affect our business.
We may be required to incur additional expenses associated with exposure to RCS in
the engineered quartz surfaces industry to enhance our compliance with current and future laws, regulations or standards. Failure to comply
with existing regulatory requirements or any changes thereto may expose us to regulatory actions (as detailed below in “—The
extent of our liability for environmental, health and safety, product liability and other matters may be difficult or impossible to estimate
and could negatively impact our financial condition and results of operations”) as well as to lawsuits by our employees. Greater
regulatory scrutiny and action may also lead to greater propensity for litigation against us or ultimately result in a government ban
of our products.
Environmental, health and safety regulations,
product liability regulations, industry standards and other similar matters may be costly, difficult or impossible to comply with under
our existing operations and could negatively impact our financial condition and results of operations.
Our manufacturing facilities are subject to numerous Israeli, U.S. federal and state
(Georgia) and Indian federal and Gujarati laws and regulations which may cause us to incur significant costs and liabilities. We are also
subject to industry standards and policies imposed by our customers (such as large retailers), relating to environmental, health and safety,
use of our products and other matters such as dust, acetone and styrene control, as detailed in “ITEM 4.B: Information on the Company—Business
Overview—Environmental and Other Regulatory Matters.” Other aspects of our activities are subject to local laws wherever we
operate, including Canada, Australia, Singapore, the United Kingdom and Sweden. These laws, ordinances and regulations can be subject
to change and such change could result in increased compliance costs, the need for additional capital expenditures, or otherwise adversely
affect us. In February 2022, Israel adopted a long term goal for the reduction of environmental styrene emissions. Although such goal
is not expected to impact our current operations, the adoption of new regulations could create an additional burden for any future investment
in our Israeli facilities. Violations of environmental, health and safety laws and regulations may lead to civil and criminal sanctions
against us, our directors, officers or employees. Liability under these laws and regulations and compliance with various industry standards
and policies involves inherent uncertainties and in some cases may compel the installation of additional equipment and subject us to substantial
penalties, injunctive orders and facility shutdowns, as well as damages to our reputation and brand and may therefore lead to loss in
revenue. If our operations are enjoined because of failure to comply with such regulations, or if we are required to install expensive
equipment in order to meet regulatory requirements, it could materially adversely affect our results of operations. Any contemplated expansion
of our facilities will also need to meet standards imposed by laws, regulations and other industry standards. Violations of environmental
laws could also result in obligations to investigate or remediate potential contamination, third-party property damage or personal injury
claims resulting from potential migration of contaminants off-site. Violations of such laws and regulations may also constitute a breach
of current or future commercial contracts we have with third parties and impact our cooperation with customers and suppliers. We have
identified in the past and may identify in the future compliance risks related to environmental and health and safety regulation standards.
Preparation and implementation of mitigation plans for such risks may take time during which we may not be in full compliance with applicable
laws and standards.
In addition, the operation of our manufacturing facilities in Israel, the United States
(Georgia) and India (Gujarat) is subject to applicable permits, standards, licenses and approvals. Any expansions or improvements to our
facilities will be subject to obtaining appropriate permits, and we cannot be certain that such permits will be obtained in a timely matter,
or at all. For detailed information, see “ITEM 4.B: Information on the Company—Business Overview—Environmental and Other
Regulatory Matters”. We expect our business licenses to be extended by the relevant authorities for a specified term and we intend
to seek subsequent extensions on an ongoing basis. Generally, failure to obtain a permit or license required for the operation of our
facilities, or failure to comply with the requirements thereunder, may result in civil and criminal penalties, fines, court injunctions,
imprisonment, and operations stoppages. If we are unable to obtain, extend or maintain the business license for any of our plants, we
would be required to cease operations at such location, which would materially adversely affect our results of operations. Our ability
to obtain necessary permits and approvals for our manufacturing facilities may be subject to additional costs and possible delays beyond
our initial projections. In addition, to demonstrate compliance with underlying permits licenses or approvals, we are required to perform
a considerable amount of monitoring, record-keeping and reporting. We may not have been, or may not be, at all times, in complete compliance
with such requirements and we may incur material costs or liabilities in connection with such violations, or in connection with remediation
at our sites or certain third-party manufacturing sites if we are found liable in relation thereto.
From time to time, we face compliance issues related to our manufacturing facilities.
See “ITEM 4.B: Information on the Company—Business Overview—Environmental and Other Regulatory Matters” for additional
information on compliance with environmental, health and safety and other relevant regulations relating to our facilities, including with
respect to our compliance with styrene ambient air standards and dust emission occupational health standards.
New environmental laws and regulations, new interpretations of existing laws and regulations,
increased governmental enforcement or other developments in Israel, the United States (Georgia) and India (Gujarat) could require us to
make additional unforeseen expenditures. These expenditures and other costs for environmental compliance could have a material adverse
effect on our business’s results of operations, financial condition and profitability. The range of reasonably possible losses from
our exposure to environmental liabilities in excess of amounts accrued to date cannot be reasonably estimated at this time. For example,
recently the Israeli Ministry of Environmental Protection added to the requirements involved in extending a plant's toxin permit additional
conditions regarding cyber risk management, which apply immediately.
In addition, our manufacturing, distribution and other facilities are subject to health
and safety regulations, including workplace safety and transportation. Although we introduced safety rules and procedures at all our facilities
and provide safety trainings to our employees and contractors on a regular basis, breaches of such safety measures have occurred in the
past and may occur in the future. If our employees or contractors do not follow and we do not successfully enforce the safety procedures
established in our facilities or otherwise do not meet the relevant laws and standards, our employees or contractors may be subject to
work-related injuries. As a result, we and our officers and directors could be subject to claims, fines, orders and injunctions due to
workplace accidents involving our employees or contractors. Although we maintain workers’ compensation and liability insurance,
it may not provide adequate coverage against potential liabilities and can expose us, our directors and officers to administrative and
criminal proceedings.
Other than as described above, we cannot predict whether we may become liable under
environmental, product liability and health and safety statutes, rules, regulations and case law of the countries in which we operate.
The amount of any such liability in the future or its impact on our business operation otherwise could be significant and may adversely
impact our financial condition and results of operations.
Disruptions to or our failure to upgrade and
adjust our information technology systems globally, may materially impair our operations, hinder our growth and materially and adversely
affect our business and results of operations.
We believe that an appropriate information technology (“IT”)
infrastructure is important in order to support our daily operations and the growth of our business. To this end, we are implementing
a digital transformation within the Company to better streamline processes and support our business strategy. Our technological and digital
investments are geared towards operational enhancements in supply chain management and production, along with improvement of our go-to-market
tools.
If we experience difficulties in implementing new or upgraded information systems
or experience significant system failures, or if we are unable to successfully modify our management information systems or respond to
changes in our business needs, we may not be able to effectively manage and grow our business, and we may fail to meet our reporting obligations.
Additionally, if our current back-up storage arrangements and our disaster recovery plan are not operated as planned, we may not be able
to effectively recover our information system in the event of a crisis, which may materially and adversely affect our business and results
of operations.
In the current environment, there are numerous and evolving risks to cybersecurity
and privacy, including criminal hackers, hacktivists, state-sponsored intrusions, industrial espionage, employee malfeasance and human
or technological error. High-profile security breaches at other companies and in government agencies have increased in frequency and sophistication
in recent years. Although we take steps designed to secure our IT infrastructure and sensitive data and enhance our business continuity
and disaster recovery capabilities, we can provide no assurance that our current IT system or any updates or upgrades thereto, the current
or future IT systems of our distributors or re-sellers or the IT systems of online paying agents that we use or may use in the future,
are fully protected against third-party intrusions, viruses, hacker attacks, information or data theft or other similar risks. We carry
data protection liability insurance against cyber-attacks, however the potential magnitude of cyber events and the exceptions to these
policies means that we may not be able to recover our damages from such an event.
We have experienced and expect to continue to experience actual and attempted cyber-attacks
of our IT networks, such as through phishing scams and ransomware. Although none of these actual or attempted cyber-attacks has had a
material adverse impact on our operations or financial condition, we cannot guarantee that any such incidents will not have such an impact
in the future. Furthermore, a cyber-attack that bypasses our IT security systems or those of our distributors, re-sellers, online paying
agents or other third party contractors, causing an IT security breach, could lead to a material disruption of our information systems,
the loss of business information and loss of service to our customers, which could, among other things, disrupt our business, force
us to incur costs or cause reputational damage. There is no assurance that we will be insulated from claims relating to cyber-attacks
or withstand legal challenges in relation to our agreements with third parties. Additionally, we have access to sensitive information
relating to our employees as well as business partners and customers in the ordinary course of business. Any failure or perceived failure
by us, or our third-party contractors on our behalf, to comply with local and foreign laws regarding privacy and data security, as well
as contractual commitments in this respect, may result in governmental enforcement actions, fines, or litigation, which could have an
adverse effect on our reputation and business. If a significant data breach occurred, our reputation could be materially and adversely
affected, confidence among our customers may be diminished, or we may be subject to legal claims, any of which may contribute to the loss
of customers and have a material adverse effect on us. To the extent that such disruptions or uncertainties result in delays or cancellations
of customer orders or the manufacture or shipment of our products, or in theft, destruction, loss, misappropriation or release of our
confidential data or our intellectual property, our business and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected.
These risks will increase as we increase our cooperation with and reliance on third
party contractors that provide cloud solutions and store increasingly large amounts of data, as part of our digital focus and enhancement
of go to market tools.
Legislative or regulatory action in these areas is also evolving, and we may be unable
to adapt our IT systems or to manage the IT systems of third parties to accommodate these changes. Increasing regulatory focus on information
security and data privacy issues and expanding laws in these areas may result in increased compliance costs and expose us to increased
liability. Globally, new and emerging laws, such as the General Data Protection Regulation (“GDPR”)
in Europe and state laws in the U.S. on privacy, data and related technologies, such as the California Consumer Privacy Act (“CCPA”),
create new compliance obligations, create new private rights of action and expand the scope of potential liability, either jointly or
severally with our customers and suppliers. The GDPR, which became effective on May 25, 2018, imposed new compliance obligations for the
collection, use, retention, security, processing, transfer and deletion of personally identifiable information of individuals and created
enhanced rights for individuals. The CCPA, which grants expanded rights to access and delete personal information, and the right to opt
out of the sale of personal information, among other things, became effective on January 1, 2020. These and any other new and emerging
laws and regulations, may force us to bear the burden of more onerous obligations in our contracts or otherwise increase our potential
liability to customers, regulators, or other third parties.
Cybersecurity and complying with personal data rights pose economic, operational and
reputational risks. If we are unable to implement the technological and digital projects required to support our future growth and profitability
in compliance with applicable rules and regulations, our business and results of operations will be materially adversely affected.
In addition, the devotion of additional resources to the security of our information technology systems in the future could significantly
increase the cost of doing business or otherwise adversely impact our financial results.
Since the COVID-19 pandemic, a greater number of our employees are working remotely
and accessing our IT systems and networks remotely, which may further increase our vulnerability to cybercrimes and cyberattacks and increase
the stress on our technology infrastructure and systems. Although we maintain data protection liability insurance, exclusions from coverage
are added into these policies and coverage may not be sufficient to cover all of our losses from any future breaches or failures of our
IT systems, networks and services.
The steps that we have taken to protect our
brand, technology and other intellectual property may not be adequate, and we may not succeed in preventing others from appropriating
our intellectual property.
We believe that our trademarks (registered and unregistered) are important to our
brand, success and competitive position. We anticipate that, as the countertop market becomes increasingly competitive, maintaining and
enhancing our brand, proprietary technology and other intellectual property may become more important, difficult and expensive. In the
past, some of our trademark applications for certain classes of applications of our products have been rejected or opposed in certain
markets. We have in the past, are currently, and may in the future be, subject to opposition proceedings with respect to applications
for registration of our intellectual property, such as our trademarks. As with all intellectual property rights, such application may
be rejected entirely or awarded subject to certain limitations such as territories, any current or future markets or applications. These
limitations to registering our brand names and trademarks in various countries and applications may restrict our ability to promote and
maintain a cohesive brand throughout our key markets, which could materially harm our competitive position and materially and adversely
impact our results of operations. Additionally, if we are unsuccessful in challenging a third party’s products based on trademark
infringement, continued sales of such products could materially and adversely affect our sales and our brand and result in the shift of
consumer preference away from our products.
There can be no assurance that new or pending patent applications for our technologies
and products will be approved in a timely manner or at all, or that, if granted, such patents will effectively protect our intellectual
property. There can be no assurance that we will develop patentable intellectual property in the future, and we have chosen and may further
choose not to pursue patents for innovations that are material to our business.
While we continue to make significant investments in innovating the design of our
products and register design patents on selected models, it may not be adequate to prevent our competitors from imitating our designs
and copying our innovative ideas.
Despite our efforts to execute confidentiality agreements with our consultants, suppliers,
customers, employees and managers, our know-how and trade secrets could be disclosed to third parties, which could cause us to lose any
competitive advantage resulting from such know-how or trade secrets, as well as related intellectual property protections in certain cases.
The actions we take to establish and protect our intellectual property may not be
adequate to prevent unlawful copy and use of our technology by third parties or imitation of our products and the offering of them under
our trademarks by others. These actions may also not be adequate to prevent others, including our competitors, from obtaining intellectual
property rights overcoming ours, and limiting or blocking the production and sales of our existing or future products and applying certain
technologies. Our competitors may seek to limit our marketing and offering of products relying on their alleged intellectual property
rights.
We may face significant expenses and liability in connection with the protection of
our intellectual property rights in and outside the United States. The laws of certain foreign countries may not protect intellectual
property rights to the same extent as the laws of the United States.
Third parties have claimed, and may from time to time claim, that our current or future
products infringe their patent or other intellectual property rights. Under such circumstances, we may be required to expend significant
resources in order to contest such claims and, in the event that we do not prevail, we may be required to seek a license for certain technologies,
develop non-infringing technologies or discontinue some of our products. In addition, any future intellectual property litigation, regardless
of its outcome, may be expensive, divert the efforts of our personnel and disrupt or damage relationships with our customers.
For more information, see “ITEM 4.B: Information on the Company—Business
Overview—Intellectual Property.”
From time to time, we are subject to litigation,
disputes or other proceedings, which could result in unexpected expenses and time and resources that could have a materially adverse impact
on our results of operation, profit margins, financial condition and liquidity.
We are currently involved in several legal disputes, including against certain fabricators
(our customers) and their employees in Israel and Australia, as well as against our former workers, as further detailed in “ITEM
8.A: Financial Information—Consolidated Financial Statements and Other Financial Information—Legal Proceedings.” In
addition, from time to time, we are involved in other legal proceedings and claims in the ordinary course of business related to a range
of matters, including contract law, intellectual property rights, employment, product liability and warranty claims, and claims related
to modification and adjustment or replacement of product surfaces sold.
The outcome of litigation and other legal matters is always uncertain, and the actual
outcome of any such proceedings may materially differ from estimates. An adverse ruling in these proceedings could have a materially adverse
effect on us. If we are unsuccessful in defending such claims or elect to settle any of these claims, we could incur material costs and
could be required to pay varying amounts of monetary damages, some of which may be significant, and/or incur other penalties or sanctions,
some or all of which may not be covered by insurance. Although we maintain product liability insurance, we cannot be certain that our
coverage, if applicable, will be adequate for liabilities actually incurred or that insurance will continue to be available to us on economically
reasonable terms, or at all. These material costs could have a materially adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial
condition.
Our operating results may suffer due to our
failure to manage our international operations effectively or due to regulatory changes in foreign jurisdictions where we operate
Our products are sold in over 50 countries throughout the world, our raw materials,
equipment and machinery are acquired in different countries, our products are manufactured in Israel, the United States and India, and
our global management operates from Israel. We are therefore subject to risks associated with having international operations and expanding
globally, including risks related to complying with the law and regulations of various foreign governments and regulatory authorities.
These laws and regulations may apply to us, our subsidiaries, individual directors, officers, employees and agents, and may restrict our
operations, trade practices, investment or acquisition decisions or partnership opportunities. Accordingly, our sales, purchases and operations
are subject to risks and uncertainties, including, but not limited to:
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fluctuations in exchange rates; |
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fluctuations in land and sea transportation costs, as well as delays or other changes in transportation and other time-to-market
delays, including as a result of strikes; |
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unpredictability of foreign currency exchange controls; |
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compliance with unexpected changes in regulatory requirements; |
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compliance with a variety of regulations and laws in each relevant jurisdiction; |
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difficulties in collecting accounts receivable and longer collection periods; |
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changes in tax laws and interpretation of those laws; |
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taxes, tariffs, quotas, custom duties, trade barriers and other similar restrictions on our sales, purchases and exports which could
be imposed by certain jurisdictions; |
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negative or unforeseen consequences resulting from the introduction, termination, modification, or renegotiation of international
trade agreements or treaties or the imposition of countervailing measures or antidumping duties or similar tariffs; |
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difficulties enforcing intellectual property and contractual rights in certain jurisdictions; and |
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economic changes, geopolitical regional conflicts, such as the invasion of Ukraine by Russia, terrorist activity, political unrest,
civil strife, acts of war, strikes and other economic or political uncertainties. |
Significant political developments could also have a materially adverse effect on
us.
In the United States, due to our substantial sales, distribution, import and manufacturing
operations, potential or actual changes in fiscal, tax and labor policies could have uncertain and unexpected consequences that materially
impact our business, results of operations and financial condition.
Tariffs, taxes or other trade barriers could require us to change manufacturing sources,
reduce prices, increase spending on marketing or product development, withdraw from or not enter certain markets or otherwise take actions
that could be adverse to us. The U.S. federal government may propose additional changes to international trade agreements, tariffs, taxes,
and other government rules and regulations. These regulatory changes could significantly impact our business and financial performance.
For example, the expansive sanctions being imposed by the U.S., EU and other countries against Russia, and any proposed changes to the
prior imposition of tariffs on imports from China, Mexico and Canada. In particular, given the unpredictable nature of the U.S.-China
relationship and its sizable impact on global economic stability, our business and operating success may be materially adversely affected
if recent normalization attempts by these two countries do not endure and additional tariffs or other restrictions on free trade are imposed
by either country. Any such changes may impact the level of free trade or tariff prices on goods imported into the United States. Moreover,
changes in U.S. political, regulatory and economic conditions or in its policies governing international trade and foreign manufacturing
and investment in the U.S. could adversely affect our sales in the U.S. In Europe, the U.K. formally exited the European Union (“E.U.”)
on January 31, 2020 (“Brexit”). Following a transition period during which existing
trade rules continued to apply through December 31, 2020, the U.K. and the E.U. entered into an EU-UK trade and cooperation agreement
that details the future economic relationship between the U.K. and the E.U. The EU-UK trade and cooperation agreement went into effect
on January 1, 2021, however, there is still uncertainty on the application and interpretation of many of the provisions, including with
respect to the relationship between the Republic of Ireland. Although the E.U. is not a key market of ours, Brexit has and for the foreseeable
future will continue to adversely affect economic and market conditions in the U.K., the E.U. and its member states and elsewhere, and
contribute to uncertainty and instability in global financial markets, which may adversely affect our business and financial condition
to the extent the global economy or home renovation, remodeling and construction sectors are negatively impacted or harm our ability to
further expand into the European and U.K. markets.
The regulatory framework for privacy and data security issues worldwide is currently
in flux and is likely to remain so for the foreseeable future. A failure by us or a third-party contractor providing services to us to
comply with applicable privacy and data security laws and regulations may result in sanctions, statutory or contractual damages or litigation.
All these risks could also result in increased costs or decreased revenues, either
of which could have a materially adverse effect on our profitability. As we continue to expand our business globally, we may have difficulty
anticipating and effectively managing these and other risks that our global operations may face, which may materially and adversely affect
our business outside of Israel and our financial condition and results of operations.
We may
have exposure to greater-than-anticipated tax liabilities.
The determination of our worldwide provision for income taxes and other tax liabilities
requires significant judgment, and there are many transactions and calculations where the ultimate tax determination is uncertain. We
have applied the guidance in ASC 740, “Income Taxes” in determining our accrued liability for unrecognized tax benefits, which
totaled approximately $2.9 million as of December 31, 2022. See also note 12 to our financial statements included elsewhere in this report.
Although we believe our estimates are reasonable, the ultimate outcome may differ from the amounts recorded in our financial statements
and may materially affect our financial results in the period or periods for which such determination is made.
We have entered transfer pricing arrangements that establish transfer prices for our
inter-company operations. However, our transfer pricing procedures are not binding on the applicable taxing authorities. The amount of
income tax that we pay could be materially and adversely affected by earnings being lower than anticipated in jurisdictions where we have
lower statutory rates and higher than anticipated in jurisdictions where we have higher statutory rates. From 2015 onward, our U.S. manufacturing
operations also carry inter-company transactions at transfer prices and arrangements set by us. We cannot be certain that tax authorities
will not disfavor our inter-company arrangements and transfer prices in the relevant jurisdictions. Taxing authorities outside of Israel
could challenge our allocation of income between us and our subsidiaries and contend that a larger portion of our income is subject to
tax in their jurisdictions, which may have higher tax rates than the rates applicable to such income in Israel. Any adjustment in one
country while not followed by counter-adjustment in the other country, may lead naturally to double taxation for the group. Any change
to the allocation of our income as a result of review by such taxing authorities could have a negative effect on our operating results
and financial condition.
Our facilities in Israel receive different tax benefits as “Preferred Enterprises”
under the Israeli Law for the Encouragement of Capital Investments, 1959 (“Investment Law”),
with our production lines qualifying to receive different grants and/or reduced company tax rates. Therefore, some of our production lines
also receive tax benefits based on our revenues and the allocation of those revenues between the two facilities in Israel. As a result,
the Israeli taxing authorities could challenge our allocation of income between these two facilities and contend that a larger portion
of our income is subject to higher tax rates. In Israel, there are no tax benefits to production outside of the country. As such, our
portion of taxable income in Israel that relates to the U.S. manufacturing facility might not have tax benefits, based on certain interpretations.
The Israel Tax Authority (“ITA”) could challenge the allocation of income related to
production in Israel and income related to production outside of Israel, which may result in significantly higher taxes. There are currently
no legal regulations governing this allocation and certain of the ITA’s internal guidelines have ambiguities. Moreover, we may lose
all our tax benefits in Israel in the event that our manufacturing operations outside of Israel exceed certain production levels (currently
set at 50% of the overall production and subject to future changes by the ITA).
In the United States, H.R. 1, originally known as the 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the
“TCJA”) made significant changes to the U.S. Internal Revenue Code, including a reduction
in the federal income corporate tax rate from a top marginal rate of 35% to a flat rate of 21% and limitations on certain corporate deductions
and credits. In addition, the TCJA requires complex computations to be performed that were not previously required in U.S. tax law, significant
judgments to be made in interpretation of the provisions of the TCJA and significant estimates in calculations, and the preparation and
analysis of information not previously relevant or regularly produced. The U.S. Treasury Department, the IRS, and other standard-setting
bodies could interpret or issue guidance on how provisions of the TCJA will be applied or otherwise administered that is different from
our interpretation. Finally, foreign governments may enact tax laws in response to the TCJA that could result in further changes to global
taxation and materially affect our financial position and results of operations. While we have provided the effect of the TCJA in our
Consolidated Financial Statements as included in Note 12 to our financial statements included elsewhere in this report, the application
of accounting guidance for various items and the ultimate impact of the TCJA on our business are currently uncertain.
We are entitled to a property tax abatement (starting in the 2014 tax year) with respect
to our U.S manufacturing facility and the capital investment made in such facility for ten years at 100% and an additional five years
at 50% subject to our satisfaction of certain qualifying terms with respect to headcount, average salaries paid to our employees and total
capital investment amount in our U.S manufacturing facility. The tax abatement is granted pursuant to bond purchase loan agreements we
entered with the Development Authority of Bryan County. If we do not meet the qualifying terms of the bond, we will bear the applicable
property tax, which will be recognized in our operating costs and which would materially and adversely impact our projected margins and
results of operations. See “ITEM 4.D: Information on the Company—Property, Plants and Equipment.”
Failure
to meet ESG expectations or standards or a failure to effectively pursueour ESG goals could adversely affect our business, results of
operations, financial condition, or stock price.
Environmental Social and Governance (or “ESG”) matters,
including greenhouse gas emissions, diversity and inclusion, responsible sourcing, human rights, and corporate governance, have gained
increased attention from regulators, customers and other stakeholders. In line with our commitment to ESG, as demonstrated by the publication
of our latest ESG report in 2021, we have established and publicly announced certain goals, commitments, and targets which may be refined
or expanded in the future. However, these goals are not guarantees and achieving them presents operational, regulatory, reputational,
financial, legal, and other risks. Additionally, accounting standards and regulations surrounding ESG are subject to change and may result
in additional costs for compliance. As the pathway towards achiving ever evolving goals is uncertain we may exert extensive efforts that
would not yield our desired results or place a high financial burden. If we fail to meet ESG expectations, it could harm our reputation,
negatively impact customer and talent retention, and lead to increased scrutiny from investors and authorities. `Damage to our reputation
could also reduce demand for our products and services and negatively impact our financial results and stock price.
Certain U.S. holders of our ordinary shares
may suffer adverse tax consequences if we or any of our non-U.S. subsidiaries are characterized as a “controlled foreign corporation”,
or a CFC, under Section 957(a) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.
A non-U.S. corporation is considered a CFC if more than 50% of (1) the total combined
voting power of all classes of stock of such corporation entitled to vote, or (2) the total value of the stock of such corporation, is
owned, or is considered as owned by applying certain constructive ownership rules, by United States shareholders who each own stock representing
10% or more of the vote or 10% or more of the value on any day during the taxable year of such non-U.S. corporation (“10%
U.S. Shareholder”). Because our group includes one or more U.S. subsidiaries, certain of our non-U.S. subsidiaries could
be treated as CFCs (regardless of whether we are treated as a CFC). Generally, 10% U.S. Shareholders of a CFC are required to report annually
and include currently in its U.S. taxable income such 10% U.S. Shareholder’s pro rata share of the CFC’s “Subpart F
income”, “global intangible low-taxed income”, and investments in U.S. property by CFCs, regardless of whether we make
an actual distribution to such shareholders. “Subpart F income” includes, among other things, certain passive income (such
as income from dividends, interests, royalties, rents and annuities or gain from the sale of property that produces such types of income)
and certain sales and services income arising in connection with transactions between the CFC and a person related to the CFC. An individual
that is a 10% U.S. Shareholder with respect to a CFC generally would not be allowed certain tax deductions or foreign tax credits that
would be allowed to a 10% U.S. Shareholder that is a U.S. corporation. Failure to comply with these reporting obligations may subject
a 10% U.S. Shareholder to significant monetary penalties and may prevent the statute of limitations with respect to such shareholder’s
U.S. federal income tax return for the year for which reporting was due from starting. We cannot provide any assurances that we will assist
investors in determining whether any of our non-U.S. subsidiaries is treated as a CFC or whether any investor is treated as a 10% U.S.
Shareholder with respect to any such CFC or furnish to any 10% U.S. Shareholders information that may be necessary to comply with the
aforementioned reporting and tax payment obligations. A United States investor should consult its tax advisors regarding the potential
application of these rules to an investment in our ordinary shares.
Risks Related to our Relationship
with Kibbutz Sdot-Yam
Our directors and employees who are members
of Kibbutz Sdot-Yam and Tene may have conflicts of interest with respect to matters involving the Company.
As of March 10, 2023, the Kibbutz, together with Tene, being parties to a voting agreement, beneficially
owned 14,029,494 constituting approximately 40.7% of our shares. Both the Kibbutz and Tene are deemed our controlling shareholders under
the Israeli Companies Law. The Kibbutz and Tene also agreed to use their best efforts to prevent any dilutive transactions that would
reduce the Kibbutz’s holdings in us below 26% on a fully diluted basis and to cause that at least four directors on behalf of the
parties are elected to our board of directors. For more information, see “ITEM 7.A. Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions—Major
Shareholders.” Two members of our board of directors and a number of our key employees are members of the Kibbutz. Certain of these
individuals also serve in different positions in the Kibbutz, including business manager of the Kibbutz. Such individuals have fiduciary
duties to both us and Kibbutz Sdot-Yam. As a result, our directors and executive officers who are members of the Kibbutz may have real
or apparent conflicts of interest on matters affecting both us and the Kibbutz and, in some circumstances, such individuals may have interests
adverse to us. For example, in the annual general meeting of our shareholders held in December 2015, the Kibbutz opposed the independent
nominees our board of directors proposed to nominate to the board and suggested two alternative nominees identified by the Kibbutz as
independent. In addition, two members of our board of directors, including the chairman of the board of directors, also serve as partners
in Tene. Since these individuals have fiduciary duties to both us and Tene, there may be real or apparent conflicts of interest in this
respect as well. See “ITEM 6.A: Directors, Senior Management and Employees—Directors and Senior Management.”
Our headquarters and one of our two manufacturing
facilities in Israel are located on lands leased by Kibbutz Sdot-Yam from the Israel Lands Administration and the Edmond Benjamin de Rothschild
Caesarea Development Corporation Ltd. If we are unable to continue to lease such lands from Kibbutz Sdot-Yam, our business and future
business prospects may suffer
One of our manufacturing facilities, our headquarters and our research and development
facilities are located on lands leased by the Kibbutz pursuant to two lease agreements between the Kibbutz and the ILA, and an additional
lease agreement between the Kibbutz and the Edmond Benjamin de Rothschild Caesarea Development Corporation Ltd. (“Caesarea
Development Corporation”).
The first lease agreement between the Kibbutz and the ILA has been extended through
2060. The second agreement between the Kibbutz and the ILA expired in late 2009, and in February 2017, the District Court approved a settlement
pursuant to which the Kibbutz and the ILA will enter into a new lease agreement for a period of 49 years, with an option to renew for
additional 49 years. Based on information we received from the Kibbutz, the parties are still in the process of finalizing the terms of
the lease agreement. Previous agreements between the Kibbutz and the ILA with respect to this property contained restrictions with respect
to the use of the property by the Kibbutz. We cannot assure you that our current use of the property and the rights granted to us by the
Kibbutz pursuant to the land use agreement will not provide the ILA with the right to terminate the rights of the Kibbutz to the property.
The lease agreement between the Kibbutz and the Caesarea Development Corporation permits
the Kibbutz to use the property for the community needs of the Kibbutz and is in effect until year 2037. Caesarea Development Corporation
charges the Kibbutz based on the use of the relevant portion of the property for industrial purposes, and thus, has provided recognition
to the Kibbutz’s use of such portion of the property for industrial purposes.
Each of the ILA and the Caesarea Development Corporation may terminate their respective
lease in certain circumstances, including if the Kibbutz breaches its agreements therewith, commences proceedings to disband or liquidate,
or in the event that the Kibbutz ceases to be organized as a “kibbutz” as defined in the lease (meaning, a registered cooperative
society classified as a kibbutz). If any of the leases and the rights of Kibbutz Sdot-Yam to use the properties described above terminate,
we may be unable to maintain our operations on these lands, which would have a materially adverse effect on our operations.
For more information on these agreements, see “ITEM 7.B: Major Shareholders
and Related Party Transactions—Related Party Transactions.”
Pursuant to certain agreements between us and
Kibbutz Sdot-Yam, we depend on Kibbutz Sdot-Yam with respect to leasing the buildings and areas of our manufacturing facilities in Israel,
acquiring new land as well as building additional facilities should we need them.
Our Bar-Lev facility is leased from the Kibbutz pursuant to a land purchase and leaseback
agreement effective as of September 1, 2012. The land purchase and leaseback agreement was simultaneously executed with a land use agreement
pursuant to which the Kibbutz permits us to use the site for a period of ten years with an automatic renewal for an additional ten years
unless we provide the Kibbutz two years’ advance notice that we do not wish to renew the lease. In 2021, the agreement was automatically
extended for an additional ten year period.
Our Sdot-Yam facility, located in the Kibbutz, is also leased from the Kibbutz, pursuant
to a land use agreement effective as of March 2012 for a period of 20 years. We may not terminate the operation of either of the two production
lines at our Sdot-Yam facility as long as we continue to operate production lines elsewhere in Israel. Additionally, our headquarters
must remain at the Kibbutz. As a result of these restrictions, our ability to reorganize our manufacturing operations and headquarters
in Israel is limited.
In addition, pursuant to the agreements we entered into with the Kibbutz with respect
to our Bar-Lev and Sdot-Yam facilities, in the event of a material change in the payments made by the Kibbutz to the ILA or the Caesarea
Development Corporation or changes in the market conditions, every three years the Kibbutz may appoint an independent appraiser to reassess
the fees we agreed to pay to the Kibbutz in light of such changes. If an independent appraiser concludes that the fees payable by us to
the Kibbutz for the Bar-Lev and Sdot-Yam facilities are below market, the Kibbutz can, in its sole discretion, adjust such fees to the
market value with a binding effect on us. Such appraisal took place during 2021, and resulted in an increase of the lease fees. See “—Other
factors impacting our results of operations— Agreements with Kibbutz Sdot-Yam .”
Pursuant to the land use agreements between us and the Kibbutz, subject to certain
exceptions, if we need additional facilities on the land that we are permitted to use under such land use agreements, then, subject to
obtaining the permits required by law, the Kibbutz will build such facilities for us by using the proceeds of a loan that we will make
to the Kibbutz, which loan shall be repaid to us by off-setting the additional monthly payment that we would pay for such new facilities
and, if not fully repaid during the lease term, upon termination thereof. As a result, we depend on the Kibbutz to build such facilities
in a timely manner. While the Kibbutz is responsible under the agreement for obtaining various licenses, permits, approvals and authorizations
necessary for our use of the property, with respect to our use of property in Sdot-Yam, we have waived any monetary recourse against the
Kibbutz for failure to receive such licenses, permits, approvals and authorizations.
If we are unable to renew our existing lease agreements with the Kibbutz in the future,
we may be required to move our Israeli facilities and headquarters to an alternate location. In addition, the Kibbutz may not be
able, in a timely manner, to purchase additional land or build additional facilities that we may require due to increased demand for our
products or obtain the necessary licenses or permits for existing or current property. This could result in increased costs, substantial
delays and disruptions to the manufacturing process, which could materially and adversely impact our reputation, revenues and results
of operations as well as other business aspects, such as our ability to serve our customers and meet the existing or increased demand
for our products. We may also suffer losses to the extent we have waived monetary recourse against the Kibbutz for failure to obtain licenses
and permits for some of our currently leased property. For more information with respect to our agreements with the Kibbutz, see “ITEM
7.B: Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions—Related Party Transactions.”
Regulators and other third parties may question
whether our agreements with Kibbutz Sdot-Yam are no less favorable to us than if they had been negotiated with unaffiliated third parties.
Our headquarters, research and development facilities and our two manufacturing facilities
in Israel are located on lands leased by the Kibbutz. We have entered into certain agreements with the Kibbutz pursuant to which the Kibbutz
provides us with, among other things, a portion of our labor force, electricity, maintenance, security and other services. We believe
that such services are rendered to us in the normal course of business and they represent at arms length terms. Nevertheless, a determination
with respect to such matters requires subjective judgments regarding valuations, and regulators and other third parties may question whether
our agreements with the Kibbutz are in the ordinary course of our business and are no less favorable to us than if they had been negotiated
with unaffiliated third parties. As a result, the tax treatment for these transactions may also be called into question, which could have
a materially adverse impact on our operating results and financial condition. See “ITEM 7.B: Major Shareholders and Related Party
Transactions—Related Party Transactions.”
Under Israeli law, our board, audit committee
and shareholders may be required to reapprove certain of our agreements with Kibbutz Sdot-Yam every three years, and their failure to
do so may expose us to liability and cause significant disruption to our business.
The Companies Law requires that the authorized corporate organs of a public company
approve every three years any extraordinary transaction in which a controlling shareholder has a personal interest and that has a term
of more than three years, unless a company’s audit committee determines, solely with respect to agreements that do not involve compensation
to a controlling shareholder or his or her relatives, in connection with services rendered by any of them to the company or their employment
with the company, that a longer term is reasonable under the circumstances. Our implementation of this requirement with respect to the
agreements entered between us and the Kibbutz may be challenged by regulators and other third parties.
Our audit committee has determined that the terms of all the agreements entered into
between us and the Kibbutz are reasonable under the relevant circumstances, except for the services agreement entered into between the
Kibbutz and us on July 20, 2011 (as amended). See “ITEM 7.B: Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions—Related Party
Transactions.” The extension of our services agreement with the Kibbutz have been approved in 2021 under the Companies Law requirements
and is subject to re-approval in 2024.
If the relevant corporate organs do not re-approve the services agreement in accordance
with the Companies Law, or if it is determined that re-approval of our other agreements with the Kibbutz is required every three years
and the re-approval is not obtained, we will be required to terminate such agreements, which may be considered a breach under the terms
of such agreements, and could expose us to damage claims and legal fees, and cause significant disruption to our business. In addition,
we would be required to find suitable replacements for the services provided to us by the Kibbutz under the services agreement, which
may take time, and we can provide no assurance that we can obtain the same or better terms with a third party than those we have agreed
to with the Kibbutz.
Risks Related to our Ordinary
Shares
We cannot provide any assurance regarding the
amount or timing of dividend payments
In February 2020, we revised our dividend policy to provide for a quarterly cash dividend
of up to 50% of reported net income attributable to controlling interest on a year-to-date basis, less any amount already paid as dividend
for the respective period (the “Calculated Dividend”), subject in each case to approval
by the Company’s board of directors. If the Calculated Dividend is less than $0.10 per share, no dividend shall be paid. In the
fourth quarter of 2020, we distributed a cash dividend in the amount of $0.14 per share, in the second quarter of 2021, we distributed
a cash dividend in the amount of $0.21 per share, in the fourth quarter of 2021, we distributed a cash dividend in the amount of $0.10
per share and in the third quarter of 2022, we distributed a cash dividend in the amount of $0.25 per share. Until 2021 each dividend
distribution was subject to withholding tax of 20%, in 2022, the dividend distribton was subject to withholding tax of 20.5%.
We cannot provide assurances regarding the amount or timing of any dividend payments
and may decide not to pay dividends in the future. The related withholding tax rate can vary in accordance with the local laws and jurisdictions
at the time of the dividend payment.
The price of our ordinary shares may be volatile.
The market price of our ordinary shares could be highly volatile and may fluctuate
substantially (as indeed occurred during 2022 and in previous years) as a result of many factors, including but not limited to (i) actual
or anticipated fluctuations in our results of operations; (ii) variance in our financial performance from the expectations of market analysts;
(iii) announcements by us or our competitors of significant business developments, changes in distributor relationships, acquisitions
or expansion plans; (iv) changes in the prices of our raw materials or the products we sell; (v) our involvement in litigation, specifically
for example, any adverse precedent set in Australia in connection with silica related claims; (vi) our sale of ordinary shares or other
securities in the future; (vii) market conditions in our industry; (viii) changes in key personnel; (ix) the trading volume of our ordinary
shares; (x) changes in the estimation of the future size and growth rate of our markets; (xi) changes in our board of directors, including
director resignations; (xii) actions of investors and shareholders, including short seller reports and proxy contests; and (xiii) general
economic and market conditions unrelated to our business or performance, such as increased shipping and handling markets. See also “—The
COVID-19 pandemic could further impact end-consumers and the global economy in general, lower demand for our products, disrupt our operations
and materially and adversely affect our business and results of operations”.
In the past, following periods of volatility in the market price of a company’s
securities, securities class action litigation has often been instituted against that company relating to the price of shares. We have
been in the past subject to a putative securities class action which was settled and covered by our insurance carriers. We cannot assure
you that in the future we may not be subject to further litigation or that it will be fully covered by our insurance carriers.
Our share price is impacted by reports from
research analysts, publicly announced financial guidance, investor perceptions and our ability to meet other expectations about our business.
The trading market for our ordinary shares relies in part on the research and reports
that equity research analysts publish about us and our business. During 2021, two analysts discontinued research coverage of our business.
If additional analysts do not establish research coverage, or if the current research analyst ceases coverage of our company or fails
to publish reports on our Company regularly, we could lose visibility in the market and demand for our shares may decline, which might
cause our share price and trading volume to decline.
The price of our ordinary shares could also decline if one or more securities analysts downgrade our ordinary
shares or if one or more of those analysts issue other unfavorable commentary. The market price for our ordinary shares has been in the
past, and may be in the future, materially and adversely affected by statements made in reports issued by short sellers regarding our
business model, our management and our financial accounting. In the past, we have also faced difficulty accurately projecting our earnings
and have missed certain of our publicly announced guidance. If our financial results for a period do not meet our guidance or if we reduce
our guidance for future periods, the market price of our ordinary shares may decline. We have experienced in the past, and may experience
in the future, a decline in the value of our shares as a result of the foregoing factors and the other various factors reflected in the
Item. For example during the forth quarter of 2022 our share price has dropped to an all time low of US$ 5.59 per Ordinary Share, and
has since remained below $7, and as of March 10, 2023 also below $5.
Environmental, social and governance (“ESG”)
and sustainability reporting is becoming more broadly expected by investors, shareholders and other third parties. We may face reputational
damage in the event our corporate responsibility initiatives or objectives do not meet the standards set by our investors, shareholders,
lawmakers, listing exchanges or other constituencies, or if we are unable to achieve an acceptable ESG or sustainability rating. A low
ESG or sustainability rating by a third-party rating service could also result in the exclusion of our ordinary shares from consideration
by certain investors. Ongoing focus on corporate responsibility matters by investors and other parties as described above may impose additional
costs or expose us to new risks. See also “—Failure to meet ESG expectations or standards or achieve our ESG goals could adversely
affect our business, results of operations, financial condition, or stock price.”
The substantial share ownership position of
Kibbutz Sdot-Yam and Tene will limit your ability to influence corporate matters.
As of March 10, 2023, the Kibbutz and Tene beneficially owned 14,029,494 ordinary
shares constituting 40.7% of our outstanding ordinary shares. As a result of this concentration of share ownership and their voting agreement
described above, the Kibbutz and Tene are considered controlling shareholders under the Israeli Companies Law, and, acting on their own
or together, will continue to have significant voting power on all matters submitted to our shareholders for approval. These matters include:
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the composition of our board of directors (other than external directors); |
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approving or rejecting a merger, consolidation or other business combination; and |
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amending our articles of association, which govern the rights attached to our ordinary shares. |
This concentration of ownership of our ordinary shares could delay or prevent proxy
contests initiated by other shareholders, mergers, tender offers, open-market purchase programs or other purchases of our ordinary shares
that might otherwise give you the opportunity to realize a premium over then-prevailing market price of our ordinary shares. The interests
of the Kibbutz or Tene may not always coincide with the interests of our other shareholders. This concentration of ownership may also
lead to proxy contests. For example, prior to the voting arrangement between Tene and the Kibbutz, in connection with our annual general
meeting of shareholders held in December 2015, the Kibbutz issued a proxy to our shareholders, in which it opposed the independent nominees
our board of directors proposed to nominate to the board and suggested two alternative nominees. Such initiatives, which may not coincide
with the interests of our other shareholders, result in us incurring unexpected costs and could divert our management’s time and
attention. This concentration of ownership may also materially and adversely affect our share price.
In recent years, Israeli issuers listed on securities exchanges in the United States
have also been faced with governance-related demands from activist shareholders, unsolicited tender offers and proxy contests. Responding
to these types of actions by activist shareholders could be costly and time-consuming for management and our employees and could disrupt
our operations or business model in a way that would interfere with our ability to execute our strategic plan.
As a foreign private issuer whose shares are
listed on the Nasdaq Global Select Market, we may follow certain home country corporate governance practices instead of certain Nasdaq
requirements.
As a foreign private issuer whose shares are listed on the Nasdaq Global Select Market,
we are permitted to follow certain home country corporate governance practices instead of certain requirements of the rules of Nasdaq.
As permitted under the Israeli Companies Law, our articles of association provide that the quorum for any ordinary meeting of shareholders
shall be the presence of at least two shareholders present in person, by proxy or by a voting instrument, who hold at least 25% of the
voting power of our shares instead of 33 1/3% of the issued share capital required under Nasdaq requirements. At an adjourned meeting,
any number of shareholders constitutes a quorum.
In the future, we may also choose to follow Israeli corporate governance practices
instead of Nasdaq requirements with regard to, among other things, the composition of our board of directors, compensation of officers
and director nomination procedures. In addition, we may choose to follow Israeli corporate governance practice instead of Nasdaq requirements
with respect to shareholder approval for certain dilutive events (such as for issuances that will result in a change of control of the
company, certain transactions other than a public offering involving issuances of a 20% or more interest in the company and certain acquisitions
of the stock or assets of another company) and for the adoption of, and material changes to, equity incentive plans. Accordingly, our
shareholders may not be afforded the same protection as provided under Nasdaq corporate governance rules. Following our home country governance
practices, as opposed to the requirements that would otherwise apply to a U.S. company listed on the Nasdaq Global Select Market, may
provide less protection than is accorded to investors of domestic issuers. See “ITEM 16G: Corporate Governance.”
As a foreign private issuer, we are not subject
to the provisions of Regulation FD or U.S. proxy rules and are exempt from filing certain Exchange Act reports.
As a foreign private issuer, we are exempt from the rules and regulations under the
Exchange Act related to the furnishing and content of proxy statements, and our officers, directors and principal shareholders are exempt
from the reporting and short-swing profit recovery provisions contained in Section 16 of the Exchange Act. In addition, we are not required
under the Exchange Act to file annual and current reports and financial statements with the SEC as frequently or as promptly as U.S. domestic
companies whose securities are registered under the Exchange Act, we are permitted to disclose limited compensation information for our
executive officers on an individual basis and we are generally exempt from filing quarterly reports with the SEC under the Exchange Act.
Moreover, we are not required to comply with Regulation FD, which restricts the selective disclosure of material nonpublic information
to, among others, broker-dealers and holders of a company’s securities under circumstances in which it is reasonably foreseeable
that the holder will trade in the company’s securities on the basis of the information. These exemptions and leniencies reduce the
frequency and scope of information and protections to which you may otherwise have been eligible in relation to a U.S. domestic issuer.
We would lose our foreign private issuer status if (a) a majority of our outstanding
voting securities were either directly or indirectly owned of record by residents of the United States and (b)(i) a majority of our executive
officers or directors were United States citizens or residents, (ii) more than 50% of our assets were located in the United States or
(iii) our business were administered principally in the United States. Our loss of foreign private issuer status would make U.S. regulatory
provisions mandatory. The regulatory and compliance costs to us under U.S. securities laws as a U.S. domestic issuer may be significantly
higher. If we are not a foreign private issuer, we will be required to file periodic reports and registration statements on U.S. domestic
issuer forms with the SEC, which are more detailed and extensive than the forms available to a foreign private issuer. We would also be
required to follow U.S. proxy disclosure requirements, including the requirement to disclose, under U.S. law, more detailed information
about the compensation of our senior executive officers on an individual basis. We may also be required to modify certain of our policies
to comply with accepted governance practices associated with U.S. domestic issuers. Such conversion and modifications will involve additional
costs. In addition, we would lose our ability to rely upon Nasdaq exemptions from certain corporate governance requirements that are available
to foreign private issuers.
The market price of our ordinary shares could
be negatively affected by future sales of our ordinary shares
As of March 10, 2023, we had 34,511,391 shares outstanding.
This included approximately 14,029,494 ordinary shares, or 40.7% of our outstanding ordinary shares, beneficially owned by the Kibbutz
and Tene, which can be resold into the public markets in accordance with the restrictions of Rule 144, including volume limitations, applicable
to resales by affiliates or holders of restricted securities.
Sales by us or by the Kibbutz, Tene or other large shareholders of a substantial number
of our ordinary shares in the public market, or the perception that these sales might occur, could cause the market price of our ordinary
shares to decline or could materially impair our ability to raise capital through a future sale of, or pay for acquisitions using, our
equity securities.
As of March 10, 2023, 2,113,715 ordinary shares were reserved for issuance under our 2011 option plan and
our 2020 Share Incentive Plan of which options to purchase 1,561,900 ordinary shares were outstanding, with a weighted average exercise
price of $14.3 per share, and 75,809 restricted stock units (“RSUs”) were outstanding.
To the extent they are covered by our registration statements on Form S-8, these shares may be freely sold in the public market upon issuance,
except for shares held by affiliates who have certain restrictions on their ability to sell.
Risks Relating to our
Incorporation and Location in Israel
If we fail to comply with Israeli law restrictions
concerning employment of Jewish employees on Saturdays and Jewish holidays, we and our office holders may be exposed to administrative
and criminal liabilities and our operational and financial results may be materially and adversely impacted.
We are subject to the Israeli Hours of Work and Rest Law, 1951 (“Rest
Law”), which imposes certain restriction on the employment terms and conditions of our employees. Among others, the Rest
Law prohibits the employment of Jewish employees on Saturdays and Jewish holidays, unless a permit is obtained from the IMEI. Employment
of Jewish employees on such days without a permit constitutes a violation of the Rest Law. We received a permit from the IMEI to employ
Jewish employees on Saturdays and Jewish holidays in connection with most of the production machinery in our Sdot-Yam facility, effective
until December 30, 2024. There is no assurance that we will be able to maintain such permit while we do not actually employ Jewish employees
on Saturdays, or, if cancelled by the IMEI, that we will be able to obtain such permit in the future. If we fail to obtain such permit
in the future or if we are deemed to be in any violation of the Rest Law, we may be required to halt operations of our manufacturing facilities
on Saturdays and Jewish holidays, we and our officers may be exposed to administrative and criminal liabilities, including fines, and
our ability to utilize our Sdot-Yam facility and therefore our operational and financial results could be materially and adversely impacted.
Conditions in Israel could materially and adversely
affect our business.
We are incorporated under Israeli law and our principal offices and two of our manufacturing
facilities (Sdot-Yam and Bar-Lev) are located in Israel. Accordingly, political, economic and military conditions in Israel directly affect
our business. Since the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, a number of armed conflicts have occurred between Israel and its
neighboring countries. These conflicts involved missile strikes against civilian targets in various parts of Israel including most recently,
central Israel, and negatively affected business conditions in Israel as well as home starts and the building industry in Israel.
Our facilities are in range of rockets that may be fired from Lebanon, Syria or the
Gaza Strip into Israel. In the event that our facilities are damaged as a result of hostile action or hostilities otherwise disrupt the
ongoing operation of our facilities, our ability to deliver products to customers could be materially and adversely affected. Our commercial
insurance in Israel covers losses that may occur as a result of acts of war or terrorist attacks on our facilities and disruption to the
ongoing operations for damages of up to $40 million, if such damages are not covered by the Israeli government, which in certain cases
covers direct damages caused by terrorist attacks or acts of war. Even if insurance is maintained and adequate, we cannot assure you that
it will reduce or prevent any losses that may occur as a result of such actions or will be exercised in a timely manner to meet our contractual
obligations with customers and vendors.
In addition, popular uprisings in various countries in the Middle East and North Africa
have affected the political stability of those countries. Such instability may lead to deterioration in the political and trade relationships
that exist between the State of Israel and these countries, such as Turkey, from which we import a significant amount of our raw materials.
Moreover, some countries around the world restrict doing business with Israel and Israeli companies, and additional countries may impose
restrictions on doing business with Israel and Israeli companies if hostilities in Israel or political instability in the region continues
or increases. These restrictions may limit materially our ability to obtain raw materials from these countries or sell our products to
companies and customers in these countries. In addition, there have been increased efforts by activists to cause companies and consumers
to boycott Israeli goods. Such efforts, particularly if they become more widespread, may materially and adversely impact our ability to
sell our products out of Israel.
Our employees in Israel, generally males, including executive officers, may be called
upon to perform military service on an annual basis until they reach the age of 40 (and in some cases, up to 45 or 49). In emergency circumstances,
they could be called to immediate and prolonged active duty. Our operations could be disrupted by the absence of a significant number
of our employees related to military service or the absence for extended periods of one or more of our key employees for military service.
Such disruption could materially and adversely affect our business and results of operations. Additionally, the absence of a significant
number of the employees of our Israeli suppliers and contract manufacturers related to military service may disrupt their operations,
in which event our ability to deliver products to customers may be materially and adversely affected.
Any hostilities involving Israel or the interruption or curtailment of trade between
Israel and its present trading partners, or a significant downturn in the economic or financial condition of Israel, could materially
and adversely affect our operations and product development, cause our revenues to decrease and materially harm the share price of publicly
traded companies with operations in Israel, such as us.
The proposed reform in Israel's judicial system
and the resulting extensive public protests and potential impact on financial markets in Isarel may have an adverse effect on our business,
our brand perception, our operational results
The Israeli government is currently pursuing extensive reform to Israel’s judicial
system which has sparked intense political debate. In response to the foregoing developments, many individuals, organizations and institutions,
both within and outside of Israel, have voiced concerns that the proposed changes and/or the public reaction to the reform, may negatively
impact the business environment in Israel and our brand perception abroad, including due to reluctance of foreign investors or consumers
to invest or transact business in or with Israel as well as to increased currency fluctuations, downgrades in credit rating, increased
interest rates, increased volatility in security markets, and other changes in macroeconomic conditions. To the extent that any of these
negative developments do occur, they may have an adverse effect on our business, and our financial results.
Our operations may be affected by negative
economic conditions or labor unrest in Israel.
General strikes or work stoppages, including at Israeli seaports, have occurred periodically
or have been threatened in the past by Israeli trade unions due to labor disputes. These general strikes or work stoppages may have a
materially adverse effect on the Israeli economy and on our business, including our ability to deliver products to our customers and to
receive raw materials from our suppliers in a timely manner. These general strikes or work stoppages, in Israel or in other countries
where we, our subsidiaries, suppliers and distributors operate, may prevent us from shipping raw materials and equipment required for
our production and shipping our products by sea or otherwise to our customers, which could have a materially adverse effect on our results
of operations. Specifically, our Israeli operations are highly dependent on the free exchanges of goods (whether raw material into Israel
or finished product export), a trade that is made possible through a limited number of seaports in Israel. Current pressures experienced
by Israeli ports, planned governmental reforms and dock workers unions responses could lead to strikes or other disruptions in the ports
operations could affect our ability to operate out Israeli facilities or our export our product, which could have a materially adverse
effect on our results of operations.
Since none of our employees work under any collective bargaining agreements, extension
orders issued by the IMEI apply to us and affect matters such as cost of living adjustments to salaries, length of working hours and work
week, recuperation pay, travel expenses, and pension rights. Any labor disputes over such matters could result in a work stoppage or strikes
by employees that could delay or interrupt our output of products. Any strike, work stoppages or interruption in manufacturing could result
in a failure to meet contractual obligations or in delays, including in our ability to manufacture and deliver products to our customers
in a timely manner, and could have a materially adverse effect on our relationships with our distributors and on our financial results.
If a union of our employees is formed in the future, we may enter into a collective
bargaining agreement with our employees, which may increase our costs and limit our managerial freedom, and if we are unable to reach
a collective bargaining agreement, we may become subject to strikes and work stoppages, all of which may materially and adversely affect
our business.
The tax benefits that are available to us require
us to continue to meet various conditions and may be terminated or reduced in the future, which could increase our costs and taxes
Our Israeli facilities have been granted “Preferred Enterprise” status
by the Israeli Authority for Investment and Development of the Industry and Economy (“Investment
Center”), which provides us with investment grants (in respect of certain Approved Enterprise programs) and makes us eligible
for tax benefits under the Investment Law.
In order to remain eligible for the tax benefits of a “Preferred Enterprise”
we must continue to meet certain conditions stipulated in the Investment Law and its regulations, as amended, and in certificates of approval
issued by the Investment Center (in respect of Approved Enterprise programs), which may include, among other things, selling more than
25% of our products to markets of over 14 million residents in 2012 (such export criteria will further be increased in the future by 1.4%
per annum) in a specific tax year, making specified investments in fixed assets and equipment, financing a percentage of those investments
with our capital contributions, filing certain reports with the Investment Center, complying with provisions regarding intellectual property
and the criteria set forth in the specific certificate of approval issued by the Investment Center or the ITA. If we do not meet these
requirements, the tax benefits could be canceled and we could be required to refund any tax benefits and investment grants that we received
in the past adjusted to the Israeli consumer price index and interest, or other monetary penalties. Further, in the future, these tax
benefits may be reduced or discontinued. If these tax benefits are cancelled, our Israeli taxable income would be subject to regular Israeli
corporate tax rates. The standard corporate tax rate for Israeli companies has been 23% since 2018.
Effective as of January 1, 2011, the Investment Law was amended (“Amendment
No. 68” or the “2011 Amendment”). Under Amendment No. 68, the criteria
for receiving tax benefits were revised. In the future, we may not be eligible to receive additional tax benefits under this law. The
termination or reduction of these tax benefits would increase our tax liability, which would reduce our profits. Additionally, if we increase
our activities outside of Israel through acquisitions, for example, our expanded activities might not be eligible to be included in future
Israeli tax benefit programs. We may lose all our tax benefits in Israel in the event that our manufacturing operations outside of Israel
exceed certain production levels (currently set at 50% of the overall production and subject to future changes by the ITA). We do not
foresee such circumstances as probable in the coming years. From 2017 onward, our current Preferred, the tax rate for the portion of our
income related to the Bar-Lev manufacturing facility was reduced to 7.5% and Sdot-Yam tax rate 16%.
Historically, some portions of income were tax exempt, but that is no longer the case.
In the event of a distribution of a dividend from the tax-exempt income described above, we will be subject to tax at the corporate tax
rate applicable to our Approved Enterprise’s and Beneficiary Enterprise’s income on the amount distributed (grossed-up to
reflect the pre-tax income that it would have had to earn in order to distribute the dividend) in accordance with the effective corporate
tax rate that would have been applied had we not relied on the exemption. In addition to the reduced tax rate, a distribution of income
attributed to an “Approved Enterprise” and a “Beneficiary Enterprise” will be subject to 15% withholding tax (or
a reduced rate under an applicable double tax treaty, subject to the receipt in advance of a valid certificate from the ITA allowing for
a reduced tax rate). As for a “Preferred Enterprise,” dividends are generally subject to 20% withholding tax from 2014 (or
a reduced rate under an applicable double tax treaty, subject to the receipt in advance of a valid certificate from the ITA allowing for
a reduced tax rate). However, because we announced our election to apply the provisions of Amendment No. 68 prior to June 30, 2015, we
will be entitled to distribute exempt income generated by any Approved/Beneficiary Enterprise to our Israeli corporate shareholders tax
free (See “ITEM 10.E: Additional Information—Taxation—Israeli tax considerations and government programs—Law for
the Encouragement of Capital Investments, 1959”).
The amendment to the Investment Law stipulated that investments in subsidiaries, including
in the form of acquisitions of subsidiaries from an unrelated party, may also be considered as a deemed dividend distribution event, increasing
the risk of triggering a deemed dividend distribution event and potential tax exposure. The ITA’s interpretation is that this provision
applies retroactively to investments and acquisitions made prior to the amendment.
It may be difficult to enforce a U.S. judgment
against us, our officers and directors in Israel or the United States, or to assert U.S. securities laws claims in Israel or serve process
on our officers and directors.
We are incorporated in Israel. Other than one director, none of our directors, or
our independent registered public accounting firm, is a resident of the United States. None of our executive officers is resident in the
United States. The majority of our assets and the assets of these persons are located outside the United States. Therefore, it may be
difficult for an investor, or any other person or entity, to enforce a U.S. court judgment based upon the civil liability provisions of
the U.S. federal securities laws against us or any of these persons in a U.S. or Israeli court, or to effect service of process upon these
persons in the United States. Additionally, it may be difficult for an investor, or any other person or entity, to assert U.S. securities
law claims in original actions instituted in Israel. Israeli courts may refuse to hear a claim based on a violation of U.S. securities
laws on the grounds that Israel is not the most appropriate forum in which to bring such a claim. Even if an Israeli court agrees to hear
a claim, it may determine that Israeli law and not U.S. law is applicable to the claim. If U.S. law is found to be applicable, the content
of applicable U.S. law must be proved as a fact, which can be a time-consuming and costly process. Certain matters of procedure will also
be governed by Israeli law. There is little binding case law in Israel addressing the matters described above.
Your rights and responsibilities as our shareholder
will be governed by Israeli law which may differ in some respects from the rights and responsibilities of shareholders of United States
corporations.
Since we are incorporated under Israeli law, the rights and responsibilities of our
shareholders are governed by our articles of association and Israeli law. These rights and responsibilities differ in some respects from
the rights and responsibilities of shareholders in U.S.-based corporations. In particular, a shareholder of an Israeli company has a duty
to act in good faith and in a customary manner in exercising its rights and performing its obligations towards the company and other shareholders
and to refrain from abusing its power in the company, including, among other things, in voting at the general meeting of shareholders
on certain matters, such as an amendment to the company’s articles of association, an increase of the company’s authorized
share capital, a merger of the company and approval of related party transactions that require shareholder approval. A shareholder also
has a general duty to refrain from discriminating against other shareholders. In addition, a controlling shareholder or a shareholder
who knows that it possesses the power to determine the outcome of a shareholders’ vote or to appoint or prevent the appointment
of an office holder in the company or has another power with respect to the company, has a duty to act in fairness towards the company.
However, Israeli law does not define the substance of this duty of fairness. See “ITEM 6.C: Directors, Senior Management and Employees—Board
Practices—Board Practices—Fiduciary duties and approval of specified related party transactions under Israeli law—Duties
of shareholders.” Additionally, the parameters and implications of the provisions that govern shareholder behavior have not been
clearly determined by the Israeli courts. These provisions may be interpreted to impose additional obligations and liabilities on our
shareholders that are not typically imposed on shareholders of United States corporations.
Provisions of Israeli law may delay, prevent
or make undesirable a merger transaction, or an acquisition of all or a significant portion of our shares.
Israeli corporate law regulates mergers by mandating certain procedures and voting
requirements and requires that a tender offer be affected when more than a specified percentage of shares in a company are purchased.
Further, Israeli tax considerations may make potential transactions undesirable to us or to some of our shareholders whose country of
residence does not have a tax treaty with Israel granting tax relief to such shareholders from Israeli tax. With respect to mergers, Israeli
tax law allows for tax deferral in certain circumstances but makes the deferral contingent on the fulfillment of numerous conditions,
including a holding period of two years from the date of the transaction during which certain sales and dispositions of shares of the
participating companies are restricted. Moreover, with respect to certain share swap transactions, the tax deferral is limited in time,
and when such time expires, the tax becomes payable even if no actual disposition of the shares has occurred. See “ITEM 10.B: Additional
Information—Memorandum and Articles of Association—Acquisitions under Israeli law.”
Under Israeli law, our two external directors have terms of office of three years,
and may serve up to three terms. Our current external directors have been elected by our shareholders to serve for a three-year term commencing
December 1, 2020.
These provisions of Israeli law could have the effect of delaying or preventing a
change in control and may make it more difficult for a third party to acquire us or our shareholders to elect different individuals to
our board of directors, even if doing so would be beneficial to our shareholders, and may limit the price that investors may be willing
to pay in the future for our ordinary shares.
If we are considered a “monopoly”
under Israeli law, we could be subject to certain restrictions that may limit our ability to freely conduct our business to which our
competitors may not be subject.
Under the Israeli Economic Competition law (formerly, the Restrictive Trade Practices
Law, 1988) (the “Israeli Competition Law”), a company that either supplies more than
50% of any asset or service in a specific market in Israel or, in some cases, in a specific geographical area in Israel, or holds market
power in a relevant market, is deemed to be a monopoly. The determination of monopoly status depends on an analysis of the relevant product
or service market, but it does not require a positive declaration, and the status is achieved by virtue of such market share threshold
being crossed or the existence of market power.
Depending on the analysis and the definition of the relevant product market in which
we operate, we may be deemed to be a “monopoly” under Israeli law. Under the Israeli Competition Law, a monopoly is prohibited
from participating in certain business practices, including unreasonably refusing to provide the relevant product or service, or abuse
of market power by means of discriminating between similar transactions or charging what are considered to be unfair prices, and from
engaging in certain other practices. The Israeli Competition Commissioner may determine that a company that is a monopoly has abused its
position in the market and may subsequently order such company to change its conduct in matters that may materially and adversely affect
the public, including imposing business restrictions on a company determined to be a monopoly and giving instructions with respect to
the prices charged by the monopoly. If we are indeed deemed to be a monopoly and the Commissioner finds that we have abused our position
in the market by taking anticompetitive actions and using anti-competitive practices, such as those described above, it would serve as
prima facie evidence in private actions and class actions against us alleging that we have engaged
in anti-competitive behavior. Furthermore, the Commissioner may order us to take or refrain from taking certain actions, which could limit
our ability to freely conduct our business. Violations of the Israeli Competition Law can constitute a criminal offence, may lead to civil
claims, administrative penalties and may expose a company to class actions.
Sales in Israel accounted for approximately 5.3% of our revenues in 2022. We
have a significant market position in certain jurisdictions outside of Israel and cannot assure you that we are not, or will not become,
subject to the laws relating to the use of dominant product positions in particular countries, which laws could limit our business practices
and our ability to consummate acquisitions.
General Risk Factors
If we do not manage our inventory effectively,
our results of operations could be materially adversely affected.
We must manage our inventory effectively in order to meet the demand for our products.
If our forecasts for any Specific Stock Keeping Unit (“SKU”) exceed actual demand,
we could experience excess inventory, resulting in increased logistic costs. If we ultimately determine that we have excess inventory,
we may have to reduce our prices and write-down inventory which could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and
results of operations. If we have insufficient inventory levels, we may not be able to respond to the market demand for our products,
resulting in reduced sales and market share.
Our limited resources and significant competition
for business combination or acquisition opportunities may make it difficult for us to complete a combination or acquisition, and any combination
or acquisition that we complete may disrupt our business and fail to achieve our intended objectives.
We have in the past and intend to continue growing our business through a combination
of organic growth and acquisitions. For more information, see “ITEM 4: Information on the Company—History and Development
of the Company—Our History.” While we believe there are a number of target businesses we might consider acquiring, including,
in certain instances, our distributors, manufacturers of quartz surfaces and other surfaces like Porcelain, we may be unable to persuade
those targets of the benefits of a combination or acquisition. Our ability to compete with respect to a combination with or acquisition
of certain larger target businesses will be determined by, among other factors, our available financial resources. This inherent competitive
limitation may give others an advantage in pursuing such combinations or acquisitions.
Any combination or acquisition that we effect will be accompanied by several risks,
including, but not limited to:
|
• |
the difficulty of integrating the operations and personnel of the acquired business; |
|
• |
the potential disruption of our ongoing business; |
|
• |
the potential distraction of management; |
|
• |
expenses related to the acquisition; |
|
• |
potential unknown liabilities associated with acquired businesses; |
|
• |
challenges integrating completed combinations or acquisitions in an efficient and timely manner; and |
|
• |
failure to realize the expected synergies or benefits in connection with a future combination or acquisition. |
If we are not successful in completing combinations or acquisitions that we pursue
in the future, we may incur substantial expenses and devote significant management time and resources without a successful result. Acquisitions
which may include the expansion of our business into new products, like Porcelain, and new applications, could distract the attention
of management, impose high expenses and investments and expose our business to additional risks. Such acquisitions carry further risks
associated with the entry into new business lines in which we do not have prior experience, and there can be no assurance that any such
business expansion would be successful. In addition, future combinations or acquisitions could require the use of substantial portions
of our available cash, incur significant debt that could impact the way that we run our business, or result in dilutive issuances of securities.
For more information, see “—Fully integrating Lioli’s and Omicron’s businesses may be more difficult, costly and
time-consuming than expected, which may adversely affect our results of operations and the value of our common shares” and “—In
addition to our traditional engineered quartz offering, we have commenced manufacturing of porcelain products and sales of porcelain,
natural stone and other materials, and may pursue a further expansion of our product offering, including introducing new products and
materials, which may be unsuccessful, and may divert management’s attention and negatively affect our margins and results of operations.”
These factors could each adversely impact our share price and, additionally, our share price may be adversely impacted if the market assesses
that we overpaid for a particular acquisition.
We depend on our senior management team and
other skilled and experienced personnel to operate our business effectively, and the loss of any of these individuals could materially
and adversely affect our business and our future financial condition or results of operations.
We are dependent on the skills and experience of our senior management team and other skilled and experienced
personnel. These individuals possess strategic, managerial, sales, marketing, operational, manufacturing, logistical, financial and administrative
skills that are important to the operation of our business. There have been, and from time to time, there may continue to be, changes
in our management team resulting from the hiring or departure of executives and key employees, or the transition of executives
within our business. For example, Mr. Yos Shiran will begin serving as our new Chief Executive Officer, replacing
Yuval Dagim on March 16, 2023. Such types changes and transitions in our executive management team may divert resources and focus away
from the operation of our business. Furthermore during the majority part of 2022 we experienced a continued trend of high turnover in
some sites and professions. Although this turnover is lower that the post Covid-19 labor market we experienced in 2021, it is still higher
than previous years.
Retention of institutional knowledge and the ability to attract, motivate and retain
personnel, as well as the ability to successfully onboard our senior management as a team comprised of several new members, are crucial
for implementing our business strategy, without which our business and our future financial condition or results of operations could suffer
materially and adversely. We do not carry key man insurance with respect to any of our executive officers or other employees. We cannot
assure you that we will be able to retain all our existing senior management personnel and key personnel or to attract additional qualified
personnel when needed.
The market for qualified personnel is competitive in the geographies in which we operate.
Moreover, the COVID-19 pandemic has also caused a shift to virtual or hybrid recruiting and employment, which has increased the difficulty
in timely attracting new employees, integrating and introducing them into our corporate culture and retaining them for the longer term.
Companies with whom we compete have expended and will likely continue to expend more resources than we do on employee recruitment and
are often better able to offer more favorable compensation and incentive packages than we can. We seek to retain and motivate existing
personnel through our compensation practices, company culture, and career development opportunities. If we are unable to attract
and retain qualified personnel when and where they are needed, our ability to operate and grow our business could be impaired. Moreover,
if we are not able to properly balance investment in personnel with sales, our profitability may be adversely affected.
In addition, factors beyond our control may damage or disrupt the ability of our senior
management or key employees to perform their critical roles in the Company.
Labor shortages and increased turnover or increases in employee
and employee-related costs could have adverse effects on our profitability.
While we have historically experienced some level of ordinary course turnover of employees,
the COVID-19 pandemic and resulting actions and impacts have exacerbated labor shortages and increased turnover also in 2022, albeit to
a lesser degree than it was in 2021. A number of factors have had and may continue to have adverse effects on the labor force available
to us, including reduced employment pools, unemployment subsidies, including unemployment benefits offered in response to the COVID-19
pandemic, and other government regulations, which include laws and regulations related to workers’ health and safety, and wage and
hour practices. Labor shortages and increased turnover rates within our team members have led to and could in the future lead to increased
costs, such as increased overtime to meet demand and increased wage rates to attract and retain employees and could negatively affect
our ability to efficiently operate our production facilities or otherwise operate at full capacity. An overall or prolonged labor shortage,
lack of skilled labor, increased turnover or labor inflation could have a material adverse impact on our operations, results of operations,
liquidity or cash flows.
ITEM 4:
Information on the Company
A. |
History and Development of the Company |
Our History
Caesarstone Ltd. was founded in 1987 and incorporated in 1989 in the State of Israel.
We began as a leading manufacturer of high-end engineered surfaces used primarily as countertops in residential and commercial buildings,
and are now a multi material designer, producer and reseller of countertops. We design, develop produce and source engineered quartz,
natural stone and porcelain products that offer aesthetic appeal and functionality through a distinct variety of colors, styles, textures,
and finishes used primarily as countertops, vanities, and other interior and exterior spaces.
Our products are currently sold in over 50 countries through a combination of direct
sales in certain markets performed by our subsidiaries and indirectly through a network of independent distributors in other markets.
We acquired the businesses of our former Australian, Canadian, U.S. and Singaporean distributors, and established such businesses within
our own subsidiaries in such countries. On July 2022, we also acquired our distributor in Sweden and established Caesarstone Scandinavia.
In March 2012, we listed our shares on the Nasdaq Global Select Market. In 2017, we started selling our products in the U.K. directly
through our U.K. subsidiary, Caesarstone (UK) Ltd. In December 2020, we acquired Omicron, a premier stone supplier which operated several
locations across Florida, Ohio, Michigan and Louisiana. We now generate a substantial portion of our revenues in the United States, Australia
and Canada from direct distribution of our products. In addition, in October 2020, we acquired a majority stake in Lioli, an India-based
producer of porcelain slabs, which also sells its porcelain products in India and other markets.
We are a company limited by shares organized under the laws of the State of Israel.
We are registered with the Israeli Registrar of Companies in Jerusalem. Our registration number is 51-143950-7. Our principal executive
offices are located at Kibbutz Sdot-Yam, MP Menashe, 3780400, Israel, and our telephone number is +972 (4) 610-9368. We have irrevocably
appointed Caesarstone USA as our agent for service of process in any action against us in any United States federal or state court. The
address of Caesarstone USA is 1401 W. Morehead Street, Suite 100, Charlotte, NC, 28208. The SEC maintains an internet site at http:/www.sec.gov
that contains reports and other information regarding issues that file electronically with the SEC. Our securities filings, including
this annual report and the exhibits thereto, are available on the SEC’s website. For more information about us, our website is www.caesarstone.com.
The information contained in, or connected with, our SEC filings on the SEC internet site and our website shall not be deemed to be incorporated
by reference in this annual report.
Principal Capital Expenditures
Our capital expenditures for fiscal years 2022, 2021 and 2020 amounted to $17.8 million,
$31.5 million and $19.8 million, respectively. The majority of our investment activities have historically been related to the purchase
of manufacturing equipment and components for our production lines. For additional information on our capital expenditures, see “ITEM
5.B: Liquidity and Capital Resources–Capital expenditures.”
Recent Developments
Appointment of Mr. Yos Shiran as Chief Executive Officer
On March 9, 2023, the Company announced that Mr. Yos Shiran was appointed
as our Chief Executive Officer effective as of March 16, 2023, assuming the role held by Mr. Yuval Dagim since 2018. Mr. Shiran has over
25 years of CEO experience, for both private and publicly traded companies, including serving as our Chief Executive Officer from January
2009 until August 2016. Prior to Mr. Shiran’s current appointment, he served as co-founder and chief executive officer of SENSEQ
Ltd. from September 2016, founder and CEO of Elight Ltd. from January 2020 and co-founder and chairman of the board of Inflow Ltd. from
January 2021. Before his initial term as Chief Executive Officer of the Company, Mr. Shiran was the chief executive officer and director
of Tefron Ltd. (NYSE: TFR) from January 2001 until August 2008, and prior thereto served as chief executive officer of Technoplast Industries
Ltd. from February 1995 until December 2000. Mr. Shiran has a B.Sc. in industrial engineering from Ben-Gurion University, Israel, and
an MBA from Bar-Ilan University, Israel.
In accordance with the requirements set forth under the Israeli Companies Law, Mr.
Shiran’s compensatory arrangement with the Company remains subject to the approval of the shareholders of the Company, which we
intend to pursue in the near term. Mr. Dagim intends to assist Mr. Shiran in order to ensure business continuity and a smooth transition
in connection with Mr. Shiran’s new role.
We are a multi material designer, producer and reseller of countertops used in residential
and commercial buildings globally. The global countertop industry generated approximately $160.6 billion in sales to end consumers in
2022 based on average installed price, which includes fabrication, installation and other service related costs, as per the following
charts:
The majority of our sales are at the wholesale level to fabricators and distributors
and exclude fabrication, installation and other service related costs.
The engineered quartz countertop is a growing category in the countertop market and
continues to take market share from other materials, such as granite, manufactured solid surfaces and laminate. Between 1999 and 2022,
global engineered quartz sales to end-consumers grew at a compound annual growth rate of 16.2% compared to a 6.0% compound annual growth
rate in total global countertop sales to end-consumers during the same period. In 2022, we successfully launched the marketing and sales
of porcelain countertops under the Caesarstone brand following the Lioli Acquisition. Porcelain represents one of the fastest growing
categories in the global countertop market and between 2016 and 2022, the porcelain sales to end-consumers grew at a compound annual growth
rate of 36%.
In recent years, quartz penetration rate, by volume, other than in Israel, increased in our key markets,
as detailed in the following chart:
Quartz penetration in our key markets
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For the year ended December 31, |
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Region |
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|
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
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United States |
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21 |
% |
|
|
20 |
% |
|
|
14 |
% |
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8 |
% |
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|
6 |
% |
Australia (not including New Zealand) |
|
|
48 |
% |
|
|
47 |
% |
|
|
45 |
% |
|
|
39 |
% |
|
|
35 |
% |
Canada |
|
|
27 |
% |
|
|
28 |
% |
|
|
24 |
% |
|
|
18 |
% |
|
|
12 |
% |
Israel (*) |
|
|
53 |
% |
|
|
67 |
% |
|
|
87 |
% |
|
|
86 |
% |
|
|
85 |
% |
(*) In Israel, quartz lost market share mainly to porcelain, which increased its market share from a de-minimis
rate in 2016 to over 34% in 2022.
Our products consist primarily of engineered quartz, natural stone and porcelain slabs
that are currently sold in over 50 countries through a combination of direct sales in certain markets and indirectly through a network
of independent distributors in other markets. Our products are primarily used as indoor & outdoor kitchen countertops in the renovation
and remodeling and residential construction end markets. Other applications for our products include vanity tops, back splashes, furniture,
and other interior and exterior surfaces that are used in a variety of residential and non-residential applications. High quality engineered
quartz offers durability, non-porous characteristics, superior scratch, stains and heat resistance levels, making it durable and ideal
for kitchen and other applications relative to competing products such as granite, manufactured solid surfaces and laminate. Porcelain
is characterized by its hardness and its stain resistance, as well as extreme heat and UV resistance. Through our design and manufacturing
processes we can offer a wide variety of colors, styles, designs and textures.
From 2010 to 2022, our revenue grew at a compound annual growth rate of 10.9%. From 2021 to 2022, our revenue
increased at an annual rate of 7.3%. In 2022, we generated revenue of $690.8 million, net loss of $57.1 million attributable to controlling
interest, which included a one time non-cash impairment charge of $71.3 million, adjusted EBITDA of $51.9 million and adjusted net income
attributable to controlling interest of $10.6 million. Adjusted EBITDA and adjusted net income attributable to controlling interest are
non-GAAP financial measures. See “ITEM 8.B: Business Overview—Non-GAAP Financial Measures” below for a description of
how we define adjusted EBITDA and adjusted net income attributable to controlling interest and reconciliations of net income to adjusted
EBITDA and net income attributable to controlling interest to adjusted net income attributable to controlling interest.
Our Products
Our products are generally marketed under the Caesarstone brand. Currently, our porcelain
products manufactured in India are marketed either under the Caesarstone brand, mainly for counter-top applications in selected markets,
and under the existing Lioli brand mainly for flooring and cladding applications. Most of our stone and Porcelain products are installed
as countertops in residential kitchens. Other applications of our products include vanity tops, back splashes, and exterior surfaces.
In addition, we sell natural stone, sinks and various ancillary fabrication tools and materials. Our standard size engineered quartz slabs,
constituting the majority of our products measure 120 inches long by 56 1/2 inches wide, and 131 1/2 inches long by 64 1/2 inches wide
for the jumbo slabs, with a thickness of 1/2 of an inch, 3/4 of an inch or 1 1/4 inches, and 3/4 of an inch or 1 1/4 inches for the jumbo
slabs. On average engineered quartz surfaces are comprised on average of 85% quartz blended with polyester, and pigments. Our engineered
quartz products’ composition gives them superior strength and resistance levels to heat impact, scratches, cracks, and chips. Polyester,
which acts as a binding agent in our engineered quartz products, make such products non-porous and highly resistant to stains. Pigments
act as a dyeing agent to vary our products’ colors and patterns. Our standard size porcelain countertop slabs measure 126 inches
long by 63 inches wide, 94.5 inches long by 47 inches wide and 47 inches by 47 inches mm, with a thickness of 1/2 inches, 1/3 inches
and 1/4 inches, in a range of matt and polished finishes. Porcelain surfaces are typically comprised of clay minerals, natural minerals,
and additives, and offer non-porous characteristics as well as scratch and heat resistance.
We design our products with a wide range of colors, finishes, textures, thicknesses,
and physical properties, which help us meet the different functional and aesthetic demands of end-consumers. Our designs range from fine-grained
patterns to coarse-grained color blends with a variegated visual texture. Through offering new designs, we capitalize on Caesarstone’s
brand name and foster our position as a leading innovator in the counter-top space.
Our product offerings consist of a few collections (classico, Supernatural, Metropolitan,
Outdoor and recently Porcelain)), each of which is designed to have a distinct aesthetic appeal. We use a multi-tiered pricing model across
our products and within each product collection ranging from lower price points to higher price points. Each product collection is designed,
branded, and marketed with the goal of reinforcing our products’ premium quality.
We introduced our original product collection, Classico, in 1987, and today, this
collection still generates more revenue than our other collections. Launched in 2012, our Supernatural collection, which is marketed as
specialty high-end, offers designs inspired by natural stone and which are manufactured using proprietary technology. In 2018, we launched
our new Metropolitan collection, inspired by the rough and unpolished textures found in industrial architecture. In 2020, we introduced
our Outdoor collection, an innovative product category, which comprises stain resistant, easy-to-clean surfaces, made of a highly durable
material, proven to withstand UV-rays and the most extreme environmental conditions over a long term, intended for use in outdoor cooking
spaces. Following the Lioli Aqcuisition we began offering porclain products as well for countertop as well as flooring and cladding aplications.
We regularly introduce new colors and designs to our product collections based on
consumer trends. We offer over 70 different colors of quartz products, with five textures and three thicknesses generally available for
each collection.
In 2018, we began to offer porcelain slabs sourced through OEMs and following the
Lioli Acquisition, from Lioli as well.
In addition, following the Omicron Acquisition, we now offer to our customers in the
United States resale of natural stone, as well as various ancillaries and fabrication and installation accessories.
A key focus of our product development is a commitment to substantiating our claim
of our products’ superior quality, strength, and durability. Our products undergo ongoing tests for durability and flexural strength
internally by our internal laboratory operations group and by external accreditation laboratories and organizations. Products in our portfolio
are accredited by organizations overseeing safety, Food contact and environment performance, such as the NSF International and GREENGUARD
Indoor Air Quality. Generally, our products support green building projects and allow contractors to receive Leadership in Energy and
Design (“LEED”) points for projects incorporating our products.
Distribution
Our four largest markets based on sales are currently the United States, Australia
(including New Zealand), Canada and Israel. In 2022, sales of our products in these markets accounted for 49.5%, 16.8%, 13.5% and 5.3%
of our revenues, respectively. Total sales in these markets accounted for 85.2% of our revenues in 2022. For a breakdown of revenues by
geographic market for the last three fiscal years, see “ITEM 5.A: Operating Results and Financial Review and Prospects—Operating
Results.”
Direct Markets
We currently have direct sales channels in the United States, Australia, Canada, Israel,
the United Kingdom (“U.K.”), Sweden (Scandinavia), and Singapore. Our direct sales
channels allow us to maintain greater control over the entire sales channel within a market. As a result, we gain greater insight into
market trends, receive feedback more readily from end-consumers, fabricators, architects and designers regarding new developments in tastes
and preferences, and have greater control over inventory management. Our subsidiaries’ warehouses in each of these countries maintain
inventories of our products and are connected to each subsidiary’s sales department. We supply our products primarily to fabricators,
who in turn resell them to contractors, developers, builders and consumers, who are generally advised by architects and designers. In
certain market channels in the U.S., Canada and Australia, we also provide, together with our products, fabrication and installation services,
which we source from third party fabricators. We believe that our supply of a fabricated and installed Caesarstone countertop is a competitive
advantage in such channels, which enables us to better control our products’ prices as well as to promote a full solution to our
customers, while in some of these cases our products are sold under different brands.
During the second half of 2022, we made changes to our distribution strategic in the
Israeli market; and began selling directly to major fabricators, in addition to selling through a handful of local distributers
Although we still sell our products to distributors in this market, we consider this a direct market due to the warranty we provide to
end-consumers, as well as our fabricator technical and health and safety instruction programs and our local sales and marketing activities.
In the United States, Australia, Canada, the United Kingdom, Sweden (Scandinavia) and Singapore we have established direct distribution
channels with distribution locations in major urban centers complemented by arrangements with various third parties, sub-distributors
or stone suppliers in certain areas of the United States.
Indirect Markets
We distribute our products in other territories in which we do not have a direct sales
channel through third-party distributors, who generally distribute our products to fabricators on an exclusive or non-exclusive basis
in a specific country or region. Fabricators sell our products to contractors, developers, builders and consumers. In some cases, our
distributors operate their own fabrication facilities. Additionally, our distributors may sell to sub-distributors located within the
territory who in turn sell to fabricators.
In most cases, we engage one or more distributors to serve a country or territory.
Today, we sell our products in over 45 countries through third-party distributors, and over 50 countries in total. Sales to third-party
distributors in such indirect markets accounted for approximately 10% of our revenues in 2022. This strategy often allows us to accelerate
our penetration into multiple new markets. Our distributors typically have prior stone surface experience and close relationships with
fabricators, builders and contractors within their respective territory.
We work closely with our distributors to assist them in preparing and executing a
marketing strategy and comprehensive business plan. Ultimately, however, our distributors are responsible for the sales and marketing
of our products and providing technical support to their customers within their respective territories. To assist some of our distributors
in the promotion of our brand in these markets, we provide marketing materials and in certain cases, monetary participation in marketing
activities. Our distributors devote significant effort and resources to generating and maintaining demand for our products along all levels
of the product supply chain in their territory. To this end, distributors use our marketing products and strategies to develop relationships
with local builders, contractors, developers, kitchen and bath retailers, architects and designers. Certain distributors, as well as sub-distributors,
do not engage in brand promotion activities and their activities are limited to sales promotion, warehousing and distributing to fabricators
or other customers.
We do not control the pricing terms of our distributors’ or sub-distributors’
sales to customers, nor do we control their purchasing and inventory policy. As a result, prices for our products may vary and their inventory
policies may affect their purchases us.
Sales and Marketing
Sales
We manufacture or source our products based upon our rolling projections of the demand
for our products.
Since 2019, we have operated under a regional structure which consists of North America,
APAC, EMEA and Israel. Under this structure, each region manages the direct distribution channels and focuses on penetrating new markets
within its territory, as well as further develops its key growth indirect sales markets.
We believe our products still have significant growth opportunities in the United
States, Canada and Europe. For information on sales trends in the markets in which we operate, see “ITEM 5: Operating and Financial
Review and Prospects—Components of statement of income”. In 2016, we established a direct sales channel in the United Kingdom
and starting in January 2017 we have been selling and distributing our products in the U.K. directly through our U.K. subsidiary. In December
2020, we acquired Omicron, a premier stone supplier servicing the Florida, Ohio, Michigan and Louisiana markets in the U.S. In July 2022,
we acquired a leading distributor in Sweden, establishing first direct Go-To-Market presence in E.U. under Caesarstone Scandinavia AB.
We intend to continue to invest resources to further strengthen and increase our penetration in our existing markets. We are also exploring
alternative sales channels and methodologies to further enhance our presence in each market.
Marketing
We position our engineered quartz, porcelain and natural stone surfaces as premium
branded products in terms of their designs, quality and pricing. Through our marketing, we seek to convey our products’ ability
to elevate the overall quality of an entire kitchen or other setting. Our marketing strategy is to deliver this message every time our
end-consumers, customers, fabricators, architects and designers meet our brand. We also aim to communicate our position as a design-oriented
global leader in engineered surfaces innovation and technology.
The goal of our marketing activities is to drive marketing and sales efforts across
the regions, while creating demand for our products from end-consumers, kitchen and bath retailers, fabricators, contractors, architects
and designers, which we refer to as a “push-and-pull demand strategy.” We combine both pushing our products through all levels
of the product supply chain while generating demand from end-consumers as a complementary strategy.
We implement a multi-channel marketing strategy in each of our territories and market
not only to our direct customers, but to the entire product supply chain, including fabricators, developers, contractors, kitchen retailers,
builders, architects and designers. We use multiple marketing channels, including advertisements in home interior magazines and websites,
the placement of our display stands and sample books in kitchen retails stores and our company’s website and social media presence.
We share knowledge with fabricators about our products and their capabilities, installation methods and safety requirements through manuals,
seminars and webinars. In addition, our “Master of Stone” program operates as an online training platform, with content aimed
at educating fabricators on the topics of Health & Safety, professional know-how and added value content for fabrication plant managers
and making safety and professional working guidelines accessible to our fabricators worldwide.
Our marketing materials are developed by our global marketing department in Israel
and are used globally. In 2022, we spent $14.8 million on direct advertising and promotional activities.
Our websites are a key part of our marketing strategy enabling us to create data-driven
personal relationship, on and off site, in order to increase engagement and conversion to sale. Our websites enable our business partners,
customers and end-consumers to view currently available designs, photo galleries of installations of our products in a wide range of settings,
instructions with respect to the correct usage of our products and offer an innovative cutting-edge experience with rich content and interactive
tools to empower and guide consumers at any stage of their renovation journey. We also conduct marketing activity in the social media
arena mainly to increase our brand awareness among end-consumers, architects and designers.
We also seek to increase awareness of our brand and products through a range of other
methods, such as trade shows, home design shows, design competitions, media campaigns and through our products’ use in high profile
projects and iconic buildings. In recent years, we have collaborated with renowned designers, who created exhibitions and particles from
our products. Our design initiatives attracted press coverage around the world.
Research and Development
Our research and development (“R&D”)
department is primarily located in Israel. As of December 31, 2022, our corporate R&D department was comprised of 16 employees, all
of whom have extensive experience in engineered quartz surface manufacturing, polymer science, engineering, product design and engineered
quartz surface applications. In addition, our R&D for porcelain manufacturing is conducted by 1 dedicated employee located in India.
In 2022, R&D costs accounted for approximately 0.6% of our revenues.
The strategic mission of our R&D team is to develop and maintain innovative and
leading technologies and top-quality designs, develop new and innovative products according to our marketing department’s roadmap,
increase the cost-effectiveness of our manufacturing processes and raw materials, and generate and protect company intellectual property
in order to enhance our position in the engineered quartz surface industry. We also study and evaluate consumer trends by attending industry
exhibitions and hosting international design workshops with market and design specialists from various regions.
Customer Service
We believe that our ability to provide outstanding customer service is a strong competitive
differentiator. Our relationships with our customers are established and maintained through the coordinated efforts of our sales, marketing,
production and customer service personnel. In our direct markets, the warranty period varies. We provide end-consumers with various warranties
depending on the relevant markets ranging from a ten-year limited warranty to limited lifetime warranties in selected markets such as
the United States, Canada and Israel. In our indirect markets, end-consumers, warranty issues on our products are addressed by our local
distributor. We provide all our distributors a limited direct manufacturing defect warranty and our distributors are responsible for providing
warranty coverage to end-customers. The warranties provided by our distributors vary in term. In our direct markets, following an end-consumer
call, our technicians are sent to the product site within a short time. We provide readily accessible resources and tools regarding the
fabrication, installation, care and maintenance of our products. We believe our comprehensive global customer service capabilities and
the sharing of our service-related know-how differentiate our company from our competitors.
Raw Materials and Service Provider Relationships
Quartz, polyester and pigment are the primary raw materials used in the production
of our engineered quarts products. We acquire raw materials from third-party suppliers. Suppliers ship raw materials for our engineered
quartz products to our manufacturing facilities in Israel and the U.S. primarily by sea. Our raw materials are generally inspected at
the suppliers’ facilities and upon arrival at our manufacturing facilities in Israel and the U.S. The cost of our raw materials
consists of the purchase prices of such materials and costs related to the logistics of delivering the materials to our manufacturing
facilities. Our raw materials costs are also impacted by changes in foreign currency exchange rates.
Quartz is the main raw material component used in our engineered quartz
products. Raw quartz must be processed into finer grades of sand and powder before we use it in our manufacturing process. We purchase
quartz from our quartz suppliers after it was already processed by them. We acquire quartz from suppliers primarily in Turkey, Belgium,
India, Portugal, the U.S. and Israel. In 2022, approximately 69% of our quartz, including mainly quartzite, which is used across all of
our engineered quartz products, was imported from several suppliers in Turkey. Approximately 54% of the imported quartz from Turkey (or
37% of our total quartz) was acquired from Mikroman Madencilik San ve TIC.LTD.STI (“Mikroman”)
and approximately 24% of the imported quartz from Turkey (or 16% of our total quartz) was acquired from Polat Maden Sanayi ve Ticaret
A.S (“Polat”). In light of market volatility and our changing raw material needs,while
we have long lasting mutually beneficial relationships with our suppliers we do not currently have an annual framework agreement in place
and are purchasing materials from them based on spot purchase orders.
Similar to our arrangements with Mikroman and Polat described above, we typically
transact business with other quartz suppliers and execute purchase orders from them from time to time.
In most cases, we acquire polyester from several suppliers, on an annual framework
basis or purchase order basis based on our projected needs for the subsequent one to three months. Typically, suppliers are unwilling
to agree to preset prices for periods longer than a quarter and suppliers’ prices may vary during a quarter as well.
Pigments for our engineered quartz production in Israel are purchased from Israel
and suppliers abroad. Pigments for our U.S. engineered quartz production are primarily purchased from U.S. vendors.
The principal raw materials for our porcelain products are minerals (such as clay
and feldspar) and chemical additives. We typically transact business with our suppliers of raw materials for porcelain products on an
annual framework basis, under which we execute purchase orders from time to time.
Our strategy is to maintain, whenever practicable, multiple sources for the purchase
of our raw materials to achieve competitive pricing, provide flexibility and protect against supply disruption.
See “ITEM 3.D. Key Information—Risk Factors—We may encounter significant
delays in manufacturing if we are required to change the suppliers for the raw materials used in the production of our products.”
For our cost of raw materials in 2022 and prior years, see “ITEM 5.A: Operating Results and Financial Review and Prospects—Operating
Results—Cost of revenues and gross profit margin.”
Manufacturing and Facilities
Our products are manufactured at our four manufacturing facilities located in Kibbutz
Sdot-Yam in central Israel, Bar-Lev Industrial Park in northern Israel, Richmond Hill, Georgia in the U.S. and, following the Lioli Acquisition,
in Morbi, Gujarat in India. Our Sdot-Yam facility includes our first two production lines. We completed our Bar-Lev manufacturing facility
in 2005, which included our third production line, and we established our fourth production line at this facility in 2007 and our fifth
production line at this facility in 2013. We completed our U.S. manufacturing facility in 2015, where we began to operate our sixth production
line in the second quarter of 2015 and our seventh line in the fourth quarter of 2015. In addition to a $135 million as an initial investment,
we have the option to further invest and expand in Richmond Hill to accommodate additional manufacturing capacity in the future as needed
to satisfy potential demand. During 2022, in response to challenging macroeconomic conditions resulting in lower demands we maintained
lower utilization of all of our production facilities which in turn resulted in higher cost per manufactured unit, given our partially
fixed cost structure. As part of the Lioli Acquisition, in 2020 we acquired a porcelain slab manufacturing facility, which is comprised
of one production line currently in operation.
Finished slabs are shipped from our facilities in Israel and the U.S. to our distribution
centers worldwide, directly to customers and to third-party distributors worldwide. Finished porcelain slabs manufactured at our Morbi
facility are distributed via third-party distributors and are shipped from India worldwide. For further discussion of our facilities,
see “ITEM 4.D: Information on the Company—Property, plants, and equipment.”
The manufacturing process for our engineered quartz products typically involves the
blending of quartz (85% on average) with polyester and pigments. Using machinery acquired primarily from Breton, the leading supplier
of engineered stone manufacturing equipment, together with our proprietary manufacturing enhancements, this mixture is compacted into
slabs by a vacuum and vibration process. The slabs are then moved to a curing kiln where the cross-linking of the polyester is completed.
Lastly, the slabs are gauged, calibrated and polished to enhance shine.
The manufacturing process for our porcelain products typically involves blending of
clay, natural minerals (such as feldspar) and chemical additives required for the shaping process. The multi-ingredient mixture is fed
to a ball mill, together with water, to achieve fine grinding. The excess water is then removed, and the resulting powder is shaped into
slabs. Slabs are first moved to dryers and then passed through a glaze line, where they are decorated with different applicators. Decorated
slabs are passed through digital printing machines and then go into a curing kiln for final firing process. Lastly, the slabs are gauged,
calibrated and polished to enhance shine.
We maintain strict quality control and safety standards for our products and manufacturing
process. Our manufacturing facilities have several safety certifications from third-party organizations, including an OHSAS 18001 safety
certification from the International Quality Network for superior manufacturing safety operations.
In addition, since 2018 we have increased our outsourcing capabilities and currently
purchase a certain portion of our product offering from third-parties including natural stone, and engeneered stone and porcelainmanufacturers
and anciliaries. We conduct quality control and quality assurance processes with respect to such products. In 2022, products produced
by third parties accounted for approximately 21% of revenues, and we are aiming to increase purchases from OEMs in 2023. For more information,
see ITEM 3.D: Key Information - Operational Risks.
Seasonality
For a discussion of seasonality, please refer to “ITEM 5.A: Operating and Financial
Review and Prospects—Operating Results—Factors impacting our results of operations” and “ITEM 5.A: Operating and
Financial Review and Prospects—Operating Results—Quarterly results of operations and seasonality.”
Competition
We believe that we compete principally based upon product quality, breadth of colors
and designs offering and innovation, brand awareness and position, pricing and customer service. We believe that we differentiate ourselves
from competitors on the basis of our premium brand, our signature product designs, our products and designs innovation, our ability to
directly offer our products in major markets globally, our focus on the quality of our product offerings, our customer service-oriented
culture, our high involvement in the product supply chain and our leading distribution partners.
The dominant surface materials used by end-consumers in each market vary. Our products
compete with a number of other surface materials as well as similar materials offered by other producers and re-sellers. The manufacturers
of these products consist of a number of regional as well as global competitors. Some of our competitors may have greater resources than
we have, and may adapt to changes in consumer preferences and demand more quickly, expand their materials offering, devote greater resources
to design innovation and establishing brand recognition, manufacture more versatile slab sizes and implement processes to lower costs.
The engineered quartz and porcelain surface market is highly fragmented and is also
served by a number of regional and global competitors. We also face growing competition from low-cost manufacturers from Asia and Europe.
Large multinational companies have also invested in their engineered quartz and porcelain surface production capabilities. For more information,
see “ITEM 3.D. Key Information—Risk Factors—We face intense competitive pressures from manufacturers of other surface
materials, which could materially and adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition” and “ITEM 3.D. Key
Information—Risk Factors—Competition from manufacturers of lower priced products may reduce our market share, alter consumer
preferences and materially and adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition”.
Information Technology Systems
We believe that an appropriate information technology infrastructure is important
in order to support our daily operations and the growth of our business.
We implemented various IT systems to support our business and operations. Our Enterprise
Resource Planning (“ERP”) software enables us to manage our day-to-day business activities
and provides us with accessible quality data that support our forecasting, planning and reporting. Accurate planning is important in order
to support sales and optimize working capital and cost as our products can be built in a number of combinations of sizes, colors, textures
and finishes. Given our global expansion, we implemented a global ERP based on an Oracle platform. Our MES systems manage work processes
on the production floor in our facilities and Salesforce enhances our Customer Relationship Management (“CRM”)
infrastructure.
We are implementing digitalization acrossour organization to better streamline processes
and support our business strategy. We are investing in digital transformation projects to enhance consumer engagement and customer experience.
Our technological and digital investments will be geared towards operational enhancements in inventory management and production, along
with transforming our go-to-market tools. We seek to update our IT infrastructure to enhance our ability to prevent and respond to cyber
threats and conduct trainings for our employees in this respect. For further details, see “ITEM 3.D. Key Information—Risk
Factors—Disruptions to or our failure to upgrade and adjust our information technology systems globally, may materially impair our
operations, hinder our growth and materially and adversely affect our business and results of operations.”
Intellectual Property
Our Caesarstone brand is central to our business strategy, and we believe that maintaining
and enhancing the Caesarstone brand is critical to expanding our business.
We have obtained trademark registrations in certain jurisdictions that we consider
material to the marketing of our products, including CAESARSTONE® and our Caesarstone logo. We have obtained trademark registrations
for additional marks that we use to identify certain product collections, as well as other marks used for certain of our products. While
we expect our current and future applications to mature into registrations, we cannot be certain that we will obtain such registrations.
In many of our markets we also have trademarks, including registered and unregistered marks, on the colors and models of our products.
We believe that our trademarks are important to our brand, success and competitive position. In order to mitigate the risk of infringement,
we conduct an ongoing review process before applying for registration. However, we cannot be certain that third parties will not oppose
our application or that the application will not be rejected in whole or in part. In the past, some of our trademark applications for
certain classes of our products’ applications have been rejected or opposed in certain markets and may be rejected for certain classes
in the future, in all or parts of our markets, including without limitation, for flooring and wall cladding. We are currently subject
to various proceedings regarding our Caesarstone trademark applications in various jurisdictions.
To protect our know-how and trade secrets, we customarily require our employees and
managers to execute confidentiality agreements or otherwise agree to keep our proprietary information confidential. Typically, our employment
contracts also include clauses requiring these employees to assign to us all inventions and intellectual property rights they develop
in the course of their employment and agree not to disclose our confidential information. We limit access to our trade secrets and implement
certain protections to allow our know-how and trade secret to remain confidential.
In addition to confidentiality agreements, we seek patent protection for some of our
latest technologies. We have obtained patents for certain of our technologies and have pending patent applications that were filed in
various jurisdictions, including the United States, Europe, Australia, Canada, China and Israel, which relate to our manufacturing technology
and certain products. No patent application of ours is material to the overall conduct of our business. There can be no assurance that
pending applications will be approved in a timely manner or at all, or that such patents will effectively protect our intellectual property.
There can be no assurance that we will develop patentable intellectual property in the future, and we have chosen and may further choose
not to pursue patents for innovations that are material to our business.
Environmental and Other Regulatory Matters
Environmental and Health and Safety Regulations
Our manufacturing facilities and operations in Israel, our manufacturing facility
in Georgia, United States and our manufacturing facility in Gujarat, India are subject to numerous Israeli, U.S. and Indian environmental
and workers’ health and safety laws and regulations, respectively, and our supply chain operations are subject to applicable local
laws and regulations. For instance, applicable U.S. laws and regulations include federal, state and local laws and regulations, including
Georgia state laws. Laws and regulations in the U.S. and other countries govern, among other things, exposure to pollutants, protection
of the environment; setting standards for emissions; generation, treatment, import, purchase, use, storage, handling, disposal and transport
of hazardous wastes, chemicals and materials, including sludge; discharges or releases of hazardous materials into the environment, soil
or water; permissible exposure levels to hazardous materials; product specifications; nuisance prevention;; soil, water or other
contamination from hazardous materials and remediation requirements arising therefrom; and protection of workers’ health and safety.
In addition to being subject to regulatory and legal requirements, our manufacturing
facilities in Israel, the United States and India operate under applicable permits, licenses and approvals with terms and conditions containing
a significant number of prescriptive limits and performance standards. Business licenses for our facilities in Israel contain conditions
related to a number of requirements, including with respect to dust emissions, air quality, the disposal of effluents and process sludge,
and the handling of waste, chemicals and hazardous materials. Subject to certain terms, the business license for our Sdot-Yam plant is
in effect until December 31, 2025. The business license for our Bar-Lev plant is in effect until June 30, 2023, and the Company is in
the process of seeking an extension. The business license for our U.S. facility is renewed every year subject to a fee paid to the city
and county. Our site in India has a Factory License which is a basic license issued by the Inspectorate of Factories, which is in effect
until December 31, 2023. The site in India has also obtained a Consent to Operate (the “CTO”)
from the State Pollution Control Board, which is a permit issued to any factory in India with all the compliance requirements related
to environmental aspects, such as air emission, water and wastewater management, waste management. The CTO is valid until September 28,
2023. We operate in Israel under poison permits that regulate our use of poisons and hazardous materials. Our current poison permits are
valid until end of January 2024 for Bar-Lev facility and mid-February 2024 for Sdot-Yam facility. Our facility in the United States is
required to obtain and follow a General Permit for Storm Water Discharges Associated with Industrial Activity of the Georgia Environmental
Protection Division (“GEPD”), an air quality permit from GEPD and other requirements
and regulations including among others specific limitations on emission levels of hazardous substances, such as styrene, specific limitations
on RCS levels inside our plant, allowable wastewater discharge limits, oil spill prevention rule, hazardous waste handling requirements
and fire protection measures requirements. Our site in India is required to comply with all applicable conditions, including with respect
to water consumption, wastewater discharge, air emission monitoring and pollution control devices, hazardous wastes storage and disposal,
specified in the CTO. In all our manufacturing facilities, we are implementing measures on an ongoing basis in order to achieve and maintain
compliance with dust and styrene environmental and occupational emissions standards and to reduce such emissions to minimum thresholds.
Each of these permits, licenses and standards require a significant amount of monitoring,
record-keeping and reporting in order for us to demonstrate compliance therewith.
Official representatives of the health and safety and environment authorities in Israel,
the States of Georgia and Gujarat visit our facilities from time to time, to inspect issues such as workplace safety, industrial hygiene,
monitoring lockout tag out programs, exposure and emissions, water treatment, noise and others. Such inspections may result in citations,
penalties, revocation of our business license or limitation or shut down of our facilities’ operations. It may also require us to
make further investments in our facilities.
From time to time, we face environmental and health and safety compliance issues related
to our manufacturing facilities
|
• |
Emissions - Israel. On March 2018 and later on December 2019 the IMEP issued additional terms
for business license for the Bar-Lev facility, and the Company has implemented all the required terms (including an online styrene emission
monitoring system), and is still in the process of implementing all the cyber requirements in the poison permit, which will take effect
in June 2023. The IMEP closely monitors our Bar-Lev facility’s implementation of the additional terms and emissions, specifically
of styrene. During July 2021, the Company received a warning letter from the IMEP in which our Bar-Lev plant was notified of violations
of the Clean Air Act and the plant’s business license terms, following an unannounced styrene emission sampling that revealed several
cases of deviations from the styrene emission standard under the Clean Air Act in Israel. The IMEP has ordered the Company to take corrective
and preventive actions, including reducing the expected timeframe for installation of additional Regenerative Thermal Oxidizer (“RTO”)
system and to implement a continuous (online) monitoring device on the Bar-Lev plant’s fence. We are cooperating with the IMEP and
are currently in the process of implementing all its requirements and remaining additional terms. Similarly, in October 2020 we received
from the IMEP the final version of the additional terms to the business license for our Sdot-Yam facility, and the Company has implemented
all the required terms (including an online styrene emission monitoring system), and is still in the process of implementing all the cyber
requirements in the poison permit, which will take effect in June 2023. The IMEP closely monitors our Sdot-Yam facility emissions, specifically
for its styrene emissions. During January 2021 we were informed of several cases of deviations from the styrene emission standard under
the Clean Air Act in Israel at our Sdot-Yam plant, which were identified in an unannounced continuous monitoring inspection that was conducted
on the Sdot-Yam plant’s fence by the municipal supervisory authority. During 2021 the municipal supervisory authority advised (but
did not order) that a continuous monitoring system on the Sdot-Yam plant’s fence should be installed. In light of corrective actions
taken by the Company and proper monitoring results, such a system is not considered at the moment. In February 2022, Israel adopted a
long term goal for the reduction of environmental styrene emissions. Although such goal is not expected to impact our current operations,
the adoption of new regulations could create an additional burden for any future investment in our Israeli facilities. We are constantly
in the process of taking the required corrective actions in order to comply with the business license terms, the styrene emission standard
and the IMEP instructions. |
|
• |
Workers’ safety and health. The Israeli Ministry of Economics, Labor Division (“IMOE”)
in Israel the U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (“OSHA”) in the U.S. and the Indian Ministry of Labor and
Employment, conduct audits of our plants, in which, among other things, it examines if there were any deviations from permitted ambient
levels of RCS, styrene and acetone in the plants. We seek, on an ongoing basis, to continue reducing the level of exposure of our employees
to RCS, styrene and acetone, while enforcing our employees’ use of personal protection equipment. . A fatal accident has occurred
at the Company’s facility in February 2023. The accident’s circumstances are still explored by OSHA and immediate corrective
actions were taken. A police investigation took place immediately after the accident, with no criminal suspicion nor follow-up actions.
|
Other Regulations
We are subject to the Israeli Rest Law, which, among other things, prohibits the employment
of Jewish employees on Saturdays and Jewish holidays, unless a permit is obtained from the IMEI. We received a permit from the IMEI to
employ Jewish employees on Saturdays and Jewish holidays in connection with most of the production machinery in our Sdot-Yam facility,
effective until December 31, 2024.
If we are deemed to be in violation of the Rest Law, we may be required to halt operations
of our manufacturing facilities on Saturdays and Jewish holidays, we and our officers may be exposed to administrative and criminal liabilities,
including fines, and our operational and financial results could be materially and adversely impacted. For more information, see “Item
3.D. Key Information—Risk Factors—Risks relating to our incorporation and location in Israel—If we fail to comply with
Israeli law restrictions concerning employment of Jewish employees on Saturdays and Jewish holidays, we and our office holders may be
exposed to administrative and criminal liabilities and our operational and financial results may be materially and adversely impacted.”
For information on other regulations applicable, or potentially applicable, to us,
see the following risks factors in “ITEM 3.D. Key Information—Risk Factors”:
|
• |
“Risks related to our business and industry—We may have exposure to greater-than-anticipated tax liabilities.”
|
|
• |
“Risks related to our incorporation and location in Israel— Conditions in Israel could materially and adversely affect
our business.” |
|
• |
“Risks related to our incorporation and location in Israel—The tax benefits that are available to us require us to continue
to meet various conditions and may be terminated or reduced in the future, which could increase our costs and taxes.” |
|
• |
“Risks related to our incorporation and location in Israel—If we are considered a ‘monopoly’ under Israeli
law, we could be subject to certain restrictions that may limit our ability to freely conduct our business to which our competitors may
not be subject. |
Legal Proceedings
See “ITEM 8.A: Financial Information—Consolidated Financial Statements
and Other Financial Information—Legal Proceedings.”
Non-GAAP Financial Measures
We use certain non-GAAP financial measures to evaluate our performance in conjunction
with other performance metrics. The following are examples of how we use such non-GAAP measures:
|
• |
Our annual budget is based in part on these non-GAAP measures. |
|
• |
Our management and board of directors use these non-GAAP measures to evaluate our operational performance and to compare it against
our work plan and budget. |
Our non-GAAP financial measures, adjusted gross profit, adjusted EBITDA and adjusted
net income attributable to controlling interest, have no standardized meaning and accordingly have limitations in their usefulness to
investors. We provide such non-GAAP data because management believes that such data provide useful information to investors. However,
investors are cautioned that, unlike financial measures prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP, non-GAAP measures may not be comparable
with similar measures used by other companies. These non-GAAP financial measures are presented solely to permit investors to more fully
understand how management and our board assesses our performance. The limitations of these non-GAAP financial measures as performance
measures are that they provide a view of our results of operations without reflecting all events during a period and may not provide a
comparable view of our performance to other companies in our industry.
Investors should consider non-GAAP financial measures in addition to, and not as replacements
for, or superior to, measures of financial performance prepared in accordance with GAAP.
In arriving at our presentation of non-GAAP financial measures, we exclude items that
either have a non-recurring impact on our income statement or which, in the judgment of our management, are items that, either as a result
of their nature or size, could, were they not singled out, potentially cause investors to extrapolate future performance from an improper
base. In addition, we also exclude share-based compensation expenses to facilitate a better understanding of our operating performance,
since these expenses are non-cash and accordingly, we believe do not affect our business operations. While not all inclusive, examples
of these items include:
|
• |
amortization of purchased intangible assets; |
|
• |
legal settlements (both gain or loss) and loss contingencies, due to the difficulty in predicting future events, their timing and
size; |
|
• |
material items related to business combination activities important to understanding our ongoing performance; |
|
• |
excess cost of acquired inventory; |
|
• |
expenses related to our share-based compensation; |
|
• |
significant one-time offering costs; |
|
• |
significant one-time non-recurring items (both gain or loss); |
|
• |
material extraordinary tax and other awards or settlements, both amounts paid and received; and |
|
• |
tax effects of the foregoing items. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Reconciliation of Gross profit to Adjusted
Gross profit: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross profit |
|
$ |
163,245 |
|
|
$ |
171,498 |
|
|
$ |
133,942 |
|
|
$ |
148,639 |
|
|
$ |
163,414 |
|
Share-based compensation expense (a) |
|
|
315 |
|
|
|
321 |
|
|
|
416 |
|
|
|
285 |
|
|
|
163 |
|
Non-recurring import related expenses (income) |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
(1,501 |
) |
|
|
2,104 |
|
Amortization of assets related to acquisitions |
|
|
306 |
|
|
|
852 |
|
|
|
529 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
Other non-recurring items (b) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Adjusted Gross profit |
|
$ |
164,103 |
|
|
$ |
172,671 |
|
|
$ |
134,887 |
|
|
$ |
149,084 |
|
|
$ |
165,681 |
|
(a) |
Share-based compensation includes expenses related to stock options and restricted
stock units granted to employees and directors of the company. |
(b) |
In 2022, reflects workforce reduction, and
in 2019, reflects mainly one-time amortization of machinery equipment with no future alternative use, and one-time inventory write down
due to discontinuation of certain product group manufacturing. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Reconciliation of Net Income to Adjusted
EBITDA:s |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
(56,366 |
) |
|
$ |
17,889 |
|
|
$ |
7,622 |
|
|
$ |
12,862 |
|
|
$ |
24,568 |
|
Finance expenses (income), net |
|
|
(3,079 |
) |
|
|
7,590 |
|
|
|
10,199 |
|
|
|
5,578 |
|
|
|
3,639 |
|
Taxes on income |
|
|
758 |
|
|
|
1,950 |
|
|
|
4,700 |
|
|
|
6,243 |
|
|
|
4,560 |
|
Depreciation and amortization |
|
|
36,344 |
|
|
|
35,407 |
|
|
|
29,460 |
|
|
|
28,587 |
|
|
|
28,591 |
|
Legal settlements and loss contingencies, net (a) |
|
|
568 |
|
|
|
3,283 |
|
|
|
6,319 |
|
|
|
12,359 |
|
|
|
8,903 |
|
Contingent consideration adjustment related to acquisition
|
|
|
120 |
|
|
|
284 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
Share-based compensation expense (b) |
|
|
1,502 |
|
|
|
1,845 |
|
|
|
2,858 |
|
|
|
3,632 |
|
|
|
1,684 |
|
Impairment expenses related to goodwill and long lived assets
|
|
|
71,258 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
Non-recurring import related expense (income) |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
(1,501 |
) |
|
|
2,104 |
|
Acquisition-related expenses |
|
|
80 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
921 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
Other non-recurring items (c) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Adjusted EBITDA |
|
$ |
51,869 |
|
|
$ |
68,248 |
|
|
$ |
62,079 |
|
|
$ |
69,046 |
|
|
$ |
75,206 |
|
(a) |
Consists of legal settlements expenses and loss contingencies, net related to product liability claims and other adjustments to ongoing
legal claims, including related legal fees. |
(b) |
Share-based compensation includes expenses related to stock options and restricted stock units granted to employees and directors
of the company. |
(c) |
In 2022, related to workforce reduction, in 2019, relates to non-recurring expenses related to North American region establishment,
one-time charge related to reduction in headcount and certain activities including discontinuation of certain product group manufacturing,
and in 2018 also relocation expenses of Caesarstone USA headquarters (company’s subsidiary). |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Reconciliation of Net Income (loss) Attributable
to Controlling Interest to Adjusted Net Income Attributable to Controlling Interest: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income (loss) attributable to controlling interest
|
|
$ |
(57,054 |
) |
|
$ |
18,966 |
|
|
$ |
7,218 |
|
|
$ |
12,862 |
|
|
$ |
24,405 |
|
Legal settlements and loss contingencies, net (a) |
|
|
568 |
|
|
|
3,283 |
|
|
|
6,319 |
|
|
|
12,359 |
|
|
|
8,903 |
|
Contingent consideration adjustment related to acquisition |
|
|
120 |
|
|
|
284 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
Amortization of assets related to acquisitions, net of tax |
|
|
2,084 |
|
|
|
2,391 |
|
|
|
446 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
Share-based compensation expense (b) |
|
|
1,502 |
|
|
|
1,845 |
|
|
|
2,858 |
|
|
|
3,632 |
|
|
|
1,684 |
|
Non-cash revaluation of lease liabilities (c) |
|
|
(9,527 |
) |
|
|
2,918 |
|
|
|
3,189 |
|
|
|
3,615 |
|
|
|
— |
|
Non-recurring import related expense (income) |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
(1,501 |
) |
|
|
2,104 |
|
Impairment expenses related to goodwill and long lived assets |
|
|
71,258 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
Acquisition-related expenses |
|
|
80 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
921 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
Other non-recurring items (d) |
|
|
684 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
2,486 |
|
|
|
1,157 |
|
Total adjustments before tax |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Less tax on above adjustments (e) |
|
|
(910 |
) |
|
|
1,054 |
|
|
|
4,488 |
|
|
|
6,729 |
|
|
|
2,168 |
|
Total adjustments after tax |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Adjusted net income attributable to controlling interest |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(a) |
Consists of legal settlements expenses and loss contingencies, net related to product liability claims and other adjustments to ongoing
legal claims, including related legal fees. |
(b) |
Share-based compensation includes expenses related to stock options and restricted stock units granted to employees and directors
of the company. |
(c) |
Exchange rate differences deriving from revaluation of lease contracts in accordance with FASB ASC 842. |
(d) |
In 2022, related to workforce reduction, in 2019, relates to non-recurring expenses related to North American region establishment,
one time charge related to reduction in headcount and certain activities including discontinuation of certain product group manufacturing,
one time amortization of machinery equipment with no future alternative use, and in 2018 also relocation expenses of Caesarstone USA headquarters
(company’s subsidiary). |
(e) |
Based on the effective tax rates of the relevant periods. |
C. |
Organizational Structure |
The legal name of our company is Caesarstone Ltd.
Caesarstone was organized under the laws of the State of Israel. We have six direct
wholly-owned subsidiaries: Caesarstone Australia PTY Limited, which is incorporated in Australia, Caesarstone South East Asia PTE LTD,
which is incorporated in Singapore, Caesarstone (UK) Ltd., which is incorporated in the United Kingdom, Caesarstone Canada Inc., which
is incorporated in Canada, Caesarstone Scandinavia AB, which incorporated in Sweden, and Caesarstone USA, Inc., which, together with its
two wholly-owned subsidiaries, Caesarstone Technologies USA, Inc. and Omicron, are incorporated in the United States. In addition, following
the Lioli Acquisition, Caesarstone Ltd. holds a majority interest of Lioli, incorporated in India, and therefore is consolidating the
results of its operations in our Consolidated Financial Statements.
In 2019, we transitioned into a new regional structure which consists of North America,
APAC, EMEA and Israel.
D. |
Property, Plants and Equipment |
Our manufacturing facilities are located in Israel, the United States and India. The
following table sets forth our most significant facilities as of December 31, 2022:
Properties |
Issuer’s Rights |
Location |
Purpose |
Size |
Kibbutz Sdot-Yam(1) |
Land Use Agreement |
Caesarea, Central Israel |
Headquarters, manufacturing facility, research and development center |
Approximately 30,000 square meters of facility and approximately 48,000 square meters of un-covered yard*
|
Bar-Lev Industrial Park manufacturing facility(2) |
Land Use Agreement & Ownership |
Carmiel, Northern Israel |
Manufacturing facility |
Approximately 23,000 square meters of facility and approximately 50,000 square meters of un-covered yard**
|
Belfast Industrial Center(3)(4) |
Ownership |
Richmond Hill, Georgia, United States |
Manufacturing facility |
Approximately 26,000 square meters of facility and approximately 401,000 square meters of un-covered yard
(excluding 56,089 square meters of wetland) |
Bharat Nagar(5) |
Ownership |
Morbi, Gujarat, India |
Manufacturing facility |
Approximately 60,000 square meters of facility and approximately 55,000 square meters of open land, gas
yard, effluent treatment plant, labor colony and roads |
* Square-meter figures with respect to properties in Israel are based on data measured
by the relevant municipalities used for local tax purposes.
** Square-meter figures based on data used by Israeli municipalities for local tax
purpose is adjusted to reflect the property leased from Kibbutz Sdot-Yam as agreed between us and the Kibbutz during 2014. This does not
include additional 5,000 square meters adjacent to the manufacturing facility, which we acquired in December 2019.
|
(1) |
Leased pursuant to a land use agreement with Kibbutz Sdot-Yam entered in March 2012 with a term of 20 years, which replaced the
former land use agreement. Starting from September 2014 we use an additional 9,000 square meters pursuant to Kibbutz Sdot-Yam’s
consent under terms materially similar to the land use agreement. However, we have the right to return such additional office space and
premises to Kibbutz Sdot-Yam at any time upon 90 days’ prior written notice. In September 2016, we exercised our right to return
to the Kibbutz an additional office space of approximately 400 square meters which we used since January 2014 under terms materially similar
to the land use agreement. The lands on which these facilities are located are held by the ILA and leased or subleased by Kibbutz Sdot-Yam
pursuant to agreements described in “ITEM 7.B: Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions—Related Party Transactions—Relationship
and agreements with Kibbutz Sdot-Yam—Land use agreement.” |
|
(2) |
We own 2,673 square meters of facility and 2,550 square meters of uncovered yard, and the remainder is leased pursuant to a land
use agreement with Kibbutz Sdot-Yam entered into in March 2011, with a term of 10 years commencing in September 2012, which will be automatically
renewed, unless we give two years’ prior notice, for an additional 10-year term. In 2021, the agreement was extended for an additional
ten year period. This agreement was executed simultaneously with the land purchase and leaseback agreement we entered into with Kibbutz
Sdot-Yam, according to which Kibbutz Sdot-Yam acquired from us our rights in the lands and facilities of the Bar-Lev industrial center,
under a long term lease agreement we entered into with the ILA on June 6, 2007 to use the premises for an initial period of 49 years as
of February 6, 2005, with an option to renew for an additional term of 49 years as of the end of the initial period. For more information,
see “ITEM 7.B: Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions—Related Party Transactions—Relationship and agreements
with Kibbutz Sdot-Yam—Land purchase agreement and leaseback.” |
|
(3) |
On September 17, 2013, we entered into a purchase agreement for the purchase of approximately 45 acres of land in Richmond Hill,
Georgia, United States, comprising approximately 36.6 acres of upland and approximately 9 acres of wetland for our new U.S. manufacturing
facility, the construction of which was completed in 2015. On June 22, 2015, we exercised a purchase option in the agreement and acquired
approximately 19.4 acres of land, comprising approximately 18.0 acres of upland. On November 25, 2015, we entered into a new purchase
agreement for the purchase of approximately 54.9 acres of additional land situated adjacent to the previously purchased land, comprising
approximately 51.1 acres of upland. |
|
(4) |
In December 2014, we entered into a bond purchase loan agreement, were issued a taxable revenue bond on December 1, 2014, and executed
a corresponding lease agreement. Pursuant to these agreements, the Development Authority of Bryan County, an instrumentality of the State
of Georgia and a public corporation (“DABC”), has acquired legal title of our facility
in Richmond Hill, in the State of Georgia, U.S., and in consideration leased such facilities back to us. In addition, the facility was
pledged by DABC in favor of us and DABC has committed to re-convey title to the facility to us upon the maturity of the bond or at any
time at our request, upon our payment of $100 to DABC. Therefore, we consider such facilities to be owned by us. This arrangement was
structured to grant us property tax abatement for ten years at 100% and additional five years at 50%, subject to our satisfying certain
qualifying conditions with respect to headcount, average salaries paid to our employees and the total capital investment amount in our
U.S. plant. In December 2015, we entered into an additional bond purchase loan agreement with the Development Authority of Bryan County,
and were issued a second taxable revenue bond on December 22, 2015, to cover additional funds and assets which were utilized in the framework
of constructing, acquiring and equipping our U.S. facility. If we were to expand our current U.S. facility, we would have been entitled
to an additional taxable revenue bond and a corresponding property tax abatement. In 2017, we notified DABC that we will not be utilizing
such additional bond at this time and, accordingly, it has expired. |
|
(5) |
In October 2020, we acquired a majority stake, in Lioli, which owns the Bharat Nagar facility in Morbi, Gujarat, India. For more
information on our title to the property in Morbi, Gujarat, India, see “ITEM 3.D. Key Information—Risk Factors—Operational
Risks—Fully integrating Lioli’s and Omicron’s businesses may be more difficult, costly and time-consuming than expected,
which may adversely affect our results of operations and the value of our common shares.” |
For further discussion and details of the productive capacity of our facilities, see
“ITEM 4.B: Information on the Company—Business Overview—Manufacturing and Facilities.” Various environmental issues
may affect our utilization of the above-mentioned facilities. For a further discussion, see “Item 4.B. Information on the Company—Business
Overview—Environmental and Other Regulatory Matters—Environmental and Health and Safety Regulations” above.
ITEM 5:
Operating and Financial Review and Prospects
The following discussion and analysis of our financial
condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our financial information presented in “ITEM 3: Key Information,”
our audited consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the related consolidated income statements and cash flow
statements for each of the three years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, and related notes and the information contained elsewhere
in this annual report. Our financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. See “ITEM 3.D: Key Information—Risk
Factors” and “Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements.”
Company overview
We are a leading brand high-end engineered surfaces used primarily
as countertops in residential and commercial buildings. We design, develop and produce engineered quartz and porcelain products that offer
aesthetic appeal and functionality through a distinct variety of colors, styles, textures, and finishes used in countertops, vanities,
and other interior and exterior surfaces. Our high-quality engineered quartz surfaces are marketed and sold under our premium Caesarstone
brand. We have grown to become one of the largest global providers of engineered quartz surfaces. Our products accounted for approximately
4.4% of global engineered quartz by volume in 2022. Our sales in the United States, Australia (including New Zealand), Canada and Israel,
our four largest markets, accounted for 49.5%, 16.8%, 13.5% and 5.3% of our revenues in 2022. We believe that our revenues will continue
to be highly concentrated among a relatively small number of geographic regions for the foreseeable future. For further information with
respect to our geographic concentration, see “ITEM 3.D: Key Information—Risk Factors—Our revenues are subject to significant
geographic concentration and any disruption to sales within one of our key existing markets could materially and adversely impact our
results of operations and prospects.”
Between 2010 to 2022, our revenue grew at a compound annual growth rate of 10.9% driven
mainly by the continued quartz penetration and the Lioli and Omicron acquisitions, increased remodeling spending in all our top three
markets and growth in the residential segment in the United States, our largest market. In addition, the portion of innovative designs
within our offering increased over time. Revenue increased by 7.3% between 2021 and 2022. See “—Comparison of period-to-period
results of operations—Year ended December 31, 2022 compared to year ended December 31, 2021—Revenues” for additional
information. From 2021 to 2022, our adjusted gross profit margin decreased from 26.8% to 23.8%, adjusted EBITDA margin decreased from
10.6% to 7.5%, and adjusted net income margin attributable to controlling interest decreased from 4.4% to 1.5% over the same period. We
define each of such margins by dividing adjusted gross profit, adjusted EBITDA and adjusted net income attributable to controlling interest,
respectively, by revenues. Adjusted EBITDA and adjusted net income attributable to controlling interest are non-GAAP financial measures,
see “ITEM 8.B: Business Overview—Non-GAAP Financial Measures” for a description of how we define adjusted EBITDA and
adjusted net income attributable to controlling interest and reconciliations of net income to adjusted EBITDA and net income attributable
to controlling interest to adjusted net income attributable to controlling interest. We attribute the decrease in the adjusted EBITDA
margin mainly due to increased manufacturing costs per unit due to lower capacity utilization which resulted in lower fixed-costs absorption,
higher raw material prices, unfavorable foreign exchange rates, and increased shipping prices which were partially offset by favorable
product mix and selling price increase.
Our mission is to be the first brand of choice for countertops all around the world.
We believe that a significant portion of our future growth will come from our U.S. market where we see the greatest growth opportunity.
We believe that transitioning to direct sales will contribute to our future growth in the long term. We believe that in order to remain
competitive in the long term, we will need to grow our business both organically and through acquisitions.
As part of the Company’s business growth strategy, strategic acquisitions are
considered opportunities to enhance our value proposition through differentiation and competitiveness. In recent years and as further
described below, we have successfully executed on this strategy, including our 2020 acquisitions of Lioli, an India-based developer and
producer of porcelain countertop slabs with manufacturing facilities in Asia; Omicron, a premier stone supplier operating in several locations
across the United States in Florida, Ohio, Michigan and Louisiana, which now operate as part of our United States operations; and Ceasarstone
Scandinavia a Swedish destributer. For more information, see “2020 Acquisitions” below
Factors impacting our results of operations
We consider the following factors to be important in analyzing our results of operations:
|
• |
Our sales are impacted by home renovation and remodeling and new residential construction, and to a lesser extent, commercial construction.
We estimate (supported also by the Freedonia Report) that approximately 60%-70% of our revenue in our main markets (U.S., Australia, Canada)
is related to residential renovations and remodeling activities, while 30%-40% is related to new residential construction. |
|
• |
Our revenues and results of operations exhibit some quarterly fluctuations as a result of seasonal influences which impact construction
and renovation cycles. Due to the fact that certain of our operating costs are fixed, the impact of such fluctuations on our profitability
is material. We believe that the second and third quarters tend to exhibit higher sales volumes than the other quarters because demand
for our surfaces and other products is generally higher during the summer months in the northern hemisphere with the effort to complete
new construction and renovation projects before the new school year. Conversely, the first quarter is typically impacted by the winter
slowdown in the northern hemisphere in the construction industry and might impact sales in Israel depending on the timing of the spring
holiday a particular year. Similarly, sales in Australia during the first quarter are negatively impacted by fewer construction and renovation
projects. The fourth quarter is susceptible to being impacted by the onset of winter in the northern hemisphere and specifically the fourth
quarter of 2022 recorded lower levels of revenue primarily as result of challenging macroeconomic conditions and lower demand. |
|
• |
We conduct business in multiple countries in North America, South America,
Europe, Asia-Pacific, Australia and the Middle East and as a result, we are exposed to risks associated with fluctuations in currency
exchange rates between the U.S. dollar and certain other currencies in which we conduct business. A significant portion of our revenues
is generated in U.S dollar, and to a lesser extent the Australian dollar, Canadian dollar, Euro and NIS. In 2022, 52.4% of our revenues
were denominated in U.S. dollars, 16.8% in Australian dollars, 13.5% in Canadian dollars, 5.7% in Euros and 5.2% in NIS. As a result,
devaluations of the Australian dollars, and to a lesser extent, the Canadian dollar relative to the U.S. dollar may unfavorably impact
our profitability. Our expenses are largely denominated in U.S. dollars, NIS and Euro, with a smaller portion in Australian dollars and
Canadian dollars. As a result, appreciation of the NIS, and to a lesser extent, the Euro relative to the U.S. dollar may unfavorably affect
our profitability. We attempt to limit our exposure to foreign currency fluctuations through forward contracts, which, except for U.S.
dollar/NIS forward contracts, are not designated as hedging accounting instruments under ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging. As of December
31, 2022, we had total outstanding forward contracts with a notional amount of $54.5 million. These transactions were for a period of
up to 12 months. The fair value of these foreign currency derivative contracts was negative $0.1 million, which is included in current
assets and current liabilities, as of December 31, 2022. For further discussion of our foreign currency derivative contracts, see “ITEM
11: Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.” In addition, we entered derivative instruments not designated as
hedging accounting to partially manage our exposure to fluctuations of styrene prices. As of December 31, 2022, we had one outstanding
forward contract, related to styrene prices, with a notional amount of $0.4 million. This transaction was for a period of 1 month. The
fair value of this styrene forward derivative contract was negative $0.4 million, which is included in current assets, as of December
31, 2021. |
Components of statements of income
Revenues
We derive our revenues from sales of quartz and, to a lesser extent, other surfaces
and materials, mostly to fabricators and resellers in our direct markets and to third-party distributors in our indirect markets. In the
United States, Australia, Canada and Singapore the initial purchasers of our products are primarily fabricators. In Israel, until the
3rd quarter 2022, the purchasers were a small number of
local distributors who, in turn, sell to fabricators, however this strategic has been change during 3rd
quarter 2022, in which we started to sell directly to fabrications. In the United States, we also sell our products to a small number
of sub-distributors, stone resellers as well as to large retailers. The purchasers of our products in our other markets are our third-party
distributors who, in turn, sell to sub-distributors and fabricators. Our direct sales accounted for 90%, for the years ended December
31, 2022.
Revenue is recognized when a customer obtains control of promised goods or services
in an amount that reflects the consideration the entity expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services.
The warranties that we provide vary by market. In our indirect markets, we provide
all our distributors with a limited direct manufacturing defect warranty. In all our indirect markets, distributors are responsible for
providing warranty coverage to end-customers. In Australia, Canada, the United States, the United Kingdom and Singapore we provide end-consumers
with a limited warranty on our products for interior countertop applications. In Israel, we typically provide end-consumers with a direct
limited manufacturing defect warranty on our products. Based on historical experience, warranty issues are generally identified within
one and a half years after the shipment of the product and a significant portion of defects are identified before installation. We record
a reserve on account of possible warranty claims, included in our cost of revenues. Historically, warranty claims expenses have been low,
accounting for approximately 0.2% of our total cost of goods sold in 2022.
The following table sets forth the geographic breakdown of our revenues during the
periods indicated:
|
|
Year ended December 31, |
|
|
|
2022 |
|
|
2021 |
|
|
2020 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Revenues in thousands
of USD |
|
|
|
|
|
Revenues in thousands
of USD |
|
|
|
|
|
Revenues in thousands
of USD |
|
United States
|
|
|
49.5 |
% |
|
$ |
342,293 |
|
|
|
47.4 |
% |
|
$ |
305,353 |
|
|
|
42.7 |
% |
|
$ |
207,496 |
|
Canada |
|
|
13.5 |
% |
|
|
93,377 |
|
|
|
13.1 |
|
|
|
84,467 |
|
|
|
14.9 |
|
|
|
72,492 |
|
Latin America
|
|
|
0.6 |
% |
|
|
4,481 |
|
|
|
0.7 |
|
|
|
4,702 |
|
|
|
0.4 |
|
|
|
2,149 |
|
Australia (incl.
New Zealand) |
|
|
16.8 |
% |
|
|
116,284 |
|
|
|
18.4 |
|
|
|
118,714 |
|
|
|
21.3 |
|
|
|
103,587 |
|
Asia |
|
|
5.0 |
% |
|
|
34,607 |
|
|
|
4.7 |
|
|
|
30,390 |
|
|
|
3.0 |
|
|
|
14,566 |
|
EMEA |
|
|
9.2 |
% |
|
|
63,320 |
|
|
|
9.4 |
|
|
|
60,836 |
|
|
|
9.3 |
|
|
|
45,201 |
|
Israel |
|
|
5.3 |
% |
|
|
36,444 |
|
|
|
6.1 |
|
|
|
39,430 |
|
|
|
8.4 |
|
|
|
40,921 |
|
Total |
|
|
100.0 |
% |
|
$ |
690,806 |
|
|
|
100 |
% |
|
$ |
643,892 |
|
|
|
100.0 |
% |
|
$ |
486,412 |
|
Revenue in 2022 was $690.8 million compared to $643.9 million in the prior year. On
a constant currency basis, 2022 revenue was higher by 10.8% year-over-year, mainly due to higher prices. The increase in 2021 revenues
compared to 2020 on a constant currency basis was 28.1% and was mainly due to the Omicron and Lioli acquisitions and an increase in demand
for our products.
Revenues in the U.S. increased by 12.1% in 2022 compared to an increase of 47.2% in
2021. The increase in 2022 mainly due to higher prices. The increase in 2021 included the impact of the initial consolidation of Omicron
results commencing January 1, 2021.
Revenues in Canada increased by 10.5% in 2022 compared to an increase of 16.5% in
2021, representing a 14.6% increase and 9.0% increase on a constant-currency basis, respectively.
Revenues in Latin America decreased by 4.7% in 2022 compared to a increase of
118.9% in 2021.
Revenues in Australia decreased by 2.0% in 2022 compared to an increase
of 14.6% in 2021. On a constant currency basis, revenues in Australia increased by 6.2% in 2022 and increased by 5.2% in 2021.
Revenues in Asia increased by 13.9% in 2022 compared to a increased of 108.6% in 2021.
On a constant currency basis, revenues in Asia increased by 15.3% in 2022 and increased by 107% in 2021.
Revenues in EMEA increased by 4.1% in 2022 and by 34.6% in 2021. On a constant-currency
basis, revenue increased in EMEA by 16.7% in 2022 and 28.2% in 2021.
Revenues in Israel decreased by 7.6% in 2022 compared to a decreased
of 3.6% in 2021. On a constant currency basis, revenues decreased by 4.5% in 2022 and decreased by 9.3% in 2021.
For additional information, see “—Comparison of period-to-period
results of operations—Year ended December 31, 2022 compared to year ended December 31, 2021—Revenues.”
Cost of revenues and gross profit margin
Our cost of revenues includes the cost of manufactured products sold as well as the
cost of purchased products from third parties such as quartz, Porcelain, natural stone and other ancillary products. We experienced increased
costs that are connected with the global supply chain environment and the increase in cost of our two main components of quartz manufactured
items, being quartz and polyester. Approximately 31.8% of our cost of revenues (related to our manufactured proiducts) is raw material
costs. The cost of our raw materials consists of the purchase prices of such materials and costs related to the logistics of delivering
the materials to our facilities, but does not include raw materials included in products not manufactured by us. In addition approximately
13.9% of our cost of revenues relates to products purchased from third parties for resale. Our raw materials costs are also impacted by
changes in foreign exchange rates. Our principal raw materials, quartz and polyester jointly accounted for approximately 73% of our total
raw material cost in 2022. The balance of our cost of revenues consists primarily of manufacturing costs, related overhead and the cost
of other products not manufactured by us. Cost of revenues in our direct distribution channels also includes the cost of delivery from
our manufacturing facilities to our warehouses, warehouse operational costs, as well as additional delivery costs associated with the
shipment of our products to customer sites in certain markets. In the U.S. and Canada, we also incur fabrication and installation costs
related to retail sales and other commercial building projects. In the case of our indirect distribution channels, we bear the cost of
delivery to the seaport closest to our production plants and our distributors bear the cost of delivery from the seaport to their warehouses.
In 2022, approximately 69% of our total quartz was purchased from suppliers in Turkey,
with the major part from Mikroman and Polat.
Quartz accounted for approximately 36.8% of raw materials used
in cost in 2022. Accordingly, our cost of sales and overall results of operations are impacted significantly by fluctuations in quartz
prices. In 2022 and 2021, the average cost of quartz increased by 17.9% and 12%, respectively. The increase in 2022 was primarily due
to an increase in shipping costs, and increase in global energy costs. Any future increases in quartz costs may adversely impact our margins
and net income.
Given the significance of polyester costs relative to our total raw material expenditures,
our cost of sales and overall results of operations are impacted significantly by fluctuations in polyester prices, which generally correlate
with benzine prices. In 2022, our average polyester costs increased by approximately 23% as a result of unfavourable market conditions.
In 2021, our average polyester costs increased by approximately 54.1% as a result of market conditions (cost of raw materials have increased
due to higher energy prices affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, and later the geopolitical). Any future increases in polyester costs may
adversely impact our margins and net income.
We are exposed to fluctuations in the prices of pigments, although
to a lesser extent than with polyester. For example, the cost of titanium dioxide, our principal white pigmentation agent, increased in
2022 by approximately 10.5% due to its manufacturing process which consumes a lot of energy and increased in price. Any future increases
in pigments costs may adversely impact our margins and net income.
The gross profit margins on sales in our direct markets are generally higher than
in our indirect markets in which we use third-party distributors, due to the elimination of the third-party distributor’s margin.
In many markets, our expansion strategy is to work with third-party distributors who we believe will be able to increase sales more rapidly
in their market and more cost effective than if we distributed our products directly. However, in several markets we distribute directly,
including the United States, Australia, Canada and in the United Kingdom, Scandinavia, Singapore and India. In the future, we intend to
evaluate other potential markets to distribute directly.
Research and development, net
Our research and development expenses consist primarily of salaries and related personnel
costs, as well as costs for subcontractor services and costs of materials consumed in connection with the design and development of our
products. We expense all our research and development costs as incurred.
Marketing and selling
Marketing and selling expenses consist primarily of compensation and associated costs
for personnel engaged in sales, marketing, distribution and advertising and promotional expenses. In 2022, our advertising and promotional
expenses as well as marketing assistance expenses increasd in order to support U.S. growth and the launch of the porecelain products.
In each of 2021 and 2020, our expenses slightly decreased as part of our cost-savings initiatives and COVID-19.
General and administrative
General and administrative expenses consist primarily of compensation and associated
costs for personnel engaged in finance, human resources, information technology, legal and other administrative activities, as well as
fees for legal and accounting services. See “—Other factors impacting our results of operations—Agreements with Kibbutz
Sdot-Yam” and “ITEM 7: Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions—Related Party Transactions.”
Goodwill and long lived assets impairment charges
Impairment of long-lived assets: In 2022, the Company identified indicators for impairment,
among others, reduced demand due to global market conditions, lower utilization in certain plants, increased inflation and higher interest
rates. Following these indicators and in accordance with ASC360, we recorded a pre-tax non cash impairment charge for the excess of the
book value over its fair value related to Sdot Yam production facility assets group, in the amount of $26.4 million.
Goodwill: In 2022, the company performed an impairment test of the goodwill in accordance
with ASC350. The test was impacted from the lower market capitalization, higher interest rates and slow down in the markets. and recognized
a pre-tax non cash full impairment charge for its goodwill balances in the amount of $44.8 million.
See also Note 6 and Note 7 to our financial statements included elsewhere in this
report.
Legal settlements and loss contingencies, net
Legal settlements and loss contingencies, net consists of expenses related to settlements
expenses and estimated exposure not covered by our insurance applicable to individual silicosis claims and other ongoing claims. We recorded
$0.6 millions of such expenses in 2022, $3.3 million in 2021, and $6.3 million in 2020. The decrease from 2021 to 2022 is mainly attributed
to less claims received in Israel in 2022 and lower then estimated settlement amounts in Israel. See “—Financial Information—Consolidated
Financial Statements and Other Financial Information—Legal Proceedings—Claim by former South African distributor”.
Finance expenses, net
Finance expenses (income), net, consist primarily of bank and credit card fees, borrowing
costs and exchange rate differences arising from changes in the value of monetary assets and monetary liabilities stated in currencies
other than the functional currency of each entity. These expenses are partially offset by interest income on our cash balances and gains
on derivative instruments. The finance income during 2022 related mainly to exchange rate differences arising from changes in the value
of monetary assets and monetary liabilities in Israel due to the strengthening of the USD against the NIS .
Corporate taxes
As we operate in a number of countries, our income is subject to taxation
in different jurisdictions with a range of tax rates. Our effective tax rate was (1.4)% in 2022, 9.8% in 2021, and 38.1% in 2020. In 2022
and 2021 the lower effective tax rate is attributable mainly to taxable losses in certain entities and to deferred tax assets recorded
to capture carry-forward NOLs. See also note 12 to our financial statements included elsewhere in this report.
The standard corporate tax rate for Israeli companies was 23% in each of 2022,
2021 and 2020. Our non-Israeli subsidiaries are taxed according to the tax laws in their respective countries of origination.
Effective January 1, 2011, with the enactment of Amendment No. 68 to the Israeli Tax
Law, both of our Israeli facilities operate under a consolidated “Preferred Enterprise” status. The “Preferred Enterprise”
status provides the portion related to the Bar-Lev manufacturing facility with the potential to be eligible for grants of up to 20% of
the investment value in approved assets and a reduced flat corporate tax rate, which applies to the industrial enterprise’s entire
preferred income, 7.5% in 2017 onward. For the portion related to the Sdot-Yam facility, this status provides us with a reduced flat corporate
tax rate, which applies to the industrial enterprise’s entire preferred income, which was 16% during the same period.
In December 2017, the U.S. enacted significant tax reform commencing with the year
ended December 31, 2017, including, but not limited to (1) reducing the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate to 21% effective 2018;
and (2) imposing a one-time transition tax on certain unrepatriated earnings of foreign subsidiaries of U.S. companies that had not been
previously taxed in the U.S.
The TCJA also established new tax provisions affecting 2018, including, but not limited
to (1) creating a new provision designed to tax global intangible low-tax income; (2) generally eliminating U.S. federal taxes on dividends
from foreign subsidiaries; (3) eliminating the corporate alternative minimum tax; (4) creating the base erosion anti-abuse tax; (5) establishing
a deduction for foreign derived intangible income; (6) repealing the domestic production activity deduction; and (7) establishing new
limitations on deductible interest expense and certain executive compensation.
The reduction of the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate required us to remeasure
our deferred tax assets and liabilities as of the date of enactment. For the year ended December 31, 2017, we decreased the net deferred
tax liability as a result of such remeasurement, resulting in tax income benefit for the year ended December 31, 2017.
As of December 31, 2019, certain provisions of the TCJA remains subject to Internal
Revenue Service as well as state tax authorities’ guidance and interpretation which could have a material adverse effect on our
cash tax liabilities, results of operations, and financial condition. In addition, the TCJA could be subject to potential amendments and
technical corrections, any of which could materially lessen or increase certain adverse impacts of the legislation on us and our business.
We will continue to evaluate the effects of the TCJA on us as federal and state tax authorities issue additional regulations and guidance.
On March 27, 2020, the CARES Act was enacted in response to the COVID-19 pandemic.
The CARES Act has a number of beneficial tax provisions. Among the provision of the CARES Act, the business interest deduction limit under
Code Sec. 163(j) is increased to 50 percent of our adjusted taxable income in the U.S. for tax year 2020. In addition, Net operating losses
(NOLs) arising in tax years beginning in 2019, 2020, and 2021 now have a five-year carryback period and an unlimited carryforward period.
Under the CARES Act we carryback our U.S. NOL for the year ended December 31, 2021 to prior taxable years.
For more information about the tax benefits available to us as an Approved Enterprise
or as a Beneficiary Enterprise or as Preferred Enterprise, see “ITEM 10.E: Additional Information—Taxation—Israeli tax
considerations and government programs.”
Net income attributable to non-controlling
interest
In October 2020, we acquired a majority stake in Lioli and for the year ended on December 31, 2022, 39.6%
of Lioli’s net income was attributed to its minority shareholders. In 2022, Lioli had a net income of approximately $1.6 million.
Other factors impacting our results of operations
Share-based compensation
We recorded share-based compensation expenses of $1.5 millions, $1.8 million and $2.9
million in 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively, and expect to record $2.2 million over a weighted average period of 2.8 years from December
31, 2022. For more information, see also Note 13 to our financial statements included elsewhere in this report.
Agreements with Kibbutz Sdot-Yam
We are party to a series of agreements with our largest shareholder, the Kibbutz,
which govern different aspects of our relationship. Pursuant to these agreements, in consideration for using facilities leased to us or
for services provided by the Kibbutz, we paid to the Kibbutz an aggregate of $11.3 millions in 2022, $11.0 million in 2021 and $9.4 million
in 2020 (excluding VAT). During 2021 and following the assessment of an appointed appraiser, the fees under the lease agreements were
increased and adjusted for 2021 onwards for total annual amount of approximately NIS 26.7 million (approximately $8.6 million), linked
to the Israeli consumer price index.
For more information on these agreements, see “ITEM 7.B: Major Shareholders
and Related Party Transactions—Related Party Transactions.”
Management Services Agreement with Tene
In November 2021, we entered into a management services agreement with Tene Growth
Capital 3 Funds Management Company Ltd., the management company of the general partner of Tene Investment in Projects 2016, L.P., pursuant
to which Tene Investment in Projects 2016, L.P. provides us with the services of an Executive Chairman of the Board (by Dr. Ariel Halperin),
the services of an additional director (by Mr. Dori Brown) and regular business development advice for an aggregate annual management
fee of NIS 870,000 plus VAT and expenses. The payment due pursuant to the Management Services Agreement replaced all other arrangements
for payment to Dr. Ariel Halperin and Mr. Dori Brown as Chairman of the board of directors or director during the term of the Management
Services Agreement.
For more information on these agreements, see “ITEM 7.B: Major Shareholders
and Related Party Transactions—Related Party Transactions.”
Acquisitions
During 2020:
Lioli Acquisition. On August 31, 2020, the
Company entered into a definitive agreement with Lioli to acquire a majority stake in Lioli, an India-based developer and producer of
porcelain countertop slabs with manufacturing facilities in Asia. The terms of the agreement provided that at the first closing the Company
would pay a cash investment of approximately $12 million, representing an enterprise value of approximately $34 million, including the
assumption of debt of approximately $17.9 million and additional consideration of up to approximately $10 million to be paid in case certain
conditions are to be met. As part of the Lioli Acquisition, the Company granted Lioli’s minority shareholders a put option under
which they have the right to require us to purchase their remaining shares in Lioli, and likewise, the Company has a call option under
which we have the right to require the minority shareholders to sell us their minority shares in Lioli. The consideration to be paid for
the shares transferred pursuant to these options is based on an EBITDA multiplier. These options become exercisable as of April 1, 2024
and until the 20th anniversary of the Lioli Acquisition. During March 2022, we invested an additional $2.5 million in Lioli by subscribing
for new securities, thereby increasing our ownership percentage to 66.4% of Lioli’s outstanding shares, constituting 60.4% of Lioli’s
shares on a fully diluted basis.
Omicron Acquisition. On December 31, 2020,
the Company simultaneously signed and closed on its transaction to acquire the entire membership interests Omicron, a premier stone supplier
operating in several locations across the United States in Florida, Ohio, Michigan and Louisiana, which now operate as part of our United
States operations. Under the terms of the transaction agreement, Caesarstone acquired Omicron for an approximately $19 million.
During 2022:
Magrab Acquisition On July 6, 2022, the Company
completed the acquisition of 100% of the shares of Magrab Naturtsen AB ("Magrab"), a leading distributor in sweden, establishing first
direct go-to-market presence in E.U., for a total net consideration of approximately $3 million, with an additional contingent consideration
of up to approximately $ 1.5 million,
Comparison of period-to-period results of operations
The following table sets forth our results of operations as a percentage of revenues
for the periods indicated:
|
|
Year ended December 31, |
|
|
|
2022 |
|
|
2021 |
|
|
2020 |
|
|
|
Amount |
|
|
% of Revenue |
|
|
Amount |
|
|
% of Revenue |
|
|
Amount |
|
|
% of Revenue |
|
|
|
(in thousands of U.S. dollars) |
|
|
|
|
|
Consolidated Income Statement Data:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Revenues: |
|
$ |
690,806 |
|
|
|
100 |
% |
|
$ |
643,892 |
|
|
|
100 |
% |
|
$ |
486,412 |
|
|
|
100.0 |
% |
Cost of revenues |
|
|
527,561 |
|
|
|
76.4 |
|
|
|
472,394 |
|
|
|
73.4 |
|
|
|
352,470 |
|
|
|
72.5 |
|
Gross profit |
|
|
163,245 |
|
|
|
23.6 |
|
|
|
171,498 |
|
|
|
26.6 |
|
|
|
133,942 |
|
|
|
27.5 |
|
Operating expenses: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Research and development, net |
|
|
4,098 |
|
|
|
0.6 |
|
|
|
4,216 |
|
|
|
0.7 |
|
|
|
3,974 |
|
|
|
0.8 |
|
Marketing and selling |
|
|
94,412 |
|
|
|
13.7 |
|
|
|
85,725 |
|
|
|
13.3 |
|
|
|
62,047 |
|
|
|
12.8 |
|
General and administrative |
|
|
51,596 |
|
|
|
7.5 |
|
|
|
50,845 |
|
|
|
7.9 |
|
|
|
39,081 |
|
|
|
8.0 |
|
Impairment expenses related to goodwill and long lived assets
|
|
|
71,258 |
|
|
|
10.3 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Legal settlements and loss
contingencies, net |
|
|
568 |
|
|
|
0.1 |
|
|
|
3,283 |
|
|
|
0.5 |
|
|
|
6,319 |
|
|
|
1.3 |
|
Total operating expenses |
|
|
221,932 |
|
|
|
32.3 |
|
|
|
144,069 |
|
|
|
22.4 |
|
|
|
111,421 |
|
|
|
22.9 |
|
|
|
|
(58,687 |
) |
|
|
(8.5 |
) |
|
|
27,429 |
|
|
|
4.3 |
|
|
|
22,521 |
|
|
|
4.6 |
|
Finance expenses, net |
|
|
(3,079 |
) |
|
|
(0.4 |
) |
|
|
7,590 |
|
|
|
1.2 |
|
|
|
10,199 |
|
|
|
2.1 |
|
Income before taxes on income (loss) |
|
|
(55,608 |
) |
|
|
(8.1 |
) |
|
|
19,839 |
|
|
|
3.1 |
|
|
|
12,322 |
|
|
|
2.5 |
|
Taxes on income |
|
|
758 |
|
|
|
0.1 |
|
|
|
1,950 |
|
|
|
0.3 |
|
|
|
4,700 |
|
|
|
0.9 |
|
|
|
$ |
(56,366 |
) |
|
|
(8.2 |
) |
|
$ |
17,889 |
|
|
|
2.8 |
% |
|
$ |
7,622 |
|
|
|
1.6 |
% |
Net income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interest
|
|
|
688 |
|
|
|
0.1 |
|
|
|
(1,077 |
) |
|
|
(0.2 |
) |
|
|
404 |
|
|
|
0.1 |
|
Net income attributable to controlling interest (loss)
|
|
$ |
(57,054 |
) |
|
|
(8.3 |
)% |
|
$ |
18,966 |
|
|
|
2.9 |
% |
|
$ |
7,218 |
|
|
|
1.5 |
% |
Year ended December 31, 2022 compared to year
ended December 31, 2021
Revenues
Revenues increased by $46.9 million, or 7.3%, to $690.8 million in 2022
from $643.9 million. The increase in 2022 mainly due to higher selling prices.
Cost of revenues and gross profit margins
Cost of revenues in 2022 amounted to $527.6
million compared to $472.4 million in 2021 as a result of the higher raw material prices and landed costs. Gross profit decreased from
$171.5 million in 2021 to $163.2 million in 2022, with a decrease in gross margin of three percent (3%), from twenty six point six percent
(26.6%) in 2021 to twenty three point 6 percent (23.6%) in 2022. The decrease in gross margin mainly reflects higher raw material prices,
particularly polyester and quartz , shipping price increases, less favorable exchange rates which were partially offset by selling price
increase.
Operating expenses
Research and development. Research and development
expenses remained relatively unchanged and amounted to $4.1 million in 2022 and $4.2 million in 2021.
Marketing and selling. Marketing and selling
expenses increased by $8.7 million, or 10.1%, to $ 94.4 million in 2022 from $85.7 million in 2021. Marketing expenses as percent of revenue
increased from 13.3% in 2021 to 13.7% in 2022. This was mainly to support future growth in U.S and to support porcelain launch . In 2021
our advertising and promotional expenses as well as marketing assistance expenses increased mainly to support growth in demand and revenues.
General and administrative. General and administrative
expenses (without impairment) increased by $ 0.75 million, or 1.5%, to $51.6 million in 2022 from $50.8 million in 2021. This increase
is mainly due to higher IT cost and consulting support future efficiency plan.
Legal settlements and loss contingencies,
net. Legal settlements and loss contingencies, net, decreased by $2.7 million, or 83%, from $3.3 million in 2020 to $0.6 million
in 2022. The decrease from 2021 to 2022 is mainly attributed to less claims received in Israel in 2022 and lower then estimated settlement
amounts in Israel.
Impairment of Goodwill and Long-lived assets.
During the fourth quarter of 2022, the Company performed impairment tests of its goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets, which
resulted in a pre-tax non cash impairment charges of $71.3 million. The Company performed these tests after determining a triggering event
had occurred, taking into consideration the impact of a market capitalization, higher weighted average cost of capital (“WACC”),
deteriorating macroeconomic conditions.
Finance expenses, net
In 2022 the company had finance income of $3.1 million, compared to expenses of $7.6
million in 2021. The difference was primarily a result of exchange rate differences arising from changes in the value of monetary assets
and monetary liabilities in Israel due to the strengthening of the USD against the NIS .
Taxes on income
Taxes on income declined by $1.3 million to $0.7 million in 2022 from $2.0 million
in 2021. Our effective tax rate was 1.5% in 2022 compared with 9.8% in 2021. This was mostly due to taxable loss in Israel in 2022, and
taxable loss in Israel, lease liability update and lower taxable income allocated to the U.S in 2021.
Net income attributable to non-controlling interest
In 2022, net income attributable to non-controlling interest amounted to $0.7 million. In 2021 net loss
attributable to non-controlling interest amounted to $1.1 million, and was fully attributable to the majority stake in Lioli acquired
in the fourth quarter of 2020.
Year ended December 31, 2021 compared to year
ended December 31, 2020
For a comparison of the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, see “ITEM 5.A.
Operating and Financial Review and Prospects—Operating Results—Year ended December 31, 2021 compared to year ended December
31, 2020” included in our annual report on Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2021, filed with the SEC on March 15, 2022,
which comparative information is herein incorporated by reference.
Quarterly results of operations and seasonality
The following table presents our unaudited condensed consolidated quarterly results
of operations for the eight quarters in the period from January 1, 2021 to December 31, 2022. We also present reconciliations of gross
margins to adjusted gross margins, net income to adjusted EBITDA and net income attributable to controlling interest to adjusted net income
attributable to controlling interest for the same periods. This information should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial
statements and related notes included elsewhere in this annual report. For more information on our use of non-GAAP financial measures,
see “ITEM 8.B: Business Overview—Non-GAAP Financial Measures.” We have prepared the unaudited condensed consolidated
quarterly financial information for the quarters presented below on the same basis as our audited consolidated financial statements. The
historical quarterly results presented below are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for any future quarters
or periods.
|
|
Three months ended |
|
|
|
Dec. 31, 2022 |
|
|
Sept. 30, 2022 |
|
|
June 30, 2022 |
|
|
Mar. 31, 2022 |
|
|
Dec. 31, 2021 |
|
|
Sept. 30, 2021 |
|
|
June 30, 2021 |
|
|
Mar. 31, 2021 |
|
|
|
(as a % of revenue) |
|
Consolidated Income Statement Data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Revenues: |
|
|
100.0 |
% |
|
|
100.0 |
% |
|
|
100.0 |
% |
|
|
100.0 |
% |
|
|
100.0 |
% |
|
|
100.0 |
% |
|
|
100.0 |
% |
|
|
100.0 |
% |
Gross profit |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating income (loss) |
|
|
(47.2 |
) |
|
|
1.7 |
|
|
|
3.5 |
|
|
|
4.1 |
|
|
|
2.0 |
|
|
|
5.4 |
|
|
|
3.2 |
|
|
|
6.9 |
|
Net income (loss) |
|
|
(46.4 |
) |
|
|
(0.2 |
) |
|
|
6.2 |
|
|
|
(0.8 |
)
|
|
|
(1.9 |
) |
|
|
3.6 |
|
|
|
0.9 |
|
|
|
9.5 |
|
|
|
Three months ended |
|
|
|
Dec. 31, 2022 |
|
|
Sept. 30, 2022 |
|
|
June 30, 2022 |
|
|
Mar. 31, 2022 |
|
|
Dec. 31, 2021 |
|
|
Sept. 30, 2021 |
|
|
June 30, 2021 |
|
|
Mar. 31, 2021 |
|
|
|
(in thousands of U.S. dollars) |
|
Consolidated Income Statement Data:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Revenues: |
|
$ |
159,369 |
|
|
$ |
180,727 |
|
|
$ |
180,272 |
|
|
$ |
170,438 |
|
|
$ |
171,057 |
|
|
$ |
163,341 |
|
|
$ |
163,462 |
|
|
$ |
146,032 |
|
Revenues as a percentage of annual revenue |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross profit |
|
$ |
30,931 |
|
|
$ |
41,617 |
|
|
$ |
47,525 |
|
|
$ |
43,172 |
|
|
$ |
39,678 |
|
|
$ |
42,734 |
|
|
$ |
45,784 |
|
|
$ |
43,302 |
|
Operating income (loss) |
|
|
(75,180 |
) |
|
|
3,155 |
|
|
|
6,356 |
|
|
|
6,982 |
|
|
|
3,342 |
|
|
|
8,876 |
|
|
|
5,173 |
|
|
|
10,038 |
|
Net income (loss) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other financial data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Adjusted Gross profit |
|
|
31,326 |
|
|
|
41,776 |
|
|
|
47,660 |
|
|
|
43,340 |
|
|
|
39,864 |
|
|
|
42,885 |
|
|
|
45,981 |
|
|
|
43,941 |
|
Adjusted Gross profit as a percentage of annual adjusted Gross
profit |
|
|
19.1 |
% |
|
|
25.5 |
% |
|
|
29 |
% |
|
|
26.4 |
% |
|
|
23.1 |
% |
|
|
24.8 |
% |
|
|
26.6 |
% |
|
|
25.5 |
% |
Adjusted EBITDA |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Adjusted EBITDA as a percentage of annual adjusted EBITDA
|
|
|
11 |
% |
|
|
25.8 |
% |
|
|
32.9 |
% |
|
|
30.3 |
% |
|
|
16.9 |
% |
|
|
25.9 |
% |
|
|
27.5 |
% |
|
|
29.7 |
% |
Adjusted net income attributable to controlling interest
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Adjusted net income attributable to controlling interest as
a percentage of annual adjusted net income |
|
|
(7.9 |
%) |
|
|
0.12 |
% |
|
|
63.5 |
% |
|
|
44.21 |
% |
|
|
0.6 |
% |
|
|
23.8 |
% |
|
|
25.2 |
% |
|
|
50.4 |
% |
|
|
Three months ended |
|
|
|
Dec. 31, 2022 |
|
|
Sept. 30, 2022 |
|
|
June 30, 2022 |
|
|
Mar. 31, 2022 |
|
|
Dec. 31, 2021 |
|
|
Sept. 30, 2021 |
|
|
June 30, 2021 |
|
|
Mar. 31, 2021 |
|
|
|
(in thousands of U.S. dollars) |
|
Reconciliation of Gross profit to Adjusted Gross profit: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross profit |
|
$ |
30,931 |
|
|
$ |
41,617 |
|
|
$ |
47,525 |
|
|
$ |
43,172 |
|
|
$ |
39,678 |
|
|
$ |
42,734 |
|
|
$ |
45,784 |
|
|
$ |
43,302 |
|
Share-based compensation expense (a) |
|
|
86 |
|
|
|
79 |
|
|
|
59 |
|
|
|
90 |
|
|
|
107 |
|
|
|
72 |
|
|
|
37 |
|
|
|
105 |
|
Other non-recurring items (b) |
|
|
237 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
Amortization of assets related to acquisitions |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Adjusted Gross profit |
|
$ |
31,326 |
|
|
$ |
41,776 |
|
|
$ |
47,660 |
|
|
$ |
43,340 |
|
|
$ |
39,864 |
|
|
$ |
42,885 |
|
|
$ |
45,981 |
|
|
$ |
43,941 |
|
|
(a) |
Share-based compensation includes expenses related to stock options and RSU’s granted to our employees and directors of the
company. |
|
(b) |
Restructuring expenses related to workforce reduction. |
|
|
Three months ended |
|
|
|
Dec. 31, 2022 |
|
|
Sept. 30, 2022 |
|
|
June 30, 2022 |
|
|
Mar. 31, 2022 |
|
|
Dec. 31, 2021 |
|
|
Sept. 30, 2021 |
|
|
June 30, 2021 |
|
|
Mar. 31, 2021 |
|
|
|
(in thousands of U.S. dollars) |
|
Reconciliation of Net Income (loss) to Adjusted EBITDA: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income (loss) |
|
$ |
(73,888 |
) |
|
$ |
(364 |
) |
|
$ |
11,230 |
|
|
$ |
6,656 |
|
|
$ |
(3,303 |
) |
|
$ |
5,870 |
|
|
$ |
1,480 |
|
|
$ |
13,842 |
|
Finance (income) expenses, net |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Taxes on income |
|
|
(1,699 |
) |
|
|
(788 |
) |
|
|
1,571 |
|
|
|
1,674 |
|
|
|
(780 |
) |
|
|
603 |
|
|
|
598 |
|
|
|
1,529 |
|
Depreciation and amortization related to acquisitions |
|
|
9,121 |
|
|
|
9,200 |
|
|
|
8,823 |
|
|
|
9,200 |
|
|
|
8,916 |
|
|
|
8,802 |
|
|
|
8,781 |
|
|
|
8,908 |
|
Legal settlements and loss contingencies, net (a) |
|
|
(492 |
) |
|
|
602 |
|
|
|
1,334 |
|
|
|
(876 |
) |
|
|
(1,181 |
) |
|
|
(385 |
) |
|
|
4,109 |
|
|
|
740 |
|
Contingent consideration adjustment related to acquisition |
|
|
63 |
|
|
|
57 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
284 |
|
|
|
— |
|
Share-based compensation expense (b) |
|
|
259 |
|
|
|
375 |
|
|
|
480 |
|
|
|
388 |
|
|
|
458 |
|
|
|
391 |
|
|
|
429 |
|
|
|
567 |
|
Acquisition-related expenses |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
80 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
Impairment expenses related to goodwill and long lived assets |
|
|
71,258 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
Other non-recurring items (c) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Adjusted EBITDA |
|
$ |
5,713 |
|
|
$ |
13,389 |
|
|
$ |
17,073 |
|
|
$ |
15,694 |
|
|
$ |
11,535 |
|
|
$ |
17,684 |
|
|
$ |
18,776 |
|
|
$ |
20,253 |
|
(a) |
Consists of legal settlements expenses and loss contingencies, net, related primarily to product liability claims and other adjustments
to ongoing legal claims. |
(b) |
Share-based compensation includes expenses related to stock options and RSU’s granted to our employees and directors of the
company. |
(c) |
Restructuring expenses related to workforce reduction. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(in thousands of U.S. dollars) |
|
Reconciliation of Net Income (loss) Attributable to Controlling Interest to Adjusted
Net Income Attributable to Controlling Interest: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income (loss) attributable to controlling interest |
|
$ |
(73,966 |
) |
|
$ |
(463 |
) |
|
$ |
11,147 |
|
|
$ |
6,228 |
|
|
$ |
(2,877 |
) |
|
$ |
5,948 |
|
|
$ |
1,705 |
|
|
$ |
14,190 |
|
Legal settlements and loss contingencies, net (a) |
|
|
(492 |
) |
|
|
602 |
|
|
|
1,334 |
|
|
|
(876 |
) |
|
|
(1,181 |
) |
|
|
(385 |
) |
|
|
4,109 |
|
|
|
740 |
|
Contingent consideration adjustment related to acquisition |
|
|
63 |
|
|
|
57 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
284 |
|
|
|
— |
|
Amortization of assets related to acquisitions, net of tax |
|
|
536 |
|
|
|
548 |
|
|
|
498 |
|
|
|
501 |
|
|
|
502 |
|
|
|
502 |
|
|
|
561 |
|
|
|
826 |
|
Share-based compensation expense (b) |
|
|
259 |
|
|
|
375 |
|
|
|
480 |
|
|
|
388 |
|
|
|
458 |
|
|
|
391 |
|
|
|
429 |
|
|
|
567 |
|
Non-cash revaluation of lease liabilities (c) |
|
|
676 |
|
|
|
(796 |
) |
|
|
(7,478 |
) |
|
|
(1,928 |
) |
|
|
3,461 |
|
|
|
430 |
|
|
|
889 |
|
|
|
(1,862 |
) |
Acquisition-related expenses |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
80 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
Impairment expenses related to goodwill and long lived assets |
|
|
71,258 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
Other non-recurring items (d) |
|
|
684 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
Total adjustments before tax |
|
|
72,984 |
|
|
|
786 |
|
|
|
(5,086 |
) |
|
|
(1,915 |
) |
|
|
3,240 |
|
|
|
938 |
|
|
|
6,272 |
|
|
|
271 |
|
Less tax on above adjustments |
|
|
(146 |
) |
|
|
311 |
|
|
|
(690 |
) |
|
|
(385 |
) |
|
|
200 |
|
|
|
56 |
|
|
|
770 |
|
|
|
28 |
|
Total adjustments after tax |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Adjusted net income attributable to controlling interest |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Adjusted diluted EPS |
|
$ |
0.02 |
|
|
$ |
0.01 |
|
|
$ |
0.20 |
|
|
$ |
0.14 |
|
|
$ |
0.01 |
|
|
$ |
0.20 |
|
|
$ |
0.21 |
|
|
$ |
0.42 |
|
(a) |
Consists of legal settlements expenses and loss contingencies, net, related primarily to product liability claims and other adjustments
to ongoing legal claims. |
(b) |
Share-based compensation includes expenses related to stock options and RSU’s granted to our employees and directors of the
company. |
(c) |
Exchange rate differences deriving from revaluation of lease contracts in accordance with FASB ASC 842. |
(d) |
Restructuring expenses related to workforce reduction. |
Our results of operations are impacted by seasonal factors, including construction
and renovation cycles. We believe that the second and third quarters of the year exhibits higher sales volumes than other quarters because
demand for quartz surface products is generally higher during the summer months in the northern hemisphere, when the weather is more favorable
for new construction and renovation projects, as well as the impact of efforts to complete such projects before the beginning of the new
school year. Conversely, the first quarter is impacted by a slowdown in new construction and renovation projects during the winter months
in the northern hemisphere. Depending on the date of the spring and winter holidays in Israel in a particular year, sales in Israel might
be impacted due to such holiday. Similarly, sales in Australia during the third quarter are negatively impacted due to fewer construction
and renovation projects.
We expect that seasonal factors will have a greater impact on our revenue, adjusted
EBITDA and adjusted net income attributable to controlling interest in the future as we continue to increase direct distribution as a
percentage of our total revenues in the future. This is because we generate higher average selling prices in the markets in which we have
direct distribution channels and, therefore, our revenues are more significantly impacted by changes in demand in these markets. At the
same time, our fixed costs have also increased as a result of our larger portion of direct distribution and, therefore, the impact of
seasonal fluctuations on our revenues, profit margins, adjusted EBITDA and adjusted net income attributable to controlling interest will
likely be magnified in future periods.
B. |
Liquidity and Capital Resources |
Our primary capital requirements have been to fund production capacity expansions,
as well as investments in and acquisitions of third-party distributors, such as the purchase of Caesarstone Canada Inc., our acquisition
of the business of our former Australian distributor and establishing our U.K. operations, our investment in and acquisitions of Caesarstone
USA (formerly known as U.S. Quartz Products, Inc.) Lioli, Omicron and Caesarstone Scandinavia, and the construction of our manufacturing
facility in the United States. Our other capital requirements have been to fund our working capital needs, operating costs, meet required
debt payments, finance a repurchase of our shares and to pay dividends on our share capital.
Capital resources have primarily consisted of cash flows from operations and borrowings
under our credit facilities. Our working capital requirements are affected by several factors, including demand for our products, raw
material costs and shipping costs.
Our inventory strategy is to maintain sufficient inventory levels to meet anticipated
customer demand for our products. Our inventory is significantly impacted by sales in the United States, Australia and Canada, our largest
markets, due to the 40-120 days required to ship our products to these locations from Israel. We continue to focus on meeting market demand
for our products while improving our inventory efficiency over the long term by implementing procedures to improve our production planning
process.
We minimize working capital requirements through our distribution network that allows
sales and marketing activities to be provided by third-party distributors. We believe that, based on our current business plan, our cash,
cash equivalents and short-term bank deposits on hand, cash from operations and borrowings available to us under our revolving credit
line and short-term facilities, we will be able to meet our capital expenditure and working capital requirements, and liquidity needs
for at least the next twelve months. We may require additional capital to meet our liquidity needs and future growth requirements. Continued
instability in the global market may increase our capital needs, and conditions in the capital markets could adversely affect our ability
to obtain additional capital to grow or sustain our business and would affect the cost and terms of such capital.
The Company’s material cash requirements include the following contractual and
other obligations:
Leases
The Company has lease arrangements for certain equipment and facilities, including
for manufacturing, logistics and offices. As of December 31, 2022 the Company had lease payment obligations of $147.1 million, with $25.6
million payable within 12 months.
Purchase Obligations
As of December 31, 2022, the Company had manufacturing equipment and raw material
purchase obligations of $12.9 million all payable within 12 months. The Company’s purchase obligations are primarily noncancelable.
Debt
As of December 31, 2022, the Company had outstanding bank credits and debts of an
aggregate principal amount of $26.1 million all payable within 12 months. Future interest payments associated with the these amounts total
$0.4 million, all payable within 12 months.
See also Note 8 and Note 15 to the financial statements included elsewhere in this
report.
Cash flows
The following table presents the major components of net cash flows used in and provided
by operating, investing and financing activities for the periods presented:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(in thousands of U.S. dollars) |
|
Net cash provided (used) by operating activities |
|
$ |
(23,311 |
) |
|
$ |
20,684 |
|
|
$ |
47,618 |
|
Net cash used in investing activities |
|
|
(7,285 |
) |
|
|
(34,885 |
) |
|
|
(68,305 |
) |
Net cash provided (used) by financing activities |
|
|
9,156 |
|
|
|
(25,254 |
) |
|
|
(6,084 |
) |
Cash provided by operating activities
Operating activities consist primarily of net income adjusted for certain non-cash
items. Adjustments to net income for non-cash items include depreciation and amortization, share-based compensation and deferred taxes.
In addition, operating cash flows are impacted by changes in operating assets and liabilities, principally inventories, accounts receivable,
prepaid expenses and other assets, accounts payable and accrued expenses.
Cash used in operating activities decreased in 2022 by $44 million from $20.7 million
to cash used $23.3 million mainly due to decrease in trade payables by $49.3 million during 2022 compared to an increase by $46.1
million during 2021, and impairment of long-term assets by $71.3 million during 2022. During 2022 our working capital increased as a result
of higher invnentory levels resulting from higher raw materials and shipping costs slightly offset by improved collection from customers.
Cash provided by operating activities in 2021 decreased by $26.9 million from $47.6
million in 2020 to $20.7 million in 2021, mainly due to an increase in inventories by $54.2 million during 2021 compared to a decrease
by $0.4 million during 2020, an increase in trade payables by $28.3 million during 2021 compared to a decrease by $17.9 million during
2020, and an increase in accounts receivables by $9.0 million during 2021 compared to a decrease by $11.6 million during 2020.
Cash used in investing activities
Net cash used in investing activities for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021
and 2020 were $7.3 million, $34.9 million and $68.3 million, respectively. In 2022, investing activities included $17.8million of capital
expenditure and $ 2.2 million of cash consideration paid for the Magrab Acquisition, offset by $12.4 million proceeds from marketing securities.
In 2021, investing activities included $31.5 million of capital expenditures, and $1.3 million of investment in marketable securities.
In 2020, investing activities included $19.8 million of capital expenditures, $19.2 million of investment in marketable securities
and $29.0 million of cash consideration paid for the Lioli Acquisition and Omicron Acquisition.
Cash used in financing activities
Net cash provided from financing activities for 2022was $9.2 milion, which included
$18.6 million short term loans receipts from banks offset by $8.6 million dividend payment to stockholders. Net cash used in financing
activities for 2021 was $25.3 million, which included $11.8 million of bank credit repayment and $10.7 million of dividend paid, and $1.3
million of repayment of a financial leaseback arrangement related to our Bar-Lev facility. Net cash used in financing activities for 2020
was $6.1 million, which included $4.8 million of dividend paid and $1.2 million of repayment of a financing liability of land from a related
party arrangement related to our Bar-Lev facility.
Credit facilities
As of December 31, 2022, we had a bank debt from commercial banks in India, in the
amount of $6.6 million, presented in long-term and short-term liabilities, together with a credit line of $2.7 million bearing interest
at the rate of 7.4% per annum equal to MCLR+0.20%. As of December 31, 2021, we had a long-term bank debt from commercial banks in India,
as a result of the Lioli Acquisition, in the amount of $9.5 million, presented in short-term liabilities, together with a credit line
of $3.0 million bearing interest at the rate per annum equal to the India Libor rate plus 4.5%. As of December 31, 2020, we had long-term
bank debt in the amount of $9.5 million and current maturities of long-term bank loans of $2 million and $2.8 million as short term credit.
The bank debt is to be repaid on a monthly basis through 2025. While the loan is outstanding, Lioli is subject to certain covenants including,
among others, limiting its ability to divest assets, pay dividends, borrow additional funds and place other encumbrances on its assets.
In addition, Lioli was provided a shareholder’s loan by all its shareholders
(including its minority shareholders). Such loan is denominated in INR and amounts to $3.9 million, including the approximately $3.4 million
that the Company extended during 2021 in part in accordance with the terms of the Lioli Acquisition, and which was used to repay certain
selling shareholders. The loan bears an interest rate per annum equal to Libor rate plus 4.5% and is to be repaid during the third quarter
of 2025.
During 2022, we secured a $30 million credit line in from and Israeli bank.
As of December 31, 2022 we utilized an amount of $21.1 million, presented short-term liabilities, bearing interest at 6.3% rate per annum
equal to the Prime+0.47%. The credit line agreement contains customary covenants mainly related to Debt to EBITDA ratio and to Tangible
assets ratio.
In addition, we had long-term and short-term debt related to the Bar-Lev sale and
lease-back transaction with the Kibbutz, fully repayed during 2022. As of December 31, 2021 the total amount was $5.7 million.
We also received a loan on January 17, 2011, in the amount of CAD 4.0 million ($4.1
million) to Caesarstone Canada Inc. by its shareholders, Ciot and us, on a pro rata basis. The loan bears an interest rate until repayment
at a per annum rate equal to the Bank of Canada’s prime business rate plus 0.25%, with the interest accrued on the loan paid on
a quarterly basis. The loan was fully repaid during 2022.
As of December 31, 2022, we had short-term credit lines with total availability of
$53.1 million, consisting of $41 million from Israeli banks, , and $12 million from banks in India, of which $38.6 million were utilized
as of December 31, 2022. Our credit lines from Israeli banks are subject to annual renewal.
See also Note 8 and
Note 15 to the financial statements included elsewhere in this report.
Capital expenditures
Our capital expenditures mainly included the expansion, improvement and maintenance
of our manufacturing capacity and capabilities, expansion on our north America distribution network and investment and improvements in
our information technology systems. In 2022, 2021 and 2020 our capital expenditures were $17.8 million, $31.5 million and $19.8 million,
respectively. For more information, see “Item 4.A. Information on the Company –Principal Capital Expenditures”.
Land purchase agreement and leaseback
Pursuant to a land purchase agreement entered on March 31, 2011, which became effective
upon our IPO, Kibbutz Sdot-Yam acquired from us our rights in the lands and facilities of the Bar-Lev Industrial Park in consideration
for NIS 43.7 million (approximately $10.9 million). The carrying value of the Bar-Lev land at the time of closing this transaction was
NIS 39.0 million (approximately $10.4 million). The land purchase agreement was executed simultaneously with the execution of a land use
agreement.
Pursuant to the land use agreement, Kibbutz Sdot-Yam permits us to use the Bar-Lev
land for a period of ten years commencing on September 2012, that will be automatically renewed, unless we give two years’ prior
notice, for a ten-year term in consideration for an annual fee of NIS 4.1 million (approximately $1.1 million) to be linked to increases
in the Israeli consumer price index. The fee is subject to adjustment following January 1, 2021, and every three years thereafter at the
option of Kibbutz Sdot-Yam if Kibbutz Sdot-Yam chooses to obtain an appraisal that supports such an increase. During 2021, the Kibbutz
utilized its option under the agreement and the annual fees for Bar-Lev land were updated to NIS 8.1 million (approximately $2.6 million).
The transaction was not qualified as “sale lease-back” accounting under
both ASC 840 and ASC 842 and the Company recorded the entire amount received as consideration as a liability. This liabilty was matured
at August 31, 2022.
Off-balance sheet financing arrangements
We do not currently engage in off-balance sheet financing arrangements. In addition,
we do not have any interest in entities referred to as variable interest entities, which includes special purpose entities and other structured
finance entities.
C. |
Research and Development, Patents and Licenses |
Our R&D department is located in Israel. As of December 31, 2022,
our corporate R&D department was comprised of 16 employees, all of whom have extensive experience in engineered quartz surface manufacturing,
polymer science, engineering, product design and engineered quartz surface applications. In addition, our R&D for porcelain manufacturing
is conducted by one dedicated employee located in India, whose activities are supported by the R&D department in Israel. In 2022,
research and development costs accounted for approximately 0.6% of our revenues, and in 2021 and 2020, research and development
costs accounted for approximately 0.7% and 0.8% of our revenues, respectively.
We pursue a strategy of identifying certain innovative proprietary technologies and
seeking patent protection when applicable. We have obtained patents for certain of our technologies and have pending patent applications
which relate to our manufacturing technology and certain products. We act to protect other innovative proprietary technologies developed
by us by implementing confidentiality protection measures without pursuing patent registration. No patent application is material to the
overall conduct of our business.
Research and development expenses were $4.1 million, $4.2 million and $4.0 million
in 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively.
For a description of our research and development policies, see “ITEM 4.B: Information
on the Company—Business Overview—Research and development.”
Other than as described in Item 3.D. “Risk Factors”,
in Item 5.A. “Operating Results—Factors impacting our results of operations”, and in Item 5.B. “Liquidity and
Capital Resources” of this annual report, which are incorporated by reference herein, we are not aware of any trends, uncertainties,
demands, commitments or events that are reasonably likely to have a material effect on our net revenues, income from operations, profitability,
liquidity or capital resources, or that would cause the disclosed financial information to be not necessarily indicative of future operating
results or financial condition.
E. |
Critical Accounting Estimates |
Our accounting policies affecting our financial condition and results of operations
are more fully described in our consolidated financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, included in this
annual report. The preparation of our financial statements requires management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect
the amounts reflected in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes, and related disclosure of contingent assets and
liabilities. We base our estimates upon various factors, including past experience, where applicable, external sources and on other assumptions
that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values
of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different
assumptions or conditions and could have a materially adverse effect on our reported results.
In many cases, the accounting treatment of a particular transaction, event or activity
is specifically dictated by accounting principles and does not require management’s judgment in its application, while in other
cases, management’s judgment is required in the selection of the most appropriate alternative among the available accounting principles,
that allow different accounting treatment for similar transactions.
We believe that the accounting policies discussed below are critical to our financial
results and to the understanding of our past and future performance as these policies relate to the more significant areas involving management’s
estimates and assumptions. We consider an accounting estimate to be critical if: (1) it requires us to make assumptions because information
was not available at the time or it included matters that were highly uncertain at the time we were making our estimate; and (2) changes
in the estimate or different estimates that we could have selected may have had a material impact on our financial condition or results
of operations.
Revenue recognition
We derive our revenues from sales of quartz surfaces mostly through a combination
of direct sales in certain markets and indirectly through a network of distributors in other markets.
Starting January 1, 2018, we adopted Accounting Standards Codification 606, Revenue
from Contracts with Customers (ASC 606).
Under ASC 606, revenue is recognized when a customer obtains control of promised goods
or services in an amount that reflects the consideration the entity expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. In addition,
ASC 606 requires disclosure of the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from contracts with customers.
We apply the following five steps in accordance with ASC 606:
(1) identify the contract
with a customer: A contract is an agreement between two or more parties that creates enforceable rights and obligations. In evaluating
the contract, we analyze the customer’s intent and ability to pay the amount of promised consideration (credit risk) and considers
the probability of collecting substantially all the consideration. We determine whether collectability is reasonably assured on a customer-by-customer
basis pursuant to various criteria including our historical experience, credit insurance results and other inputs.
(2) identify the performance
obligations in the contract: At a contract’s inception, we assess the goods or services promised in a contract with a customer and
identify the performance obligations. The main performance obligation is a delivery of our products.
(3) determine the transaction
price: Our products that are sold through agreements with distributors are non-exchangeable, non-refundable, non-returnable and without
any rights of price protection or stock rotation. Accordingly, we consider all the distributors to be end-consumers. For certain revenue
transactions with specific customers, we are responsible also for the fabrication and installation of our products. We recognize such
revenues upon receipt of acceptance evidence from the end consumer which occurs upon completion of the installation. Although, in general,
we do not grant rights of return, there are certain instances where such rights are granted. We maintain a provision for returns in accordance
with ASC 606, which is estimated, based primarily on historical experience as well as management judgment, and is recorded through a reduction
of revenue.
(4) allocate the transaction
price to the performance obligations in the contract: The majority of our revenues are sales of goods, therefore there is one main performance
obligation that absorbs the transaction price.
(5) recognize revenue when
a performance obligation is satisfied: Revenue is recognized when or as performance obligations are satisfied by transferring control
of a promised good or service to a customer. Control transfers at a point in time, which affects when revenue is recorded. The majority
of our revenues deriving from sales of products which are recognized when control is transferred based on the agreed International Commercial
terms, or “INCOTERMS”.
We adopted ASC 606 in the first quarter of 2018 using the modified retrospective method,
no cumulative effect adjustment as of the date of the adoption was required.
Prior years information has not been restated and continues to be reported under the
old accounting standard 605, “Revenue Recognition” (ASC 605).
Lease accounting
On January 1, 2019, we adopted Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”)
No. 2016-02, Leases (“Topic 842”), as amended, which supersedes the lease accounting
guidance under Topic 840, and generally requires lessees to recognize operating and financing lease liabilities and corresponding Right-Of-Use
(“ROU”) assets on the balance sheet and to provide enhanced disclosures surrounding
the amount, timing and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leasing arrangements. We adopted the new guidance using the modified retrospective
transition approach by applying the new standard to all leases existing on the date of initial application and not restating comparative
periods. The most significant impact was the recognition of ROU assets and lease liabilities for operating leases. See Note 2 and Note
10 to our Consolidated Financial Statements for the year ended December 31, 2022 for further information regarding leases.
Allowance for credit loss
Our trade receivables are derived from sales to customers located mainly in the United
States, Australia, Canada, Israel and Europe. We perform ongoing credit evaluations of our customers and to date have not experienced
any substantial losses. In certain circumstances, we may require letters of credit or prepayments. We maintain an allowance for credit
loss for estimated losses from the inability of our customers to make required payments that we have determined to be doubtful of collection.
We determine the adequacy of this allowance by regularly reviewing our accounts receivable and evaluating individual customers’
receivables, considering customers’ financial condition, credit history and other current economic conditions. If a customer’s
financial condition were to deteriorate which might impact its ability to make payment, then additional allowances may be required. Provisions
for credit loss are recorded in general and administrative expenses. Our allowance for credit loss was $9.8 million, $9.0 million and
$6.8 million as of December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively.
Inventory valuation
The majority of our inventory consists of finished goods and of raw materials. Inventories
are valued at the lower of cost or net realizable value, with cost of finished goods determined on the basis of direct manufacturing costs
plus allocable indirect costs representing allocable operating overhead expenses and manufacturing costs and cost of raw materials determined
using the “standard cost” method which approximates actual cost on a weighted average basis. We assess the valuation of our
inventory on a quarterly basis and periodically write down the value for different finished goods and raw material categories based on
their quality classes and aging. If we consider specific inventory to be obsolete, we write such inventory down to zero. Inventory provisions
are provided to cover risks arising from slow-moving items, discontinued products, excess inventories and net realizable value lower than
cost. The process for evaluating these write-offs often requires us to make subjective judgments and estimates concerning prices at which
such inventory will be able to be sold in the normal course of business. Accelerating the disposal process or incorrect estimates of future
sales potential may cause actual results to differ from the estimates at the time such inventory is disposed of or sold. Inventory provision
was $21.7 million, $16.8 million and $16.6 million as of December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively.
Goodwill and other long-lived assets
The purchase price of an acquired business is allocated between intangible assets
and the net tangible assets of the acquired business with the residual of the purchase price recorded as goodwill. The determination of
the value of the intangible assets acquired involves certain judgments and estimates. These judgments can include, but are not limited
to, the cash flows that an asset is expected to generate in the future and the appropriate weighted average cost of capital.
We assess the impairment of goodwill of our reporting unit annually during the fourth
quarter of each fiscal year, or more often if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable.
Goodwill is tested for impairment at the reporting unit level by first performing a qualitative assessment to determine whether it is
more likely than not that, the fair value of the reporting unit is less than is carrying value. If the reporting unit does not pass the
qualitative assessment, then the reporting unit’s carrying value is compared to its fair value. We have only one reporting unit
because all our components have similar economic characteristic, and we determine its fair value based on fair value methodologies include
estimates of future cash flows, future short-term and long-term growth rates and weighted average cost of capital, see also Note 2l and
7 in our financial statements.
As of December 31, 2021, our goodwill and identifiable intangible assets totaled
$45.8 million and $9.6 million, respectively As of December 31, 2022, our goodwill and identifiable intangible assets totaled $0 million
and $8.8 million, respectively. The decrease in goodwill was mainly attributable to the impairment performed, and the decrease in intangible
assets was mainly attributable to the amortization of intangibles assets related to the Lioli, Omicron and Magrab acquisitions.
As of December 31, 2022 an impairment had been identified and the company recognized
a full impairment charge for its goodwill balances in the amount of $44.8 million. As of December 31, 2021 and 2020, no impairment had
been identified.
We also evaluate the carrying value of all long-lived assets, such as property, plant
and equipment and right of use assets, for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of
an asset may not be recoverable. We will record an impairment loss when the carrying value of the underlying asset group exceeds its estimated
fair value. In determining whether long-lived assets are recoverable, our estimate of undiscounted future cash flows over the estimated
life of an asset is based upon our experience, historical operations of the asset, an estimate of future asset profitability and economic
conditions. The future estimates of asset profitability and economic conditions require estimating such factors as sales growth, inflation
and the overall economics of the countertop industry. Our estimates are subject to variability as future results can be difficult to predict.
If a long-lived asset is found to be non-recoverable, we record an impairment charge equal to the difference between the asset’s
carrying value and fair value.
As of December 31, 2022, the Company identified indicators for impairment, among others,
slow down in demand due to global market conditions, lower profudction utilization in certain plants, increased inflation and higher interest
rates. Following these indicators and in accordance with ASC360, we recorded a pre-tax non cash impairment loss for the excess of the
book value over its fair value related to Sdot Yam production facility assets group, in the amont of $26.4 million.
See also Note 6 and Note 7 to our financial statements included elsewhere in this
report
Fair value measurements
The performance of fair value measurements is an integral part of the preparation
of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. Fair value is defined as the price that would be
received to sell the asset or paid to transfer the liability in an orderly transaction between market participants to sell or transfer
such an asset or liability. Selection of the appropriate valuation techniques, as well as determination of assumptions, risks and estimates
used by market participants in pricing the asset or liability requires significant judgment. Although we believe that the inputs used
in our evaluation techniques are reasonable, a change in one or more of the inputs could result in an increase or decrease in the fair
value for example, of certain assets and certain liabilities and could have an impact on both our consolidated balance sheets and consolidated
statements of income.
Business Combination
We allocate the fair value of purchase consideration to the tangible assets acquired,
liabilities assumed, and intangible assets acquired based on their estimated fair value. The excess of the fair value of purchase consideration
over the fair values of these identifiable assets and liabilities is recorded as goodwill. Such valuations require our management to make
significant estimates and assumptions, especially with respect to intangible assets. Significant estimates in valuing certain intangible
assets include, but are not limited to, future expected cash flows from acquired operations and other intangible assets, their useful
lives and discount rates. Our management’s estimates of fair value are based upon assumptions believed to be reasonable, but which
are inherently uncertain and unpredictable and, as a result, actual results may differ from estimates. During the measurement period,
which is not to exceed one year from the acquisition date, we may record adjustments to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed, with
the corresponding offset to goodwill. Upon the conclusion of the measurement period, any subsequent adjustments are recorded to earnings.
Accounting for contingencies
We are involved in various product liability, commercial, environmental claims and
other legal proceedings that arise from time to time in the course of business. We record accruals for these types of contingencies to
the extent that we conclude their occurrence is probable and that the related liabilities are estimable. When accruing these costs, we
will recognize an accrual in the amount within a range of loss that is the best estimate within the range. When no amount within the range
is a better estimate than any other amount, we accrue for the minimum amount within the range. We record anticipated recoveries under
the applicable insurance policies, in the amounts that are covered, and we believe their collectability is probable. Legal costs are expensed
as incurred.
For unasserted claims or assessments, we followed the accounting guidance in ASC 450-20-50-6,
450-20-25-2 and 450-20-55-2 in which we must first determine that the probability that an assertion will be made is likely, then, a determination
as to the likelihood of an unfavorable outcome and the ability to reasonably estimate the potential loss is made.
We review the adequacy of the accruals on a periodic basis and may determine to alter
our reserves at any time in the future if we believe it would be appropriate to do so. As such, accruals are based on management’s
judgment as to the probability of losses and, where applicable, accruals may materially differ from settlements or other agreements made
with regards to such contingencies.
See Note 11 to our financial statements included elsewhere in this annual report and
“ITEM 8.A: Financial Information—Consolidated Financial Statements and Other Financial Information—Legal Proceedings”
for further information regarding legal matters.
Income taxes
We account for income taxes in accordance with ASC 740, “Income Taxes”,
which requires that deferred tax assets and liabilities be recognized using enacted tax rates for the effect of temporary differences
between the financial reporting and tax basis of recorded assets and liabilities. ASC 740 also requires that deferred tax assets be reduced
by a valuation allowance if it is more likely than not that some portion or all the deferred tax asset will not be realized. We have recorded
a valuation allowance to reduce our subsidiaries’ deferred tax assets to the amount that we believe is more likely than not to be
realized. Our assumptions regarding future realization may change due to future operating performance and other factors.
ASC 740 requires that companies recognize in their consolidated financial statements
the impact of a tax position if that position is not more likely than not of being sustained on audit based on the technical merits of
the position. ASC 740 also provides guidance on de-recognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods
and disclosure. We accrue interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in our tax expenses.
We establish reserves for tax-related uncertainties based on estimates of whether,
and the extent to which, additional taxes will be due. These reserves are established when we believe that certain positions might be
challenged despite our belief that our tax return positions are in accordance with applicable tax laws. As part of the determination of
our tax liability, management exercises considerable judgment in evaluating tax positions taken by us in determining the income tax provision
and establishes reserves for tax contingencies in accordance with ASC 740 guidelines. We adjust these reserves in light of changing facts
and circumstances, such as the closing of a tax audit, new tax legislation, or the change of an estimate based on new information. To
the extent that the final tax outcome of these matters is different from the amounts recorded, such differences will affect the provision
for income taxes in the period in which such determination is made. The provision for income taxes includes the effect of reserve provisions
and changes to reserves that are considered appropriate, as well as the related net interest and penalties.
We file income tax returns in Australia, Canada, Israel, Singapore, England, India,
Sweden and the United States. The Israeli tax authorities audited our income tax returns for the fiscal years leading up to and including
2019 and we were examined by the IRS in the United States for our income tax return for the fiscal years leading up to and including 2018.
We may be further subject to examination in the other countries in which we file tax returns and for any subsequent years. Management’s
judgment is required in determining our provision for income taxes in each of the jurisdictions in which we operate. The provision for
income tax is calculated based on our assumptions as to our entitlement to various benefits under the applicable tax laws in the jurisdictions
in which we operate. The entitlement to such benefits depends upon our compliance with the terms and conditions set out in these laws.
Although we believe that our estimates are reasonable and that we have considered future taxable income and ongoing prudent and feasible
tax strategies in estimating our tax outcome, there is no assurance that the final tax outcome will not be different than those which
are reflected in our historical income tax provisions and accruals. Such differences could have a material effect on our income tax provision,
net income and cash balances in the period in which such determination is made. See also note 12 to our financial statements included
elsewhere in this report.