United States Poised to be World’s Largest LNG Exporter in 2022 as China Becomes Top LNG Importer
05 Janvier 2022 - 11:16PM
Business Wire
The world’s two largest economies—the United States and Mainland
China—are poised to be the world’s top export and import markets
for liquefied natural gas (LNG) in 2022, says a new report by IHS
Markit, (NYSE: INFO), a world leader in critical information,
analytics and solutions.
This press release features multimedia. View
the full release here:
https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20220105006005/en/
IHS Markit estimate of liquefied natural
gas (LNG) trade in 2021, in million metric tons (MMt). (Graphic:
Business Wire)
The report, entitled LNG Trade in 2021: Runaway Recovery finds
that the United States, which was the third-largest LNG exporter
behind Australia and Qatar for the full year of 2021, is poised to
claim the top spot in 2022. The United States was the largest
source of LNG supply growth in 2021, adding 25 million metric tons
(MMt) amid continued buildup of liquefaction capacity as well as
the ramping up of output from plants turned down the previous year.
Average utilization for U.S. plants climbed from 43% in third
quarter 2020 to 98% in third quarter 2021.
Meanwhile, Mainland China has already become the top global
importer of LNG. Imports reached 81 MMt in 2021 (increase of 12.3
MMt or 18%), overtaking Japan where imports were flat
year-over-year at 75 MMt. This marks the first time since the early
1970s that Japan has not been the world’s largest LNG importer.
“A new map of LNG is taking shape as 2021 became the year of
rapid recovery, making the oversupply and price lows of 2020 seem
like a distant memory,” said Michael Stoppard, chief strategist,
global gas, IHS Markit. “It is a tale of two markets with China
fueling the demand surge as the world’s top importer and the United
States, poised to become the world’s leading exporter, providing
the supply push.”
Among other key LNG trends observed in the report:
- Long-term contract signings rebounded to an all-time high
after a pause in 2020. Over 65 million metric tons per annum
(MMtpa) of firm, long-term contracts were signed in 2021,
surpassing the previous record of 61 MMtpa in 2013. Among sellers,
signings were roughly evenly split between the United States,
Russia, Qatar and portfolio suppliers (although many of the latter
are likely to source volumes from US projects). In a notable
signpost of potential investment trends in 2022, U.S. projects were
by far the largest source of pre-final investment decision (FID)
contracts, as most contracts signed in Qatar and Russia were for
capacity that is either already existing or under construction.
Among buyers, mainland China was by far the largest specified
end-market, with Chinese buyers signing around 25 MMtpa of firm
long-term deals.
- Spot LNG prices have soared past previous records. Spot
LNG prices in Asia spiked to nearly $30 per million British thermal
units (MMBtu) for a few weeks in January 2021 during extreme cold
weather and transportation challenges before settling back to
normal ranges in the first half of the year. However, by August
both Asian and European spot LNG prices climbed well above their
oil price equivalent and remained above it for the rest of the
year. Prices ended December 2021 at $40/MMBtu—more than double the
previous peaks achieved in the several years following Japan’s 2011
nuclear crisis.
- Brazilian imports hit all-time high amidst drought.
Persistent dry weather in Brazil resulted in weak hydropower
generation, forcing the market to rely more heavily on LNG imports.
Brazil more than tripled its 2020 imports by receiving 7.5 MMt in
2021, surpassing the previous record of 5.8 MMt set in 2014.
- Amid strong global demand, European LNG imports fell. As
one of the most flexible regional import markets in the world,
European LNG deliveries are reflective of global market balances.
Given strong demand in Asia and South America, less LNG supply was
available to Europe and European LNG deliveries fell by 9% (7 MMt)
in 2021 to 77.2 MMt. However, this is well above the region’s
average import level (30-40 MMt) during previous years of LNG
market tightness (2012-2018) as imports were kept relatively high
by cold weather and low storage levels.
- Outside of the United States, utilization rates
suffered. Throughout the year, plants across the Atlantic and
Pacific Basins faced unexpected outages and gas feedstock
shortfalls from maturing production, dragging down average global
utilization below the previous five-year average (excluding the
price-responsive shut-ins in the United States in 2020).
Utilization was particularly weak during the summer in the northern
hemisphere, with non-U.S. global utilization averaging 11
percentage points lower than the five-year average.
Additional Reference: IHS Markit’s headline 2021 LNG trade
numbers
Total loaded LNG supply in 2021 reached 396.3 MMt, up 5.5% or
20.5 MMt relative to 2020. The largest LNG supplier in 2021 was
Australia at 83.0 MMt (1% increase or 0.6 MMt), followed by Qatar
at 81.3 MMt (2.0% increase or 1.6 MMt). The United States provided
the largest supply growth with 25.3 MMt of additional LNG (52%
increase), reaching 73.6 MMt.
Net delivered LNG trade* reached 381.9 MMt, up 5.8% or 21.0 MMt
from prior year. The largest growth came from mainland China,
propelling it to become the world’s largest LNG importer with 81.4
MMt (17.8% increase or 12.3 MMt). Japan fell to second place at
75.0 MMt (0.2% increase or 0.2 MMt), followed by South Korea at
46.4 MMt (13.6% increase or 5.6 MMt). The third largest growth in
2021 came from Brazil, which climbed by 5.1 MMt (210% increase) to
reach 7.5 MMt.
For more information about the report LNG Trade in 2021: Runaway
Recovery or about IHS Markit LNG research services visit
https://ihsmarkit.com/products/LNG-market-outlook-demand-forecast.html
* Excluding re-exported cargoes and boil-off.
About IHS Markit
(www.ihsmarkit.com)
IHS Markit (NYSE: INFO) is a world leader in critical
information, analytics and solutions for the major industries and
markets that drive economies worldwide. The company delivers
next-generation information, analytics and solutions to customers
in business, finance and government, improving their operational
efficiency and providing deep insights that lead to well-informed,
confident decisions. IHS Markit has more than 50,000 business and
government customers, including 80 percent of the Fortune Global
500 and the world’s leading financial institutions. Headquartered
in London, IHS Markit is committed to sustainable, profitable
growth.
IHS Markit is a registered trademark of IHS Markit Ltd. and/or
its affiliates. All other company and product names may be
trademarks of their respective owners © 2022 IHS Markit Ltd. All
rights reserved.
View source
version on businesswire.com: https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20220105006005/en/
News Media:
Jeff Marn IHS Markit +1 202 463 8213 Jeff.marn@ihsmarkit.com
Press Team +1 303 858 6417 press@ihsmarkit.com
Harbor ETF Trust (NYSE:INFO)
Graphique Historique de l'Action
De Nov 2024 à Déc 2024
Harbor ETF Trust (NYSE:INFO)
Graphique Historique de l'Action
De Déc 2023 à Déc 2024