NOTE 2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES Accounting Method The Company maintains its accounting records on an accrual method in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“US GAAP”). Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with US GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of certain assets and liabilities, certain disclosures at the date of the financial statements, as well as the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Significant estimates affecting the financial statements have been prepared based on the most current and best available information. However, actual results from the resolution of such estimates and assumptions may vary from those used in the preparation of the financial statements. Going Concern Since inception, the Company has incurred approximately $23.7 million of accumulated net losses. In addition, during the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company used $1,417,393 in operations and had a working capital deficit of $2.9 million. These factors raise substantial doubt regarding the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. The Company expects to obtain funding through additional debt and equity placement offerings until it consistently achieves positive cash flows from operations. If the Company is unable to obtain additional funding, it may not be able to meet all of its obligations as they come due for the next twelve months. The continuing viability of the entity and its ability to continue as a going concern is dependent upon the entity being successful in its continuing efforts in growing its revenue base and/or accessing additional sources of capital, and/or selling assets. As a result, there is significant uncertainty about whether the entity will continue as a going concern and, therefore, whether it will realize its assets and settle its liabilities and commitments in the normal course of business and at the amounts stated in the financial statements. Accordingly, no adjustments have been made to the financial statements relating to the recoverability and classification of the asset carrying amounts or the amount and classification of liabilities that might be necessary should the entity not continue as a going concern. At this time, management is of the opinion that no asset is likely to be realized for an amount less than the amount at which it is recorded in the financial statements as at December 31, 2023. Revenue Recognition Revenues are recognized in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers when performance obligations are satisfied through the transfer of promised goods to the Company’s customers. Control transfers upon shipment of product and when the title has been passed to the customers. This includes the transfer of legal title, physical possession, the risks and rewards of ownership, and customer acceptance. Revenue is recorded net of sales taxes collected from customers on behalf of taxing authorities, allowance for estimated returns, chargebacks, and markdowns based upon management’s estimates and the Company’s historical experience. The Company’s liability for sales return refunds is recognized within other current liabilities, and an asset for the value of inventory that is expected to be returned is recognized within other current assets on the balance sheets. The Company generally allows a 30-day right of return to its customers. As of both December 31, 2023, and 2022, the sales returns allowance was $6,990. Certain larger customers pay in advance for future shipments. These advance payments totaled $197,325 and $217,588 at December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and are recorded as customer deposits in the accompanying balance sheets. Revenue related to these advance payments is recognized upon shipment to the distributor or the end customer. At the completion of the initial three-year warranty, the Company sells extended warranties for periods ranging from one to three years. Revenue is recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the contract. At December 31, 2023, and 2022, deferred revenue of $20,787 and $23,313 is recorded, respectively, in current liabilities in the accompanying balance sheets, in connection with these extended warranties. Cash and Cash Equivalents The Company considers all highly liquid investments purchased with original maturities of three months or less to be cash equivalents. Accounts Receivable Accounts receivable are stated at amounts due from customers, net of an allowance for doubtful accounts, and the Company generally does not require collateral. As a general policy, the Company determines an allowance for doubtful accounts by considering a number of factors, including the length of time trade accounts receivable are past due, the Company’s previous loss history, the customer’s current ability to pay its obligation to the Company, and the condition of the general economy and industry as a whole. The Company writes off accounts receivable when they become uncollectible, and payments subsequently received on such receivables are credited to the allowance for doubtful accounts. The Company recorded an allowance for doubtful accounts of $1,845 and $1,000 as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Financial Instruments and Concentrations of Business and Credit Risk The Company maintains cash balances that can, at times, exceed amounts insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. The Company has not experienced any losses in these accounts and believes it is not exposed to any significant credit risk. The Company’s accounts receivable, which are unsecured, expose the Company to credit risks such as collectability and business risks such as customer concentrations. The Company mitigates credit risk by investigating the creditworthiness of all customers prior to establishing relationships with them, performing periodic review of the credit activities of those customers during the course of the business relationship, regularly analyzing the collectability of accounts receivables, and recording allowances for doubtful accounts when these receivables become uncollectible. The Company mitigates business risks by attempting to diversify its customer base. Significant customer sales greater than 10% as a percentage of total sales are as follows: | | | | | | | | YEAR ENDED DEC 31, | | | | 2023 | | 2022 | | Customer A | | 19.9 | % | 23.5 | % | Customer B | | 11.4 | % | 13.5 | % |
Amounts due these customers totaled $12,442 and $13,342 at December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively for commissions and reimbursements. Amounts due from these customers totaled $594 and $0 at December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. Customer deposits on hand from these customers totaled $70,950 and $73,385 at December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. The loss of these customers would have a significant impact on the operations and cash flows of the Company. The Company’s supplier concentrations expose the Company to business risks, which the Company mitigates by attempting to diversify its supply chain. Significant supplier purchases, including inventory deposits, as a percentage of total inventory purchases are as follows: | | | | | | | | YEAR ENDED DEC 31, | | | | 2023 | | 2022 | | Supplier A | | 31.4 | % | 81.6 | % | Supplier D | | 58.6 | % | — | |
There were no amounts outstanding due these suppliers at December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022. The loss of key vendors may have a significant impact on the operations and cash flows of the Company. The estimated fair value of financial instruments has been determined using available market information and appropriate valuation methodologies. However, considerable judgment is often required to interpret market data used to develop the estimates of fair value. Accordingly, the estimates presented may not be indicative of the amounts the Company could realize in a current market exchange. The use of different market assumptions and/or estimation methodologies could have a material effect on the estimated fair value amounts. Disclosure of Fair Value The disclosure requirements within Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) Topic 820-10, Fair Value Measurement, require disclosure of estimated fair values of certain financial instruments. For financial instruments recognized at fair value in the Company’s statements of operations, the disclosure requirements of ASC Topic 820-10 also apply. The methods and assumptions are set forth below: | ● | Cash and cash equivalents are carried at cost, which approximates fair value. |
| ● | The carrying amounts of receivables approximate fair value due to their short-term maturities. |
| ● | The carrying amounts of payables approximate fair value due to their short-term maturities. |
Asset and liabilities measured and reported at fair value are classified and disclosed in one of the following categories based on inputs: Level 1 — Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities that the reporting entity has the ability to access at the measurement date. Level 2 — Inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset and liability or can be corroborated with observable market data for substantially the entire contractual term of the asset or liability. Level 3 — Pricing inputs include significant unobservable inputs used in determining the fair value of investments. The types of investments, which would generally be included in this category include equity securities issued by private entities. In certain cases, the inputs used to measure fair value may fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy. In such cases, the determination of which category within the fair value hierarchy is appropriate for any given investment is based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The Company’s assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment and considers factors specific to the investment. The following table presents changes during the year ended December 31, 2023 in Level 3 liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis: | | | | Fair value- December 31, 2022 | | $ | — | Derivative liabilities in conjunction with convertible promissory note defaults | | | 491,846 | Conversion of convertible promissory notes | | | (80,122) | Change in fair value of derivative liabilities | | | 120,610 | Fair value- December 31, 2023 | | $ | 532,334 |
There were no Level 3 liabilities in 2022. Inventories Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market. Cost is determined based on the first-in, first-out cost flow assumption (“FIFO”) while market is determined based upon the estimated net realizable value less an allowance for selling and distribution expenses and a normal gross profit. The Company evaluates the need for inventory reserves associated with obsolete, slow moving, and non-sellable inventory by reviewing estimated net realizable values on a periodic basis. As of December 31, 2023, and 2022, the Company believes there are no excess and obsolete inventories and accordingly, did not record an inventory reserve. Inventories consist of purchased finished goods. Property and Equipment Property and equipment are recorded at cost and is comprised of a building, tooling and office furniture and equipment. The building, which was sold in March 2023, was depreciated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful life of 40 years Tooling, office furniture and equipment are depreciated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of three to seven years. Betterments, renewals, and extraordinary repairs that materially extend the useful life of the asset are capitalized; other repairs and maintenance charges are expensed as incurred. The cost and related accumulated depreciation applicable to assets retired are removed from the accounts, and the gain or loss on disposition, if any, is recognized in the accompanying statements of operations. Impairment of Long-Lived Assets In accordance with FASB ASC Topic 360, Property, Plant and Equipment, long-lived assets such as property and equipment are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. An impairment loss is recognized on long-lived assets when indicators of impairment are present and the undiscounted future cash flows estimated to be generated by those assets are less than the carrying amount of the assets. In such cases, the carrying value of these assets are adjusted to their estimated fair values and assets held for sale are adjusted to their estimated fair values less selling expenses. No impairment losses of long-lived assets were recognized for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022. Equity Issued with Convertible Debt The Company is required to issue warrants in conjunction with certain convertible debt. The warrants qualified for equity accounting as the warrants did not fall within the scope of ASC Topic 480, Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity. The warrants were measured at fair value at the time of issuance and classified as equity. The Company values the warrants using a Black Scholes Merton and Monte Carlo pricing models and records the warrants as a reduction of the notes included in the debt discount balance. Income Taxes The Company, which was formed as a Limited liability Company in Arizona, previously filed an Entity Classification Election, commonly known as a check-the-box-election, to be classified as a corporation for tax purposes. The Company also made an election to be treated for income tax purposes as an S corporation. Under U.S. and Arizona law, the taxable income or loss of an S corporation is included in the shareholder’s income tax returns. In August 2017, the Company converted to a Delaware Corporation. The conversion was tax-free under Internal Revenue Code Section 368(a)(1)(F) and is referred to as an F-reorganization, which is typically defined as a mere change in identity, form or place of organization. Management elected to terminate the S corporation election effective January 1, 2018 and the Company will operate for tax purposes as a C corporation from that date forward. The Company follows the provisions of uncertain tax positions as addressed in FASB ASC Subtopic 740-10-65-1, Income Taxes. The Company has no such tax positions as of both December 31, 2023 and 2022, for which the ultimate deductibility is highly certain but for which there is uncertainty about the timing of such deductibility. The Company recognizes interest accrued related to unrecognized tax benefits in interest expense and penalties in selling, general and administrative expenses. No such interest or penalties were recognized during the periods presented. The Company had no accruals for interest and penalties as of December 31, 2023 and 2022. The Company files income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction and various state jurisdictions. The federal and state income tax returns of the Company are subject to examination by the IRS and state taxing authorities, generally for three years after they were filed. There are no examinations currently pending. The Company’s tax provision for 2023 related to deferred tax charges consisting of accrued liabilities, customer deposits and accounts payable, for which the Company will receive the benefit from when paid and the net operating loss incurred during 2023. During the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company evaluated its deferred tax assets of $1,260,254 and determined a full valuation allowance was appropriate since it is not more likely than not that the Company will produce income in the foreseeable future to utilize the Net Operating Loss (NOL) carryforward. Deferred tax assets related primarily to book to tax timing differences pertaining to accrued liabilities of $38,465, accounts payable of $7,061 and customer deposits of $5,248 after applying a blended federal and state effective tax rate of 25.9%. In addition, the deferred tax balance also increased as a result of the federal NOL increasing by $262,276 after applying the 21% federal tax rate. During the year ended December 31, 2023, the valuation allowance increased by $326,627 to fully offset the increase in the deferred tax asset. The Company’s tax provision for 2022 related to deferred tax charges consisting of accrued liabilities and accounts payable, for which the Company will receive the benefit from when paid and the net operating loss incurred during 2022. During the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company evaluated its deferred tax assets of $933,627 and determined a full valuation allowance was appropriate. Deferred tax assets related primarily to accrued liabilities, customer deposits and accounts payable of $263,660. During the year ended December 31, 2022, the valuation allowance increased by $53,288. For the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 the Company’s net operating loss carry forward was increased by $1,313,286 and $214,257, respectively. NOLs originating in 2022 and 2023 can be carried forward indefinitely until the loss is fully recovered, but they are limited to 80% of the taxable income in any one tax period. However, this 80% limitation was removed for the 2018, 2019, and 2020 tax years by the CARES Act, which also allows for a 5-year carryback of the NOLs generated in 2018 and 2019. The difference between the statutory rate of 21% and the effective tax rate is due to permanent differences and a full valuation allowance. Total net loss operating carry forward at December 31, 2023 and 2022 totaled $5,403,695 and $4,090,409, respectively. Sales Taxes Sales taxes for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 were recorded on a net basis. Included in accrued expenses at both December 31, 2023 and 2022 is approximately $61,000 related to sales taxes. Shipping and Handling Costs The Company included shipping and handling costs in cost of sales on the accompanying statements of operations for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022. Warranty The Company warranties the sale of most of its products and records an accrual for estimated future claims. The standard warranty is typically for a period of three years. Such accruals are based upon historical experience and management’s estimate of the level of future claims. The Company recorded a liability as of, December 31, 2023 and 2022 of $16,642 and $12,679, respectively. The expense is included in cost of sales in the statements of operations and within accrued expenses on the accompanying balance sheets. Variable lease payments not dependent on a rate or index associated with the Company’s leases are recognized when the event, activity, or circumstance in the lease agreement on which those payments are assessed as probable. Variable lease payments are presented as operating expenses in the Company’s statement of operations in the same line as expense arising from fixed lease payments. As of December 31, 2023, management determined that there were no variable lease costs. Research and Development Costs Research and development costs are expensed as incurred. Total research and development costs amounted to $231,434 and $92,299 the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Total research and development costs are included in selling, general and administrative expenses on the accompanying statements of operations. Net Loss per Share Net earnings or loss per share is computed by dividing net income or loss by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period, excluding shares subject to redemption or forfeiture. The Company presents basic and diluted net earnings or loss per share. Diluted net earnings or loss per share reflect the actual weighted average of common shares issued and outstanding during the period, adjusted for potentially dilutive securities outstanding. Potentially dilutive securities are excluded from the computation of the diluted net loss per share if their inclusion would be anti-dilutive. As all potentially dilutive securities are anti-dilutive as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, diluted net loss per share is the same as basic net loss per share for each year. Warrants, accrued liabilities to be converted to common stock and convertible promissory notes with underlying shares totaling 1,535,713,792 and 231,796,422 at December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, have not been included in the net loss per share calculation. The number of shares excluded for the year ended December 31, 2023 has been limited to the extent covered by total authorized shares, and does not include the impact of potential shares totaling approximately 420 million, that otherwise would have been included. The number of underlying shares related to convertible promissory notes may vary based upon the actual date of conversion. COVID-19 On January 30, 2020, the World Health Organization declared the COVID-19 outbreak a “Public Health Emergency of International Concern” and on March 10, 2020, declared it to be a pandemic. Actions taken around the world to help mitigate the spread of the COVID-19 include restrictions on travel, and quarantines in certain areas, and forced closures for certain types of public places and businesses. COVID-19, and actions taken to mitigate it, have had and are expected to continue to have an adverse impact on the economies and financial markets of many countries, including the geographical area in which the Company operates. While we are taking diligent steps to mitigate disruptions to our supply chain, we are unable to predict the extent or nature of these impacts at this time to our future financial condition and results of operations. Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements In June 2016, the FASB issued guidance (FASB ASC 326) which significantly changed how entities will measure credit losses for most financial assets and certain other instruments that aren’t measured at fair value through net income. The most significant change in this standard is a shift from the incurred loss model to the expected loss model. Under the standard, disclosures are required to provide users of the financial statements with useful information in analyzing an entity’s exposure to credit risk and the measurement of credit losses. Financial assets held by the company that are subject to the guidance in FASB ASC 326 were trade accounts receivable. We adopted the standard effective January 1, 2023. The impact of the adoption was not considered material to the financial statements and primarily resulted in new/enhanced disclosures only. Management does not believe that any other recently issued, but not yet effective, authoritative guidance, if currently adopted, would have a material impact on the Company’s financial statement presentation or disclosures.
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