UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 6-K

REPORT OF FOREIGN PRIVATE ISSUER PURSUANT TO RULE 13A-16 OR 15D-16 UNDER THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the month of August 2024
Commission File Number 001-39750

DOCEBO INC.
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)
N/A
(Translation of Registrant’s name)

366 Adelaide St. West
Suite 701
Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5V 1R7
(800) 681-4601
(Address and telephone number of registrant’s principal executive offices)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant files or will file annual reports under cover of Form 20-F or Form 40-F:
Form 20-F☐Form 40-F☒

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is submitting the Form 6-K in paper as permitted by Regulation S-T Rule 101(b)(1): ____

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is submitting the Form 6-K in paper as permitted by Regulation S-T Rule 101(b)(7): ____




INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE

Exhibits 99.1, 99.2, 99.4 and 99.5 of this Form 6-K are incorporated by reference to the registrant's Registration Statement on Form F-10 (File No. 333-251046), the registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-8 (File No. 333-251417) and the registrant’s Registration Statement on Form F-3 (File No. 333-262000).


DOCUMENTS INCLUDED AS PART OF THIS REPORT

Exhibit
99.1
99.2
99.3
99.4
99.5
101.INSInline XBRL Instance Document.
101.SCHInline XBRL Taxonomy Schema Linkbase Document.
101.CALInline XBRL Taxonomy Calculation Linkbase Document.
101.DEFInline XBRL Taxonomy Definition Linkbase Document.
101.LABInline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.
101.PREInline XBRL Taxonomy Presentation Linkbase Document.
104Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101).


SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

Docebo Inc.
Date:August 8, 2024By:/s/ Sukaran Mehta
Name:Sukaran Mehta
Title:Chief Financial Officer

                                                                                                                                                                    
DOCEBO INC.
UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED INTERIM STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL POSITION
(expressed in thousands of United States dollars)


June 30,December 31,
2024
2023
$$
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents82,084 71,950 
Trade and other receivables (Note 4)
42,244 41,775 
Income taxes receivable599 964 
Prepaids and deposits8,860 5,987 
Net investment in finance lease 81 83 
Contract costs, net
7,661 6,394 
141,529 127,153 
Non-current assets:
Contract costs, net
11,639 10,750 
Net investment in finance lease4 45 
Deferred tax asset
845 325 
Right-of-use assets, net (Note 5)
1,647 1,342 
Property and equipment, net (Note 6)
1,939 2,108 
Intangible assets, net (Note 7)
2,030 2,401 
Goodwill (Note 8)
14,075 14,251 
173,708 158,375 
Liabilities
Current liabilities:
Trade and other payables33,738 31,663 
Automatic share repurchase plan liability (Note 10)
17,727 — 
Income taxes payable274 251 
Deferred revenue
72,714 67,268 
Lease obligations (Note 5)
1,861 1,470 
Acquisition holdback payables816 — 
127,130 100,652 
Non-current liabilities:
Acquisition holdback payables— 1,045 
Deferred revenue
266 617 
Lease obligations (Note 5)
384 639 
Employee benefit obligations
3,468 3,285 
Deferred tax liability
— 1,416 
131,248 107,654 
Shareholders’ equity
Share capital (Note 10)
248,948 247,496 
Contributed surplus17,493 13,960 
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
(7,290)(5,946)
Deficit
(216,691)(204,789)
Total equity42,460 50,721 
173,708 158,375 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements.

1
DOCEBO INC.
UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED INTERIM STATEMENTS OF INCOME AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(expressed in thousands of United States dollars, except per share amounts)
Three months ended
June 30,
Six months ended
June 30,
202420232024
2023
$$$$
Revenue (Note 13)
53,054 43,594 104,457 85,053 
Cost of revenue (Note 14)
10,257 8,410 20,183 16,464 
Gross profit42,797 35,184 84,274 68,589 
Operating expenses
General and administrative 8,176 9,345 16,331 16,901 
Sales and marketing16,895 18,048 33,328 34,820 
Research and development10,766 8,808 21,178 16,185 
Share-based compensation (Note 11)
1,923 1,326 3,855 2,593 
Foreign exchange (gain) loss
(310)4,355 (810)4,457 
Depreciation and amortization (Note 5, 6 and 7)
824 824 1,642 1,531 
38,274 42,706 75,524 76,487 
Operating income (loss)
4,523 (7,522)8,750 (7,898)
Finance income, net (Note 9)
(671)(2,406)(1,216)(4,573)
Other (income) expense, net
(14)— (15)183 
Income (loss) before income taxes
5,208 (5,116)9,981 (3,508)
Income tax expense
510 558 114 921 
Net income (loss)
4,698 (5,674)9,867 (4,429)
Other comprehensive loss (income)
Item that may be reclassified subsequently to income:
Exchange loss (gain) on translation of foreign operations
447 (4,209)1,344 (4,368)
Comprehensive income (loss)
4,251 (1,465)8,523 (61)
Earnings per share - basic (Note 12)
0.15 (0.17)0.33(0.13)
Earnings per share - diluted (Note 12)
0.15 (0.17)0.32(0.13)
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding - basic (Note 12)
30,350,110 33,151,370 30,334,858 33,127,156 
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding - diluted (Note 12)
31,059,307 33,151,370 31,051,667 33,127,156 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements.

2
DOCEBO INC.
UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED INTERIM STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(expressed in thousands of United States dollars, except number of shares)

Share capitalContributed surplus
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
Deficit
Total
#$$$$$
Balance, December 31, 2022
32,913,955 268,194 8,458 (9,571)(74,870)192,211 
Exercise of stock options (Note 10 and 11)
8,735 149 (49)— — 100 
Share-based compensation (Note 11)
— — 2,593 — — 2,593 
Share issuance under employee share purchase plan (Note 10 and 11)
8,785 322 (58)— — 264 
Release of restricted share units (Note 10 and 11)
18,442 653 (653)— — — 
Issuance of common shares related to business combination50,550 1,625 — — — 1,625 
Shares repurchased for cancellation (Note 10)
(279,676)(2,242)— — (7,994)(10,236)
Share repurchase commitment under the automatic share purchase plan (Note 10)
— — — — (41,958)(41,958)
Comprehensive income (loss)— — — 4,368 (4,429)(61)
Balance, June 30, 2023
32,720,791 268,701 10,291 (5,203)(129,251)144,538 
Balance, December 31, 2023
30,305,156 247,496 13,960 (5,946)(204,789)50,721 
Exercise of stock options (Note 10 and 11)
13,871 422 (132)— — 290 
Share-based compensation (Note 11)
— — 3,855 — — 3,855 
Share issuance under employee share purchase plan (Note 10 and 11)
6,647 310 (47)— — 263 
Release of restricted share units (Note 10 and 11)
38,773 1,466 (1,466)— — — 
Release of shares in escrow related to business combination (Note 10)
8,728 330 (330)— — — 
Shares repurchased for cancellation (Note 10)
(138,186)(1,076)— — (4,042)(5,118)
Share repurchase commitment under the automatic share purchase plan (Note 10)
— — — — (17,727)(17,727)
Excess tax benefit on stock compensation— — 1,653 — — 1,653 
Comprehensive (loss) income
— — — (1,344)9,867 8,523 
Balance, June 30, 2024
30,234,989 248,948 17,493 (7,290)(216,691)42,460 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements.

3
DOCEBO INC.
UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED INTERIM STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(expressed in thousands of United States dollars)

Six months ended
June 30,
2024
2023
$$
Cash flows from operating activities
Net income (loss)
9,867 (4,429)
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash from operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization1,642 1,531 
Share-based compensation3,855 2,593 
Loss on disposal of asset
(10)197 
Unrealized foreign exchange (gain) loss
(1,620)4,408 
Income tax expense
114 921 
Finance income, net
(1,216)(4,573)
Changes in non-cash working capital items:
Trade and other receivables(723)(912)
Prepaids and deposits(3,004)(3,361)
Contract costs, net
(2,384)(3,590)
Trade and other payables2,731 5,575 
Employee benefit obligations283 335 
Deferred revenue5,673 4,877 
Income taxes paid(21)(299)
Cash from operating activities
15,187 3,273 
Cash flows used in investing activities
Purchase of property and equipment(487)(266)
Payments related to acquisitions(250)(216)
Acquisition of business, net of cash acquired— (8,671)
Cash used in investing activities
(737)(9,153)
Cash flows (used in) from financing activities
Payments received on net investment in finance lease44 64 
Repayment of lease obligations(949)(850)
Interest received1,155 4,056 
Proceeds from exercise of stock options290 100 
Proceeds from share issuance under employee share purchase plan263 264 
Shares repurchased for cancellation(5,081)(10,236)
Cash used in financing activities
(4,278)(6,602)
Net change in cash and cash equivalents during the period
10,172 (12,482)
Effect of foreign exchange on cash and cash equivalents(38)112 
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of the period
71,950 216,293 
Cash and cash equivalents, end of the period
82,084 203,923 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements.

4
DOCEBO INC.
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
June 30, 2024
(expressed in thousands of US dollars, except share amounts)
1Nature of business

Docebo Inc. (“Docebo” or the “Company”), a leading learning platform provider, was incorporated on April 21, 2016 under the Canada Business Corporations Act and is domiciled in Ontario, Canada. The Company’s head office is located at Suite 701, 366 Adelaide Street West, Toronto, Canada, M5V 1R9.

The Company’s shares are listed on both the Toronto Stock Exchange (“TSX”), as of October 8, 2019, and the Nasdaq Global Select Market (“Nasdaq”), as of December 3, 2020, under the stock symbol “DCBO”.

The Company has the following subsidiaries:

Entity nameCountry
Ownership percentage
June 30,
2024
Ownership percentage
December 31, 2023
%%
Docebo S.p.AItaly100100
Docebo NA, Inc.United States100100
Docebo EMEA FZ-LLCDubai100100
Docebo UK LimitedEngland100100
Docebo France Société par Actions Simplifiée (“Docebo France”)France100100
Docebo DACH GmbH (“Docebo Germany”)Germany100100
Docebo Australia Pty Ltd. ("Docebo Australia")Australia100100
Docebo Ireland LimitedIreland100100
Circles Collective Inc. ("PeerBoard")United States100100
Edugo AI HK Limited ("Edugo.AI")Hong Kong100100
Edugo AI Learning Software Limited ("Edugo.AI LS")1
Dubai6060

1Edugo AI Learning Software Limited was incorporated on October 3, 2023. As of June 30, 2024, the value of the identifiable net assets was nil. As such, no non-controlling interest was recognized.

2Basis of preparation

Statement of compliance

The unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements (“financial statements”) have been prepared by management using the same accounting policies and methods as those used in the Company’s consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2023. These unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements have been prepared in accordance with IAS 34 – Interim Financial Reporting. Accordingly, certain disclosures normally included in annual financial statements prepared in accordance with IFRS Accounting Standards (“IFRS”) as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (“IASB”) have been omitted or condensed. These unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2023.

These financial statements were approved and authorized for issuance by the Board of Directors of the Company on August 7, 2024.

Use of estimates, assumptions and judgments

The preparation of these financial statements in conformity with IFRS requires management to make estimates, assumptions and judgments that affect the application of accounting policies and the reported amounts of assets and

5
DOCEBO INC.
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
June 30, 2024
(expressed in thousands of US dollars, except share amounts)
liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the period. Actual results may differ from those estimates.

Estimates are based on management’s best knowledge of current events and actions the Company may undertake in the future. Estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognized in the period in which the estimate is revised if the revision affects only that period, or in the period of the revision and future periods if the revision affects both current and future periods.

In preparing these financial statements, the significant judgments made by management in applying the Company’s accounting policies and the key sources of uncertainty are the same as those applied and described in the Company’s annual audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2023.

3Summary of material accounting policies

The material accounting policies applied in these financial statements are the same as those applied and described in the Company’s annual audited consolidated financial statements as at and for the year ended December 31, 2023.

4Trade and other receivables

The Company’s trade and other receivables as at June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 include the following:
2024
2023
$$
Trade receivables35,812 36,355 
Accrued revenues4,300 3,486 
Tax credits receivable1,801 1,890 
Interest receivable159 — 
Other receivables172 44 
42,244 41,775 

Included in trade receivables is a provision for expected credit losses of $1,271 as at June 30, 2024 and $1,053 as at December 31, 2023.

5Leases

The Company’s right-of-use assets by class of assets are as follows:
PremisesOthersTotal
$$$
Costs
Balance – December 31, 2023
5,1543325,486
Additions1,052—1,052
Modifications to and disposals of lease contracts(236)(154)(390)
Effects of foreign exchange(207)(10)(217)
Balance – June 30, 2024
5,7631685,931

6
DOCEBO INC.
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
June 30, 2024
(expressed in thousands of US dollars, except share amounts)
PremisesOthersTotal
Accumulated amortization
Balance – December 31, 2023
3,8862584,144
Amortization67714691
Modifications to and disposals of lease contracts(217)(154)(371)
Effects of foreign exchange(191)11(180)
Balance – June 30, 2024
4,1551294,284
Carrying value
Net balance – December 31, 2023
1,268741,342
Net balance – June 30, 2024
1,608391,647

The Company’s lease obligations are as follows:
2024
$
Balance – January 12,109 
Additions1,052 
Disposals(29)
Interest accretion78 
Lease repayments(949)
Effects of foreign exchange(16)
Balance -June 30
2,245 
Current1,861 
Non-current384 
2,245 

Expenses incurred for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 relating to short-term leases and leases of low-value assets were $31 and $54, respectively (2023 - $30 and $68).


7
DOCEBO INC.
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
June 30, 2024
(expressed in thousands of US dollars, except share amounts)
6Property and equipment
Furniture and office equipmentLeasehold improvementsLand and BuildingTotal
$$$$
Cost
Balance – December 31, 2023
3,598 1,973 348 5,919 
Additions463 24 — 487 
Effects of foreign exchange(81)(40)(9)(130)
Balance – June 30, 2024
3,980 1,957 339 6,276 
Accumulated depreciation
Balance – December 31, 2023
2,382 1,328 101 3,811 
Depreciation435 165 6 606 
Effects of foreign exchange(53)(22)(5)(80)
Balance – June 30, 2024
2,764 1,471 102 4,337 
Carrying value
Balance – December 31, 2023
1,216 645 247 2,108 
Balance – June 30, 2024
1,216 486 237 1,939 

7Intangible assets
Acquired
Customer relationshipsTechnologyTrademarksTotal
$$$$
Cost
Balance – December 31, 2023
1,382 2,349 44 3,775 
Effects of foreign exchange(42)(16)(1)(59)
Balance – June 30, 2024
1,340 2,333 43 3,716 
Accumulated amortization
Balance – December 31, 2023
729 601 44 1,374 
Amortization112 233 — 345 
Effects of foreign exchange(22)(10)(1)(33)
Balance – June 30, 2024
819 824 43 1,686 
Carrying value
Balance – December 31, 2023
653 1,748 — 2,401 
Balance – June 30, 2024
521 1,509 — 2,030 

8Goodwill

$
Balance – December 31, 2023
14,251 
Effects of foreign exchange(176)
Balance – June 30, 2024
14,075 

8
DOCEBO INC.
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
June 30, 2024
(expressed in thousands of US dollars, except share amounts)

9Finance income, net

Finance income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023 is comprised of:
Three months ended June 30,
Six months ended June 30,
2024
2023
2024
2023
$$$$
Interest on acquisition related consideration11 20 21 36 
Interest on lease obligations37 53 78 112 
Interest income(719)(2,479)(1,315)(4,721)
(671)(2,406)(1,216)(4,573)

10Share capital
Authorized:
Unlimited common shares with no par value
Issued and outstanding:
Number of shares
Amount
#$
Balance – December 31, 2023
30,305,156 247,496 
Exercise of stock options13,871 422 
Issuance of common shares under employee share purchase plan6,647 310 
Release of restricted share units38,773 1,466 
Release of shares in escrow related to business combination (i)
8,728 330 
Purchase of common shares held for cancellation (ii)
(138,186)(1,076)
Balance – June 30, 2024
30,234,989 248,948 

(i) Purchase consideration for the acquisition of Circles Collective Inc. (O/A PeerBoard) included the issuance of an additional 26,185 common shares, at a fair value of $40.74 (C$51.68) per share, payable through April 2026 to an employee of the acquiree contingent on continued employment and is accounted for as compensation for post-acquisition services. On April 3, 2024, 8,728 of the shares were released from escrow and recognized in share capital.

(ii) On May 6, 2024, the Company renewed its normal course issuer bid (“NCIB”) to repurchase and cancel up to 1,764,037 of its common shares, representing approximately 10% of the public float, over the 12-month period commencing May 20, 2024, and ending no later than May 19, 2025. All repurchases are made through the facilities of the Toronto Stock Exchange and are done at market prices. The amounts paid in excess of the average book value of the common shares are charged to deficit. During the six-months ended June 30, 2024, the Company repurchased a total of 138,186 common shares for cancellation at an average price of $36.77 (C$50.09) per common share for total cash consideration of $5,081, including transaction costs.

In connection with the NCIB, the Company entered into an automatic share purchase plan ("ASPP") with a designated broker for the purpose of allowing the Company to purchase its common shares under the NCIB during self-imposed trading blackout periods. Under the ASPP, the broker is authorized to repurchase common shares during blackout periods, without consultation with the Company, on predefined terms, including share price, time period and subject to other limitations imposed by the Company and subject to rules and policies of the TSX and applicable securities laws, such as a daily purchase restriction.

A liability, representing the maximum amount that the Company could be required to pay the designated broker

9
DOCEBO INC.
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
June 30, 2024
(expressed in thousands of US dollars, except share amounts)
under the ASPP, was recorded for $17,727 as at June 30, 2024. The amount was charged to deficit.

11Share-based compensation

The Company has four components of its share-based compensation plan: stock options, deferred share units (“DSUs”), restricted share units (“RSUs”), and employee share purchase plan (“ESPP”). Share-based compensation expense for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 was $1,923 and $3,855, respectively (2023 - $1,326 and $2,593). The expense associated with each component is as follows:

Three months ended June 30,
Six months ended June 30,
2024
2023
2024
2023
$$$$
Stock options810 460 1,577 1,026 
DSUs247 224 515 453 
RSUs844 619 1,715 1,056 
ESPP22 23 48 58 
1,923 1,326 3,855 2,593 

The following table presents share-based compensation expense by function for the three and six months ended June 30:

Three months ended June 30,
Six months ended June 30,
2024
2023
2024
2023
$$$$
Cost of revenue57 91 150 116 
General and administrative1,292 792 2,417 1,525 
Sales and marketing381 59 836 504 
Research and development193 384 452 448 
1,923 1,326 3,855 2,593 

The changes in the number of stock options during the six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023 were as follows:
2024
2023
Number of optionsWeighted average exercise priceNumber of optionsWeighted average exercise price
#C$#C$
Options outstanding – January 1825,091 28.37 1,349,001 13.60 
Options granted179,233 62.19 215,575 52.15 
Options forfeited(21,372)57.92 (77,523)40.30 
Options exercised(13,871)27.03 (8,735)16.00 
Options expired(895)49.44 — — 
Options outstanding – June 30
968,186 33.98 1,478,318 17.81 
Options exercisable – June 30
537,438 19.06 1,030,186 6.81 

The weighted average fair value of share options granted during the six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023 was estimated at the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model using the following inputs:


10
DOCEBO INC.
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
June 30, 2024
(expressed in thousands of US dollars, except share amounts)
2024
2023
C$C$
Weighted average stock price valuation$62.19 $52.15 
Weighted average exercise price$62.19 $52.15 
Risk-free interest rate3.64 %3.00 %
Expected life in years4.54.5
Expected dividend yield— %— %
Volatility57 %65 %
Weighted average fair value of options issued$31.04 $28.14 

The following table is a summary of the Company’s stock options outstanding as at June 30, 2024:
Options outstandingOptions exercisable
Exercise price rangeNumber outstandingWeighted average remaining contractual life (years)Exercise price rangeNumber exercisable
C$##C$#
0.0001 - 1.09
235,320 2.24
0.0001 - 1.09
235,320 
8.86 - 11.06
23,985 6.49
8.86 - 11.06
21,242 
15.79 - 16.00
170,877 5.27
15.79 - 16.00
131,309 
26.43 - 60.00
419,313 5.22
26.43 - 60.00
132,568 
60.01 - 95.12
118,691 4.27
60.01 - 95.12
16,999 
968,186 4.42537,438 

The following table is a summary of the Company’s stock options outstanding as at June 30, 2023:
Options outstandingOptions exercisable
Exercise price rangeNumber outstandingWeighted average remaining contractual life (years)Exercise price rangeNumber exercisable
C$##C$#
0.0001 - 1.09
784,368 2.49
0.0001 - 1.09
784,368 
8.86 - 11.06
51,811 7.46
8.86 - 11.06
35,126 
15.79 - 16.00
228,509 5.67
15.79 - 16.00
139,060 
26.43 - 60.00
373,306 6.30
26.43 - 60.00
53,559 
60.01 - 95.12
40,324 5.77
60.01 -95.12
18,073 
1,478,318 4.311,030,186 

DSUs

The following table presents information concerning the number of DSUs granted by the Company:
#
DSUs – December 31, 2023
115,576 
Granted (at C$66.82 - C$68.04 per unit)
2,403 
DSUs - June 30, 2024
117,979 


11
DOCEBO INC.
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
June 30, 2024
(expressed in thousands of US dollars, except share amounts)
RSUs

The following table presents information concerning the number of RSUs granted by the Company:
#
RSUs – December 31, 2023
160,150 
Granted (at C$50.39 - C$73.54 per unit)
89,438 
Released (at C$40.30 - $86.38 per unit)
(38,773)
Forfeited (at C$52.15 - $86.38 per unit)
(9,775)
RSUs - June 30, 2024
201,040 

12Earnings per share

Basic and diluted net income per share for the three and six months ended June 30 are calculated as follows:
Three months ended June 30,
Six months ended June 30,
2024
2023
2024
2023
Net income attributable to common shareholders4,698 (5,674)$9,867 $(4,429)
Basic weighted average number of common shares outstanding30,350,110 33,151,370 30,334,858 33,127,156 
Stock options389,769 — 404,020 — 
DSUs117,254 — 116,703 — 
RSUs202,174 — 196,086 — 
Diluted weighted average number of common shares outstanding31,059,307 33,151,370 31,051,667 33,127,156 
Basic earnings per common share$0.15 $(0.17)$0.33 $(0.13)
Diluted earnings per common share$0.15 $(0.17)$0.32 $(0.13)

For the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, there were 41,211 and 24,366 stock options, respectively, that were not taken into account in the calculation of diluted earnings per share because their effect was anti-dilutive.

Since the Company was in a loss position for the prior year presented, basic net loss per share is the same as diluted loss per share for the periods as the inclusion of all potential common shares outstanding would be anti-dilutive. The weighted average impact of potentially dilutive securities that were not included in the diluted per share calculations because they would be anti-dilutive are as follows:
Three months ended June 30,
Six months ended June 30,
2024
2023
2024
2023
####
Stock options— 793,887 — 798,376 
DSUs— 89,764 — 89,409 
RSUs— 205,759 — 160,610 
— 1,089,410 — 1,048,395 


12
DOCEBO INC.
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
June 30, 2024
(expressed in thousands of US dollars, except share amounts)
13Revenue and related balances

Disaggregated revenue

The Company derives its revenues from two main sources, subscription to its SaaS application and associated premium support services, and professional services revenue, which includes services such as initial implementation, project management, training, and integration.

The following table presents a disaggregation of revenue for the three and six months ended June 30:
Three months ended June 30,
Six months ended June 30,
2024
2023
2024
2023
$$$$
Subscription revenue49,821 40,846 97,711 79,690 
Professional services3,233 2,748 6,746 5,363 
53,054 43,594 104,457 85,053 

14Cost of revenue

The following table represents cost of revenue for the three and six months ended June 30:
Three months ended June 30,
Six months ended June 30,
2024
2023
2024
2023
$$$$
Employee salaries and benefits4,900 4,713 9,860 9,299 
Web hosting fees1,612 1,225 3,072 2,402 
Third party service fees3,417 2,150 6,619 4,273 
Other328 322 632 490 
10,257 8,410 20,183 16,464 

15Employee compensation

The total employee compensation comprising salaries and benefits, and excluding share-based compensation, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 was $27,979 and $56,559, respectively (2023 - $28,755 and $54,823).
Employee compensation costs were included in the following expenses for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023 is as follows:    
Three months ended June 30,
Six months ended June 30,
2024
2023
2024
2023
$$$$
Cost of revenue4,900 4,713 9,860 9,299 
General and administrative4,227 4,310 8,316 7,820 
Sales and marketing11,133 12,610 22,935 24,577 
Research and development7,719 7,122 15,448 13,127 
27,979 28,755 56,559 54,823 


13
DOCEBO INC.
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
June 30, 2024
(expressed in thousands of US dollars, except share amounts)
16Related party transactions

Key management personnel are those persons having the authority and responsibility for planning, directing and controlling activities of the Company, directly or indirectly. Key management personnel includes the Company’s Directors and Officers.

Compensation awarded to key management personnel for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023 is as follows:
Three months ended June 30,
Six months ended June 30,
2024
2023
2024
2023
$$$$
Salaries and benefits688 1,335 1,478 2,281 
Share-based compensation666 1,031 1,709 2,137 
1,354 2,366 3,187 4,418 

17Financial instruments and risk management

Credit risk is the risk of financial loss to the Company if a customer or counterparty to a financial instrument fails to meet its contractual obligations, and arises principally from deposits with banks and outstanding receivables. The Company trades only with recognized, creditworthy third parties. Due to the Company’s diversified customer base, there is no particular concentration of credit risk related to the Company’s trade and other receivables. Trade and other receivables are monitored on an ongoing basis to ensure timely collection of amounts.

The carrying values of cash and cash equivalents, trade and other receivables, and trade and other payables approximate fair values due to the short-term nature of these items or being carried at fair value. The risk of material change in fair value is not considered to be significant. The Company does not use derivative financial instruments to manage this risk.

During the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, there were no transfers of amounts between levels in the fair value hierarchy.

18Segment information

The Company reports segment information based on internal reports used by the chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) to make operating and resource allocation decisions and to assess performance. The CODM is the Chief Executive Officer. The CODM makes decisions and assesses performance of the Company on a consolidated basis such that the Company is a single reportable operating segment.

The following tables present details on revenues derived in the following geographical locations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023.

Three months ended June 30,
Six months ended June 30,
2024
2023
2024
2023
$$$$
North America40,150 32,895 79,280 64,372 
Rest of World
12,904 10,699 25,177 20,681 
53,054 43,594 104,457 85,053 


14

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS FOR THE THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2024

As used in this management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations (“MD&A”), unless the context indicates or requires otherwise, all references to the “Company”, “Docebo”, “we”, “us” or “our” refer to Docebo Inc., together with our subsidiaries, on a consolidated basis as constituted on June 30, 2024.

This MD&A for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023 should be read in conjunction with the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements and accompanying notes thereto for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, and the Company's audited annual consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes thereto for the year ended December 31, 2023. The financial information presented in this MD&A is derived from the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023 which have been prepared in accordance with IFRS Accounting Standards (“IFRS”) as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (“IASB”). All amounts are in thousands of United States dollars except where otherwise indicated.

This MD&A is dated as of August 7, 2024.

Forward-looking Information

This MD&A contains “forward-looking information” and “forward-looking statements” (collectively, “forward-looking information”) within the meaning of applicable securities laws. Forward-looking information may relate to our future financial outlook and anticipated events or results and may include information regarding our financial position, business strategy, macroeconomic conditions and global economic uncertainty, war and inflation, including actions of Central banks to contain it, on our business, growth strategies, addressable markets, budgets, operations, financial results, taxes, dividend policy, plans and objectives. Particularly, information regarding our expectations of future results, performance, achievements, prospects or opportunities or the markets in which we operate is forward-looking information.

In some cases, forward-looking information can be identified by the use of forward-looking terminology such as “plans”, “targets”, “expects”, “is expected”, “an opportunity exists”, “budget”, “scheduled”, “estimates”, “outlook”, “forecasts”, “projection”, “prospects”, “strategy”, “intends”, “anticipates”, “believes”, or variations of such words and phrases or statements that certain actions, events or results “may”, “could”, “would”, “might” or, “will”, “occur” or “be achieved”, and similar words or the negative of these terms and similar terminology. In addition, any statements that refer to expectations, intentions, projections or other characterizations of future events or circumstances contain forward-looking information. Statements containing forward-looking information are not historical facts but instead represent management’s expectations, estimates and projections regarding future events or circumstances.

This forward-looking information includes, but is not limited to, statements regarding the Company’s business; future financial position and business strategy; the learning management industry; our growth rates and growth strategies; addressable markets for our solutions; the achievement of advances in and expansion of our platform; expectations regarding our revenue and the revenue generation potential of our platform and other products; our business plans and strategies; use of artificial intelligence (“AI”) in our platform and its impact on the Company’s business; and our competitive position in our industry. This forward-looking information is based on our opinions, estimates and assumptions in light of our experience and perception of historical trends, current conditions and expected future developments, as well as other factors that we currently believe are appropriate and reasonable in the circumstances. Despite a careful process to prepare and review the forward-looking information, there can be no assurance that the underlying opinions, estimates and assumptions will prove to be correct. Certain assumptions include: our ability to build our market share and enter new markets and industry verticals; our ability to attract and retain key personnel; our ability to maintain and expand geographic scope; our ability to execute on our expansion plans, including the continued incorporation of AI into our platform; our ability to continue investing in infrastructure to support our growth; our ability to obtain and maintain existing financing on acceptable terms; our ability to execute on profitability initiatives; our ability to successfully integrate the companies we have acquired and to derive the benefits we expect from the acquisition thereof; currency exchange and interest rates; the impact
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of inflation and global macroeconomic conditions; the impact of competition; our ability to respond to the changes and trends in our industry or the global economy; and the changes in laws, rules, regulations, and global standards are material factors made in preparing forward-looking information and management’s expectations.

Forward-looking information is necessarily based on a number of opinions, estimates and assumptions that, while considered by the Company to be appropriate and reasonable as of the date of this MD&A, are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties, assumptions and other factors that may cause the actual results, level of activity, performance or achievements to be materially different from those expressed or implied by such forward-looking information, including but not limited to:
•the Company’s ability to execute its growth strategies;
•the impact of changing conditions in the global corporate e-learning market;
•increasing competition in the global corporate e-learning market in which the Company operates;
•fluctuations in currency exchange rates and volatility in financial markets;
•the Company’s ability to operate its business and effectively manage its growth under evolving macroeconomic conditions, such as high inflation and recessionary environments;
•fluctuations in the length and complexity of the sales cycle for our platform, especially for sales to larger enterprises;
•issues in the use of AI in our platform may result in reputational harm or liability;
•changes in the attitudes, financial condition and demand of our target market;
•developments and changes in applicable laws and regulations;
•such other factors discussed in greater detail under the “Risk Factors” section of our Annual Information Form dated February 22, 2024 (“AIF”), which is available under our profile on SEDAR+ at www.sedarplus.ca.

If any of these risks or uncertainties materialize, or if the opinions, estimates or assumptions underlying the forward-looking information prove incorrect, actual results or future events might vary materially from those anticipated in the forward-looking information. The opinions, estimates or assumptions referred to above and described in greater detail in “Summary of Factors Affecting our Performance” and in the “Risk Factors” section of our AIF, should be considered carefully by prospective investors.

Although we have attempted to identify important risk factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in forward-looking information, there may be other risk factors not presently known to us or that we presently believe are not material that could also cause actual results or future events to differ materially from those expressed in such forward-looking information. There can be no assurance that such information will prove to be accurate, as actual results and future events could differ materially from those anticipated in such information. No forward-looking statement is a guarantee of future results. Accordingly, you should not place undue reliance on forward-looking information, which speaks only as of the date made. The forward-looking information contained in this MD&A represents our expectations as of the date specified herein, and are subject to change after such date. However, we disclaim any intention or obligation or undertaking to update or revise any forward-looking information whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required under applicable securities laws.

All of the forward-looking information contained in this MD&A is expressly qualified by the foregoing cautionary statements.

Additional information relating to Docebo, including our AIF, can be found on SEDAR+ at www.sedarplus.ca.

Overview

At Docebo, our mission is to redefine the way enterprises, including their internal and external workforces, partners and customers, learn by applying new technologies to the traditional corporate Learning Management System (“LMS”) market. Founded in 2005, Docebo is a powerful learning platform, built for the business of learning. Docebo helps organizations around the world deliver scalable, personalized learning to customers, partners, and employees, driving productivity, engagement, revenue, and growth. The Docebo Platform is stable and intuitive, with innovative technology for content generation, automation, and analytics, along with the industry’s most
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advanced AI capabilities. This enables businesses to create and manage content, effectively train diverse audiences, and measure the impact of their learning programs—all from a single platform.

Our platform is now used by more than 3,800 companies of all sizes, providing access to learners situated around the world in a variety of languages. Our customers range from Small and Medium Sized Businesses (SMBs) to large globally distributed enterprises in a wide variety of industries. We have registered offices in Toronto, Canada, Athens, Georgia (USA), Wilmington, Delaware (USA), Biassono, Italy, Dubai, United Arab Emirates, London, England, Paris, France, Frankfurt, Germany, Melbourne, Australia, and Dublin, Ireland. Our platform is sold primarily through a direct sales force located in several of these offices. We also have relationships with channel, service, technology and systems integrator partners around the world.

The Docebo Learning Platform currently includes the following capabilities: (i) “Learning Management and Delivery”, (ii) “Content Marketplace”, (iii) “Learning Evaluation”, (iv) “Learn Data”, (v) “Integrations” and (vi) “Docebo Flow”.

•The Docebo Learning Platform is a cloud-based solution that allows learning administrators to deliver scalable and flexible personalized learning experiences, from formal training to social learning, to multiple internal, external and blended audiences.

•Docebo’s Content Marketplace allows learning administrators to access the industry’s best off-the-shelf learning content and provide their learners with high-quality, predeveloped learning content. Learning administrators can partner with a Docebo Content specialist to help curate the right resources from our library of 30,000+ courses.

•The Learning Evaluation module enables learning administrators to add the learner’s perspective to their analyses by helping them to collect feedback that will allow them to prove and improve the effectiveness of their training programs and validate their company’s investment in learning. Understand how learning impacts people’s experience and performance with pre-built and custom questionnaires, custom evaluation processes, learning benchmarks and metrics.

•The Learn Data module allows learning administrators to securely automate the integration of their learning data into their own internal data warehouse and any business intelligence tool with both the raw data from Docebo Learn Platform and the key performance learning analytics allowing them to add learning data into their business analyzes to gain a comprehensive view into how their learning programs are powering their business; connecting learning data to business results.

•Docebo Integrations allow organizations to integrate Docebo with other business systems across their tech stack to improve the learner experience, drive efficiencies and scale learning programs. Connect with SSO, webinar tools, HR systems and more with off-the-shelf options or build and customize your own integrations and workflows for more unique requirements.

•Docebo Flow allows businesses to build learning experiences outside of the Docebo learning environment in their own products or web environments so people can access learning where and when they need it, without having to switch between tools.

Additional modules can also be purchased for specific use cases and needs, including: “Docebo for Salesforce”, “Docebo Embed (OEM)”, “Docebo Mobile App Publisher”, and “Docebo for Microsoft Teams”. Docebo for Salesforce is a native integration that leverages Salesforce’s API and technology architecture to produce a learning experience that remains uniform no matter the use-case. Docebo Embed (OEM) eliminates disjointed learner experiences, long development cycles and ineffective partner models by allowing original equipment manufacturers (“OEMs”) to embed and re-sell the Docebo learning platform as a part of their software, including human capital management (“HCM”), risk management and retail/hospitality SaaS products. Docebo’s Mobile App Publisher product allows companies to create their own branded version of the award-winning “Docebo Go.Learn” mobile learning application and publish it as their own in Apple’s App Store, the Google Play Store or in their own Apple Store for Enterprise. Docebo Extended Enterprise breeds customer education, partner enablement, and retention by
3




allowing customers to train multiple external audiences with a single LMS solution. Lastly, Docebo for Microsoft Teams is designed to remove barriers to learning, drive adoption and increase productivity by bringing learning directly into Microsoft Teams, where people at organizations who use this as their collaboration tool, already spend most of their time.

We generate revenue primarily from the provision of access to our platform, which is typically provided on the basis of an annual subscription fee and prepaid on a quarterly, semi-annual, or annual basis. We offer our customers the flexibility to choose annual or multi-year contract terms, with the majority of our enterprise customers choosing multi-year terms. This results in a relatively smooth revenue curve with good visibility into near-term revenue growth. We typically enter into subscription agreements with our customers, with pricing based on the number of active or registered users, with minimum user commitment levels, in a measured time period, and the number of modules requested by the customer. Our goal is to continue to grow revenues arising from our existing customer base as well as adding new subscription customers to our platform. Our business does not have significant seasonal attributes, although historically sales in the fourth quarter have tended to be slightly stronger than the first three. The Company operates on a global basis and for this reason has decided to report its consolidated financial results in U.S. dollars notwithstanding that the Company’s functional currency is the Canadian dollar. The Company does not currently hedge its exposure to currencies different than its functional currency.

The Company’s shares are listed under the symbol “DCBO” on both the Toronto Stock Exchange, as of October 8, 2019, following the completion of its initial public offering in Canada (the “TSX IPO”) and the Nasdaq Global Select Market (the “Nasdaq”), as of December 3, 2020, following the completion of its initial public offering in the United States (the “Nasdaq IPO” and together with the TSX IPO, the “IPOs”).

Non-IFRS Measures and Reconciliation of Non-IFRS Measures

This MD&A makes reference to certain non-IFRS measures including key performance indicators used by management and typically used by our competitors in the software-as-a-service (“SaaS”) industry. These measures are not recognized measures under IFRS and do not have a standardized meaning prescribed by IFRS and are therefore not necessarily comparable to similar measures presented by other companies. Rather, these measures are provided as additional information to complement those IFRS measures by providing further understanding of our results of operations from management’s perspective. Accordingly, these measures should not be considered in isolation nor as a substitute for analysis of our financial information reported under IFRS. These non-IFRS measures are used to provide investors with alternative measures of our operating performance and liquidity and thus highlight trends in our business that may not otherwise be apparent when relying solely on IFRS measures. We also believe that securities analysts, investors and other interested parties frequently use non-IFRS measures, including SaaS industry metrics, in the evaluation of companies in the SaaS industry. Management also uses non-IFRS measures to facilitate operating performance comparisons from period to period, the preparation of annual operating budgets and forecasts and to determine components of executive compensation. The non-IFRS measures referred to in this MD&A include “Annual Recurring Revenue”, “Average Contract Value”, “Adjusted EBITDA”, “Adjusted Net Income”, “Adjusted Earnings per Share - Basic and Diluted”, “Working Capital” and “Free Cash Flow”.

Key Performance Indicators

We recognize subscription revenues ratably over the term of the subscription period under the provisions of our agreements with customers. The terms of our agreements, combined with high customer retention rates, provides us with a significant degree of visibility into our near-term revenues. Management uses a number of metrics, including the ones identified below, to measure the Company’s performance and customer trends, which are used to prepare financial plans and shape future strategy. Our key performance indicators may be calculated in a manner different than similar key performance indicators used by other companies.

Annual Recurring Revenue. We define Annual Recurring Revenue as the annualized equivalent value of the subscription revenue of all existing contracts (including OEM contracts) as at the date being measured, excluding non-recurring revenues from implementation, support and maintenance fees. Our customers generally enter into annual or multi-year contracts which are non-cancellable or cancellable with penalty. Accordingly, our calculation of Annual Recurring Revenue assumes that customers will renew the contractual commitments on a periodic basis as
4




those commitments come up for renewal. Subscription agreements may be subject to price increases upon renewal reflecting both inflationary increases and the additional value provided by our solutions. In addition to the expected increase in subscription revenue from price increases over time, existing customers may subscribe for additional features, learners or services during the term. We believe that this measure provides a fair real-time measure of performance in a subscription-based environment. Annual Recurring Revenue provides us with visibility for consistent and predictable growth to our cash flows. Our strong total revenue growth coupled with increasing Annual Recurring Revenue indicates the continued strength in the expansion of our business and will continue to be our focus on a go-forward basis.

Average Contract Value. Average Contract Value is calculated as total Annual Recurring Revenue divided by the number of active customers.

Annual Recurring Revenue and Average Contract Value as at June 30 were as follows:
2024
2023
Change Change %
Annual Recurring Revenue (in millions of US dollars)205.9172.933.019.1%
Average Contract Value (in thousands of US dollars)
52.8
48.1
4.79.8%

Adjusted EBITDA

Adjusted EBITDA is defined as net income excluding net finance income, depreciation and amortization, income taxes, share-based compensation and related payroll taxes, other income, foreign exchange gains and losses, acquisition related compensation, transaction related expenses and restructuring costs, if any.

The IFRS measure most directly comparable to Adjusted EBITDA presented in our financial statements is net income.

The following table reconciles Adjusted EBITDA to net income (loss) for the periods indicated:
Three months ended June 30,
Six months ended June 30,
2024
2023
2024
2023
$$$$
Net income (loss)
4,698 (5,674)9,867 (4,429)
Finance income, net(1)
(671)(2,406)(1,216)(4,573)
Depreciation and amortization(2)
824 824 1,642 1,531 
Income tax expense
510 558 114 921 
Share-based compensation(3)
1,923 1,326 3,855 2,593 
Other (income) expense, net(4)
(14)— (15)183 
Foreign exchange (gain) loss(5)
(310)4,355 (810)4,457 
Acquisition related payments(6)
994 732 1,984 988 
Transaction related expenses(7)
— 556 — 810 
Restructuring(8)
— 2,784 — 2,784 
Adjusted EBITDA7,954 3,055 15,421 5,265 
Adjusted EBITDA as a percentage of total revenue15.0 %7.0 %14.8 %6.2 %

(1)Finance income, net, is primarily related to interest income earned on cash and cash equivalents as the funds are invested in highly liquid short-term interest-bearing marketable securities which is offset by interest expenses incurred on lease obligations, and contingent consideration as well as bank fees and other expenses.

(2)Depreciation and amortization expense is primarily related to depreciation expense on right-of-use assets (“ROU assets”), property and equipment and acquired intangible assets.

(3)These expenses represent non-cash expenditures recognized in connection with the issuance of share-based compensation to our employees and directors and cash payroll taxes paid on gains earned by option holders when stock options are exercised.

(4)Other (income) expense, net is primarily comprised of rental income from subleasing office space.

(5)These non-cash gains and losses relate to foreign exchange translation.
5





(6)These costs represent the earn-out portion of the consideration paid to the vendors of previously acquired businesses that is associated with the achievement of certain acquisition related performance and other obligations.

(7)These expenses relate to professional, legal, consulting, accounting and other fees related to acquisition activities that would otherwise have not been incurred and are not considered an expense indicative of continuing operations.

(8)    There was a reduction in workforce during the second quarter of 2023 that resulted in severance payments to employees. Certain functions and the associated management structure were reorganized to realize synergies and ensure organizational agility.


Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted Earnings per Share - Basic and Diluted

Adjusted Net Income is defined as net income excluding amortization of intangible assets, share-based compensation and related payroll taxes, acquisition related compensation, transaction related expenses, restructuring costs, foreign exchange gains and losses, and income taxes.

Adjusted Earnings per share - basic and diluted is defined as Adjusted Net Income divided by the weighted average number of common shares (basic and diluted).

The IFRS measure most directly comparable to Adjusted Net Income presented in our financial statements is net income.

The following table reconciles net income to Adjusted Net Income for the periods indicated:

Three months ended June 30,
Six months ended June 30,
2024
2023
2024
2023
$$$$
Net income (loss)
4,698 (5,674)9,867 (4,429)
Amortization of intangible assets172 226 345 311 
Share-based compensation1,923 1,326 3,855 2,593 
Acquisition related compensation994 732 1,984 988 
Transaction related expenses— 556 — 810 
Restructuring— 2,784 — 2,784 
Foreign exchange (gain) loss
(310)4,355 (810)4,457 
Income tax expense (recovery) related to adjustments(1)
452 372 (38)390 
Adjusted net income7,929 4,677 15,203 7,904 
Weighted average number of common shares - basic30,350,11033,151,37030,334,85833,127,156
Weighted average number of common shares - diluted31,059,30733,151,37031,051,66733,127,156
Adjusted earnings per share - basic0.260.14 0.50 0.24 
Adjusted earnings per share - diluted0.260.14 0.49 0.24 
(1) This line item reflects income tax expense on taxable adjustments using the tax rate of the applicable jurisdiction.

See “Liquidity, Capital Resources and Financing - Working Capital” and “Liquidity, Capital Resources and Financing - Free Cash Flow” in this MD&A for an explanation of Working Capital and Free Cash Flow (and, in the case of Free Cash Flow, a reconciliation of such measure to the most directly comparable IFRS measure presented in our financial statements).

Summary of Factors Affecting Our Performance

We believe that the growth and future success of our business depends on many factors, including those described below. While each of these factors presents significant opportunities for our business, they also pose important challenges, some of which are discussed below and in the “Risk Factors” section of the AIF.

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Market adoption of cloud-based learning solutions may not grow as we expect, which may harm our business and results of operations and even if market demand for such solutions increases, the demand for our platform may not increase.

We believe our future success will depend in part on the growth, if any, in the demand for cloud-based learning management solutions, particularly enterprise-grade solutions. The widespread adoption of our platform depends not only on strong demand for new forms of learning management, but also for solutions delivered via a SaaS business model in particular. The market for cloud-based learning solutions is less mature than the market for in-person learning solutions, which many businesses currently use, and these businesses may be slow or unwilling to migrate from these legacy approaches. As such, it is difficult to predict customer demand for our platform, customer adoption and renewal, the rate at which existing customers expand their engagement with our platform, the size and growth rate of the market for our platform, the entry of competitive products into the market, or the success of existing competitive products. Furthermore, even if businesses want to adopt a cloud-based technology learning solution, it may take them a long time to fully transition to this type of learning solution or they could be delayed due to budget constraints, weakening economic conditions, or other factors. Some businesses may also have long-term contracts with existing vendors and cannot switch in the short term. Even if market demand for cloud-based technology learning solutions generally increases, we can make no assurance that adoption of our platform will also increase. If the market for cloud-based technology learning solutions does not grow as we expect or our platform does not achieve widespread adoption it could result in reduced customer spending, customer attrition, and decreased revenue, any of which would adversely affect our business and results of operations. We further believe that a significant portion of our market capitalization may be based on our revenue growth rate. If we are unable to continue growing our revenues, or if new revenues are offset by the rate at which existing customers cancel, do not renew or downgrade their recurring subscriptions (known in the industry as “churn”), our market capitalization may be negatively impacted.

Natural disasters, public health crises, political crises, or other catastrophic or adverse events, including adverse and uncertain macroeconomic conditions may adversely affect our business, operating results or financial position.

Natural disasters, such as earthquakes, hurricanes, tornadoes, floods, and other adverse weather and climate conditions; unforeseen public health crises such as the global outbreak of COVID-19, and other pandemics and epidemics; political crises, such as terrorist attacks, war, and other political instability; or other catastrophic events, have and could in the future disrupt our operations or the operations of one or more of our third-party providers and vendors.

Additionally, our business and results of operations have been, and may continue to be, impacted by recent adverse and uncertain macroeconomic conditions, including higher inflation, higher interest rates, and fluctuations or volatility in capital markets or foreign currency exchange rates, the collapse of financial institutions and related uncertainty regarding geopolitical events such as the ongoing conflict between Russia and Ukraine as well as Israel and the surrounding area. In particular, we have experienced in certain instances, and may continue to experience, longer sales cycles or generally increased scrutiny on spending from existing and potential customers due to macroeconomic uncertainty. We cannot be certain how long these uncertain macroeconomic conditions and the resulting effects on our industry, our business strategy, and customers will persist.

If we fail to retain key employees or to recruit qualified technical and sales personnel, our business could be harmed.

We believe that our success depends on the continued employment of our senior management and other key employees. In addition, because our future success is dependent on our ability to continue to enhance and introduce new platform features, we are heavily dependent on our ability to attract and retain qualified personnel with the requisite education, background, and industry experience. As we expand our business, our continued success will also depend, in part, on our ability to attract and retain qualified sales, marketing, and operational personnel capable of supporting a larger and more diverse customer base. We and our competitors continue to face significant turnover in our employee base. Qualified individuals are in high demand in our industry, and we may incur significant costs to attract and retain them. The loss of the services of a significant number of our technology or sales personnel could be disruptive to our business development efforts or customer relationships. In addition, if any of our key employees
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join a competitor or decides to otherwise compete with us, we may experience a material disruption of our operations and business strategy, which may cause us to lose customers or increase operating expenses and may divert our attention as we seek to recruit replacements for the departed employees. Further, changes we make to our current and future work environments may not meet the needs or expectations of our employees or may be perceived as less favourable compared to other companies’ policies, which could negatively impact our ability to hire and retain qualified personnel. Our future work strategy and continued efforts related to employee onboarding, training and development and retention may not be successful. Further, our future work strategy is continuing to evolve and may not meet the needs of our existing and potential future employees and they may prefer work models offered by other companies.

If our customers do not expand their use of our platform beyond their current organizational engagements or renew their existing contracts with us, our ability to grow our business and improve our results of operations may be adversely affected.

Our future success depends, in part, on our ability to increase the adoption of our platform by our existing customers and future customers. Many of our customers initially use our platform in specific groups or departments within their organization. In addition, our customers may initially use our platform for a specific use case. Our ability to grow our business depends in part on our ability to persuade customers to expand their use of our platform to address additional use cases. Further, to continue to grow our business, it is important that our customers renew their subscriptions when existing contracts expire and that we expand our relationships with our existing customers. Our customers have no obligation to renew their subscriptions, and our customers may decide not to renew their subscriptions with a similar contract period, at the same prices and terms, with the same or a greater number of learners, or at all. In the past, some of our customers have elected not to renew their agreements with us, and it is difficult to accurately predict whether we will have future success in retaining customers or expanding our relationships with them. We have experienced significant growth in the number of learners of our platform, but we do not know whether we will continue to achieve similar learner growth in the future, or whether learner growth could be offset by increased churn. Our ability to retain our customers and expand our deployments with them may decline or fluctuate as a result of a number of factors, including our customers’ satisfaction with our platform, our customer support, our prices, the prices and features of competing solutions, reductions in our customers’ spending levels, insufficient learner adoption of our platform, and new feature releases. If our customers do not purchase additional subscriptions or renew their existing subscriptions, renew on less favorable terms, or fail to continue to expand their engagement with our platform, our revenue may decline or grow less quickly than anticipated, which would harm our results of operations.

Our sales cycles can be unpredictable, and our sales efforts require considerable time and expense. As a result, the timing of our billings and revenue are difficult to predict and may vary substantially from period to period, which may cause our results of operations to fluctuate significantly.

Our results of operations may fluctuate, in part, because of the resource intensive nature of our sales efforts, the length and variability of our sales cycle, and difficulty in adjusting our operating expenses in the short term. The length of our sales cycle, from identification of the opportunity to delivery of access to our platform, can vary from customer to customer, with sales to larger businesses typically taking longer to complete. In addition, as we increase our sales to larger businesses, we face longer more complex customer requirements, and substantial upfront sales costs. With larger businesses, the decision to subscribe to our platform frequently requires the approvals of multiple management personnel and more technical personnel than would be typical of a smaller organization and, accordingly, sales to larger businesses may require us to invest more time educating these potential customers. Purchases by larger businesses are also frequently subject to budget constraints and unplanned administrative, processing, and other delays, which means we may not be able to come to agreement on the terms of the sale to larger businesses. If there is a reduction in information technology spending, due to weak economic conditions or otherwise, it may take several months, or even several quarters, for marketing opportunities to materialize.

To the extent our competitors develop products that our prospective customers view as equivalent or superior to our platform, our average sales cycle may increase. Additionally, if a key sales member leaves our employment or if our primary point of contact at a customer or potential customers leaves his or her employment, our sales cycle may be further extended or customer opportunities may be lost. As a result of the buying behavior of enterprises and the
8




efforts of our sales force and partners to meet or exceed their sales objectives by the end of each fiscal quarter, we may generate a substantial portion of billings towards the end of each fiscal quarter. If a customer’s decision to purchase our platform is delayed or if the implementation of our platform takes longer than originally anticipated, the date on which we may recognize revenues from these transactions may be delayed. The unpredictability of the timing of customer purchases, particularly large purchases, could cause our billings and revenue to vary from period to period or to fall below expected levels for a given period, which will adversely affect our business, results of operations, and financial condition.

We may not receive significant revenue as a result of our current research and development efforts.

We reinvest a large percentage of our revenue in research and development, including AI. Our investment in our current research and development efforts may not provide a sufficient, timely return. We make and will continue to make significant investments in software research and development and related product opportunities. Investments in new technology and processes are inherently speculative. Commercial success depends on many factors including the degree of innovation of the products developed through our research and development efforts, sufficient support from our strategic partners, and effective distribution and marketing. Accelerated product introductions and short product life cycles require high levels of expenditures for research and development. These expenditures may materially adversely affect our operating results if they are not offset by revenue increases. We believe that we must continue to dedicate a significant amount of resources to our research and development efforts in order to maintain our competitive position. However, significant revenue from new product and service investments may not be achieved for a number of years, if at all. Moreover, new products and services may not be profitable.

We believe our long-term success depends in part on continuing to expand our international sales and operations and we are therefore subject to a number of risks associated with international sales and operations.

We intend to continue expanding our international operations. In order to maintain and expand our sales internationally, we need to hire and train experienced personnel to staff and manage our foreign operations. To the extent that we experience difficulties in recruiting, training, managing, and retaining international staff, and specifically sales and marketing personnel, we may experience difficulties in growing our international sales.

Additionally, our international sales are subject to a number of risks, including, but not limited to, the following:

•unexpected costs and errors in tailoring our products for individual markets, including translation into foreign languages and adaptation for local practices;

•difficulties in adapting to customer desires due to language and cultural differences;

•new and different sources of competition;

•increased financial accounting and reporting burdens and complexities;

•increased expenses associated with international sales and operations, including establishing and maintaining office space and equipment for our international operations;

•lack of familiarity and burdens of complying with foreign laws, legal standards, privacy standards, regulatory requirements, tariffs, and other barriers;

•greater difficulty in enforcing contracts and accounts receivable collection and longer collection periods;

•practical difficulties of enforcing intellectual property rights in countries with fluctuating laws and standards and reduced or varied protection for intellectual property rights in some countries;

•unexpected changes in regulatory requirements, taxes, trade laws, tariffs, export quotas, custom duties, or other trade restrictions;

9




•limitations on technology infrastructure, which could limit our ability to migrate international operations to our existing systems, which could result in increased costs;

•difficulties in managing and staffing international operations and differing employer/employee relationships and local employment laws;

•fluctuations in exchange rates that may increase the volatility of our foreign-based revenue; and

•potentially adverse tax consequences, including the complexities of foreign value added tax (or other tax) systems and restrictions on the repatriation of earnings.

Additionally, operating in international markets also requires significant management attention and financial resources. We plan to continue investing substantial time and resources to expand our international operations, but we cannot be certain that these investments will produce desired levels of revenue or profitability. These factors and other factors could harm our ability to gain future international revenue and, consequently, materially affect our business, results of operations, and financial condition.

We may face exposure to foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations.

Revenues and operating expenses outside of Canada are often denominated in local currencies. Additionally, as we expand our international operations, we repost our financial results in Canadian dollars. Therefore, fluctuations in the value of the Canadian dollar and foreign currencies may affect our results of operations when translated into Canadian dollars. We do not currently engage in currency hedging activities to limit the risk of exchange rate fluctuations. In the future, we may use derivative instruments, such as foreign currency forward and option contracts, to hedge certain exposures to fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates. The use of such hedging activities may not offset any or more than a portion of the adverse financial effects of unfavorable movements in foreign exchange rates over the limited time the hedges are in place. Moreover, the use of hedging instruments may introduce additional risks if we are unable to structure effective hedges with such instruments.

Our growth depends in part on the success of our strategic relationships with strategic partners as well as our ability to successfully integrate our platform with third party applications.

In addition to growing our direct sales channels, we intend to pursue additional relationships with strategic partners, which includes OEMs, Value Added Resellers, system integrators and service partners. Identifying the proper strategic partners will be essential to this growth strategy. Negotiating and documenting relationships with appropriate strategic partners will require significant time and resources, as will integrating third-party content and technology. Our agreements with strategic partners may not prohibit them from working with our competitors or from offering competing services. Our competitors may be effective in providing incentives to strategic partners to favour their products or services or to prevent or reduce subscriptions to our solution, including through a simple integration. In addition, these distributors and providers may not perform as expected under our agreements, and we have had, and may in the future have, disagreements or disputes with such distributors and providers, which could negatively affect our brand and reputation. In addition, acquisitions of our strategic partners by our competitors or acquisitions by our strategic partners of our competitors could end our strategic relationship with the acquired or strategic partner and result in a decrease in the number of our current and potential customers. For example, in January 2024, an OEM partner that contributed approximately 9% of our 2023 revenue announced that it had acquired a competitive learning experience platform software provider. We took legal measures to enforce the terms of the agreement, and the parties amicably resolved the dispute on a confidential basis and agreed to dismiss the litigation. However, we expect the OEM customer to favor its acquired product for its end customers over time, which we expect will result in gradually reduced subscriptions for our solutions over an extended period of time and negatively impact our business, financial condition and results of operations. If we are unsuccessful in establishing or maintaining our strategic partnerships, our ability to compete in the marketplace or to grow our revenue could be impaired and our operating results could suffer. Even if we are successful, there can be no assurance that these relationships will result in improved operating results. A global economic slowdown and other factors could also adversely affect the businesses of our strategic partners, and it is possible that they may not be able to devote the resources we expect to the relationship.
10





Risks and challenges with the use of AI in our platform, including flawed algorithms, insufficient data sets and biased information, may result in reputational harm or liability.

Our platform uses AI, and we expect to continue building AI into our platform in the future. We envision a future in which AI operates within our cloud-based platform to offer an efficient and effective e-learning solution for our customers. As with many disruptive innovations, AI presents risks and challenges that could affect its adoption, and therefore our business. AI algorithms may be flawed. Datasets may be insufficient or contain biased information. Inappropriate or controversial data practices by us or others could impair the acceptance, utility and effectiveness of AI solutions. These deficiencies could undermine the decisions, predictions, or analysis AI applications produce, subjecting us to competitive harm, legal liability, and brand or reputational harm. If we enable or offer AI solutions that are controversial because of their impact on human rights, privacy, employment, equity, accessibility or other social issues, we may experience brand or reputational harm

Key Components of Results of Operations

Docebo has always been operated and managed as a single economic entity, notwithstanding the fact that it has operations in several different countries. There is one management team that directs the activities of all aspects of the Company and it is managed globally through global department heads. As a result, we believe that we have one operating segment, being the consolidated company. Over time, this may change as the Company grows and when this occurs we will reflect the change in our reporting practice.

Revenue

We generate revenue from the following two primary sources:

•Recurring Subscriptions to Our Learning Platform and Related Products. Our customers enter into agreements that provide for recurring subscription fees. The majority of the customer agreements currently being entered into have a term of one to three years and are non-cancellable or cancellable with penalty. Subscription revenue per contract will vary depending upon the particular products that each customer subscribes for, the number and type of learners intended to utilize the platform and the term of the agreement. Subscription revenue is typically recognized evenly over the enforceable term of a contract, commencing on the in-service date.

•Professional Services. Our customers generally require support in implementing our product and training their learners. This support can include system integration, application integration, learner training and any required process-change analysis. Normally, these services are purchased at the same time as the original customer agreement is completed and while they are usually delivered during the 60-180 days immediately following the effective date of the customer agreement, timing can vary. As a result, unlike the recognition of recurring subscription revenue, the recognition of professional service revenue can be recorded unevenly from period to period. When customer agreements are renewed, there is not typically a need for additional professional services so as overall revenue increases over time, the percentage of revenue that is generated from professional services will decrease. Revenues derived from professional services are recognized over the term that the service is provided.

Our agreements generally do not contain any cancellation or refund provisions without penalty, other than in the case of our default.

Cost of Revenue

Cost of revenue is comprised of costs related to provisioning and hosting our learning platform and related products, the delivery of professional services, and customer support. Significant expenses included in cost of revenue include employee salaries and benefits expenses, web hosting fees, third party service fees, and software costs.
11




Operating Expenses

Our primary operating expenses are as follows:

•General and Administrative. General and administrative expenses consist of employee salaries and benefits expenses for our finance, legal, administrative, human resources, and information technology and security teams. These costs also include consulting and professional service fees, transaction costs related to our acquisitions, software, travel, general office and administrative expenses, credit impairment losses, as well as public company costs including directors and officers liability insurance.

•Sales and Marketing. Sales and marketing expenses are comprised primarily of employee salaries and benefits expenses for our sales and marketing teams, amortization of contract acquisition costs, software, travel and advertising and marketing event costs. We intend to continue to grow our sales and marketing teams to support our growth strategy.

•Research and Development. Research and development expenses are comprised primarily of employee salaries and benefits for our product and innovation-related functions (net of tax credits), consulting and professional service fees, software, travel and web hosting fees. Our research and development team is focused on both continuous improvement of our existing learning platform, as well as developing new product modules and features. As Docebo’s growth continues, we expect our research and development costs to increase.

•Share-based Compensation. Share-based compensation expenses are comprised of the value of stock options granted to employees expensed over the vesting period of the options, deferred share units (“DSUs”), restricted share units (“RSUs”) and shares issued pursuant to the Employee Share Purchase Plan. In addition, the Company’s board of directors may fix, from time to time, a portion of the total compensation (including an annual retainer) paid by the Company to a director in a calendar year for service on the Board and directors may elect to receive a portion of their total compensation (including cash retainer) in the form of DSUs.

•Foreign Exchange. Foreign exchange primarily relates to translation of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies being translated into functional currencies at the foreign exchange rate applicable at the end of each period.

•Depreciation and Amortization. Depreciation and amortization expense primarily relates to depreciation on property and equipment, and amortization of ROU assets and intangible assets. Property and equipment are comprised of furniture and office equipment, leasehold improvements and land and building. ROU assets are comprised of capitalized leases. Intangible assets are comprised of acquired intangible assets.

Other Expenses

•Finance Income, net. This includes costs related to interest income less interest on lease obligations, accretion of interest on contingent consideration and acquisition holdback payables, and bank fees and other expenses.

•Other (Income) Expense, net. These costs are comprised of rental income from subleasing office space.

Results of Operations

The following table outlines our consolidated statements of income (loss) and comprehensive (loss) income (loss) for the periods indicated:

Three months ended June 30,
Six months ended June 30,
2024
2023
2024
2023
$$$$
Revenue53,054 43,594 104,457 85,053 
Cost of revenue10,257 8,410 20,183 16,464 
Gross profit42,797 35,184 84,274 68,589 
12




Operating expenses
General and administrative8,176 9,345 16,331 16,901 
Sales and marketing16,895 18,048 33,328 34,820 
Research and development10,766 8,808 21,178 16,185 
Share-based compensation1,923 1,326 3,855 2,593 
Foreign exchange (gain) loss
(310)4,355 (810)4,457 
Depreciation and amortization824 824 1,642 1,531 
38,274 42,706 75,524 76,487 
Operating income (loss)
4,523 (7,522)8,750 (7,898)
Finance income, net
(671)(2,406)(1,216)(4,573)
Other (income) expense, net
(14)0 (15)183 
Income (loss) before income taxes
5,208 (5,116)9,981 (3,508)
Income tax expense
510 558 114 921 
Net income (loss)
4,698 (5,674)9,867 (4,429)
Other comprehensive loss (income)
Item that may be reclassified subsequently to income:
Exchange loss (gain) on translation of foreign operations
447 (4,209)1,344 (4,368)
Comprehensive income (loss)
4,251 (1,465)8,523 (61)
Earnings per share - basic0.15(0.17)0.33(0.13)
Earnings per share - diluted0.15(0.17)0.32(0.13)
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding - basic30,350,110 33,151,370 30,334,858 33,127,156 
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding - diluted31,059,307 33,151,370 31,051,667 33,127,156 


Review of Operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024

Revenue
Three months ended June 30,
Six months ended June 30,
2024
2023
ChangeChange
2024
2023
ChangeChange
$$$%$$$%
Subscription revenue49,821 40,846 8,975 22 %97,711 79,690 18,021 23 %
Professional services3,233 2,748 485 18 %6,746 5,363 1,383 26 %
Total revenue53,054 43,594 9,460 22 %104,457 85,053 19,404 23 %


Total revenue increased by $9.5 million or 22% for the three months ended June 30, 2024 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2023 and increased by $19.4 million or 23% for the six months ended June 30, 2024 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2023. The increase in both periods was primarily due to growth in our customer base, as well as up-selling to existing customers, as the number of customers rose from 3,591 as at June 30, 2023 to 3,898 as at June 30, 2024 and the Average Contract Value per customer increased from approximately $48 thousand as at June 30, 2023 to approximately $53 thousand as at June 30, 2024. Average Contract Value is not a recognized measure under IFRS. See “Non-IFRS Measures and Reconciliation of Non-IFRS Measures”.

13




Subscription revenue increased by $9.0 million or 22% for the three months ended June 30, 2024 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2023 and increased by $18.0 million or 23% for the six months ended June 30, 2024 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2023. The increase in both periods was driven by initial revenues from customers who did not contribute to subscription revenue during the prior period, and growth from existing customers.

Professional services revenue increased by $0.5 million or 18% for the three months ended June 30, 2024 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2023 and increased by $1.4 million or 26% for the six months ended June 30, 2024 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2023. The increase in both periods was due to an increase in large enterprise customer implementations.

Cost of Revenue

Three months ended June 30,
Six months ended June 30,
2024
2023
ChangeChange
2024
2023
ChangeChange
$$$%$$$%
Cost of revenue10,257 8,410 1,847 22 %20,183 16,464 3,719 23 %
Percentage of total revenue19.3 %19.3 %19.3 %19.4 %

Cost of revenue increased by $1.8 million or 22% for the three months ended June 30, 2024 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2023 and increased by $3.7 million or 23% for the six months ended June 30, 2024 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2023. The increase in both periods was primarily driven by increased hosting fees related to provisioning and hosting our learning platform as well as third party service fees.

Gross Profit

Three months ended June 30,
Six months ended June 30,
2024
2023
ChangeChange
2024
2023
ChangeChange
$$$%$$$%
Gross profit42,797 35,184 7,613 22 %84,274 68,589 15,685 23 %
Percentage of total revenue80.7 %80.7 %80.7 %80.6 %

Gross profit for the three months ended June 30, 2024 increased by $7.6 million or 21.6% and stayed flat at 80.7% of revenue compared to 80.7% for the three months ended June 30, 2023. Gross profit for the six months ended June 30, 2024 increased by $15.7 million or 22.9% and increased to 80.7% of revenue compared to 80.6% for the six months ended June 30, 2023.

Operating Expenses

Three months ended June 30,
Six months ended June 30,
2024
2023
ChangeChange
2024
2023
ChangeChange
$$$%$$$%
General and administrative8,176 9,345 (1,169)(13)%16,331 16,901 (570)(3)%
Sales and marketing16,895 18,048 (1,153)(6)%33,328 34,820 (1,492)(4)%
Research and development10,766 8,808 1,958 22 %21,178 16,185 4,993 31 %
Share-based compensation1,923 1,326 597 45 %3,855 2,593 1,262 49 %
Foreign exchange (gain) loss
(310)4,355 (4,665)(107)%(810)4,457 (5,267)(118)%
Depreciation and amortization824 824 0 0 %1,642 1,531 111 7 %
Total operating expenses38,274 42,706 (4,432)(10)%75,524 76,487 (963)(1)%

14




General and Administrative Expenses

Three months ended June 30,
Six months ended June 30,
2024
2023
ChangeChange
2024
2023
ChangeChange
$$$%$$$%
General and administrative8,176 9,345 (1,169)(13)%16,331 16,901 (570)(3)%
Percentage of total revenue15.4 %21.4 %15.6 %19.9 %

General and administrative expenses decreased by $1.2 million or 13% for the three months ended June 30, 2024 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2023. Included in general and administrative expenses for the three months ended June 30, 2023 was $0.6 million in transaction related costs and $0.8 million in restructuring costs. Excluding these costs, general and administrative expenses remained essentially flat.

General and administrative expenses decreased by $0.6 million or 3% for the six months ended June 30, 2024 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2023. Included in general and administrative expenses for the six months ended June 30, 2023 was $0.8 million in transaction-related costs and $0.8 million in restructuring costs. Excluding these costs, general and administrative expenses increased by $1.0 million or 7% due to higher employee compensation-related expenses, as well as software and IT licensing costs.

Our general and administrative expenses as a percentage of total revenue decreased from 21.4% to 15.4% for the three months ended June 30, 2023 and June 30, 2024, respectively, and decreased from 19.9% to 15.6% for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and June 30, 2024, respectively.

Sales and Marketing Expenses

Three months ended June 30,
Six months ended June 30,
2024
2023
ChangeChange
2024
2023
ChangeChange
$$$%$$$%
Sales and marketing16,895 18,048 (1,153)(6)%33,328 34,820 (1,492)(4)%
Percentage of total revenue31.8 %41.4 %31.9 %40.9 %

Sales and marketing expenses decreased by $1.2 million or 6% for the three months ended June 30, 2024 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2023 and decreased by $1.5 million or 4% for the six months ended June 30, 2024 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2023. Included in sales and marketing expenses for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 was $1.5 million in restructuring costs. Excluding these costs, sales and marketing expenses remained essentially flat in both periods.

Our sales and marketing expenses as a percentage of total revenue decreased from 41.4% to 31.8% for the three months ended June 30, 2023 and June 30, 2024, respectively, and decreased from 40.9% to 31.9% for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and June 30, 2024, respectively. We expect to continue to grow our sales and marketing team and incrementally invest in advertising and marketing events for so long as we can efficiently increase our revenue base.

Research and Development Expenses

Three months ended June 30,
Six months ended June 30,
2024
2023
ChangeChange
2024
2023
ChangeChange
$$$%$$$%
Research and development10,766 8,808 1,958 22 %21,178 16,185 4,993 31 %
Percentage of total revenue20.3 %20.2 %20.3 %19.0 %

15




Research and development expenses increased by $2.0 million or 22% for the three months ended June 30, 2024 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2023 and increased by $5.0 million or 31% for the six months ended June 30, 2024 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2023.

For the three months ended June 30, 2024, research and development expenses included $1.0 million in acquisition related compensation compared to $0.7 million in acquisition related compensation and $0.3 million in restructuring costs for the three months ended June 30, 2023. Excluding these costs, research and development expenses increased by $2.0 million or 25%.

For the six months ended June 30, 2024, research and development expenses included $2.0 million in acquisition related compensation compared to $1.0 million in acquisition related compensation and $0.3 million in restructuring costs for the six months ended June 30, 2023. Excluding these costs, research and development expenses increased by $4.3 million or 29%.

The increase in both periods was driven by the Company’s continued focus on maintaining and improving its existing platform and the development of new products, which resulted in higher personnel costs due to an increase in employee headcount, as well as additional costs incurred to become compliant with the Federal Risk and Authorization Management Program (‘FedRAMP’). On an absolute basis, we expect that research and development expenses will continue to grow as the Company maintains its efforts to keep its product at the leading edge of learning technology but will decrease as a percentage of revenue over time.

Our research and development expenses as a percentage of total revenue increased slightly from 20.2% to 20.3% for the three months ended June 30, 2023 and June 30, 2024, respectively, and increased from 19.0% to 20.3% for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and June 30, 2024, respectively.

Share-Based Compensation

Three months ended June 30,
Six months ended June 30,
2024
2023
ChangeChange
2024
2023
ChangeChange
$$$%$$$%
Share-based compensation1,923 1,326 597 45 %3,855 2,593 1,262 49 %
Percentage of total revenue3.6 %3.0 %3.7 %3.0 %

Share-based compensation expense increased by $0.6 million or 45% for the three months ended June 30, 2024 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2023 and increased by $1.3 million or 49% for the six months ended June 30, 2024 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2023. The increase was driven by equity compensation granted during the first half of 2024, while the second quarter of 2023 included higher than usual forfeitures driven by the reduction in workforce resulting in a lower expense.

Foreign Exchange (Gain) Loss

Three months ended June 30,
Six months ended June 30,
2024
2023
ChangeChange
2024
2023
ChangeChange
$$$%$$$%
Foreign exchange (gain) loss
(310)4,355 (4,665)(107)%(810)4,457 (5,267)(118)%
Percentage of total revenue(0.6)%10.0 %(0.8)%5.2 %

Foreign exchange (gain) loss primarily relates to translation of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies into functional currencies at the foreign exchange rate applicable at the end of each period. The Company holds cash and cash equivalents denominated in United States dollars. As a result of the movement of the United States dollar in comparison to the Canadian dollar (the Company’s functional currency), an unrealized foreign exchange gain was recorded for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, which represents a significant portion of the movement during the periods.
16





Depreciation and Amortization

Three months ended June 30,
Six months ended June 30,
2024
2023
ChangeChange
2024
2023
ChangeChange
$$$%$$$%
Depreciation and amortization824 824 0 0 %1,642 1,531 111 7 %
Percentage of total revenue1.6 %1.9 %1.6 %1.8 %


Depreciation and amortization expense remained essentially flat for the three months ended June 30, 2024 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2023 and for the six months ended June 30, 2024 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2023.

Non-Operating Income

Three months ended June 30,
Six months ended June 30,
2024
2023
ChangeChange
2024
2023
ChangeChange
$$$%$