ITEM 1. BUSINESS
DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS
Our Corporate History and Background
The Company was incorporated on July 1, 1999, under the laws of the State of Nevada, under the name “Han Logistics, Inc.” On August 6, 2015, the Company changed its name to “Eason Education Kingdom Holdings, Inc.” On June 18, 2020, the Company changed its name to New Momentum Corporation.
Amee Han Lombardi served as President, Secretary, Treasurer and a director from July 1, 1999 until her resignation on February 13, 2015. Michael Vardakis served as a director from April 19, 2012 until his resignation on February 13, 2015. On February 13, 2015, Kin Hon Chu was appointed a director, Law Wai Fan was appointed Chief Executive Officer, Cheng Kin Ning was appointed Chief Financial Officer, and Marie Huen Lai Chun was appointed Chief Operating Officer. On April 27, 2020, Leung Tin Lung David acquired approximately 233,813,213, or approximately 75.2%, of the issued and outstanding shares of common stock of the Company on such date.
On May 27, 2020, Chu Kin Hon resigned a director; Law Wai Fan resigned as Chief Executive Officer and President; Cheng Kin Ning resigned as Chief Financial Officer, Secretary and Treasurer; and Marie Huen Lai Chun resigned as Chief Operating Officer, of the Company. Effective May 27, 2020, Leung Tin Lung David was appointed as President, Secretary, and Treasurer and a Director of the Company. Mr. Leung is currently the sole director and officer of the Company .
Reverse Acquisition of Nemo Holding
On July 6, 2020, the Company entered into a Share Exchange Agreement (the “Share Exchange Agreement”), by and among the Company, Nemo Holding Company Limited, a British Virgin Islands corporation (“Nemo Holding”), and the holders of common shares of Nemo Holding. The holders of the common stock of Nemo Holding consisted of 29 stockholders.
Under the terms and conditions of the Share Exchange Agreement, the Company offered, sold and issued 10,000,000 shares of common stock in consideration for all the issued and outstanding shares in Nemo Holding. Leung Tin Lung David, the Company’s sole officer and director, is the beneficial holder of 6,000,000 common shares, or 60%, of the issued and outstanding shares of Nemo Holding. The effect of the issuance of the 10,000,000 shares issued under the Share Exchange Agreement represents 10.8% of the issued and outstanding shares of common stock of the Company.
Immediately prior to the closing of the transactions under the Share Exchange Agreement, Mr. Leung was the holder of 233,813,213 shares of common stock, or 75.2%, of the issued and outstanding shares of common stock of the Company. Giving effect to the closing of the transactions under the Share Exchange Agreement, Mr. Leung acquired 6,000,000 shares of common stock of the Company, by virtue of his 60% beneficial ownership of Nemo Holding. The remaining 28 common shareholders of Nemo Holding acquired 4,000,000 shares of common stock under the Share Exchange Agreement, by virtue of their aggregate of 40% beneficial ownership of Nemo Holding.
As a result of the share exchange, Nemo Holding became a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company.
The share exchange transaction with Nemo Holding was treated as a reverse acquisition, with Nemo Holding as the acquiror and the Company as the acquired party. Unless the context suggests otherwise, when we refer in this Form 10-K to business and financial information for periods prior to the consummation of the reverse acquisition, we are referring to the business and financial information of Nemo Holding.
As of April 14, 2023, there were 190,782,774 shares of the Registrant’s common stock, par value $0.001 per share, outstanding. Mr. Leung is presently the beneficial holder of 69,113,213 shares of common stock, or 36.2%, of the issued and outstanding shares of common stock of Nemo Holding, making him the controlling stockholder of the Company.
Organization & Subsidiaries
Our corporate organization chart is below.
Overview of Nemo Holding
Our wholly owned subsidiary, Nemo Holding was incorporated on April 16, 2020, in the British Virgin Islands.
The business of Nemo Holding is now the principal business of the Company. Nemo Holding has developed and operates an online ticketing platform named Gagfare.com, which provides a ticketing system for individuals and agencies to search, book and issue flight tickets and other services. The Company also offers its services through its app, Gagfare.
Nemo Holding’s principal administrative offices are located at Room 150 Cecil Street #08-01 Singapore 069543, and our telephone number is +65 3105 1428. Our website is www.gagfare.com.
Summary Financial Information
The tables and information below are derived from our audited financial statements as of December 31, 2022.
| | December 31, 2022 | |
Financial Summary | | | |
Cash and Cash Equivalents | | $ | 59,247 | |
Total Assets | | | 115,109 | |
Total Liabilities | | | 599,557 | |
Total Stockholders’ Deficit | | $ | (484,448 | ) |
Nemo Holding Company Limited has developed and operates an online ticketing platform, named Gagfare.com, which provides a ticketing system for individuals and agencies to search, book and issue flight tickets and other services.
Being the pioneer to provide “book-now-pay-later” option for securing flight ticket reservations, Gagfare enables travelers to search flights directly with over 500 airlines globally, and securing a confirmed, impartial airfare on their desired flight, instantly. With a unique and first time ever ‘book-now-pay-later’ solution provided by Gagfare, travelers can now pay only $2.00 to secure up to nine flight seats, well in advance in schedule, on their desired flight. Travelers don’t have to pay the rest of the fare until closer to their travel date.
The business mission of Gagfare is to let customers to “get a good fare.” Gagfare taps into multiple global distribution systems specifically for flight reservations, enables customers to be able to search and book their flights directly in the airlines’ own reservation systems. This gives travelers access to the best available promotional deals they may never encounter anywhere else online. Gagfare ensures to offer the best available airfare, on any given travel day, on any given flight, on any of the world’s leading airlines.
Travelers are using many of the existing online travel booking sites are spending lots of time searching and comparing for flight ticket options, and being rushed to pay the full ticket price as early as the platforms want. Often travelers may find out the selected flight fare options may no longer be available when they want to make the purchase. Advance booking is not available in most online travel booking sites today.
With user-friendly web and mobile application interfaces, Gagfare enables instant access to hundreds of thousands of flights around the world. Customers can also choose from their favorite airlines or search for alternate route options. Travelers can book itineraries with multiple stops, and check for their bookings through the airline official booking web sites by using the Gagfare booking reference information. Gagfare users just need to pay $2.00 through multiple popular online payment methods to secure the best seats on their best flight choice instantly. A reminder will be sent through email to the customer when it is time to pay the flight ticket fare and issue the flight ticket.
In the future, Gagfare will also tap into the booking of travel packages, cruises, trains and buses tickets, hotels, theme parks, sports and event tickets as well, giving a one-stop travel and entertainment booking center for the consumers worldwide.
Revenue and User Model
Gagfare plans that its revenue will be derived from online flight ticket booking and ticket issuance.
For each advance booking that a user makes through the Gagfare’s state of the art book-now-pay-later solution, a non-refundable $2.00 booking fee is paid to Gagfare. The booking fee will not apply to the flight ticket payment at ticket issuance.
When user has decided to issue the booked flight plan, full payment for the tickets will be made for ticket issuance. Gagfare may still get a market ticket price margin from the ticket issuance transactions, depending on the type of ticket offering from the ticket source which the user has chosen.
Gagfare will also provide advertising spots on the web and mobile application platforms, for travel related businesses to advertise on the platforms, which will bring a stream of advertising income to the platform.
While the technology already developed and operational, Gagfare will later expand into the other ticketing markets, include travel packages, cruises, trains and buses, hotel rooms, theme parks, sports and even tickets, apply similar search, book and buy ticket business model and mechanisms which is already applied to flight tickets.
Intellectual Property
We rely on a combination of trademark laws, trade secrets, confidentiality provisions and other contractual provisions to protect our proprietary rights, which are primarily our brand names, product designs and marks. We do not own any patents.
Pursuant to a Cooperation Agreement, dated February 1, 2016, by and between Gagfare Limited, a Hong Kong corporation and wholly owned subsidiary of the Company, and JJ Explorer Tours Limited, a Hong Kong corporation (“JJ Explorer”), controlled by Leung Tin Lung David, JJ Explorer develops and maintains website and mobile application platforms the Company uses in the operation of its business in exchange for 50% of the net earnings the Company earns through its Gagfare website and mobile application platforms for a term of five years. On January 31, 2021, JJ Explorer agreed to extend the term of additional 5 years up January 31, 2026. This agreement was terminated on February 28, 2022 and simultaneously, on the same date, a Cooperation Agreement was signed between JJ Explorer and New Momentum Asia Pte., Ltd. (“NMAPL”), a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company. Whilst the role of JJ Explorer remained the same, NMAPL was responsible to develop global marketing and business operations of the platform. The agreement provided for the sharing of the net earnings derived through the platform to be shared at 50% with JJ Explorer at the end of the term of the agreement in five (5) years.
The agreement, nevertheless was also terminated on October 31, 2022.
Government Regulation and Approvals
We are not aware of any governmental regulations or approvals required for any of our services or products. We do not believe that we are subject to any government regulations relating to the ownership and licensing of our intellectual property.
Employees
As of the date hereof, we have 1 non-employee officer, Leung Tin Lung David, who operates our company. The Company also uses 19 independent contractor consultants and advisors in connection with its operations.
Description of Properties
Our executive offices are located at 150 Cecil Street #08-01 Singapore 069543 and our telephone number is +65 3105 1428. We do not own any real estate or other physical properties.
Bankruptcy or Similar Proceedings
We have never been subject to bankruptcy, receivership or any similar proceeding.
ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
As a “smaller reporting company,” as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act, we are not required to provide the information called for by this Item.
Item 1A. Risk Factors
The following information sets forth risk factors that could cause our actual results to differ materially from those contained in forward-looking statements we have made in this registration statement and those we may make from time to time. You should carefully consider the risks described below, in addition to the other information contained in this registration statement, before making an investment decision. Our business, financial condition or results of operations could be harmed by any of these risks. The risks and uncertainties described below are not the only ones we face. Additional risks not presently known to us or other factors not perceived by us to present significant risks to our business at this time also may impair our business operations.
RISKS RELATING TO OUR COMPANY
Our auditors have expressed substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern.
Our audited financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2022 were prepared assuming that we will continue our operations as a going concern. Our wholly-owned subsidiary, Nemo Holding Company Limited, was incorporated on April 16, 2016, and does not have a history of earnings. As a result, our independent auditors in their audit report have expressed substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern. Continued operations are dependent on our ability to complete equity or debt financings or generate profitable operations. Such financings may not be available or may not be available on reasonable terms. Our financial statements do not include any adjustments that may result from the outcome of this uncertainty.
If our estimates related to future expenditures are erroneous or inaccurate, our business will fail and you could lose your entire investment.
Our success is dependent in part upon the accuracy of our management’s estimates of our future cost expenditures for legal and accounting services (including those we expect to incur as a publicly reporting company), for website marketing and development expenses, and for administrative expenses, which management estimates to be approximately $10,000,000 over the next twelve months. If such estimates are erroneous or inaccurate, or if we encounter unforeseen costs, we may not be able to carry out our business plan, which could result in the failure of our business and the loss of your entire investment.
If we are not able to develop our business as anticipated, we may not be able to generate revenues or achieve profitability and you may lose your investment.
Our wholly-owned subsidiary, Nemo Holding Company Limited, was incorporated on April 16, 2020, and our net loss for the year ended December 31, 2022 was $188,853. We have few customers, and we have not earned substantive revenues to date. Our business prospects are difficult to predict because of our limited operating history, and unproven business strategy. Our primary business activities will be focused on the commercialization of licensing our New Momentum brand. Although we believe that our business plan has significant profit potential, we may not attain profitable operations and our management may not succeed in realizing our business objectives. If we are not able to develop out business as anticipated, we may not be able to generate revenues or achieve profitability and you may lose your entire investment.
Potential disputes related to the existing agreement pursuant to which we purchased the intellectual property rights underlying our business could result in the loss of rights that are material to our business.
The acquisition of the intellectual property of New Momentum, by way of the Share Exchange Agreement, by and among the Company, New Momentum Corporation, and the holders of common stock of New Momentum, is of critical importance to our business and involves complex legal, business, and scientific issues. Although we have clear title to and no restrictions to use our intellectual property, disputes may arise regarding the Share Exchange Agreement, including but not limited to, the breaches of representations or other interpretation-related issues. If disputes over intellectual property that we have acquired under the Share Exchange Agreement prevent or impair our ability to maintain our current intellectual property, we may be unable to successfully develop and commercialize our business.
We expect to suffer losses in the immediate future that may cause us to curtail or discontinue our operations.
We expect to incur operating losses in future periods. These losses will occur because we do not yet have substantive revenues to offset the expenses associated with the development of brand and our business operations, generally. We cannot guarantee that we will ever be successful in generating revenues in the future. We recognize that if we are unable to generate revenues, we will not be able to earn profits or continue operations. There is no history upon which to base any assumption as to the likelihood that we will prove successful, and we can provide investors with no assurance that we will generate any operating revenues or ever achieve profitable operations. If we are unsuccessful in addressing these risks, our business will almost certainly fail.
We may not be able to execute our business plan or stay in business without additional funding.
Our ability to generate future operating revenues depends in part on whether we can obtain the financing necessary to implement our business plan. We will likely require additional financing through the issuance of debt and/or equity in order to establish profitable operations, and such financing may not be forthcoming. As widely reported, the global and domestic financial markets have been extremely volatile in recent months. If such conditions and constraints continue or if there is no investor appetite to finance our specific business, we may not be able to acquire additional financing through credit markets or equity markets. Even if additional financing is available, it may not be available on terms favorable to us. At this time, we have not identified or secured sources of additional financing. Our failure to secure additional financing when it becomes required will have an adverse effect on our ability to remain in business.
Any significant disruption in our website and mobile application presence or services could result in a loss of customers.
Our plans call for our customers to access our service through our website, www.gagfare.com and our mobile applications. Our reputation and ability to attract, retain and serve our customers will be dependent upon the reliable performance of our website, network infrastructure and fulfillment processes (how we deliver services purchased by our customers). Prolonged or frequent interruptions in any of these systems could make our website unavailable or unusable, which could diminish the overall attractiveness of our subscription service to existing and potential customers.
Our servers will likely be vulnerable to computer viruses, physical or electronic break-ins and similar disruptions, which could lead to interruptions and delays in our service and operations and loss, misuse or theft of data. It is likely that our website will periodically experience directed attacks intended to cause a disruption in service, which is not uncommon for web-based businesses. Any attempts by hackers to disrupt our website service or our internal systems, if successful, could harm our business, be expensive to remedy and damage our reputation. Efforts to prevent hackers from entering our computer systems are expensive to implement and may limit the functionality of our services. Any significant disruption to our website or internal computer systems could result in a loss of subscribers and adversely affect our business and results of operations.
Our connections to the airline booking systems may be interrupted and causing delays or unavailability to search and book the flight tickets, which may affect the user experiences and trust significantly.
Technology changes rapidly in our business and if we fail to anticipate or successfully implement new technologies or the manner in which use our products and services, the quality, timeliness and competitiveness of our products and services will suffer.
Rapid technology changes in our industry require us to anticipate, sometimes years in advance, which technologies we must implement and take advantage of in order to make our products and services competitive in the market. Therefore, we must start our product development with a range of technical development goals that we hope to be able to achieve. We may not be able to achieve these goals, or our competition may be able to achieve them more quickly and effectively than we can. In either case, our products and services may be technologically inferior to our competitors’, less appealing to consumers, or both. If we cannot achieve our technology goals within the original development schedule of our products and services, then we may delay their release until these technology goals can be achieved, which may delay or reduce revenue and increase our development expenses. Alternatively, we may increase the resources employed in research and development in an attempt to accelerate our development of new technologies, either to preserve our product or service launch schedule or to keep up with our competition, which would increase our development expenses. Any such failure to adapt to, and appropriately allocate resources among, emerging technologies would harm our competitive position, reduce our market share and significantly increase the time we take to bring our product to market.
Our potential customers will require a high degree of reliability in the delivery of our services, and if we cannot meet their expectations for any reason, demand for our products and services will suffer.
Our success depends in large part on our ability to assure generally error-free services, uninterrupted operation of our network and software infrastructure, and a satisfactory experience for our customers’ end users when they use Internet-based communications services. To achieve these objectives, we depend on the quality, performance and scalability of our products and services, the responsiveness of our technical support and the capacity, reliability and security of our network operations. We also depend on third parties over which we have no control. For example, our ability to serve our customers is based solely on our network access agreement with one service provider and on that service provider’s ability to provide reliable Internet access. Due to the high level of performance required for critical communications traffic, any failure to deliver a satisfactory experience to end users, whether or not caused by our own failures could reduce demand for our products and services.
If we fail to promote and maintain our brand in an effective and cost-efficient way, our business and results of operations may be harmed.
We believe that developing and maintaining awareness of our brand effectively is critical to attracting new and retaining existing customers. Successful promotion of our brand and our ability to attract customers depends largely on the effectiveness of our marketing efforts and the success of the channels we use to promote our services. It is likely that our future marketing efforts will require us to incur significant additional expenses. These efforts may not result in increased revenues in the immediate future or at all and, even if they do, any increases in revenues may not offset the expenses incurred. If we fail to successfully promote and maintain our brand while incurring substantial expenses, our results of operations and financial condition would be adversely affected, which may impair our ability to grow our business.
Declines or disruptions in the travel industry could adversely affect our business and financial performance.
Our financial results and prospects are almost entirely dependent upon the sale of travel services. Travel, including accommodation (including hotels, motels, resorts, homes, apartments and other unique places to stay), rental car and airline ticket reservations, is significantly dependent on discretionary spending levels. As a result, sales of travel services tend to decline during general economic downturns and recessions and times of political or economic uncertainty as consumers engage in less discretionary spending, are concerned about unemployment or inflation, have reduced access to credit or experience other concerns or effects that reduce their ability or willingness to travel.
Perceived or actual adverse economic conditions, including slow, slowing or negative economic growth, high or rising unemployment rates, inflation and weakening currencies, and concerns over government responses such as higher taxes or tariffs, increased interest rates and reduced government spending, could impair consumer spending and adversely affect travel demand.
These and other macro-economic uncertainties, such as oil prices, geopolitical tensions and differing central bank monetary policies, have led to significant volatility in the exchange rates between the U.S. Dollar and the Euro, the British Pound Sterling and other currencies. Significant fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates, stock markets and oil prices can also impact consumer travel behavior. For example, although lower oil prices may lead to increased travel activity as consumers have more discretionary funds and airline fares decrease, declines in oil prices may be indicative of broader macro-economic weakness, which in turn could negatively affect the travel industry, our business and results of operations. Conversely, higher oil prices may result in higher airfares and decreased travel activity, which can negatively affect our business and results of operations.
The uncertainty of macro-economic factors and their impact on consumer behavior, which may differ across regions, makes it more difficult to forecast industry and consumer trends and the timing and degree of their impact on our markets and business, which in turn could adversely affect our ability to effectively manage our business and adversely affect our results of operations.
In addition, events beyond our control, such as oil prices, stock market volatility, terrorist attacks, unusual or extreme weather or natural disasters such as earthquakes, hurricanes, tsunamis, floods, fires, droughts and volcanic eruptions, travel-related health concerns including pandemics and epidemics such as coronaviruses, Ebola and Zika, political instability, changes in economic conditions, wars and regional hostilities, imposition of taxes, tariffs or surcharges by regulatory authorities, changes in trade policies or trade disputes, changes in immigration policies, travel-related accidents or increased focus on the environmental impact of travel, have previously and may in the future disrupt travel, limit the ability or willingness of travelers to visit certain locations or otherwise result in declines in travel demand and adversely affect our business and results of operations. Because these events or concerns, and the full impact of their effects, are largely unpredictable, they can dramatically and suddenly affect travel behavior by consumers, and therefore demand for our services and our relationships with travel service providers and other partners, any of which can adversely affect our business and results of operations. Certain jurisdictions, particularly in Europe, are considering regulations intended to address the issue of “overtourism,” including by restricting access to city centers or popular tourist destinations or limiting accommodation offerings in surrounding areas, such as by restricting construction of new hotels or the renting of homes or apartments. Such regulations could adversely affect travel to, or our ability to offer accommodations in, such markets, which could negatively impact our business, growth and results of operations. The United States has implemented or proposed, or is considering, various travel restrictions and actions that could affect U.S. trade policy or practices, which could also adversely affect travel to or from the United States.
As a result of the coronavirus outbreak in 2019, the travel industry experienced, and continues to experience, a significant decline in travel demand and increase in customer cancellations predominantly related to travel to, from or in China and certain other Asian markets, though concerns about the coronavirus are also negatively impacting travel demand (and therefore our business) generally. Some countries have implemented travel bans or restrictions and some airlines have suspended or limited flights to or from China. In addition, like many other companies, we have instructed or allowed employees in high-risk areas to work from home or not report to work, which, especially if this persists for a prolonged period of time, may have an adverse impact on our employees, ability to service travelers, operations and systems. The ultimate extent of the coronavirus outbreak and its impact on travel in currently affected countries or more broadly is unknown and impossible to predict with certainty. As a result, the full extent to which the coronavirus will impact our business and results of operations is unknown. However, decreased travel demand resulting from the outbreak has had a negative impact, and is likely to have a negative and material impact, on our business, growth and results of operations. In addition, we may incur additional customer service costs in connection with servicing travelers affected by the outbreak, which would also have a negative impact on our results of operations.
The loss of the services of Leung Tin Lung David, our sole director and officer, and majority shareholder, or our failure to timely identify and retain competent personnel could negatively impact our ability to develop our website and sell our services.
We are highly dependent on Leung Tin Lung David, who is our sole director and officer, and controlling stockholder. The development of our business will continue to place a significant strain on our limited personnel, management, and other resources. Our future success depends upon the continued services of our executive officers who are developing our business, and on our ability to identify and retain competent consultants and employees with the skills required to execute our business objectives. The loss of the services of Jing Li or our failure to timely identify and retain competent personnel would negatively impact our ability to develop our business and license our brand, which could adversely affect our financial results and impair our growth.
Leung Tin Lung David, our President and sole director, beneficially owns approximately or has the right to vote 36.23% of our outstanding common stock and 100% of our Series A Preferred Stock, which has voting power equal to 110% of our issued and outstanding common stock. As a result, Mr. Leung has a substantial voting power in all matters submitted to our stockholders for approval including:
| · | Election of our board of directors; |
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| · | Removal of any of our directors or officers; |
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| · | Amendment of our Articles of Incorporation or Bylaws; |
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| · | Adoption of measures that could delay or prevent a change in control or impede a merger, takeover or other business combination involving us. |
As a result of his ownership and position, Mr. Leung is able to substantially influence all matters requiring stockholder approval, including the election of directors and approval of significant corporate transactions. In addition, the future prospect of sales of significant amounts of shares held by him could affect the market price of our common stock if the marketplace does not orderly adjust to the increase in shares in the market and the value of your investment in our company may decrease. Mr. Leung’s stock ownership may discourage a potential acquirer from making a tender offer or otherwise attempting to obtain control of us, which in turn could reduce our stock price or prevent our stockholders from realizing a premium over our stock price.
We are an independent travel services, with little experience in the market, and failure to successfully compensate for this inexperience may adversely impact our operations and financial position.
We operate as an independent business, whose existence is predicated on the brand name Gagfare, and we have no substantial tangible assets in a highly competitive industry. We have little operating history, no customer base and little revenue to date. This makes it difficult to evaluate our future performance and prospects. Our business must be considered in light of the risks, expenses, delays and difficulties frequently encountered in establishing a new business in an emerging and evolving industry characterized by intense competition, including:
| · | our business model and strategy are still evolving and are continually being reviewed and revised; |
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| · | we may not be able to raise the capital required to develop our initial customer base and reputation; |
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| · | we may not be able to successfully implement our business model and strategy; and |
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| · | our management consists is conducted by one persons, Leung Tin Lung David, our President and a director. |
We cannot be sure that we will be successful in meeting these challenges and addressing these risks and uncertainties. If we are unable to do so, our business will not be successful and the value of your investment in our company will decline.
Our failure to protect our intellectual property and proprietary technology may significantly impair our competitive advantage.
Our success and ability to compete depends in large part upon protecting our proprietary technology. We rely on a combination of patent, trademark and trade secret protection, nondisclosure and nonuse agreements to protect our proprietary rights. The steps we have taken may not be sufficient to prevent the misappropriation of our intellectual property, particularly in foreign countries where the laws may not protect our proprietary rights as fully as in the United States. The patent and trademark law and trade secret protection may not be adequate to deter third party infringement or misappropriation of our patents, trademarks and similar proprietary rights.
We may in the future initiate claims or litigation against third parties for infringement of our proprietary rights in order to determine the scope and validity of our proprietary rights or the proprietary rights of our competitors. These claims could result in costly litigation and the diversion of our technical and management personnel.
We may face costly intellectual property infringement claims, the result of which would decrease the amount of cash we would anticipate to operate and complete our business plan.
We anticipate that from time to time we will receive communications from third parties asserting that we are infringing certain copyright, trademark and other intellectual property rights of others or seeking indemnification against alleged infringement. If anticipated claims arise, we will evaluate their merits. Any claims of infringement brought of third parties could result in protracted and costly litigation, damages for infringement, and the necessity of obtaining a license relating to one or more of our products or current or future technologies, which may not be available on commercially reasonable terms or at all. Litigation, which could result in substantial cost to us and diversion of our resources, may be necessary to enforce our patents or other intellectual property rights or to defend us against claimed infringement of the rights of others. Any intellectual property litigation and the failure to obtain necessary licenses or other rights could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
We incur costs associated with SEC reporting compliance, which may significantly affect our financial condition.
The Company made the decision to become an SEC “reporting company” in order to comply with applicable laws and regulations. We incur certain costs of compliance with applicable SEC reporting rules and regulations including, but not limited to attorneys’ fees, accounting and auditing fees, other professional fees, financial printing costs and Sarbanes-Oxley compliance costs in an amount estimated at approximately $5,000,000 per year. On balance, the Company determined that the incurrence of such costs and expenses was preferable to the Company being in a position where it had very limited access to additional capital funding.
We may be required to incur significant costs and require significant management resources to evaluate our internal control over financial reporting as required under Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, and any failure to comply or any adverse result from such evaluation may have an adverse effect on our stock price.
As a smaller reporting company as defined in Rule 12b-2 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, we are required to evaluate our internal control over financial reporting under Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (“Section 404”). Section 404 requires us to include an internal control report with our Annual Report on Form 10-K. This report must include management’s assessment of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of the end of the fiscal year. This report must also include disclosure of any material weaknesses in internal control over financial reporting that we have identified. Failure to comply, or any adverse results from such evaluation could result in a loss of investor confidence in our financial reports and have an adverse effect on the trading price of our equity securities. Achieving continued compliance with Section 404 may require us to incur significant costs and expend significant time and management resources. No assurance can be given that we will be able to fully comply with Section 404 or that we and our independent registered public accounting firm would be able to conclude that our internal control over financial reporting is effective at fiscal year-end. As a result, investors could lose confidence in our reported financial information, which could have an adverse effect on the trading price of our securities, as well as subject us to civil or criminal investigations and penalties. In addition, our independent registered public accounting firm may not agree with our management’s assessment or conclude that our internal control over financial reporting is operating effectively.
We may not be able to meet the internal control reporting requirements imposed by the SEC resulting in a possible decline in the price of our common stock and our inability to obtain future financing.
As directed by Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, the SEC adopted rules requiring each public company to include a report of management on the company’s internal controls over financial reporting in its annual reports. Although the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act exempts companies with a public float of less than $250 million from the requirement that our independent registered public accounting firm attest to our financial controls, this exemption does not affect the requirement that we include a report of management on our internal control over financial reporting and does not affect the requirement to include the independent registered public accounting firm’s attestation if our public float exceeds $250 million.
While we expect to expend significant resources in developing the necessary documentation and testing procedures required by Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, there is a risk that we may not be able to comply timely with all of the requirements imposed by this rule. Regardless of whether we are required to receive a positive attestation from our independent registered public accounting firm with respect to our internal controls, if we are unable to do so, investors and others may lose confidence in the reliability of our financial statements and our stock price and ability to obtain equity or debt financing as needed could suffer.
In addition, in the event that our independent registered public accounting firm is unable to rely on our internal controls in connection with its audit of our financial statements, and in the further event that it is unable to devise alternative procedures in order to satisfy itself as to the material accuracy of our financial statements and related disclosures, it is possible that we would be unable to file our Annual Report on Form 10-K with the SEC, which could also adversely affect the market for and the market price of our common stock and our ability to secure additional financing as needed.
We face risks related to the Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) which could significantly disrupt our development, operations, sales, and financial results.
Our business has been adversely impacted by the effects of the Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19). In addition to global macroeconomic effects, the Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak and any other related adverse public health developments will cause disruption to our operations and sales activities. Our third-party vendors, third-party distributors, and our customers have been and will be disrupted by worker absenteeism, quarantines and restrictions on employees’ ability to work, office and factory closures, disruptions to ports and other shipping infrastructure, border closures, or other travel or health-related restrictions. Depending on the magnitude of such effects on our activities or the operations of our third-party vendors and third-party distributors, the supply of our products will be delayed, which could adversely affect our business, operations and customer relationships. In addition, the Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) or other disease outbreak will in the short-run and may over the longer term adversely affect the economies and financial markets of many countries, resulting in an economic downturn that will affect demand for our products and services and impact our operating results. There can be no assurance that any decrease in sales resulting from the Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) will be offset by increased sales in subsequent periods. Although the magnitude of the impact of the Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak on our business and operations remains uncertain, the continued spread of the Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) or the occurrence of other epidemics and the imposition of related public health measures and travel and business restrictions will adversely impact our business, financial condition, operating results and cash flows. In addition, we have experienced and will experience disruptions to our business operations resulting from quarantines, self-isolations, or other movement and restrictions on the ability of our employees to perform their jobs that may impact our ability to develop and design our products and services in a timely manner or meet required milestones or customer commitments.
It will be extremely difficult to acquire jurisdiction and enforce liabilities against our officers, directors and assets outside the United States.
Substantially all of our assets are currently located outside of the United States. Additionally, our sole director and officer resides outside of the United States, in Singapore. As a result, it may not be possible for United States investors to enforce their legal rights, to effect service of process upon our directors or officers or to enforce judgments of United States courts predicated upon civil liabilities and criminal penalties of our directors and officers under Federal securities laws. Moreover, we have been advised Singapore does not have a treaty providing for the reciprocal recognition and enforcement of judgments of courts with the United States.
RISKS RELATED TO DOING BUSINESS IN THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
Changes in the political and economic policies of the PRC government may materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations and may result in our inability to sustain our growth and expansion strategies.
New Momentum Corporation, is a holding company that, through Gagfare Limited, a Hong Kong entity, and Beyond Blue Limited, Hong Kong entity, both wholly-owned subsidiaries, operate our online ticketing platform that provides travelers a “Book Now, Pay Later” business model. The PRC government has sovereignty of Hong Kong, and Hong Kong’s legislature adopts laws that are congruent with PRC government policies and laws. Because of the majority of our operations are in the Hong Kong, economic, political and legal developments in the PRC will significantly affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.
The PRC economy differs from the economies of most developed countries in many respects, including the extent of government involvement, level of development, growth rate, control of foreign exchange and allocation of resources. Although the PRC government has implemented measures emphasizing the utilization of market forces for economic reform, the reduction of state ownership of productive assets, and the establishment of improved corporate governance in business enterprises, a substantial portion of productive assets in China is still owned by the government. In addition, the PRC government continues to play a significant role in regulating industry development by imposing industrial policies. The PRC government also exercises significant control over China’s economic growth by allocating resources, controlling payment of foreign currency-denominated obligations, setting monetary policy, regulating financial services and institutions and providing preferential treatment to particular industries or companies.
While the PRC economy has experienced significant growth in the past three decades, growth has been uneven, both geographically and among various sectors of the economy. The PRC government has implemented various measures to encourage economic growth and guide the allocation of resources. Some of these measures may benefit the overall PRC economy, but may also have a negative effect on us. Our financial condition and results of operation could be materially and adversely affected by government control over capital investments or changes in tax regulations that are applicable to us. In addition, the PRC government has implemented in the past certain measures, including interest rate increases, to control the pace of economic growth. These measures may cause decreased economic activity, which in turn could lead to a reduction in demand for our services and consequently have a material adverse effect on our businesses, financial condition and results of operations.
There are uncertainties regarding the interpretation and enforcement of PRC and Hong Kong laws, rules and regulations.
A substantial majority of our operations are conducted in the Hong Kong, and are governed by PRC and Hong Kong laws, rules and regulations. Our Hong Kong subsidiaries may become subject to laws, rules and regulations applicable to foreign investment in China. The PRC legal system is a civil law system based on written statutes. Unlike the common law system, prior court decisions may be cited for reference but have limited precedential value.
In 1979, the PRC government began to promulgate a comprehensive system of laws, rules and regulations governing economic matters in general. The overall effect of legislation over the past three decades has significantly enhanced the protections afforded to various forms of foreign investment in China. However, China has not developed a fully integrated legal system, and recently enacted laws, rules and regulations may not sufficiently cover all aspects of economic activities in China or may be subject to significant degrees of interpretation by PRC regulatory agencies. In particular, because these laws, rules and regulations are relatively new, and because of the limited number of published decisions and the nonbinding nature of such decisions, and because the laws, rules and regulations often give the relevant regulator significant discretion in how to enforce them, the interpretation and enforcement of these laws, rules and regulations involve uncertainties and can be inconsistent and unpredictable. In addition, the PRC legal system is based in part on government policies and internal rules, some of which are not published on a timely basis or at all, and which may have a retroactive effect. As a result, we may not be aware of our violation of these policies and rules until after the occurrence of the violation.
Any administrative and court proceedings in China may be protracted, resulting in substantial costs and diversion of resources and management attention. Since PRC administrative and court authorities have significant discretion in interpreting and implementing statutory and contractual terms, it may be more difficult to evaluate the outcome of administrative and court proceedings and the level of legal protection we enjoy than in more developed legal systems.
Adverse regulatory developments in China may subject us to additional regulatory review, and additional disclosure requirements and regulatory scrutiny to be adopted by the SEC in response to risks related to recent regulatory developments in China may impose additional compliance requirements for companies like us with China-based operations, all of which could increase our compliance costs, subject us to additional disclosure requirements.
The recent regulatory developments in China, in particular with respect to restrictions on China-based companies raising capital offshore, may lead to additional regulatory review in China over our financing and capital raising activities in the United States. In addition, we may be subject to industry-wide regulations that may be adopted by the relevant PRC authorities, which may have the effect of restricting the scope of our operations in China, or causing the suspension or termination of our business operations in China entirely, all of which will materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. We may have to adjust, modify, or completely change our business operations in response to adverse regulatory changes or policy developments, and we cannot assure you that any remedial action adopted by us can be completed in a timely, cost-efficient, or liability-free manner or at all.
On July 30, 2021, in response to the recent regulatory developments in China and actions adopted by the PRC government, the Chairman of the SEC issued a statement asking the SEC staff to seek additional disclosures from offshore issuers associated with China-based operating companies before their registration statements will be declared effective. On August 1, 2021, the China Securities Regulatory Commission stated in a statement that it had taken note of the new disclosure requirements announced by the SEC regarding the listings of Chinese companies and the recent regulatory development in China, and that both countries should strengthen communications on regulating China-related issuers. We cannot guarantee that we will not be subject to tightened regulatory review and we could be exposed to government interference in China.
Compliance with China’s new Data Security Law, Measures on Cybersecurity Review (revised draft for public consultation), Personal Information Protection Law (second draft for consultation), regulations and guidelines relating to the multi-level protection scheme and any other future laws and regulations may entail significant expenses and could materially affect our business.
Recently, the Cyberspace Administration of China has taken action against several Chinese internet companies in connection with their initial public offerings on U.S. securities exchanges, for alleged national security risks and improper collection and use of the personal information of Chinese data subjects. According to the official announcement, the action was initiated based on the National Security Law, the Cyber Security Law and the Measures on Cybersecurity Review, which are aimed at “preventing national data security risks, maintaining national security and safeguarding public interests.” On July 10, 2021, the Cyberspace Administration of China published a revised draft of the Measures on Cybersecurity Review, expanding the cybersecurity review to data processing operators in possession of personal information of over 1 million users if the operators intend to list their securities in a foreign country.
It is unclear at the present time how widespread the cybersecurity review requirement and the enforcement action will be and what effect they will have on our online ticketing platform. China’s regulators may impose penalties for non-compliance ranging from fines or suspension of operations, and this could lead to us delisting or removal from the over-the-counter markets.
Also, on August 20, 2021, the National People’s Congress passed the Personal Information Protection Law, which will be implemented on November 1, 2021. The law creates a comprehensive set of data privacy and protection requirements that apply to the processing of personal information and expands data protection compliance obligations to cover the processing of personal information of persons by organizations and individuals in China, and the processing of personal information of persons in China outside of China if such processing is for purposes of providing products and services to, or analyzing and evaluating the behavior of, persons in China. The law also proposes that critical information infrastructure operators and personal information processing entities who process personal information meeting a volume threshold to-be-set by Chinese cyberspace regulators are also required to store in China personal information generated or collected in China, and to pass a security assessment administered by Chinese cyberspace regulators for any export of such personal information. Lastly, the draft contains proposals for significant fines for serious violations of up to RMB 50 million or 5% of annual revenues from the prior year.
Interpretation, application and enforcement of these laws, rules and regulations evolve from time to time and their scope may continually change, through new legislation, amendments to existing legislation and changes in enforcement. Compliance with the Cyber Security Law and the Data Security Law could significantly increase the cost to us of providing our service offerings, require significant changes to our operations or even prevent us from providing certain service offerings in jurisdictions in which we currently operate or in which we may operate in the future. Despite our efforts to comply with applicable laws, regulations and other obligations relating to privacy, data protection and information security, it is possible that our practices, offerings or platform could fail to meet all of the requirements imposed on us by the Cyber Security Law, the Data Security Law and/or related implementing regulations. Any failure on our part to comply with such law or regulations or any other obligations relating to privacy, data protection or information security, or any compromise of security that results in unauthorized access, use or release of personally identifiable information or other data, or the perception or allegation that any of the foregoing types of failure or compromise has occurred, could damage our reputation, discourage new and existing counterparties from contracting with us or result in investigations, fines, suspension or other penalties by Chinese government authorities and private claims or litigation, any of which could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. Even if our practices are not subject to legal challenge, the perception of privacy concerns, whether or not valid, may harm our reputation and brand and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. Moreover, the legal uncertainty created by the Data Security Law and the recent Chinese government actions could materially adversely affect our ability, on favorable terms, to raise capital, including engaging in follow-on offerings of our securities in the U.S. market.
It may be difficult for U.S. regulators, such as the Department of Justice, the SEC, and other authorities, to conduct investigation or collect evidence within China.
Shareholder claims or regulatory investigation that are common in the United States generally are difficult to pursue as a matter of law or practicality in China. For example, in China, there are significant legal and other obstacles to providing information needed for regulatory investigations or litigations initiated outside China. Although the authorities in China may establish a regulatory cooperation mechanism with the securities regulatory authorities of another country or region to implement cross-border supervision and administration, such cooperation with regulatory authorities in the Unities States—including the SEC and the Department of Justice—may not be efficient in the absence of mutual and practical cooperation mechanism. Furthermore, according to Article 177 of the PRC Securities Law, which became effective in March 2020, no overseas securities regulator is allowed to directly conduct investigation or evidence collection activities within the PRC territory. While detailed interpretation of or implementation rules under Article 177 have yet to be promulgated, the inability for an overseas securities regulator to directly conduct investigation or evidence collection activities within China may further increase the difficulties you face in protecting your interests.
The audit report is prepared by an independent registered public accounting firm who is based in Malaysia and may soon be inspected by the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (the “PCAOB”). If, however, the PCAOB is unable to inspect our independent registered public accounting firm, our investors would be deprived of the benefits of such inspection. The Holding Foreign Companies Accountable Act, or the HFCA Act, and other legislative and regulatory developments related to political tensions between the United States and China, may have a material adverse impact on any future possible listing and trading, or quotation, in the U.S. and the trading prices of our shares of common stock, if our shares of common stock are so listed or quoted.
As an auditor of U.S. publicly traded companies and a PCAOB-registered accounting firm, the independent registered public accounting firm that issued the audit report is required by the laws of the United States to undergo regular inspections by the PCAOB to assess its compliance with the laws of the United States and professional standards. If, however, it is later determined that the PCAOB is unable to inspect or investigate completely our auditor because of a position taken by the authority in Malaysia or another other foreign jurisdiction, then our independent registered public accounting firm would not be inspected by the PCAOB, which would be detrimental to your investment.
PCAOB inspections are able to identify deficiencies in the inspected firms’ audit procedures and quality control procedures, which may then be addressed as part of the inspection process to improve future audit quality. The lack of PCAOB inspections prevents the PCAOB from regularly evaluating an independent registered public accounting firm’s audits and quality control procedures. As a result, investors may be deprived of the benefits of PCAOB inspections of an auditor in such circumstances. The inability of the PCAOB to conduct an inspection of an independent registered public accounting firm makes it more difficult to evaluate the effectiveness of an independent registered public accounting firm’s audit procedures or quality control procedures as compared to auditors outside of China that are subject to PCAOB inspections. Accordingly, if in the future the PCAOB is unable to inspect our independent registered public accounting firm, investors will likely have a lower level of confidence in our reported financial information and procedures and the quality of our financial statements compared to an independent registered public accounting firm is subject to PCAOB inspections.
Furthermore, U.S. legislators and regulators have in recent years raised concerns about risks associated with investing in companies that are based in or have substantial operations in emerging markets, including China. In particular, lawmakers have highlighted the increased risks associated with companies whose independent auditors are unable to be inspected by the PCAOB. As part of this continued focus in the United States on access to audit and other information currently protected by national law, in particular China’s, on December 18, 2020, the U.S. president signed the HFCA Act into law. On December 2, 2021, the SEC adopted final rules implementing the HFCA Act.
The HFCA Act requires the SEC to identify and maintain a list of U.S. listed companies whose audit reports are prepared by auditors that the PCAOB is unable to inspect or investigate completely because of restrictions imposed by the authorities in the foreign jurisdiction. The HFCA Act also requires SEC-identified public companies to (i) submit documentation establishing that the company is not owned or controlled by a governmental entity in the jurisdiction that restricts PCAOB inspections and (ii) make certain additional disclosures in their SEC filings regarding, among other things, the fact that the PCAOB is unable to inspect its audit firm, the percentage of the company’s shares owned by governmental entities in such foreign jurisdiction, whether governmental entities in such foreign jurisdiction have a controlling financial interest with respect to the company, the name of any Chinese Communist Party members on the company’s board of directors, and whether there are any charters of the Chinese Communist Party included in the company’s organizational documents (including the text of any such charter). For issuers remaining on the SEC-identified companies list for three consecutive years, the securities of such company would be prohibited from trading on a U.S. national securities exchange or the U.S. over-the-counter markets. On June 22, 2021, the U.S. Senate passed a bill which, if passed by the U.S. House of Representatives and signed into law, would reduce the number of consecutive non-inspection years required for triggering the prohibitions under the HFCA Act from three years to two. It is uncertain whether this proposed legislation will advance.
The SEC will begin identifying issuers based on annual reports filed in 2023 for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022. Because our annual report for fiscal year 2022 will likely include an audit report issued by an independent registered public accounting firm that may be subject to PCAOB inspection, we do not expect that we will be an SEC-identified company for fiscal year 2023, and would not be required to comply with the SEC’s submission and disclosure requirements for our Annual Report for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2023.
If, however, it is later determined that the PCAOB is unable to inspect or investigate completely our auditor because of a position taken by an authority in Malaysia or another foreign jurisdiction, then our independent registered public accounting firm would not be inspected by the PCAOB, and we are determined to be subject to the HFCA Act, our shares of common stock would be prohibited from trading on a U.S. national securities exchange or the U.S. over-the-counter markets, if we are unable to meet PCAOB inspection requirements in a timely manner, and you could lose your entire investment.
Additionally, if we become a SEC-identified company in fiscal year 2022, any actions that we would take in response to the HFCA Act and compliance with the requirements of the HFCA Act, for so long as we would remain an SEC-identified company, would require is to incur additional legal, accounting and other expenses, which would be significant.
RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH OUR SECURITIES
The price of our shares of common stock may not reflect our value and there can be no assurance that there will be an active market for our shares of common stock either now or in the future.
Although our common stock is quoted on the OTC Markets, our shares of common stock trade sporadically, and the price of our common stock, if traded, may not reflect our value. There can be no assurance that there will be an active market for our shares of common stock either now or in the future. Market liquidity will depend on the perception of our operating business and any steps that our management might take to bring us to the awareness of investors. There can be no assurance given that there will be any awareness generated. Consequently, investors may not be able to liquidate their investment or liquidate it at a price that reflects the value of the business. As a result holders of our securities may not find purchasers our securities should they to sell securities held by them. Consequently, our securities should be purchased only by investors having no need for liquidity in their investment and who can hold our securities for an indefinite period of time.
If a more active market should develop, the price of our shares of common stock may be highly volatile. Because there may be a low price for our shares of common stock, many brokerage firms may not be willing to effect transactions in our securities. Even if an investor finds a broker willing to effect a transaction in the shares of our common stock, the combination of brokerage commissions, transfer fees, taxes, if any, and any other selling costs may exceed the selling price. Further, many lending institutions will not permit the use of such shares of common stock as collateral for any loans.
We expect to experience volatility in our stock price, which could negatively affect stockholders’ investments.
Although our common stock is quoted on the OTC Markets under the symbol “NNAX”, there is a limited public market for our common stock. No assurance can be given that an active market will develop or that a stockholder will ever be able to liquidate its shares of common stock without considerable delay, if at all. Many brokerage firms may not be willing to effect transactions in the securities. Even if a purchaser finds a broker willing to effect a transaction in these securities, the combination of brokerage commissions, state transfer taxes, if any, and any other selling costs may exceed the selling price. Furthermore, our stock price may be impacted by factors that are unrelated or disproportionate to our operating performance. These market fluctuations, as well as general economic, political and market conditions, such as recessions, interest rates or international currency fluctuations may adversely affect the market price and liquidity of our common stock.
In the past, securities class action litigation has often been brought against a company following periods of volatility in the market price of its securities. Due to the volatility of our common stock price, we may be the target of securities litigation in the future. Securities litigation could result in substantial costs and divert management’s attention and resources.
Stockholders should also be aware that, according to SEC Release No. 34-29093, the market for “penny stock”, such as our common stock, has suffered in recent years from patterns of fraud and abuse. Such patterns include (1) control of the market for the security by one or a few broker-dealers that are often related to the promoter or issuer; (2) manipulation of prices through prearranged matching of purchases and sales and false and misleading press releases; (3) boiler room practices involving high-pressure sales tactics and unrealistic price projections by inexperienced sales persons; (4) excessive and undisclosed bid-ask differential and markups by selling broker-dealers; and (5) the wholesale dumping of the same securities by promoters and broker-dealers after prices have been manipulated to a desired level, along with the resulting inevitable collapse of those prices and with consequent investor losses. Our management is aware of the abuses that have occurred historically in the penny stock market. Although we do not expect to be in a position to dictate the behavior of the market or of broker-dealers who participate in the market, management will strive within the confines of practical limitations to prevent the described patterns from being established with respect to our securities. The occurrence of these patterns or practices could increase the future volatility of our share price.
Our common stock is subject to the “penny stock” rules of the SEC and the trading market in our securities is limited, which makes transactions in our stock cumbersome and may reduce the value of an investment in our stock.
Under U.S. federal securities legislation, our common stock will constitute “penny stock”. Penny stock is any equity security that has a market price of less than $5.00 per share, subject to certain exceptions. For any transaction involving a penny stock, unless exempt, the rules require that a broker or dealer approve a potential investor’s account for transactions in penny stocks, and the broker or dealer receive from the investor a written agreement to the transaction, setting forth the identity and quantity of the penny stock to be purchased. In order to approve an investor’s account for transactions in penny stocks, the broker or dealer must obtain financial information and investment experience objectives of the person, and make a reasonable determination that the transactions in penny stocks are suitable for that person and the person has sufficient knowledge and experience in financial matters to be capable of evaluating the risks of transactions in penny stocks. The broker or dealer must also deliver, prior to any transaction in a penny stock, a disclosure schedule prepared by the Commission relating to the penny stock market, which, in highlight form sets forth the basis on which the broker or dealer made the suitability determination. Brokers may be less willing to execute transactions in securities subject to the “penny stock” rules. This may make it more difficult for investors to dispose of our common stock and cause a decline in the market value of our stock. Disclosure also has to be made about the risks of investing in penny stocks in both public offerings and in secondary trading and about the commissions payable to both the broker-dealer and the registered representative, current quotations for the securities and the rights and remedies available to an investor in cases of fraud in penny stock transactions. Finally, monthly statements have to be sent disclosing recent price information for the penny stock held in the account and information on the limited market in penny stocks.
FINRA sales practice requirements may also limit a stockholder’s ability to buy and sell our stock.
In addition to the “penny stock” rules described above, the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (“FINRA”) has adopted rules that require that in recommending an investment to a customer, a broker-dealer must have reasonable grounds for believing that the investment is suitable for that customer. Prior to recommending speculative low priced securities to their non-institutional customers, broker-dealers must make reasonable efforts to obtain information about the customer’s financial status, tax status, investment objectives and other information. Under interpretations of these rules, FINRA believes that there is a high probability that speculative low priced securities will not be suitable for at least some customers. The FINRA requirements make it more difficult for broker-dealers to recommend that their customers buy our common stock, which may limit your ability to buy and sell our stock and have an adverse effect on the market for our shares.
If we issue additional shares in the future, whether in connection with a financing or in exchange for services or rights, it will result in the dilution of our existing stockholders.
Our articles of incorporation authorize the issuance of up to 500,000,000 shares of common stock with a par value of $0.001 per share, and 175,000,000 shares have been designated as “blank check” preferred stock. As of the date of this report, the Company had 190,782,774 shares of common stock issued and outstanding. Accordingly, we may issue up to an additional 148,000,000 shares of common stock. Our Board of Directors may choose to issue some or all of such shares to acquire one or more companies or properties, to fund our overhead and general operating requirements and in exchange for services rendered to the Company. Such issuances may not require the approval of our stockholders. We have previously issued shares of our common stock in exchange for services provided to the Company and for certain rights, including as consideration for intellectual property rights. Any future issuances may reduce the book value per share and may contribute to a reduction in the market price of the outstanding shares of our common stock. If we issue any such additional shares in the future, such issuance will reduce the proportionate ownership and voting power of all current stockholders.
State securities laws may limit secondary trading, which may restrict the states in which and conditions under which you can sell the shares offered by this prospectus.
Secondary trading in common stock sold in this offering will not be possible in any state until the common stock is qualified for sale under the applicable securities laws of the state or there is confirmation that an exemption, such as listing in certain recognized securities manuals, is available for secondary trading in the state. If we fail to register or qualify, or to obtain or verify an exemption for the secondary trading of, the common stock in any particular state, the common stock could not be offered or sold to, or purchased by, a resident of that state. In the event that a significant number of states refuse to permit secondary trading in our common stock, the liquidity for the common stock could be significantly impacted thus causing you to realize a loss on your investment.
The Company does not intend to seek registration or qualification of its shares of common stock the subject of this offering in any State or territory of the United States. Aside from a “secondary trading” exemption, other exemptions under state law and the laws of US territories may be available to purchasers of the shares of common stock sold in this offering,
Anti-takeover effects of certain provisions of Nevada state law hinder a potential takeover of us.
Though not now, we may be or in the future we may become subject to Nevada’s control share law. A corporation is subject to Nevada’s control share law if it has more than 200 stockholders, at least 100 of whom are stockholders of record and residents of Nevada, and it does business in Nevada or through an affiliated corporation. The law focuses on the acquisition of a “controlling interest” which means the ownership of outstanding voting shares sufficient, but for the control share law, to enable the acquiring person to exercise the following proportions of the voting power of the corporation in the election of directors:
(i) one-fifth or more but less than one-third, (ii) one-third or more but less than a majority, or (iii) a majority or more. The ability to exercise such voting power may be direct or indirect, as well as individual or in association with others.
The effect of the control share law is that the acquiring person, and those acting in association with it, obtains only such voting rights in the control shares as are conferred by a resolution of the stockholders of the corporation, approved at a special or annual meeting of stockholders. The control share law contemplates that voting rights will be considered only once by the other stockholders. Thus, there is no authority to strip voting rights from the control shares of an acquiring person once those rights have been approved. If the stockholders do not grant voting rights to the control shares acquired by an acquiring person, those shares do not become permanent non-voting shares. The acquiring person is free to sell its shares to others. If the buyers of those shares themselves do not acquire a controlling interest, their shares do not become governed by the control share law.
If control shares are accorded full voting rights and the acquiring person has acquired control shares with a majority or more of the voting power, any stockholder of record, other than an acquiring person, who has not voted in favor of approval of voting rights is entitled to demand fair value for such stockholder’s shares.
Nevada’s control share law may have the effect of discouraging takeovers of the corporation.
In addition to the control share law, Nevada has a business combination law which prohibits certain business combinations between Nevada corporations and “interested stockholders” for three years after the “interested stockholder” first becomes an “interested stockholder,” unless the corporation’s board of directors approves the combination in advance. For purposes of Nevada law, an “interested stockholder” is any person who is (i) the beneficial owner, directly or indirectly, of ten percent or more of the voting power of the outstanding voting shares of the corporation, or (ii) an affiliate or associate of the corporation and at any time within the three previous years was the beneficial owner, directly or indirectly, of ten percent or more of the voting power of the then outstanding shares of the corporation. The definition of the term “business combination” is sufficiently broad to cover virtually any kind of transaction that would allow a potential acquiror to use the corporation’s assets to finance the acquisition or otherwise to benefit its own interests rather than the interests of the corporation and its other stockholders.
The effect of Nevada’s business combination law is to potentially discourage parties interested in taking control of us from doing so if it cannot obtain the approval of our board of directors.
Because we do not intend to pay any cash dividends on our common stock, our stockholders will not be able to receive a return on their shares unless they sell them.
We intend to retain any future earnings to finance the development and expansion of our business. We do not anticipate paying any cash dividends on our common stock in the foreseeable future. Unless we pay dividends, our stockholders will not be able to receive a return on their shares unless they sell them. Stockholders may never be able to sell shares when desired. Before you invest in our securities, you should be aware that there are various risks. You should consider carefully these risk factors, together with all of the other information included in this annual report before you decide to purchase our securities. If any of the following risks and uncertainties develop into actual events, our business, financial condition or results of operations could be materially adversely affected.